Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献

{"title":"Real-world comparison of survival outcomes with cisplatin versus carboplatin in patients with limited-stage small-cell lung cancer","authors":"Shashank Sama ,&nbsp;Kathleen Kerrigan ,&nbsp;Jennifer A. Sinnott ,&nbsp;Sonam Puri ,&nbsp;Wallace Akerley ,&nbsp;Benjamin Haaland ,&nbsp;Shiven Patel","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100686","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100686","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>Limited-stage small-cell lung cancer (LS-SCLC) is potentially curable with concurrent chemoradiation (CRT). Cisplatin is the preferred platinum for the chemotherapy backbone in national guidelines. Unfortunately, many LS-SCLC patients are elderly, with comorbidities and poor performance status (PS), which preclude the use of cisplatin. Carboplatin may be a suitable alternative. This analysis evaluates the overall survival (OS) and time to next treatment (TTNT) in LS-SCLC patients receiving concurrent CRT by platinum use.</p></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><p>The study included LS-SCLC patients in the Flatiron Health nationwide de-identified electronic health record-derived database who received CRT in 2013–2019 with follow-up through May 2020. TTNT and OS were compared using both unadjusted and inverse propensity-weighted Cox proportional hazards models.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>This study included patients treated with carboplatin (<em>n</em> = 600) or cisplatin (<em>n</em> = 572) in combination with etoposide and radiation. Cisplatin patients were younger, had a shorter time from diagnosis to radiation, and had less kidney disease. In an unadjusted analysis, median overall survival (mOS) was greater in the cisplatin group than the carboplatin group with mOS of 22.3 months vs. 19.2 months and Hazard Ratio (HR) of 0.83 (<em>p</em> = 0.01). In the inverse propensity-weighted analysis, this difference was no longer significant (HR 0.93, <em>p</em> = 0.37). No differences were seen in TTNT.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>When balancing on key clinical factors, we observed no statistical difference in OS or TTNT by platinum choice in real-world LS-SCLC patients treated with CRT.  Although observational, the results from this large data set are consistent with the hypothesis that either cisplatin or carboplatin is an appropriate therapy regardless of health status.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9842766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic significance of CDK6 amplification in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","authors":"Kun Liu ,&nbsp;Huadong Lu ,&nbsp;Dongxian Jiang ,&nbsp;Yingying Guan ,&nbsp;Huijuan Xu ,&nbsp;Qi Sun ,&nbsp;Qiuli Jiang ,&nbsp;Jingmei Zheng ,&nbsp;Huan Chen ,&nbsp;Fuhan Zhang ,&nbsp;Ruichen Luo ,&nbsp;Ying Huang ,&nbsp;Jianfang Xu ,&nbsp;Yingyong Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100698","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100698","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dysregulation of CDK6 plays crucial roles in the carcinogenesis of many kinds of human malignancies. However, the role of CDK6 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is not well known. We investigated the frequency and prognostic value of CDK6 amplification to improve the risk stratification in patients with ESCC. Pan-cancer analysis of CDK6 was conducted on The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. CDK6 amplification was detected in 502 ESCC samples by Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) through tissue microarrays (TMA). Pan-cancer analysis revealed that CDK6 mRNA level was much higher in multiple kinds of cancers and higher CDK6 mRNA level indicated a better prognosis in ESCC. In this study, CDK6 amplification was detected in 27.5% (138/502) of patients with ESCC. CDK6 amplification was significantly correlated with tumor size (<em>p</em> = 0.044). Patients with CDK6 amplification tended to have a longer disease-free survival (DFS) (<em>p</em> = 0.228) and overall survival (OS) (<em>p</em> = 0.200) compared with patients without CDK6 amplification but of no significance. When further divided into I–II and III–IV stage, CDK6 amplification was significantly associated with longer DFS and OS in III-IV stage group (DFS, <em>p</em> = 0.036; OS, <em>p</em> = 0.022) rather than in I-II stage group (DFS, <em>p</em> = 0.776; OS, <em>p</em> = 0.611). On univariate and multivariate analysis of Cox hazard model, differentiation, vessel invasion, nerve invasion, invasive depth, lymph node metastasis and clinical stage were significantly associated with DFS and OS. Moreover, invasion depth was an independent factor for ESCC prognosis. Taken together, for ESCC patients in III-IV stage, CDK6 amplification indicated a better prognosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9914459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementing a mailed stool sample screening program in clinics providing care for an underserved Hispanic population","authors":"Nikit Venishetty ,&nbsp;Jessica Calderon-Mora ,&nbsp;Navkiran K. Shokar ,&nbsp;Pracheta Matharasi ,&nbsp;Luis Garza ,&nbsp;Celina Beltran ,&nbsp;Jennifer Molokwu","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100756","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100756","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Hispanics in the US. Despite this, Hispanics are being screened for CRC at a much lower rate than their non-Hispanic white counterparts. Implementing mailed fecal immunochemical tests (FITs) is a cost-effective intervention for increasing CRC screening rates in vulnerable populations, such as Hispanic populations in border metroplexes. We aimed to describe the effect of introductory calls coupled with mailed in-home FIT kits on CRC screening completion in two federally qualified health centers (FQHCs) in a US–Mexico border county. This was a prospective, pragmatic, two-arm intervention study with participants allocated to receive a FIT kit with a reminder call (usual care) or usual care preceded by an introductory call. The primary outcome was the percentage of patients who returned the FIT kits. Participants who returned to the FIT were primarily unemployed (54.4%), had less than a high school education (60.2%), lived in the US for at least 20 years (74.4%), and had poor self-reported health (54.4%). In addition, we observed a statistically significant increase in the absolute rate (4.5%, <em>P</em> = 0.003) of FITs returned when a mailed FIT kit was preceded by an introductory call compared with no initial call. This study demonstrated that adding an introductory phone call significantly improved the screening completion rate in a mailed-out CRC screening intervention in the US–Mexico border population.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10494552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum to A comparison of cancer vaccine adjuvants in clinical trials [Cancer Treatment and Research Communications Volume 34, 2023, 100667]","authors":"Marriott Morgan,&nbsp;Post Brittany,&nbsp;Chablani Lipika","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100733","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100733","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10498288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The copious capabilities of non-coding RNAs in cancer regulation, diagnosis and treatment","authors":"Aideen McCabe ,&nbsp;Oza Zaheed ,&nbsp;Magdalina Derlipanska ,&nbsp;George Merrin ,&nbsp;Kellie Dean","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100768","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100768","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Globally, cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality, accounting for 10 million deaths per year. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) play integral and diverse roles in cancer, possessing the ability to both promote oncogenesis and impede tumor formation. This review discusses the various roles of microRNAs, transfer RNA-derived small RNAs, long non-coding RNAs and lncRNA-derived microproteins in cancer progression and prevention. We highlight the diagnostic and therapeutic potential of these ncRNAs, with a particular focus on detection in liquid biopsies and targeting of ncRNAs with small inhibitory molecules. Ultimately, the biological functions of cancer-associated ncRNAs, as well as the development of ncRNA-based technologies, are compelling areas for further research, holding the possibility of revolutionizing cancer treatment and diagnosis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49674551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysplasia at surgical margins could act as a putative histological marker for malignization","authors":"Rahul Anand,&nbsp;Gargi Sarode,&nbsp;Sachin Sarode","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100680","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100680","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9196454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the management of colorectal cancer in low- and middle-income countries","authors":"Shah Zeb Khan ,&nbsp;Csongor György Lengyel","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><p>This narrative review aims to describe colorectal cancer (CRC) management landscape in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), presenting the most recent and relevant papers on the topic. As a secondary aim, the authors suggest new ways of improving CRC patient care in LMICs.</p></div><div><h3>Background</h3><p>Several studies show that the incidence of colon cancer in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) is rising. In addition to the increasing incidence, lack of early detection and impeded access to optimal multidisciplinary treatment may worsen survival outcomes.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Developing quality diagnostic services in the proper health context is crucial for early diagnosis and successful therapy of CRC patients, and applying a resource-sensitive approach to prioritize essential treatments based on effectiveness and cost-effectiveness is key to overcoming barriers in LMICs, with clinical research collaborations between high-income countries (HICs) and LMICs being a helpful strategy to improve health indicators and prevent the burnout of health workers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9467100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survival outcomes and predicting intracranial metastasis in stage III non-small cell lung cancer treated with definitive chemoradiation: Real-world data from a tertiary cancer center","authors":"Stephane Thibodeau ,&nbsp;Mahbuba Meem ,&nbsp;Wilma Hopman ,&nbsp;Simran Sandhu ,&nbsp;Osbert Zalay ,&nbsp;Andrea S. Fung ,&nbsp;Adi Kartolo ,&nbsp;Geneviève C. Digby ,&nbsp;Shahad Al-Ghamdi ,&nbsp;Andrew Robinson ,&nbsp;Allison Ashworth ,&nbsp;Timothy Owen ,&nbsp;Aamer Mahmud ,&nbsp;Kit Tam ,&nbsp;Timothy Olding ,&nbsp;Fabio Ynoe de Moraes","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100747","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100747","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose/Objective</h3><p>Around 30% of patients with non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC) are diagnosed with stage III disease at presentation, of which about 50% are treated with definitive chemoradiation (CRT). Around 65–80% of patients will eventually develop intracranial metastases (IM), though associated risk factors are not clearly described. We report survival outcomes and risk factors for development of IM in a cohort of patients with stage III NSCLC treated with CRT at a tertiary cancer center.