Cancer treatment reviews最新文献

{"title":"Primary testicular lymphoma","authors":"Brian T. Grainger ,&nbsp;Chan Y. Cheah","doi":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102927","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102927","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Primary testicular lymphoma (PTL) is a rare extranodal lymphoma. The majority of cases are of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) histology (PT-DLBCL) with an activated B-cell-like (ABC) gene expression profile. These are characterised clinically by a high risk of contralateral testis and central nervous system (CNS) relapse, representing an ongoing area of unmet clinical need. Here, we review the epidemiology, clinical presentation and diagnostic evaluation of PT-DLBCL along with the advances in molecular biology that have occurred in the last decade, concerning the now-recognised molecular subtypes of DLBCL and their role of immune escape and sustained signalling in disease pathophysiology. We also appraise the retrospective and prospective clinical trials underpinning modern treatment recommendations, including the updated guidance on the role of radiotherapy and the latest evidence regarding strategies for preventing CNS relapse.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9537,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment reviews","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102927"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143820968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Harnessing cytokine immunocomplexes and cytokine fusion proteins for cancer Therapy: Mechanisms and clinical potential","authors":"Wei Yang Kong ,&nbsp;Amelia Soderholm ,&nbsp;Andrew J. Brooks ,&nbsp;Jazmina L. Gonzalez Cruz ,&nbsp;James W. Wells","doi":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cytokines are pivotal regulators of cellular functions and immune responses, making them highly promising targets for cancer immunotherapy. Despite their widespread clinical application, the effectiveness of cytokine immunotherapy is often hampered by their pleiotropic effects, short half-lives, uneven biodistribution, and severe side effects at high dosages. Recent advancements in cytokine biology have led to the development of cytokine-antibody immunocomplexes and cytokine fusion proteins, offering a new paradigm in cancer treatments. These innovations foster the ability of cytokines to selectively activate specific cancer-targeting immune cell populations, such as CD8 T cells and NK cells, effectively inhibiting tumour progression. Furthermore, both therapeutic approaches can mitigate systemic toxicities and prolong the biological activity of cytokines in the body. This review delves into the recent advancements of cytokine immunocomplexes and cytokine fusion proteins, with a particular focus on interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-7 and IL-15, which are in clinical/preclinical development. Moreover, we discuss the therapeutic benefits of these approaches observed in recent preclinical and clinical studies, along with the challenges that must be addressed to fully unlock their potential in cancer immunotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9537,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment reviews","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102937"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current and future directions in theranostics for neuroendocrine prostate cancer","authors":"Gokce Belge Bilgin ,&nbsp;Fabrice Lucien-Matteoni ,&nbsp;Aadel A. Chaudhuri ,&nbsp;Jacob J. Orme ,&nbsp;Daniel S. Childs ,&nbsp;Miguel Muniz ,&nbsp;Gary G. Li ,&nbsp;Pradeep S. Chauhan ,&nbsp;SeungBaek Lee ,&nbsp;Sounak Gupta ,&nbsp;Matthew P. Thorpe ,&nbsp;Derek R. Johnson ,&nbsp;Geoffrey B. Johnson ,&nbsp;Ayse Tuba Kendi ,&nbsp;Oliver Sartor","doi":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) is rare at the time of initial diagnosis but much more common in patients treated with the combination of androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) and androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPI) such as abiraterone and enzalutamide. NEPC is typically characterized by the loss of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression while exhibiting variable neuroendocrine markers. Recent advancements in nuclear medicine have provided a promising avenue for the development of molecular imaging techniques and targeted therapies tailored to NEPC. This review examines the current and future role of theranostics in the diagnosis and management of NEPC and explores potential future directions in this rapidly evolving field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9537,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment reviews","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102941"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143829893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Operationalizing intermediate clinical endpoints: A pragmatic framework for prostate cancer management trials","authors":"Xingyu Xiong ,&nbsp;Shiyu Zhang ,&nbsp;Jiajia Du ,&nbsp;Xinyang Liao ,&nbsp;Jie Yang ,&nbsp;Weitao Zheng ,&nbsp;Hang Xu ,&nbsp;Lu Yang ,&nbsp;Qiang Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite therapeutic advances, prostate cancer remains lethal for most patients. Accelerated development of novel therapies requires validated surrogate endpoints to