{"title":"Words That Mean Change: Paradoxical Thinking and Eco‐Efficiency in the Automotive Sector","authors":"Mauricio Marrone, Frank Figge","doi":"10.1002/bse.70231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70231","url":null,"abstract":"This study uses the automotive industry to investigate the link between paradoxical thinking language in corporate sustainability reports and companies' eco‐efficiency. We hypothesized that different types of paradoxical thinking would be associated with varying eco‐efficiency outcomes. Using ChatGPT to generate a lexicon of paradoxical terms, we analyzed sustainability reports from the automotive industry spanning 2002 to 2022, testing associations with four eco‐efficiency indicators. Our analysis reveals that paradoxical thinking matters, but different forms have varying degrees and forms of impact. Specifically, we find that cautious, conditional, and risk‐aware language correlates with higher eco‐efficiency, while growth‐focused and innovation‐oriented language correlates with lower eco‐efficiency. Companies using deliberative, uncertain language achieve superior environmental and economic balance, while those emphasizing expansion and bold innovation show weaker eco‐efficiency performance. This research suggests that specific language patterns in sustainability reports both reflect and potentially influence practical environmental outcomes, suggesting that paradoxical thinking is not uniform but varies significantly in its environmental consequences.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145134622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How Finance Leaders and Organisational Culture Influence Employees' Green Behaviour: An Exploratory Study","authors":"Dan Yang, Joseph Crawford, Dan Daugaard, Jing Jia","doi":"10.1002/bse.70217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70217","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the critical role of sustainable finance in achieving a low‐carbon economy, how green leaders and organisational culture drive meaningful sustainability change remains unclear. Drawing on social norms, social learning and social identity theories, we examined the effect of green leaders and green organisational culture on employees' green behaviour and organisational environmental sustainability. We analysed survey data from Australian finance industry employees (<jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 117) using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS‐SEM). The results suggest that leaders' environmental knowledge is a key antecedent to green transformational leadership and leaders' green behaviour. Importantly, green transformational leadership and leaders' green behaviour significantly influence green organisational culture, which further drives employees' green behaviour and organisational sustainability. Furthermore, the positive effect of leaders' green behaviour on employees' green behaviour was confirmed. The study highlights the importance of green leaders and green organisational culture for the financial sector. Practical implications are outlined for policymakers.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145127713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Orsolya‐Anna Mate, Steven James Day, Taofeeq Ibn‐Mohammed, Janet Godsell
{"title":"Logistics Service Providers' Business Models in the Circular Economy: A Systematic Literature Review and Panarchy Theory Framework","authors":"Orsolya‐Anna Mate, Steven James Day, Taofeeq Ibn‐Mohammed, Janet Godsell","doi":"10.1002/bse.70191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70191","url":null,"abstract":"Logistics service providers (LSPs) can support the transition to a circular economy (<jats:sc>CE</jats:sc>) through their visibility over and facilitation of resource flows between supply chain (SC) actors. However, the proliferation of <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc>‐related terms, compounded by a manufacturer‐centric focus on <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc> culminating in knowledge siloes that result in an overall reduction in conceptual clarity, constitutes a challenge. A further challenge is a lack of a unifying theoretical perspective, which currently impedes the consolidation of circular business models (CBMs) opportunities available to LSPs. Urgent interventions toward overcoming these two key challenges are therefore required. Accordingly, this paper systematically reviews existing academic literature (<jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 112), offering both descriptive and thematic analyses that synthesise CBMs and their applications, benefits and underlying capability requirements for LSPs. It also elucidates theoretical understanding through the novel application of a nested approach for examining the role of LSPs within the <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc>. Specifically, the adoption of the panarchy theory lens enabled the reinterpretation of insights garnered from the systematic review conducted. This yielded a new framework that incorporates three nested systems comprising the LSP, the SC and the broader logistics network, leading to propositions regarding the conditions that will enable LSPs to successfully adopt and implement CBMs. Wider practical implications and directions for future research are outlined.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The More Involvement, the Better? The Impact of Organizational Buyer Involvement on Supplier Green Product Innovation","authors":"Aihua Wu, Xiaoqing Zhai","doi":"10.1002/bse.70221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70221","url":null,"abstract":"Organizational buyer involvement in green innovation is crucial for firms' sustainable development. However, the outcomes of such involvement remain unclear because of the mixed findings in existing studies, which call for further investigations into the underlying mechanisms and boundary conditions that shape the relationship between organizational buyer involvement and green innovation performance. This study aims to fill this gap by examining if, how, and when firms can benefit from organizational buyer involvement in green innovation. The findings indicate an inverted U‐shaped relationship between them. Additionally, organizational buyer involvement also has an inverted U‐shaped relationship with the supplier's knowledge integration capacity, which positively impacts green product innovation performance. Moreover, specific investments positively moderate the nonlinear relationship between organizational buyer involvement and knowledge integration. As such, this study adds to our understanding of the effects of organizational buyer involvement on firms' green product innovation performance, shedding new insights into green innovation and B2B collaboration literature.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145116348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Castro Tavares, Miguel Alves Pereira, Ana Isabel Carvalho
