Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry最新文献

{"title":"The Role of Human Platelet-rich Plasma to Enhance the Differentiation of Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells into Cardiomyocyte: An Experimental Study.","authors":"I Gde Rurus Suryawan,&nbsp;Andrianto,&nbsp;Arifta Devi Anggaraeni,&nbsp;Arisya Agita,&nbsp;Ricardo Adrian Nugraha","doi":"10.2174/1871525720666220510211116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871525720666220510211116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Several studies have shown that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs) can differentiate into mesenchymal lineages, including cardiac cell types, but complete differentiation into cardiomyocytes is challenging. Unfortunately, the optimal method to maximize AMSCs differentiation has not yet been established. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP), which contains rich growth factors, is believed to stimulate stem cell proliferation and differentiation in the context of cardiac tissue regeneration.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to analyze the effect of PRP administration to enhance the differentiation of AMSCs into cardiomyocytes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used a randomized post-test-only controlled group design. AMSCs were isolated from adipose tissues and cultured for 4 passages. The samples were divided into 3 groups, a negative control group (α-MEM), a positive control group (differentiation medium), and a treatment group (PRP). The assessment of GATA-4 expression was conducted using flow cytometry on day-5. The assessment of troponin expression was conducted using immunocytochemistry on day- 10. Data analysis was conducted using T-test and One-Way ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Flowcytometry of GATA-4 expression revealed a significant improvement in PRP group compared to negative and positive control group (67.04 ± 4.49 vs. 58.15 ± 1.23 p < 0.05; 67.04 ± 4.49 vs. 52.96 ± 2.02 p < 0.05). This was supported by the results of immunocytochemistry on troponin expression, which revealed significant improvement in the PRP group compared to negative and positive controls (38.13 ± 5.2 vs. 10.73 ± 2.39 p < 0.05; 38.13 ± 5.2 vs. 26.00 ± 0.4 p < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PRP administration in the AMSCs culture could significantly improve the differentiation of AMSCs into cardiomyocytes measured by GATA-4 and troponin expressions. This was concordant with our hypothesis, which stated that there was an effect of PRP administration on AMSCs differentiation into cardiomyocytes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9535,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"21 3","pages":"156-166"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9548768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Patent Review on Cardiotoxicity of Anticancerous Drugs.","authors":"Renu Bhadana, Vibha Rani","doi":"10.2174/1871525721666230120155734","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871525721666230120155734","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity is an increasing concern and it is critical to avoid heart dysfunction induced by medications used in various cancers. Dysregulated cardiomyocyte homeostasis is a critical phenomenon of drug-induced cardiotoxicity, which hinders the cardiac tissue's natural physiological function. Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is responsible for various heart disorders such as myocardial infarction, myocardial hypertrophy, and arrhythmia, among others. Chronic cardiac stress due to drug toxicity restricts the usage of cancer medications. Anticancer medications can cause a variety of adverse effects, especially cardiovascular toxicity. This review is focused on anticancerous drugs anthracyclines, trastuzumab, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications (NSAIDs), and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and associated pathways attributed to the drug-induced cardiotoxicity. Several factors responsible for enhanced cardiotoxicity are age, gender specificity, diseased conditions, and therapy are also discussed. The review also highlighted the patents assigned for different methodologies involved in the assessment and reducing cardiotoxicity. Recent advancements where the usage of trastuzumab and bevacizumab have caused cardiac dysfunction and their effects alone or in combination on cardiac cells are explained. Extensive research on patents associated with protection against cardiotoxicity has shown that chemicals like bis(dioxopiperazine)s and manganese compounds were cardioprotective when combined with other selected anticancerous drugs. Numerous patents are associated with druginduced toxicity, prevention, and diagnosis, that may aid in understanding the current issues and developing novel therapies with safer cardiovascular outcomes. Also, the advancements in technology and research going on are yet to be explored to overcome the present issue of cardiotoxicity with the development of new drug formulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":9535,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"28-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10564413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The mRNA Expression of <i>PTEN, LEF1, JAK3, LC3</i> and <i>p62/SQSTM1</i> Genes in Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.","authors":"Elahe Razmara Lak,&nbsp;Gholamhossein Tamaddon,&nbsp;Mani Ramzi,&nbsp;Reza Ranjbaran,&nbsp;Elham Abedi,&nbsp;Sedigheh Sharifzadeh","doi":"10.2174/1871525720666220819123639","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871525720666220819123639","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a progressive myeloproliferative disorder resulting from forming a chimeric BCR-ABL gene. The proteins derived from this gene can affect some genes from various signaling pathways such as PI3K/AKT/Wnt/catenin/JAK/Stat involved in proliferation, differentiation, cell death, and genes related to autophagy. Imatinib is the first-line treatment for CML patients, with durable and proper responses in Iranian children and adult CML patients. Hence, we aimed to evaluate the mRNA expression of some selected key genes from those pathways in patients