circumvent prolonged survival follow-up in phase III trials. This review systematically evaluates intermediate clinical endpoints (ICEs) in prostate cancer to establish methodologically robust alternatives to overall survival (OS). We first synthesized methodological standards for ICE validation. Subsequent analysis encompassed phase III trials (PubMed/Web of Science, Jan. 2025) in metastatic castration-sensitive (mCSPC) and –resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), requiring: randomization, therapeutic intervention, OS as primary/co-primary endpoint, ≥1 ICE (radiographic progression-free survival (rPFS), milestone survival), and ≥70 participants. Surrogacy was quantified via two-stage meta-analysis, with R² ≥ 0.7 defining validity. Metastasis-free survival (MFS) is validated for localized disease, enabling trial endpoint substitution. In advanced stages, evidence for ICEs remains critically deficient. Our analysis identifies milestone survival as a promising ICE candidate in mCSPC and mCRPC, demonstrating strong trial-level correlation with OS. Current ICE validation in prostate cancer is disproportionately focused on localized disease, leaving advanced-stage therapeutic development constrained. While milestone survival shows surrogacy potential, endpoint validation remains methodologically challenging even in rigorously designed trials. This work underscores the imperative to accelerate ICE standardization through unified methodological frameworks and collaborative cross-trial analyses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9537,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment reviews","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102935"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143816951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radioligand Therapy in Metastatic Breast Cancer: Harnessing Precision Oncology","authors":"Federica Giugliano ,&nbsp;Elisa Giordano ,&nbsp;Laura Gilardi ,&nbsp;Beatrice Taurelli Salimbeni ,&nbsp;Paola Zagami ,&nbsp;Angela Esposito ,&nbsp;Antonio Marra ,&nbsp;Dario Trapani ,&nbsp;Pier Paolo Maria Berton Giachetti ,&nbsp;Bianca Malagutti ,&nbsp;Théophraste Henry ,&nbsp;Desiree Deandreis ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Curigliano ,&nbsp;Francesco Ceci ,&nbsp;Carmen Criscitiello","doi":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Radioligand therapy (RLT) represents a promising advancement in precision oncology and enables the targeted delivery of radiation to cancer cells. This approach has shown success in other tumor types, such as prostate cancer and neuroendocrine tumors. Its potential in metastatic breast cancer (mBC) is currently under investigation. This review discusses RLT mechanism of action, therapeutic potential, and integration into the existing therapeutic landscape of mBC. While clinical trials have shown promising results, challenges remain regarding target heterogeneity, implementation, and optimizing treatment strategies. Further research is essential to integrate RLT into clinical practice and improve patient outcomes fully.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9537,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment reviews","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102940"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143823851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"EORTC consensus recommendations on the optimal management of colorectal cancer liver metastases","authors":"Giacomo Bregni ,&nbsp;Richard Adams ,&nbsp;Reto Bale ,&nbsp;Maria A Bali ,&nbsp;Irene Bargellini ,&nbsp;Lennart Blomqvist ,&nbsp;Gina Brown ,&nbsp;Chiara Cremolini ,&nbsp;Pieter Demetter ,&nbsp;Timm Denecke ,&nbsp;Anthony Dohan ,&nbsp;Cristina Dopazo ,&nbsp;Elena Elez ,&nbsp;Serge Evrard ,&nbsp;Roger Feakins ,&nbsp;Matthias Guckenberger ,&nbsp;Marianne Gronlie Guren ,&nbsp;Maria Hawkins ,&nbsp;Anne Hoorens ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Huguet ,&nbsp;Francesco Sclafani","doi":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases have long represented a unique and thoroughly investigated population. Nevertheless, the optimal management of these is still controversial with a number of open questions which are only partially addressed by available studies and existing guidelines. The European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) Gastrointestinal Tract Cancer Group (GITCG) sought to fill this knowledge gap and promoted the development of a European consensus on this subject. By using the Delphi methodology and leveraging a multidisciplinary team of 43 international experts, including gastrointestinal oncologists, hepatobiliary surgeons, interventional radiologists, radiation oncologists, radiologists, nuclear medicine physicians and pathologists from 12 European countries, 34 practical recommendations and two consensus statements were proposed. These cover varying aspects of the optimal management of colorectal cancer liver metastases such as baseline imaging, selection criteria for liver-directed therapies, treatment strategies, assessment of treatment response, follow-up, care delivery, clinical research and future perspectives. This roadmap document is intended to complement national and international guidelines, and to provide practical guidance for clinicians and multidisciplinary teams, ultimately promoting practice standardisation, optimal management and better patient outcomes across Europe. Also, it provides a unique