Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献

{"title":"Advancements in nasopharyngeal carcinoma radiotherapy: Dosimetric evaluation of arc therapy with hippocampal sparing","authors":"Fadila Kouhen ,&nbsp;Malak Chahid ,&nbsp;Hanae El Gouache ,&nbsp;Nadia Errafiy ,&nbsp;Abdelhak Maghous","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100983","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100983","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is located near critical structures like the hippocampus, essential for memory and cognitive function. While Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) has improved dose conformity in NPC treatment, the integration of hippocampal-sparing (HS) approaches remains underexplored. This study evaluates the dosimetric feasibility and effectiveness of hippocampal-sparing VMAT (HS-VMAT) in NPC, focusing on reducing radiation exposure to the hippocampus while maintaining target volume coverage.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 20 NPC patients treated at Cheikh Khalifa International University Hospital between 2020 and 2023. Each patient underwent two radiotherapy plans: one with hippocampal sparing and one without. Dosimetric parameters for planning target volumes (PTVs) and organs at risk (OARs) were analyzed. Independent samples <em>t</em>-tests were used for statistical analysis with a significance level of <em>p</em> &lt; 0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>For the high-risk PTV (PTV HR), there were no significant differences in maximum dose (D2 %) between HS and non-HS groups (71.71 ± 0.23 Gy vs. 71.65 ± 0.11 Gy; <em>p</em> = 0.298). The minimum doses (D95 %, D98 %) and mean dose (Dmean) were slightly lower in the HS group, though not statistically significant. For intermediate- and low-risk PTVs, dose metrics remained similar across groups. Hippocampal sparing significantly reduced doses to the hippocampus. The minimum dose (Dmin) decreased from 5.87 ± 2.06 Gy to 3.93 ± 0.45 Gy (<em>p</em> = 0.001), and the maximum dose (Dmax) decreased from 10.73 ± 3.62 Gy to 7.40 ± 1.25 Gy (<em>p</em> = 0.001). Radiation doses to critical structures were also reduced. The brainstem Dmax decreased from 35.68 ± 5.31 Gy to 30.12 ± 4.71 Gy (<em>p</em> = 0.001), and the left parotid gland Dmoy decreased from 21.38 ± 5.38 Gy to 18.32 ± 2.53 Gy (<em>p</em> = 0.029).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>HS-VMAT for NPC effectively reduces hippocampal and critical structure radiation doses without compromising target volume coverage. This technique offers a feasible approach to minimize neurocognitive risks while maintaining treatment efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 100983"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144921814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of efficacy, safety, and prognostic/predictive factors of nintedanib/docetaxel in advanced/recurrent non–small cell lung cancer post-immunotherapy and chemotherapy: A Galician Lung Cancer Group study","authors":"Natalia Fernández Núñez ,&nbsp;Martín Lázaro Quintela ,&nbsp;Jorge García González ,&nbsp;Francisco Javier Afonso Afonso ,&nbsp;María Carmen Areses Manrique ,&nbsp;Cristina Azpitarte Raposeiras ,&nbsp;Joaquin Mosquera Martinez ,&nbsp;Lucia Santomé Couto","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who progress after chemotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) need effective second-line treatments. The combination of nintedanib and docetaxel has shown promise, particularly post-ICI progression. This study evaluates the efficacy, safety, and prognostic factors of this regimen in a cohort from the Galician Lung Cancer Group.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>This observational, multicenter, retrospective study included 45 patients with advanced or metastatic NSCLC who had progressed after at least one line of immunotherapy and chemotherapy. All received nintedanib and docetaxel. Overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and adverse events were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age was 61 years, with 69 % male. The disease control rate was 59.1 % in the second line and 37 % in the third line. Median OS was 20 months (95 % CI: 15–25). Subgroup analysis showed that elevated LDH levels (&gt;246 UI/L) were associated with improved OS (HR = 0.38; 95 % CI: 0.18–0.77). High PD-L1 expression (≥50 %) was linked to longer survival (HR: 0.48; 95 % CI: 0.18– 1.25), while active smoking correlated with worse outcomes (HR: 1.06; 95 % CI: 0.40–2.78). Grade ≥3 toxicities included diarrhea (6.7 %), hematologic toxicity (13.3 %), hepatic toxicity (4.5 %), and vomiting (2.2 %).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Nintedanib and docetaxel demonstrated meaningful efficacy and an acceptable safety profile in advanced NSCLC after immunotherapy and chemotherapy failure. LDH, PD-L1, and smoking status emerged as important prognostic factors, warranting further prospective studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100963"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144665955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Central obesity increases the risk of breast cancer irrespective of menopausal status in women: Systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Aboma Motuma ,&nbsp;Ibsa Mussa ,&nbsp;Alemayehu Deressa ,&nbsp;Lemma Demissie Regassa ,&nbsp;Abdi Birhanu","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The incidence of breast cancer increased over the last few decades, however, it is less known about the relationship between central obesity and breast cancer incidence irrespective menopause. Given the increase in the incidence of breast cancer during the past decades, several studies have investigated the effects of variables body mass index on breast cancer, especially obesity. However, this meta-analysis aims to address the relationship between central obesity and risk of pre and postmenopausal breast cancer regardless of the age.