Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献

{"title":"Implementing a mailed stool sample screening program in clinics providing care for an underserved Hispanic population","authors":"Nikit Venishetty ,&nbsp;Jessica Calderon-Mora ,&nbsp;Navkiran K. Shokar ,&nbsp;Pracheta Matharasi ,&nbsp;Luis Garza ,&nbsp;Celina Beltran ,&nbsp;Jennifer Molokwu","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Hispanics in the US. Despite this, Hispanics are being screened for CRC at a much lower rate than their non-Hispanic white counterparts. Implementing mailed fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) is a cost-effective intervention for increasing CRC screening rates in vulnerable populations, such as Hispanic populations in border metroplexes. We aimed to describe the effect of introductory calls coupled with mailed in-home FIT kits on CRC screening completion in two federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) in a US–Mexico border county. This was a prospective, pragmatic, two-arm intervention study with participants allocated to receive a FIT kit with a reminder call (usual care) or usual care preceded by an introductory call. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients who returned the FIT kits. Participants who returned to the FIT were primarily unemployed (54.4%), had less than a high school education (60.2%), lived in the US for at least 20 years (74.4%), and had poor self-reported health (54.4%). In addition, we observed a statistically significant increase in the absolute rate (4.5%, <em>P</em> = 0.003) of FITs returned when a mailed FIT kit was preceded by an introductory call compared with no initial call. This study demonstrated that adding an introductory phone call significantly improved the screening completion rate in a mailed-out CRC screening intervention in the US–Mexico border population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100756"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10494552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to A comparison of cancer vaccine adjuvants in clinical trials [Cancer Treatment and Research Communications Volume 34, 2023, 100667]","authors":"Marriott Morgan,&nbsp;Post Brittany,&nbsp;Chablani Lipika","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100733","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100733"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10498288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The copious capabilities of non-coding RNAs in cancer regulation, diagnosis and treatment","authors":"Aideen McCabe ,&nbsp;Oza Zaheed ,&nbsp;Magdalina Derlipanska ,&nbsp;George Merrin ,&nbsp;Kellie Dean","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Globally, cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality, accounting for 10 million deaths per year. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play integral and diverse roles in cancer, possessing the ability to both promote oncogenesis and impede tumor formation. This review discusses the various roles of microRNAs, transfer RNA-derived small RNAs, long non-coding RNAs and lncRNA-derived microproteins in cancer progression and prevention. We highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of these ncRNAs, with a particular focus on detection in liquid biopsies and targeting of ncRNAs with small inhibitory molecules. Ultimately, the biological functions of cancer-associated ncRNAs, as well as the development of ncRNA-based technologies, are compelling areas for further research, holding the possibility of revolutionizing cancer treatment and diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"37 ","pages":"Article 100768"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49674551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysplasia at surgical margins could act as a putative histological marker for malignization","authors":"Rahul Anand,&nbsp;Gargi Sarode,&nbsp;Sachin Sarode","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100680","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"34 ","pages":"Article 100680"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9196454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the management of colorectal cancer in low- and middle-income countries","authors":"Shah Zeb Khan ,&nbsp;Csongor György Lengyel","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>This narrative review aims to describe colorectal cancer (CRC) management landscape in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), presenting the most recent and relevant papers on the topic. As a secondary aim, the authors suggest new ways of improving CRC patient care in LMICs.</p></div><div><h3>Background</h3><p>Several studies show that the incidence of colon cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is rising. In addition to the increasing incidence, lack of early detection and impeded access to optimal multidisciplinary treatment may worsen survival outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Developing quality diagnostic services in the proper health context is crucial for early diagnosis and successful therapy of CRC patients, and applying a resource-sensitive approach to prioritize essential treatments based on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness is key to overcoming barriers in LMICs, with clinical research collaborations between high-income countries (HICs) and LMICs being a helpful strategy to improve health indicators and prevent the burnout of health workers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100705"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9467100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival outcomes and predicting intracranial metastasis in stage III non-small cell lung cancer treated with definitive chemoradiation: Real-world data from a tertiary cancer center","authors":"Stephane Thibodeau ,&nbsp;Mahbuba Meem ,&nbsp;Wilma Hopman ,&nbsp;Simran Sandhu ,&nbsp;Osbert Zalay ,&nbsp;Andrea S. Fung ,&nbsp;Adi Kartolo ,&nbsp;Geneviève C. Digby ,&nbsp;Shahad Al-Ghamdi ,&nbsp;Andrew Robinson ,&nbsp;Allison Ashworth ,&nbsp;Timothy Owen ,&nbsp;Aamer Mahmud ,&nbsp;Kit Tam ,&nbsp;Timothy Olding ,&nbsp;Fabio Ynoe de Moraes","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose/Objective</h3><p>Around 30% of patients with non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are diagnosed with stage III disease at presentation, of which about 50% are treated with definitive chemoradiation (CRT). Around 65–80% of patients will eventually develop intracranial metastases (IM), though associated risk factors are not clearly described. We report survival outcomes and risk factors for development of IM in a cohort of patients with stage III NSCLC treated with CRT at a tertiary cancer center.