opportunity to highlight grey areas and unmet needs, and to give a strategic direction to future research in the field by identifying topics where there is no consensus among experts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9537,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment reviews","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102926"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143759336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert consensus on patterns of progression in kidney cancer after adjuvant immunotherapy and subsequent treatment strategies","authors":"Teresa Alonso-Gordoa ,&nbsp;Georgia Anguera ,&nbsp;Mario Domínguez-Esteban ,&nbsp;Òscar Reig ,&nbsp;Hilario Martínez-Barros ,&nbsp;Javier Molina-Cerrillo ,&nbsp;Patricia Cruz ,&nbsp;Pablo Maroto","doi":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102925","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102925","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Immunotherapy has changed the management of localized clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) since the approval of adjuvant pembrolizumab, which demonstrated significant improvements in disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients at intermediate and high risk of recurrence. This new approach impacts rescue strategies in patients who relapse after local treatment and during or after adjuvant pembrolizumab. Nevertheless, there is currently no robust scientific evidence on therapeutic decision-making in this clinical situation, representing an area for further debate and research.</div><div>In this article, a group of experts from the Genitourinary Alliance for Research and Development (GUARD) have reviewed the available scientific evidence to establish the basis for therapeutic decision-making in patients with ccRCC who progress after adjuvant treatment with immunotherapy. Despite the lack of randomized clinical trials in this setting, this group of experts recommends classifying patients according to relapse volume (oligometastatic <em>vs</em>. polymetastatic), time to relapse and certain molecular characteristics. Rescue treatments beyond relapse should be individualized and might include locoregional treatments such as surgery or radiotherapy as well as antiangiogenic therapies in patients defined as resistant to immunotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9537,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment reviews","volume":"136 ","pages":"Article 102925"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics of antibody-drug conjugates, where do we stand?","authors":"Arthur Géraud ,&nbsp;Paul Gougis ,&nbsp;Alexandre de Nonneville ,&nbsp;Mathilde Beaufils ,&nbsp;François Bertucci ,&nbsp;Emilien Billon ,&nbsp;Gabriel Brisou ,&nbsp;Gwenaelle Gravis ,&nbsp;Laurent Greillier ,&nbsp;Mathilde Guerin ,&nbsp;Essia Mezni ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Mitry ,&nbsp;Robin Noel ,&nbsp;Joséphine Pignon ,&nbsp;Renaud Sabatier ,&nbsp;Lorène Seguin ,&nbsp;Jean-Philippe Spano ,&nbsp;Cécile Vicier ,&nbsp;Frederic Viret ,&nbsp;Anthony Goncalves ,&nbsp;Joseph Ciccolini","doi":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102922","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102922","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are a rising therapeutic class in oncology and hematology, with eleven drugs approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as of January 2025. These “magic bullets” have a complex structure, including a monoclonal antibody, a linker, attachment sites, and a payload usually disrupting microtubules, targeting DNA, or inhibiting topoisomerase 1. By targeting specific tumor antigens, they are expected to be exquisitely effective in releasing “supertoxic” payloads inside tumor cells after intracellular trafficking. Additionally, they may exert a bystander effect, wherein the released payloads act on neighboring cells, amplifying their therapeutic impact regardless of target expression. ADCs have been game-changing drugs to treat tumors with once dismal prognoses or with previously considered unactionable targets, such as HER2-low or triple-negative breast cancer. To what extent there is room for personalized medicine to improve the toxicity/efficacy ratio remains unknown. However, there are inherent issues related to the complexity of the pharmacokinetics of ADCs and their assessments: efficacy or toxicity may be influenced by the clearance of the intact ADC, the circulating payload, or the payload-linker complex. Deciphering these multifaceted exposure-outcomes relationships for both efficacy and safety endpoints, is critical for advancing precision medicine and enabling personalized dosing strategies. To improve future developments and broaden their therapeutic scope, several strategies can be developed, including developing adequate combinations with other treatment classes (cytotoxic agents, immune-checkpoint inhibitors, oral molecular-targeted therapies). In this review, we will discuss the PK/PD aspects of ADCs and their dosing to improve their use in current and future indications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9537,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment reviews","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 102922"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143715270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-progression treatment options after