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A full electronic search of the Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, Excerpta Medicine Database (Embase), PubMed, Google Scholar, MESH Medline, and Cancer Literature databases was conducted from 2016 to 2023. The study followed the PRISMA Statement for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses protocol. The relevant cohort and case-control studies were screened by two reviewers independently. The data were extracted using Microsoft Excel and analyzed using STATA version 17. Publication bias was detected using a funnel plot, with a p value &lt;0.05 indicate potential publication bias. The I² test was used to assess the heterogeneity of the studies. The overall estimates with a 95 % confidence interval were estimated using a random effect model analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of eight studies with 135,876 women participants were included in this study. The heterogeneity of the studies I² test was 87.1 %. The overall pooled results, women who presented with central obesity was 2.4 times more likely to develop breast cancer than those who had no history of central obesity (AOR=2.4, 95 % CI; 1.35–4.27).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study revealed that central obesity is a risk factor of breast cancer. Interventions should be implement to reduce progression of breast cancer through lifestyle change. This study emphasises the need for breast cancer screening and treatment in individuals with central obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100965"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144695315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized controlled trial comparing large versus small stitch incision closure in gynaecological malignancies (CLaSSIC Study)","authors":"Priya Bhati ,&nbsp;Monal Garg ,&nbsp;Saumya Gupta ,&nbsp;Hawwa Hana ,&nbsp;Anandita Anandita ,&nbsp;Sheejamol V S","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100987","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100987","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The study aimed to compare Small Stitch Closure (SSC) and Large Stitch Closure (LSC) techniques for reducing incisional ventral hernia (IVH) and surgical site infection (SSI) rates in gynaecological malignancies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a single-blind, randomised controlled trial at our gynaecological oncology department. Patients aged ≥18 years scheduled for elective oncological surgery with midline laparotomy were randomly assigned to receive small stitches of 5 mm every 5 mm or large stitches of 1 cm every 1 cm.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Between March 1, 2022, and August 13, 2023, 218 patients were randomly assigned to either the LSC group (<em>n</em> = 110) or the SSC group (<em>n</em> = 108). Follow-up ended on August 20, 2024, with 213 patients completing it. After one year, the SSC group had significantly lower rates of IVH at 3.7 % compared to 12.1 % for the LSC group (<em>p</em> = 0.02); this difference remained significant in multivariate analysis (<em>p</em> = 0.04, OR: 5.78). SSI rates were similar, with the LSC group at 2.8 % and the SSC group at 3.5 % (<em>p</em> = 0.11). In the multivariate analysis, preoperative chemotherapy was significantly associated with IVH (<em>p</em> = 0.04, OR: 3.83), while a postoperative hospital stay of 72 h or more increased the risk of SSI (<em>p</em> = 0.02, OR: 11.51).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>LSC was associated with a significantly higher rate of IVH compared to SSC, while SSI rates were similar between both groups. Preoperative chemotherapy was a key factor influencing IVH, and a longer postoperative hospital stay led to increased SSI rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"45 ","pages":"Article 100987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144989303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative smart biosensors for cancer theranostics: A new frontier in detection, diagnosis, and beyond","authors":"Archna Dhasmana ,&nbsp;Ayushi Santhanam ,&nbsp;Khushi Dhasmana ,&nbsp;Sumira Malik ,&nbsp;Subham Preetam","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100911","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100911","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer is still a major health concern worldwide, requiring ongoing improvements in methods of diagnosis and treatment. During the past decade, smart biosensors have become essential instruments in cancer theranostics, improving diagnosis accuracy, tracking treatment efficacy, and customizing patient care. This review thoroughly investigates how smart biosensors have revolutionized the field of cancer. The potential of major technical advancements, such as wearable technology, microfluidic platforms, and sensors based on nanomaterials to identify cancer biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity is investigated. A detailed discussion is held regarding clinical applications that include early diagnosis, real-time monitoring of therapy responses, and support for personalized medicine techniques. Future directions targeted at optimizing the therapeutic utility of smart biosensors in oncology are also examined, along with issues pertaining to regulatory routes and clinical translation hurdles. This study highlights the potential of smart biosensors to transform cancer treatment, bringing in a new era of precision medicine and better patient outcomes by combining insights from multiple viewpoints.