{"title":"How Efficient Is the Sustainable Management of Healthcare Supply Chains of the United Nations Member States?","authors":"Maria Castro Tavares, Miguel Alves Pereira, Ana Isabel Carvalho","doi":"10.1002/bse.70208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70208","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable practices are essential for the long‐term viability of healthcare systems worldwide, making the study of healthcare supply chains crucial. This research evaluates the efficiency of sustainable healthcare supply chain management across United Nations (UN) Member States by integrating Sustainable Development Goal indicators with network Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). This methodological approach enables a detailed evaluation of efficiency by decomposing supply chains into interconnected stages, capturing the multidimensional nature of sustainability. Unlike traditional DEA models, network DEA accounts for internal interactions within supply chains, offering precise insights into inefficiencies at specific stages. The study reveals significant variability in supply chain efficiency, independent of human development levels, indicating that lower development indices do not preclude high efficiency when effective policies are implemented. Using data from the UN database, this analysis encompasses economic, environmental and social dimensions, challenging assumptions of a direct correlation between higher human development levels and supply chain efficiency. The findings highlight the importance of context‐specific strategies and provide novel insights into the drivers of efficiency, offering a robust framework for targeted improvements in global healthcare supply chains. The unexpected outperformance of some lower‐developed countries underscores the universal potential to achieve more sustainable and efficient healthcare supply chains.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eco‐Innovation as a Predictor of Ambidexterity and Performance in Small‐ and Medium‐Sized Enterprises: An Empirical Study and a New Global Perspective","authors":"Keisuke Kokubun","doi":"10.1002/bse.70227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70227","url":null,"abstract":"Amid growing concerns over global environmental degradation, “eco‐innovation”—defined as technological and nontechnological innovations that are environmentally conscious and make rational use of resources—has gained increasing attention even among small‐ and medium‐sized enterprises (SMEs). At the same time, “ambidexterity,” which refers to balancing the pursuit of novelty (exploration) with the pursuit of incremental improvement (exploitation), has also attracted scholarly interest. However, no prior research has positioned eco‐innovation as a predictor of ambidexterity. This study aims to clarify the relationships among eco‐innovation, ambidexterity, and firm performance by conducting a hierarchical multiple regression analysis using survey data from 123 Japanese manufacturing SMEs. The results indicate that eco‐innovation is positively associated with exploration, while exploitation is positively associated with performance. These findings suggest that while exploitation alone may be sufficient to achieve short‐term gains, pursuing exploration in conjunction with eco‐innovation is essential for advancing both global sustainability and firm performance. This study is the first to demonstrate, within the framework of institutional theory and resource dependence theory, that exogenously introduced eco‐innovations may trigger exploration strategies among SMEs.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Proposed Circular Economy Readiness Framework for the Rail Sector, A Literature Review and Conceptual Framework","authors":"Carl Waring, Kapila Liyanage","doi":"10.1002/bse.70207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70207","url":null,"abstract":"The circular economy (<jats:sc>CE</jats:sc>) offers a transformative approach to addressing global sustainability challenges, yet few frameworks integrate it with business strategy, systems thinking (ST) and asset management (AM), especially within critical infrastructure sectors like rail. This paper conducts a comprehensive literature review to assess existing <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc> frameworks and their application in the rail sector, exploring how these frameworks intersect with ST and AM practices. The analysis reveals significant gaps, particularly in the application of ST at a complex level necessary to drive meaningful shifts in business models and stakeholder behaviour. To address this, the paper proposes a novel Circular Economy Readiness Framework tailored to the rail industry, offering a systematic approach to transitioning from traditional, linear business models to sustainable, networked or circular practices. The framework underscores the role of AM in driving circular outcomes, aligning business strategy with long‐term economic, environmental and societal goals. This research contributes to the broader discourse on <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc> readiness by offering actionable insights for industries aiming to enhance resilience and sustainable growth.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roberta Pellegrino, Antonio Piepoli, Luigi Jesus Basile, Pierpaolo Pontrandolfo