with CML before and under treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In the case-control study, the mRNA expression of PTEN, LEF1, JAK3, LC3 and p62 genes were measured in 51 CML patients (6 patients before treatment and 45 patients under treatment with imatinib mesylate) and 40 healthy controls using the Real-time PCR method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mRNA expression of PTEN and P62 were significantly higher in newly diagnosed patients than in controls (P<0.0001 and P = 0.0183, respectively), while the expression of the LC3 gene was significantly lower in the untreated newly diagnosed group than in control subjects (P = 0.0191). The expression level of PTEN, LEF1, JAK3 and P62 genes were significantly decreased in patients under treatment than in the group before treatment (P = 0.0172, P = 0.0002, P = 0.0047 and P = 0.0038, respectively). A positive correlation was seen between the gene expression of P62 and BCR-ABL in the patients under treatment (r 0529, P = 0.016).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings showed that the changes in expression of these genes were related to the patient's treatment. Due to the key role of these genes in proliferation, differentiation and tumor suppression, it is proposed that these genes may be helpful for follow-up of treatment in CML patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9535,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"21 1","pages":"67-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10663361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Insights into the Association of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) and Cardiovascular Risk Among Diabetic vs Non-Diabetic Patients.","authors":"Akashkumar N Singh,&nbsp;Tatineni Swathi","doi":"10.2174/1871525720666220610160310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871525720666220610160310","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease have a high risk of developing cardiovascular disease-related mortality and morbidity compared to non-diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. The Majority of chronic kidney disease patients with diabetes remain undiagnosed and have a higher incidence of cardiovascular comorbidities even when they do not progress to endstage renal failure. Both traditional cardiovascular risk factors and non-traditional cardiovascular risk factors are known to be present in a higher magnitude in diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease and are known to partially account for the increased incidence of cardiovascular disease compared to non-diabetic chronic kidney disease patients. Moreover, there is no definitive evidence for potential therapeutic treatment options for cardiovascular disease among diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease, as these patients have often not been included in major cardiovascular trials. Therefore, there is a need to recognize diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease patients having a high cardiovascular disease risk for definite and immediate medical attention at an individual patient level. Increased awareness, timely diagnosis, and intervention with respect to control these plays a pivotal role in avoiding undesirable cardiovascular disease events and lead to improved treatment outcomes among these patients. Further research is warranted to understand the risk factors for cardiovascular disease and to develop and implement preventive and treatment strategies to decrease the high morbidity and mortality among diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease. This review summarizes the available epidemiological data, and risk factors, discusses clinical presentations, and suggests prevention and management strategies for cardiovascular disease risk among diabetic patients with chronic kidney disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9535,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"21 1","pages":"10-19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10665783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antihyperglycemic and Antidyslipidemic Effects of <i>Artemisia arborescens</i> Aqueous Extract on Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats.","authors":"Amine Azzane,&nbsp;Omar Farid,&nbsp;Mohamed Eddouks","doi":"10.2174/1871525720666220425094135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871525720666220425094135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate the antidiabetic activity of Artemisia arborescens.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Artemisia arborescens is an aromatic, medicinal, and endemic plant mostly found in the Mediterranean region. This plant is widely used as alternative medicine.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study was designed to examine the antihyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic activities of Artemisia arborescens aqueous extract (AEAA) in normal and streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The effect of AEAA (40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg) on plasma glucose levels and plasma lipid profile was investigated in normal and STZ-induced diabetic rats. The plasma glucose levels were determined after a single (6 hours) and subchronic oral administration (7 days), and plasma lipid profiles were evaluated after both acute and subchronic oral administration. Additionally, the glycogen content in the liver, extensor digitorum longus (EDL), and soleus muscles was measured using a standard method. Moreover, the aqueous extract was tested for its 1.1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical-scavenging activity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In diabetic rats, AEAA oral administration (40 mg/kg and 80 mg/kg) produced a significant decrease in blood glucose levels after 7 days of oral administration (P<0.0001). Moreover, a significant decrease in plasma triglyceride levels was reported on the last day of treatment by AEAA (80 mg/kg) (P<0.05). Furthermore, a significant decrease in total cholesterol levels was observed after 7 days of AEAA oral administration in diabetic rats (P<0.01). Moreover, a significant increase in HDL-c concentration was noted after one week of AEAA (80 mg/kg) oral administration (P<0.001). In addition, AEAA oral administration (80 mg/kg) significantly increased the glycogen content in the liver and extensor digitorum longus (P<0.05). On the other hand, qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screenings revealed the presence of various compounds, such as polyphenols, flavonoids, and tannins.