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100911"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deterioration of performance status before administration of chemotherapy as a prognostic factor in untreated advanced non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Kenju Ando,&nbsp;Hirotsugu Kenmotsu,&nbsp;Yuichiro Nishibori,&nbsp;Akiko Tamura,&nbsp;Suguru Matsuda,&nbsp;Meiko Morita,&nbsp;Motoki Sekikawa,&nbsp;Kosei Doshita,&nbsp;Keita Miura,&nbsp;Hiroaki Kodama,&nbsp;Michitoshi Yabe,&nbsp;Noboru Morikawa,&nbsp;Yuko Iida,&nbsp;Nobuaki Mamesaya,&nbsp;Haruki Kobayashi,&nbsp;Ryo Ko,&nbsp;Kazushige Wakuda,&nbsp;Akira Ono,&nbsp;Tateaki Naito,&nbsp;Haruyasu Murakami,&nbsp;Toshiaki Takahashi","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The prognostic impact of changes in performance status (PS) of untreated patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are not clear. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic impact of acute PS deterioration in patients with untreated advanced NSCLC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study is a single center, retrospective, observational study. Patients with Stage IV NSCLC who were referred to our institution between January 2018 and March 2023 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients were divided into three groups: 1) patients with PS 0 or 1 at referral and the start of chemotherapy; 2) patients with PS 2 or worse at initial referral and the start of chemotherapy; and 3) patients with PS 0 or 1 at referral that deteriorated to PS 2 or worse at the start of chemotherapy. The prognoses of Groups 2 and 3 were compared with those of Group 1.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 373 patients were included: 321 in Group 1, 20 in Group 2, and 32 in Group 3. The median overall survival (OS) of Group 3 was shorter than that of Group 1 (9.3 vs. 27.1 months, hazard ratio [HR] 2.56, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01). The median OS of Group 2 was also shorter than that of Group 1, although not as significant as in Group 3 (20.2 vs. 27.1 months, HR 1.68, <em>p</em> = 0.06). After adjusting for symptoms, liver and pericardial metastases were associated with PS deterioration in multivariate analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Among patients with untreated advanced NSCLC, acute PS deterioration before chemotherapy administration was associated with poor prognosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100915"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143725013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"HOXB and HOXD genes contribute to the carcinogenic processes in glioblastoma: evidence form a bioinformatics analysis","authors":"Mohsen Ahmadi ,&nbsp;Maryam Bazrgar ,&nbsp;Saeedeh Akhavan ,&nbsp;Mohadeseh Fathi ,&nbsp;Pegah Mousavi ,&nbsp;Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100923","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100923","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>Glioblastoma is an aggressive cancer that affects the brain. The <em>Homeobox B</em> and <em>D</em> (<em>HOXB/D</em>) family has been linked to tumor progression, but their exact mechanism remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Material and methods</h3><div>This study aimed to identify critical <em>HOXB/D</em> family members associated with glioblastoma and analyze their expression in glioblastoma using the GEPIA2 database. The study also assessed genetic alterations, their related transcription factors, miRNAs, gene-gene interactions, and correlations between their expression and immune infiltration using databases like cBioPortal, miRNet, GeneMANIA, and GSCA.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We showed that <em>HOXB2/3/7</em> and <em>HOXD3/8/9/10/11/13</em> expression was higher in glioblastoma samples compared to normal samples. Increased expression of <em>HOXB2/5/8/9/13</em> was associated with negative effects on overall survival (OS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and progression-free survival (PFS), while overexpression of <em>HOXB2/5/9</em> was linked to inferior PFS. Heightened levels of <em>HOXD4/9, HOXD9/11</em>, and <em>HOXD9/10/11</em> expression in glioblastoma patients were correlated with unfavorable outcomes in terms of OS, DSS, and PFS. <em>HOXB/D</em> genes were related to 20 different genes, mainly enriched in the Activation of <em>HOX</em> Genes During Differentiation R-HSA-5619507 pathway. Immune cells were linked to specific genes in glioblastoma, with <em>HOXB2</em> and <em>HOXD3</em> expression potentially causing resistance to Methotrexate and Z-LLNle-CHO, <em>HOXB7</em> indicating sensitivity to Lapatinib but resistance to 18 other small molecules, <em>HOXD8</em> leading to resistance against 5 small molecules, and upregulated <em>HOXD9, HOXD10</em>, and <em>HOXD13</em> suggesting sensitivity to 2, 4, and 9 small molecules, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Taken together, we showed contribution of <em>HOXB</em> and <em>HOXD</em> genes in the carcinogenic processes and proposed them as possible targets for treatment options.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100923"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observation of acute toxicity events in lung cancer patients treated concurrently with a tyrosine kinase inhibitor","authors":"Garrett K Harada ,&nbsp;Eric Ku ,&nbsp;Akul Munjal ,&nbsp;John Yeakel ,&nbsp;Shuaib Juma ,&nbsp;Peter Maxim ,&nbsp;Steven Seyedin ,&nbsp;Misako Nagasaka ,&nbsp;Allen Chen ,&nbsp;Jeremy Harris","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100947","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) have led to improvements in the management of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), though toxicity profiles of combined TKI and radiation therapies remains unclear. We set out to determine if concurrent TKI therapy increases risk for acute esophageal or pulmonary toxicity following thoracic radiation.