{"title":"Can Supply Chain Integration Mitigate the Risks inherent in Circular Economy Transition?","authors":"Roberta Pellegrino, Antonio Piepoli, Luigi Jesus Basile, Pierpaolo Pontrandolfo","doi":"10.1002/bse.70224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70224","url":null,"abstract":"The Italian furniture industry increasingly adopts circular economy (<jats:sc>CE</jats:sc>) practices to address sustainability challenges. However, <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc> implementation introduces specific risks related to supply chain fragmentation, traceability issues and consumer resistance to sustainable materials. In this context, supply chain integration (SCI) emerges as a critical capability for managing complexity and uncertainty, yet its role in <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc>‐related risk mitigation remains underexplored. While prior studies have examined <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc> and supply chain risk management (SCRM) separately, few have investigated how integration across supply chain actors enables firms to manage the specific risks of circular transitions. This study employs a multiple case study approach to address this gap, analysing five Italian furniture firms with varying <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc> maturity levels. Findings show that <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc> practices, such as the reuse of materials, the refurbishment of end‐of‐life products and digitalisation, are widespread, yet uneven in their impact. Companies with more advanced SCI systems, including shared data platforms and co‐sourcing agreements, are better positioned to mitigate operational and reputational risks. In contrast, firms with limited integration face obstacles in scaling <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc> due to inefficiencies and low coordination. The study highlights SCI not only as a strategic enabler for circular adoption under uncertainty, but also as relevant for mitigating the risks associated with <jats:sc>CE</jats:sc> implementation. The findings underscore the need for supportive policy frameworks that foster supply chain integration as a means to reduce risks related to circular transitions and promote their broader adoption.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145089022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Assunta Di Vaio, Elisa Van Engelenhoven, Nicola Raimo, Antonio Garofalo
{"title":"Strategic Carbon Disclosure and Accountable Efficiency: Reporting Shipping Industry Scope 3 Emissions","authors":"Assunta Di Vaio, Elisa Van Engelenhoven, Nicola Raimo, Antonio Garofalo","doi":"10.1002/bse.70210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70210","url":null,"abstract":"Following increasing regulatory and stakeholder pressures, shipping companies are adopting carbon management strategies and sustainability reporting to align with their long‐term goals. This study investigates how global leading shipping companies integrate carbon accountable efficiency, the responsible management of emissions per output through carbon metrics in environmental reporting, into their operational and strategic practices to reduce Scope 3 emissions, encompassing indirect emissions across the value chain, and contribute to SDG7 of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. A dual‐level content analysis integrating text mining and manual coding of 171 sustainability reports published between 2018 and 2024 is conducted. Although decarbonization is prominent in company narratives, empirical research on its reporting, standardization, and company goal alignment remains limited. Results reveal varied carbon efficiency integration, focus on renewables and low‐carbon logistics, and inconsistent Scope 3 reporting, highlighting the need for standardization and the role of sustainability reporting in supporting decarbonization and SDG7–Target 7.2.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sirimon Treepongkaruna, Hue Hwa Au Yong, Khine Kyaw, Muhammad Ramzan Kalhoro
{"title":"Biodiversity Reporting and Climate Policy Uncertainty","authors":"Sirimon Treepongkaruna, Hue Hwa Au Yong, Khine Kyaw, Muhammad Ramzan Kalhoro","doi":"10.1002/bse.70226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bse.70226","url":null,"abstract":"Biodiversity plays a crucial role in green and sustainable business; however, it has received less attention than climate change. In recent times, there has been a call for greater biodiversity reporting. However, there are contrasting views on the benefits of firms' biodiversity reporting. Although biodiversity reporting can enhance public perception of firms' environmental performance, it could potentially expose them to greater regulatory scrutiny and reputational risks. Uncertainty surrounding climate policy adds to the complexity of the trade‐off of biodiversity reporting. Motivated by this debate, we test two competing hypotheses on the effect of climate policy uncertainty (CPU) on biodiversity reporting: (1) CPU drives greater biodiversity reporting (<jats:italic>CPU‐driven biodiversity reporting enhancement hypothesis</jats:italic>) versus (2) CPU drives less biodiversity reporting (<jats:italic>CPU‐driven biodiversity reporting restraint hypothesis</jats:italic>). We explore the effect of CPU on the company's biodiversity reporting for the US firm from 2002 to 2018. Consistent with legitimacy and signaling theories, we find that CPU improves the extent of biodiversity reporting by 18.7%, supporting the <jats:italic>CPU‐driven biodiversity reporting enhancement hypothesis</jats:italic>. The results show that firms are proactive in managing biodiversity risks related to regulatory uncertainty. Doing so can generate various benefits for firms, including improved reputation as well as signaling firms' preparedness to comply with upcoming biodiversity reporting regulations.","PeriodicalId":9518,"journal":{"name":"Business Strategy and The Environment","volume":"129 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":13.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145088977","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"管理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}