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In summary, the study demonstrates that Artemisia arborescens oral administration exhibited a significant antihyperglycemic effect on diabetic rats and revealed a significant amelioration in lipid profile and glycogen content.</p>","PeriodicalId":9535,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"21 2","pages":"120-138"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9080597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Magnesium Status on Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients.","authors":"Maryam Rezaei,&nbsp;Reza Khazaei,&nbsp;Zabihullah Mohaqiq,&nbsp;Vajehallah Raeesi,&nbsp;Tahereh Farkhondeh,&nbsp;Saeed Samarghandian","doi":"10.2174/1871525720666220425120457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871525720666220425120457","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There are several controversies regarding the association between serum magnesium depletion and microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetic patients.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>Therefore, this study aimed to assess serum magnesium concentrations in Type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria and normoalbuminuria in Birjand, Iran, in 2019.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, 25 type 2 diabetes patients with microalbuminuria were enrolled as the case group and 25 type 2 diabetes patients with normoalbuminuria as the control group. Both groups were matched for age, sex, hypertension, and dyslipidemia. Blood samples were obtained for serum magnesium measurement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings showed no significant difference between serum magnesium concentration in the case and control groups (mean serum magnesium concentration for case group: 2.34 ± 0.35 mg/dl and control group: 2.27 ± 0.33 mg/dl). Pearson correlation coefficient analysis did not show any correlation between serum magnesium levels and urine albumin levels in patients with microalbuminuria versus patients with normoalbuminuria (r = 0.06, p = 0.67).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study did not indicate a correlation between serum magnesium concentrations and microalbuminuria in Type 2 diabetic patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9535,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"21 1","pages":"55-59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9233264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Circulating CCR6 Level in Acute Myocardial Infarction and its Association with Disease Severity.","authors":"Amal Elmahdy Mohamed,&nbsp;Amira Mohamed Noureldin Abdelrahman,&nbsp;Ola Samir El-Shimi,&nbsp;Ahmed Mahmoud Bendary,&nbsp;Amira Adel Sedki","doi":"10.2174/1871525721666230120160717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871525721666230120160717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute myocardial infarction (AMI) pathophysiology is mediated by systemic, intraplaque myocardial inflammatory processes that occur mainly due to coronary artery thrombosis in an atherosclerotic plaque area. The G-protein-coupled chemokine receptor (Ccr6) is displayed on the surface of many types of leukocytes, that have been found in atherosclerotic plaques. It is a novel mediator of inflammation and immune response.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To determine CCR6 lymphocyte expression in AMI patients and its association with disease severity using the Gensini scoring system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>25 AMI patients and 25 controls underwent flow cytometry to determine the percentage of circulating CCR6+ lymphocytes. To forecast AMI and determine how CCR6 expression relates to it, multivariate logistic regression analysis was used.</p><p><strong>Results and discussion: </strong>There was a higher percentage of CCR6+ lymphocyte expression in AMI patients than in controls. In addition, CCR6 showed a significant positive correlation with the Gensini score (GS) in the AMI group then with the degree of coronary artery disease (CAD).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The chemokine receptor CCR6 is an independent biomarker for AMI and mayplay a role as a mediator of T lymphocyte recruitment, which is associated with coronary lesion destabilization.</p>","PeriodicalId":9535,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"21 3","pages":"223-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9602747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Dantrolene Sodium against Digoxininduced Cardiotoxicity in Adult Rats.","authors":"Mahmoud Zardast, Kosar Behmanesh, Tahereh Farkhondeh, Babak Roshanravan, Hamed Aramjoo, Michael Aschner, Saeed Samarghandian, Zahra Kiani","doi":"10.2174/1871525721666230125091826","DOIUrl":"10.2174/1871525721666230125091826","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Digoxin poisoning commonly occurs in people treated with digoxin. It has been suggested that treatment with dantrolene may be a suitable strategy for digoxin-induced cardiotoxicity.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of dantrolene on digoxininduced cardiotoxicity in male rats.