CDK4/6 inhibitors in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer","authors":"Taha Koray Sahin ,&nbsp;Alessandro Rizzo ,&nbsp;Deniz Can Guven ,&nbsp;Sercan Aksoy","doi":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102924","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102924","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The combination of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) and endocrine therapy (ET) is the standard first-line treatment for hormone receptor-positive (HR + ) and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (mBC). Despite their efficacy, resistance inevitably develops, necessitating alternative therapeutic strategies post-progression. This review explores current and emerging treatment options following progression on CDK4/6i, focusing on endocrine therapies, targeted therapies, combination approaches, and the continued use of CDK4/6i. Endocrine therapies, including fulvestrant and novel oral selective estrogen receptor degraders (SERDs) like elacestrant, show promise, especially in patients with <em>ESR1</em> mutations. Targeted therapies such as <em>PI3K/AKT/mTOR</em> inhibitors, exemplified by alpelisib and capivasertib, offer potential by addressing downstream signaling pathways involved in resistance. Additionally, FGFR inhibitors like erdafitinib are under investigation for their role in overcoming specific resistance mechanisms. Combination strategies involving CDK4/6 inhibitors with immune checkpoint inhibitors or other targeted agents are also being explored, with early trials suggesting possible synergistic effects, although further validation is required. Continuation of CDK4/6 inhibitors beyond progression has shown potential benefits in selected patients, but the data are heterogeneous, and further studies are needed to clarify their role. While chemotherapy remains a standard option for patients who progress on these treatments, the goal is to delay its use through the effective utilization of endocrine and targeted therapies. Understanding resistance mechanisms and tailoring treatment to individual patient profiles is crucial for optimizing outcomes. Ongoing clinical trials are expected to provide deeper insights, guiding the development of more effective post-progression therapeutic strategies. This evolving landscape highlights the need for continuous research and individualized patient care to improve survival and quality of life in HR + mBC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9537,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment reviews","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 102924"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143685587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of loss of HER2 positivity following neoadjuvant therapy in HER2-positive breast cancer patients on long-term prognosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Shunsuke Nakatani ,&nbsp;Takuya Hayashi ,&nbsp;Keiko Yamamoto ,&nbsp;Hideki Maeda","doi":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctrv.2025.102923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aims</h3><div>The primary objective was to assess the impact of HER2 loss after neoadjuvant therapy on the long-term prognosis of patients with HER2-positive breast cancer.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We extracted relevant studies from PubMed and Cochrane Library and performed systematic review and <em>meta</em>-analysis. The key eligibility criteria for the studies were as follows: included HER2-positive early breast cancer cases undergoing neoadjuvant therapy, available data on HER2 status before and after neoadjuvant therapy, and reported recurrence-related outcomes (disease-free survival/invasive disease-free survival/relapse-free survival) or overall survival.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 915 studies that were initially identified, 8 met the eligibility criteria and were included in the <em>meta</em>-analysis for the recurrence-related outcomes (1,917 patients with HER2 loss: 411 [21.4 %] or HER2 retained: 1,506 [78.6 %]); 4 of them reported data on overall survival (606 patients with HER2 loss: 243 [40.1 %] or HER2 retained: 363 [59.9 %]). The average follow-up duration, based on data from five out of eight studies that reported this information, was 51.6 months. HER2 loss was significantly associated with worse recurrence-related outcomes (hazards ratio [HR] 1.85, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 1.31–2.61, p = 0.0005) and worse overall survival (HR 2.37, 95 % CI 1.27–4.41, p = 0.0065). No heterogeneity or publication bias was observed in the <em>meta</em>-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrated that compared with patients with HER2 retained, those with HER2 loss had significantly higher risk of disease recurrence and worse prognosis. These findings implied the possible use of HER2 loss as a prognostic factor in patients with HER2-positive early breast cancer. Reassessment of HER2 status after neoadjuvant therapy could be valuable in predicting prognosis and may lead to reconsideration of the rational subsequent treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9537,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment reviews","volume":"135 ","pages":"Article 102923"},"PeriodicalIF":9.6,"publicationDate":"2025-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143672002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}