Canadian Journal of Animal Science最新文献_第9页

Amiata donkey body conformation, udder characteristics, and their relationship with milk yield and quality 毛驴身体形态、乳房特征及其与产奶量和品质的关系

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2023-03-29 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0130

F. Salari, I. Altomonte, C. Boselli, M. Martini

{"title":"Amiata donkey body conformation, udder characteristics, and their relationship with milk yield and quality","authors":"F. Salari, I. Altomonte, C. Boselli, M. Martini","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0130","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract To date, no selective actions have been taken to improve milk traits in dairy donkeys, and the characteristics of the udder are not well defined in relation to the productive characteristics. This study aimed at increasing knowledge on Amiata dairy donkey body conformation, udder traits, and their relationship with milk yield and quality. Morphological, udder, and teat measurements and milk evaluations of 45 pluriparous jennies were carried out. The average wither height of the jennies was 126 cm and the chest girth was 148 cm; a large standard deviation of some body measurements was found. Forty-nine percent of the animals showed a moderately developed udder, while most of the jennies had symmetrical half-udders (96%) and the intermammary cleft was clearly visible in 53% of subjects. Correlation analysis indicated that bigger animals tend to have bigger udders, higher teat diameter, and greater distance between teat tips. A positive correlation between the teat length and the milk fat was found (p < 0.01), which suggests that jennies with longer teats have a better ability to release milk fat. The results of this paper may be useful to define the characteristics of the milking device and address selective choices of the animals.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45232860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Note of appreciation 感谢信

4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0140

引用次数: 0

Farm size distribution in the Canadian livestock sector 加拿大畜牧业的农场规模分布

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2023-01-30 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0075

A. VanderZaag, S. Bittman, M. Wellisch

引用次数: 0

Thermal processing induced changes on molecular structure spectral profile of carbohydrates and ruminal degradation and intestinal digestion characteristics of oat grains (Avena sativa) in dairy cows: comparison among dry heating vs. moisture heating vs. microwave irradiation 热处理引起的奶牛碳水化合物分子结构光谱谱的变化以及燕麦颗粒（Avena sativa）的瘤胃降解和肠道消化特性：干热与湿热与微波辐射的比较

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0061

L. Prates, Carlene Nagy, P. Yu

{"title":"Thermal processing induced changes on molecular structure spectral profile of carbohydrates and ruminal degradation and intestinal digestion characteristics of oat grains (Avena sativa) in dairy cows: comparison among dry heating vs. moisture heating vs. microwave irradiation","authors":"L. Prates, Carlene Nagy, P. Yu","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0061","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this study, the objectives were to (i) identify the magnitude of differences between dry heating, moisture heating, microwave irradiation, and no-heated treatments on chemical profiles, energy values, the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System fractions, rumen degradation, and intestinal digestion of newly developed oat (Avena sativa) varieties; (ii) investigate heating induced changes in the molecular structure of the grains with the use of vibrational attenuated total reflectance–Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy; and (iii) predict rumen degradability of the nutrients based on the molecular spectral profile obtained from ATR-FTIR. Duration and temperature for each processing treatment were established based on previous studies. Results showed that heat processing treatments altered CHO fractions with undegradable CHO fraction (CC) increased by moisture heating. The ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was successful in detecting the processing induced CHO molecular structure changes in oat grain. The CHO molecular profiles were correlated to chemical profile and in situ rumen degradation characteristics. Lastly, multiple regressions with best model variable selection for prediction of nutritional value were obtained. In conclusion, heat processing methods tended to affect both energy values and rumen degradation features. The CHO molecular structure spectral profiles could be used as potential predictors for heated oat grain degradation.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45637499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of quercetin supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta bacterial count, noxious gas emission, and meat quality of broilers when fed different protein diets 添加槲皮素对不同蛋白质日粮肉鸡生长性能、养分消化率、排泄菌数、有害气体排放和肉质的影响