</p></div><div><h3>Materials/Methods</h3><p>We identified 195 patients with stage III NSCLC treated with CRT from January 2010 to May 2021. Multivariable logistic regression was used to generate odds ratios for covariates associated with development of IM. Kaplan-Meier analysis with the Log Rank test was used for unadjusted time-to-event analyses. <em>P</em>-value for statistical significance was set at &lt; 0.05 with a two-sided test.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Out of 195 patients, 108 (55.4%) had stage IIIA disease and 103 (52.8%) had adenocarcinoma histology. The median age and follow-up (in months) was 67 (IQR 60–74) and 21 (IQR 12–43), respectively. The dose of radiation was 60 Gy in 30 fractions for148 patients (75.9%). Of the 77 patients who received treatment since immunotherapy was available and standard at our cancer center, 45 (58.4%) received at least one cycle. During follow-up, 84 patients (43.1%) developed any metastasis, and 33 (16.9%) developed IM (either alone or with extracranial metastasis). 150 patients (76.9%) experienced a treatment delay (interval between diagnosis and treatment &gt; 4 weeks). Factors associated with developing any metastasis included higher overall stage at diagnosis (<em>p</em> = 0.013) and higher prescribed dose (<em>p</em> = 0.022). Factors associated with developing IM included higher ratio of involved over sampled lymph nodes (<em>p</em> = 0.001) and receipt of pre-CRT systemic or radiotherapy for any reason (<em>p</em> = 0.034). On multivariate logistical regression, treatment delay (OR 3.9, <em>p</em> = 0.036) and overall stage at diagnosis (IIIA vs. IIIB/IIIC) (OR 2.8, <em>p</em> = 0.02) predicted development of IM. These findings were sustained on sensitivity analysis using different delay intervals. Median OS was not reached for the overall cohort, and was 43.1 months for patients with IM and 40.3 months in those with extracranial-only metastasis (<em>p</em> = 0.968). In patients with any metastasis, median OS was longer (<em>p</em> = 0.003) for those who experienced a treatment delay (48.4 months) compared to those that did not (12.2 months), likely due to expedited diagnosis and treatment in patients with a higher symptom burden secondary to more advanced disease.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>In patients with stage III NSCLC treated with definitive CRT, the risk of IM appears to increase with overall stage at diagnosis and, importantly, may be associated with experiencing a","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10548681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Granular cell tumors of the urethra","authors":"Konstantinos Evmorfopoulos ,&nbsp;Vassilios Tzortzis ,&nbsp;Panagiotis J. Vlachostergios","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100695","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100695","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Granular cell tumors (GCTs) are a rare type of mesenchymal tumors that are histologically derived by Schwann cells and rise within soft tissues such as skin and mucosal surfaces. Differentiation between benign and malignant GCTs is often difficult and relies on their biological behavior and metastatic potential. While there are no standard guidelines for management, upfront surgical resection, whenever feasible, is key as a definitive measure. Systemic therapy is often limited by poor chemosensitivity of these tumors; however, accumulating knowledge of their underlying genomic landscape has opened some opportunities for targeted approaches, for example, the vascular endothelial growth factor tyrosine kinase inhibitor pazopanib, which is already in clinical use for the treatment of many types of advanced soft tissue sarcomas.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9478179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High tumor mutation burden (TMB) in microsatellite stable (MSS) colorectal cancers: Diverse molecular associations point to variable pathophysiology","authors":"Ioannis A. Voutsadakis","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100746","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100746","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Colorectal cancers with defects in the Mismatch Repair (MMR) system represent a minority of the disease. MMR defective cancers are characterized by high Tumor Mutation Burden (TMB) and are sensitive to immunotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors. In contrast, the majority of colorectal cancers are MMR proficient (Microsatellite Stable, MSS) and display a low TMB. However, a few of these MSS cancers have high TMB.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Published genomic studies of colorectal cancers were examined to identify cases profiled as MSS and having a TMB above 10 mutations / Mb. Data from four studies detailed in the cBioportal for cancer genomics site and providing data on MSI status were examined.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In the MSK study of metastatic colorectal cancers, 7.5% of patients with MSS tumors had a high TMB of more than 10 mutations/ Mb. The MSK study of localized rectal cancers showed that 9.5% of patients with MSS tumors had a high TMB. The DFCI cohort included 10 patients with TMB above 10 mutations/ Mb characterized as MSS and not having MMR or proofreading polymerases mutations. Mutations in genes encoding for proteins of the KRAS pathways were more frequent in MSS tumors with high TMB than in counterparts with low TMB. Moreover, genes involved in DNA damage response and in epigenetic regulations were more frequently mutated in MSS colorectal cancers with high TMB.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Alterations of the KRAS signal transduction pathways, DDR gene mutations and epigenetic modifier mutations may contribute to increase mutation burden in subsets of MSS colorectal cancers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10167932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}