</div></div><div><h3>Materials &amp; methods</h3><div>We performed a retrospective study of patients receiving thoracic radiation for NSCLC from March 2011–December 2021. Concurrent TKI use included drug use within three months of radiation. Patients receiving concurrent therapy were compared to those receiving radiation alone for CTCAE acute toxicity within 12 months of radiation. Probit models were generated to derive normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) curves for toxicity outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>95 patients received lung radiation with a median follow-up of 12 months (range=5–114 months) of which 15.8 % (<em>n</em> = 15/95) patients received concurrent TKI. The rate of grade 2–3 acute esophagitis was 21.3 % (17/80) and 53.3 % (8/15) for patients receiving radiotherapy without and with concurrent TKI, respectively (<em>p</em> = 0.010). Concurrent TKI use was associated with more grade 2–3 esophagitis (OR=4.24, 95 % CI=1.34–3.34, <em>p</em> = 0.014). NTCP analysis showed concurrent TKI was associated with lower TD50 values for all dosimetric constraints for ≥ grade 2 esophagitis. There were no differences in pulmonary toxicity.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Concurrent TKI therapy may contribute to radiosensitization of the esophagus during thoracic radiotherapy. However, there were no grade 4–5 toxicity outcomes, suggesting feasibility of this approach. Further investigation is warranted to determine potential complications and identify approaches to mitigate risk in multimodality therapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144147731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of immune-related adverse events under PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors: Insights from a Moroccan real-world experience","authors":"Inès Cherradi ,&nbsp;Mohamed Ichou ,&nbsp;Mohammed Squalli Houssaini ,&nbsp;Nabil Ismaili","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100978","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100978","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>PD-1 and PD-L1 inhibitors, including pembrolizumab and atezolizumab, have improved survival outcomes in several malignancies. However, their use is frequently associated with immune-related adverse events (irAEs), which can pose management challenges, particularly in resource-limited settings like Morocco where real-world data remain scarce.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To characterize the incidence, spectrum, and severity of irAEs among Moroccan patients treated with pembrolizumab or atezolizumab, and to assess management approaches in light of ASCO and ESMO guidelines.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective multicenter analysis between January 2018 and July 2024, involving 31 patients receiving Pembrolizumab or Atezolizumab. Clinical data were collected from patient records and assessed according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v5.0.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 31 patients included, 13 (41.9%) developed at least one immune-related adverse event (irAE), for a total of 15 events. The majority of irAEs were endocrine (16.1%), pulmonary (12.5%), cutaneous (12.5%), and gastrointestinal (6.5%). Most toxicities were grade 1-2, while 2 patients developed severe grade 3 pneumonitis and colitis, requiring hospitalization. Management was based primarily on corticosteroid therapy and supportive care. Importantly, irAEs led to temporary treatment interruption in 5 patients (16.1%) and definitive discontinuation in 2 patients (6.5%). Most patients achieved favorable clinical improvement following appropriate irAE management.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Early recognition and management of irAEs are essential to minimize complications and optimize outcomes. This study highlights the need for standardized protocols and enhanced monitoring in the Moroccan context.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144828968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapy gone viral: Exploring the use of oncolytic viruses in non-small cell lung cancer immunotherapy","authors":"Jemima Steele ,&nbsp;Emma Taylor ,&nbsp;Sawsan Khuri ,&nbsp;Annwyne Houldsworth","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Non-small cell lung cancer is a significant cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Current treatment modalities for advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer can be intrusive, with limited efficacy and unfavourable side effect profiles. However, oncolytic viruses can be used to specifically target and kill cancer cells. These viruses cause cancer cells to self-destruct and trigger the body's immune response against the cancer. Many preclinical studies observed activation of an immune response, resulting in decreased tumour mass. However, translating these preclinical results to clinical studies has proved challenging. These treatments have shown improved side effect profiles in clinical trials, but many have failed to show statistical significance for improved efficacy. The primary objective of this review was to critically appraise studies to assess the potential benefits and clinical applications of oncolytic viral therapy to treat non-small cell lung cancer. Secondary aims included evaluating optimal delivery methods and considering adjuvant cancer therapies. Collaborative efforts and clinical trials are essential to optimise oncolytic virus combination therapies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100971"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}