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was approved by the ethics committee of Birjand University of Medical Sciences (Ethical number: IR.BUMS.REC.1400.067). Forty-two Wistar rats weighing between 300- 350 gr were randomly allocated to 7 groups (n = 6) as follows: Normal Saline (NS) group, Normal Saline + Ethanol (NS + ETOH) group, Normal Saline + dantrolene 10 mg/kg (NS + Dan 10) group, Digoxin (Dig) group), Digoxin + dantrolene 5 mg/kg (Dig + Dan 5) group, Digoxin + dantrolene 10 mg/kg (Dig + Dan 10) group, Digoxin + dantrolene 20 mg/kg (Dig + Dan 20) group, Dig was injected intravenously at 12 mL / h (0.25 mg / mL). Dan (5, 10 and 20 mg/kg) was injected intravenously at 5-8 min/mL. After 1 hour, blood samples were obtained from the animals' cavernous sinus and each animal's heartremoved. The blood sample was rapidly centrifuged at 2,500 rpm for 10 minutes and the serum was separated for measurement of creatine phosphokinase (CPK), potassium (K), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), and magnesium (Mg). The samples were stored at -20°C. The heart samples were fixed in formalin 10% for histopathological evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>K levels slightly increased in the dig group versus the NS group. A significant increase in the K levels was observed in the Dig + Dan 20 group versus the NS group (<i>p</i> < 0.001). Dig slightly decreased Ca levels in the treated group versus the NS group. The levels of Ca significantly increased in the Dig + Dan 10 group versus the Dig group (<i>p</i> < 0.05). Histological examination of the heart tissue in the dig group showed cardiomyocyte degeneration, increased edematous intramuscular space associated with hemorrhage, and congestion. Focal inflammatory cell accumulation in the heart tissue was also seen. Cardiomyocytes were clear and arranged in good order in the Dig + Dan 10 group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>dantrolene (10 mg/kg) was cardioprotective in a model of digoxin-induced cardiotoxicity, secondary to cardiac remodeling and hyperkalemia. However, further research is necessary to determine dantrolene's cardioprotective and cardiotoxic doses in animal models.</p>","PeriodicalId":9535,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"60-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10619905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors for Bloodstream Infections in Children with Cancer: A Report from a Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit.","authors":"Athanasios Bangeas,&nbsp;Efthymia Protonotariou,&nbsp;Emmanuel Hatzipantelis,&nbsp;Maria Palabougiouki,&nbsp;Maria Ioannidou,&nbsp;Lemonia Skoura,&nbsp;Assimina Galli-Tsinopoulou,&nbsp;Athanasios Tragiannidis","doi":"10.2174/1871525721666221125093836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871525721666221125093836","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aim: </strong>Infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with haematologic malignancies and solid tumors as well as those undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The purpose of our study was to record the epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of bacteremias, focusing on pathogens, as well as risk factors and mortality rates in patients of a pediatric hematology-oncology unit from Northern Greece.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted, which included all positive blood cultures from pediatric hematology oncology patients aged from 1 to 16 years old admitted to the Pediatric and Adolescent Hematology Oncology Unit of AHEPA University Hospital of Thessaloniki between January 2014 and December 2018. Data were collected from patients' printed and electronic medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>73 episodes of bacteremias were identified (41% male and 32% female with a ratio of 1.28:1; median age 6.5 years; 13.7% solid tumor, 72.6% acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 13.7% acute myeloid leukemia, and 95.8% with an indwelling permanent catheter). 49.3% of the isolates were Gram-positive bacteria and 50.7% Gram-negative, and the ratio of Gram-negative to Grampositive was 1.02. Coagulase-negative staphylococci were most frequent (39.7%), followed by E. coli (17.8%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (17.8%). Out of all Gram-negatives, 13.5% carbapenemase producers and 8.1% ESBL-producers were found. In relation to Gram-positive, 79.3% were identified as methicillin-resistant CoNS. During the study period, 10.9% of indwelling catheters were removed, and 2.73% of episodes resulted in ICU transfer. The 3-month mortality rate was 8.2%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrated an almost equal distribution of Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteremias in total in this population but with an increase in the isolation of Grampositive bacteria over the last years, which is consistent with other similar studies in this patient group. Knowledge of the local epidemiology and bacterial antimicrobial resistance is important to prevent and timely treat these life-threatening infections in immunocompromised pediatric oncology patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":9535,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"21 3","pages":"193-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9602216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Antihypertensive Effect of Laurus nobilis in Rats.","authors":"Ismail Bouadid,&nbsp;Ayoub Amssayef,&nbsp;Mohamed Eddouks","doi":"10.2174/1871525720666220512154041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1871525720666220512154041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The study aimed to study the antihypertensive activity of Laurus nobilis.</p><p><strong>Background: </strong>Laurus nobilis L. is used to treat hypertension in Morocco.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The study was designed to investigate the effect of the aqueous extract leaves of Laurus nobilis (AELN) on blood pressure.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The antihypertensive and vasorelaxant activities of AELN were pharmacologically investigated in normotensive and L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Thereafter, blood pressure was evaluated, and the ex-vivo vasorelaxant activity of this extract was performed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A considerable decrease in blood pressure parameters were observed in L-NAMEinduced hypertensive rats treated with AELN. The extract induced a vasorelaxant effect on the aorta precontracted with epinephrine or KCl by inhibiting extracellular Ca2+ entry.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study demonstrates that Laurus nobilis aqueous extract exhibits potent antihypertensive and vasorelaxant activities via inhibiting Ca2+ entry.</p>","PeriodicalId":9535,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular and Hematological Agents in Medicinal Chemistry","volume":"21 1","pages":"42-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9217800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}