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2021-0122

M. Hoque, I. Kim

{"title":"Effect of quercetin supplementation on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta bacterial count, noxious gas emission, and meat quality of broilers when fed different protein diets","authors":"M. Hoque, I. Kim","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2021-0122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2021-0122","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the effect of flavonoid supplementation to a low-protein diet (LCP) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, excreta bacterial count, and excreta gas emission of broilers. In total, 800 one-day-old Ross 308 broilers (BW; 42.90±1.43g) were randomly sorted into one of the 4 dietary treatments (10 pens/treatment; 20 birds/pen). Treatment diets were high-protein diet (HCP), basal diet; LCP, basal diet−2.5% protein; TRT1, LCP+0.025% quercetin; and TRT2, LCP+0.050% quercetin. Experimental diets were provided to broilers from days8 to 35. HCP, TRT1, and TRT2 showed higher body weight gain (BWG) than the LCP group during days8–21 and in the overall experiment. However, feed conversion ratio of the HCP group was improved than that of the LCP group during days8–21 and in the overall period. The increasing level of quercetin supplementations brought a linear increase in BWG. Lactobacillus, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella counts in excreta samples of the experimental groups showed no significant difference. Flavonoid supplementation (0.050%) reduced drip loss in breast muscle more than that in the LCP group and showed a linear reduction. Through improved digestion, quercetin addition to an LCP reversed the BWG.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49235022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Reassessing cow comfort measures on Canadian dairy farms after a recommendation of improvements 在提出改进建议后，重新评估加拿大奶牛场的奶牛舒适措施

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2023-01-26 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0033

S. Palacio, A. Zambelis, S. Adam, R. Bergeron, D. Pellerin, D. Haley, T. DeVries, E. Vasseur

{"title":"Reassessing cow comfort measures on Canadian dairy farms after a recommendation of improvements","authors":"S. Palacio, A. Zambelis, S. Adam, R. Bergeron, D. Pellerin, D. Haley, T. DeVries, E. Vasseur","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In a previous study (Assessment 1), an on-farm assessment tool was used to establish a standard across 60 Quebec dairy farms using animal-, stall-, and management-based measures of cow comfort. The objective of the present follow-up study (Assessment 2) was to perform a reassessment using an identical cow comfort assessment tool on a subset of the original farms expected to benefit most from applying the recommended changes, and to determine the effects of the modifications on cow comfort. From the subsample of farms, 24 reported applying stall modifications based on recommendations from Assessment 1 with the aim of promoting cow comfort (Adopters), while the remaining 10 farms did not (Non-adopters). The assessment tool included 19 target areas, grouped into 9 critical areas based on measures of cow comfort that considered housing, feed-water, health, and welfare. The on-farm report of Assessment 1 was found to increase producer awareness of issues in cow comfort measures on farms, as shown by an improvement in stall design according to recommendations based on cow body dimensions and reduced injury prevalence. Routine reassessment of cow comfort measures may be important to use in supporting target achievement improvements as part of welfare improvement strategies.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48055259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of soybean oil plus additional forage and anabolic implant in finishing steers: feedlot performance, carcass composition, and meat quality 大豆油加额外饲料和合成代谢植入物对肥育阉牛的影响:饲养场生产性能、胴体组成和肉品质

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2023-01-12 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0060

Véronique Poulin, C. Gariépy, S. Cliché, Jocelyn Jacob, R. Gervais, P. Chouinard

{"title":"Effects of soybean oil plus additional forage and anabolic implant in finishing steers: feedlot performance, carcass composition, and meat quality","authors":"Véronique Poulin, C. Gariépy, S. Cliché, Jocelyn Jacob, R. Gervais, P. Chouinard","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0060","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract One hundred twenty crossbred steers were allotted to six weight blocks. Within each block, steers were allotted to one of four pens in a randomized complete block design (5 head per pen, 24 total pens). Treatments were low forage control diets (LFC) or high forage diets supplemented with soybean oil (HFO), without or with anabolic implant in 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. As compared with LFC, HFO reduced dry matter intake and average daily gain, without affecting the gain:feed ratio. Feeding HFO also decreased dressing yield and backfat thickness, with no impact on the longissimus dorsi area and Warner-Bratzler shear force. Meat from steers fed HFO contained greater relative proportion of cis-9, cis-12 18:2, cis-9, trans-11 18:2, and cis-9, cis-12, cis-15 18:3 as compared with LFC. Implanted steers had greater dry matter intake, average daily gain, and gain:feed ratio. Implants improved dressing yield, tended to increase the longissimus dorsi area, decreased backfat thickness, and increased meat Warner-Bratzler shear force. Meat from implanted steers contained greater relative concentration of cis-9, cis-12 18:2 and cis-9, cis-12, cis-15 18:3, without affecting cis-9, trans-11 18:2, as compared with non-implanted animals. No interaction of diet by implant was observed for these variables.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48760823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Efficacy of yeast and garlic extract mixture on growth performance, tract digestibility, excreta microbiota, gas emission, blood profile, and meat quality in broiler 酵母和大蒜提取物混合物对肉鸡生长性能、肠道消化率、排泄物微生物群、气体排放、血液特征和肉品质的影响