</p></div><div><h3>Materials/Methods</h3><p>We identified 195 patients with stage III NSCLC treated with CRT from January 2010 to May 2021. Multivariable logistic regression was used to generate odds ratios for covariates associated with development of IM. Kaplan-Meier analysis with the Log Rank test was used for unadjusted time-to-event analyses. <em>P</em>-value for statistical significance was set at &lt; 0.05 with a two-sided test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 195 patients, 108 (55.4%) had stage IIIA disease and 103 (52.8%) had adenocarcinoma histology. The median age and follow-up (in months) was 67 (IQR 60–74) and 21 (IQR 12–43), respectively. The dose of radiation was 60 Gy in 30 fractions for148 patients (75.9%). Of the 77 patients who received treatment since immunotherapy was available and standard at our cancer center, 45 (58.4%) received at least one cycle. During follow-up, 84 patients (43.1%) developed any metastasis, and 33 (16.9%) developed IM (either alone or with extracranial metastasis). 150 patients (76.9%) experienced a treatment delay (interval between diagnosis and treatment &gt; 4 weeks). Factors associated with developing any metastasis included higher overall stage at diagnosis (<em>p</em> = 0.013) and higher prescribed dose (<em>p</em> = 0.022). Factors associated with developing IM included higher ratio of involved over sampled lymph nodes (<em>p</em> = 0.001) and receipt of pre-CRT systemic or radiotherapy for any reason (<em>p</em> = 0.034). On multivariate logistical regression, treatment delay (OR 3.9, <em>p</em> = 0.036) and overall stage at diagnosis (IIIA vs. IIIB/IIIC) (OR 2.8, <em>p</em> = 0.02) predicted development of IM. These findings were sustained on sensitivity analysis using different delay intervals. Median OS was not reached for the overall cohort, and was 43.1 months for patients with IM and 40.3 months in those with extracranial-only metastasis (<em>p</em> = 0.968). In patients with any metastasis, median OS was longer (<em>p</em> = 0.003) for those who experienced a treatment delay (48.4 months) compared to those that did not (12.2 months), likely due to expedited diagnosis and treatment in patients with a higher symptom burden secondary to more advanced disease.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In patients with stage III NSCLC treated with definitive CRT, the risk of IM appears to increase with overall stage at diagnosis and, importantly, may be associated with experiencing a","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100747"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10548681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granular cell tumors of the urethra","authors":"Konstantinos Evmorfopoulos ,&nbsp;Vassilios Tzortzis ,&nbsp;Panagiotis J. Vlachostergios","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are a rare type of mesenchymal tumors that are histologically derived by Schwann cells and rise within soft tissues such as skin and mucosal surfaces. Differentiation between benign and malignant GCTs is often difficult and relies on their biological behavior and metastatic potential. While there are no standard guidelines for management, upfront surgical resection, whenever feasible, is key as a definitive measure. Systemic therapy is often limited by poor chemosensitivity of these tumors; however, accumulating knowledge of their underlying genomic landscape has opened some opportunities for targeted approaches, for example, the vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitor pazopanib, which is already in clinical use for the treatment of many types of advanced soft tissue sarcomas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"35 ","pages":"Article 100695"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9478179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High tumor mutation burden (TMB) in microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancers: Diverse molecular associations point to variable pathophysiology","authors":"Ioannis A. Voutsadakis","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Colorectal cancers with defects in the Mismatch Repair (MMR) system represent a minority of the disease. MMR defective cancers are characterized by high Tumor Mutation Burden (TMB) and are sensitive to immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. In contrast, the majority of colorectal cancers are MMR proficient (Microsatellite Stable, MSS) and display a low TMB. However, a few of these MSS cancers have high TMB.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Published genomic studies of colorectal cancers were examined to identify cases profiled as MSS and having a TMB above 10 mutations / Mb. Data from four studies detailed in the cBioportal for cancer genomics site and providing data on MSI status were examined.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the MSK study of metastatic colorectal cancers, 7.5% of patients with MSS tumors had a high TMB of more than 10 mutations/ Mb. The MSK study of localized rectal cancers showed that 9.5% of patients with MSS tumors had a high TMB. The DFCI cohort included 10 patients with TMB above 10 mutations/ Mb characterized as MSS and not having MMR or proofreading polymerases mutations. Mutations in genes encoding for proteins of the KRAS pathways were more frequent in MSS tumors with high TMB than in counterparts with low TMB. Moreover, genes involved in DNA damage response and in epigenetic regulations were more frequently mutated in MSS colorectal cancers with high TMB.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Alterations of the KRAS signal transduction pathways, DDR gene mutations and epigenetic modifier mutations may contribute to increase mutation burden in subsets of MSS colorectal cancers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100746"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10167932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pharmaceutical industry funding and chemotherapy trials for prostate cancer: A systematic review","authors":"Amirreza Heydari ,&nbsp;Behnam Shakiba ,&nbsp;Asaad Moradi ,&nbsp;Saeed Esmaeil Soofian ,&nbsp;Nasrollah Abian ,&nbsp;Kazem Heidari ,&nbsp;Robab Maghsoudi","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100739","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100739","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Clinical trials are increasingly supported by industries while previous studies have shown that industry-supported studies have more favorable results than studies with other sources of funding. In the present study, we investigated the association of industrial funding on the results of clinical trials regarding chemotherapy in prostate cancer.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic literature search was performed in the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, and EMBASE to identify clinical trials comparing chemotherapy with treatments such as hormone therapy, surgery, radiotherapy, and placebo in patients with metastatic or non-metastatic prostate cancer. Data were extracted by two reviewers on the financial resources and the positive or negative results of chemotherapy in each study. The quality of articles was evaluated and compared based on Cochrane Critical Appraisal Tool. The trials were divided into two groups; industry funded and those not funded by industry. Association of industry funding and positive outcome was presented as odds ratio.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, out of the 91 studies, 80.2% were funded by pharmaceutical companies and 19.8% were funded by government agencies. The end result of 61.6% of the studies funded by pharmaceutical companies was an increase in survival due to chemotherapy, whereas only 27.8% of the studies sponsored by government agencies reported positive results (P-value=0.010). In fact, industry-funded trials more often presented statistically significant positive results for survival (OR: 4.17; CI, 1.34–12.99). In general, there was no significant difference in the degree of bias between the two groups.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>According to this study, despite of the similar quality of studies funded by pharmaceutical companies and government agencies, positive results were more common in studies related to pharmaceutical companies. Therefore, this point should be taken into account when making a decision on the best treatment approach.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100739"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10175134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical outcomes of stage-IV non–small-cell lung cancer in young patients and the impact of tumor markers","authors":"Pedro Augusto Reck dos Santos ,&nbsp;Yalun Li ,&nbsp;Vinicius Ernani ,&nbsp;Jonathan D'Cunha ,&nbsp;Marie-Christine Aubry ,&nbsp;Ping Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100723","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100723","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) diagnosed at a younger age have patterns of care, responses to treatment, and outcomes not entirely clear. A particular feature includes more advanced stages at diagnosis. Our objective was to characterize these young patients with advanced disease and evaluate the impact of targeted therapies.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Analyzing our cohort of 18,252 newly diagnosed NSCLC patients, we defined Young-age versus Norm-age based on the age distribution at the time of diagnosis. Stage-IV patients were investigated on their clinical information and outcomes; deaths were considered lung cancer-related. Primary outcome was overall survival (OS). Multivariate Cox models were built to evaluate independent prognostic factors in comparative age groups.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We found 4,267 patients with stage-IV NSCLC (359 Young-age; 3,908 Norm-age). Young patients had predominance of females (52.6% vs. 43.3%, <em>P</em> = 0.001), never-smokers (43.2% vs. 14.8%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001), and adenocarcinoma (73.5% vs. 62.5%, <em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Mean OS was 21.1 months in the Young and 15.1 months in Norm, respectively (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.001). Young patients were more often treated with surgery (6.7% vs. 5.0%), chemotherapy (53.2% vs. 44.1%), and targeted therapy (10.6% vs. 5.7%). Molecular studies were assessed in patients when the mutation tests became clinically available (93 Young, 875 Norm) and revealed a critical role of targeted therapy in the improved survival of both age groups.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>Young patients with stage-IV NSCLC have a specific profile and benefit more when treated with surgery and targeted therapy. Molecular testing is critical in this population, where improved survival was identified. A more aggressive approach to this population needs to be considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"36 ","pages":"Article 100723"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10176107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}