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0069

Sarbani Biswas, I. Kim

{"title":"Efficacy of yeast and garlic extract mixture on growth performance, tract digestibility, excreta microbiota, gas emission, blood profile, and meat quality in broiler","authors":"Sarbani Biswas, I. Kim","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0069","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This experiment was accompanied to determine the use of yeast and garlic extract mixture in broiler diets on growth performance, nutrient absorption, excreta microbiota, blood profiles, and meat quality. A total of 792 male Ross 308 broilers (1-day-old, body weight 41 ± 0.5 g, and 5 weeks trial) were randomly allocated. Birds were arbitrarily assigned to one of four nutritive treatments (11 replicates; 18 birds/replicate). A basal diet (CON) was supplemented with 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3% yeast–garlic mixture (YGM). Body weight gain linearly increased during the overall period and tended to increase from day 21 to day 35, while feed intake showed a tendency to increase during the overall period by YGM inclusion. However, Salmonella counts linearly decreased, but Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli counts remained unaffected. Excreta CO2 emissions were linearly reduced; nevertheless, other noxious gas emissions were not affected. Furthermore, YGM supplementation elicited a tendency for improved lymphocytes and linearly increased IgG. However, feed conversion ratio, mortality, nutrient utilization, and meat quality were not influenced. YGM addition (0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.3%) linearly improved broiler growth performance by decreasing microbiota and gas emission and increasing blood parameters. So, the proper dose of YGM was 0.3%.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47713537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) as a soybean meal replacement on the performance, meat quality, and blood parameters of broilers 豆粕替代品卢平对肉鸡生产性能、肉品质和血液指标的影响

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2023-01-05 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0104

C. Lim, N. Choi

{"title":"Effect of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) as a soybean meal replacement on the performance, meat quality, and blood parameters of broilers","authors":"C. Lim, N. Choi","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0104","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated the effects of dietary lupin (LP) as a replacement for soybean meal (SBM) on the performance, meat quality, and blood parameters of broilers. A total of 960 1-day-old Ross 708 broilers were divided into four dietary groups. The four diets were formulated with different levels of dehulled LP content in place of SBM; LP0: 0, LP50: 50, LP100: 100, and LP200: 200g/kg. There was a trend (P < 0.10) for reduced weight gain in the LP200 group compared with other groups. The feed conversion ratio was higher (P < 0.05) in the LP200 group than in the LP0 and LP50 groups. Concerning breast meat characteristics, the lightness color (L*) was lower (P < 0.05) in the LP200-fed group compared with the LP0 group. Polyunsaturated fatty acids were higher (P < 0.05) in LP100- and LP200-fed chickens than in LP0-fed chickens. Serum HDL cholesterol was significantly (P < 0.05) higher in the group fed LP200 compared with the groups fed LP0 and LP50. A higher serum concentration of interleukin (IL)-2 was found in groups fed LP100 and LP200 than in groups fed LP0 and LP50. Our results suggest that LP could be a dose-dependent SBM substitute, and that the optimal level of LP inclusion is approximately 100g/kg.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43952940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens fed diets containing high levels of soybean oil is affected by the source of fiber 饲喂高豆油饲粮的肉鸡营养物质消化率受到纤维来源的影响

IF 1 4区农林科学

Canadian Journal of Animal Science Pub Date : 2023-01-04 DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2022-0064

S. Faryadi, S. Lashkari, S. P. Ndou, T. Woyengo

{"title":"Nutrient digestibility in broiler chickens fed diets containing high levels of soybean oil is affected by the source of fiber","authors":"S. Faryadi, S. Lashkari, S. P. Ndou, T. Woyengo","doi":"10.1139/cjas-2022-0064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1139/cjas-2022-0064","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study evaluated the effects of including soluble and insoluble dietary fiber sources in soybean oil-containing diet for broiler chickens on coefficient of apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of amino acids, coefficient of apparent retention (AR) of nutrients, and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEn). A total of 180 broilers were divided into 30 groups and fed 3 diets from day 14 to 21 of age. The diets were corn–soybean meal containing 6.8% soybean oil without or with soybean hulls (SBH) or sugar beet pulp (SBP) at 8.0% as sources of insoluble and soluble fiber, respectively. The SBH and SBP contained 6.0% and 14.7% of soluble dietary fiber and 60.5% and 37.0% of insoluble dietary fiber, respectively. The AID of indispensable amino acids was decreased (P < 0.05) due to dietary inclusion of SBH, but not of SBP. Dietary SBH and SBP reduced the AR of gross energy (by 14% and 8%, respectively) and AMEn (by 20% and 14%, respectively). Overall, inclusion of SBH or SBP at 8.0% in a corn–soybean meal-based diet for broilers that contains high level of soybean oil might not improve nutrient digestibility. However, SBP has less detrimental effects on nutrient digestibility than SBH.","PeriodicalId":9512,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Animal Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45098051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3