Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献

{"title":"Whole exome sequencing of low risk endometrial cancer patients with isolated local recurrences","authors":"Shuhua Zheng,&nbsp;Yirong Liu,&nbsp;Paul D. Kinkopf,&nbsp;Amulya Yalamanchili,&nbsp;Jonathan B. Strauss,&nbsp;Eric D. Donnelly","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100890","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100890","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>A small proportion of clinicopathologically low-risk endometrial cancer (EC) patients who omitted adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) may subsequently develop a local recurrence. Molecular profile for those clinically low-risk yet recurred EC patients is unavailable.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 442 EC patients treated from 2014 to 2020 at Northwestern Memorial Hospital were studied. Among them, 28 patients clinically low risk or low-intermediate risk per GOG-99 criteria developed an isolated local recurrence after hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and omitted RT. Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed on 22 patients whose pathologic specimen were retrievable.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The majority of the cases studied were molecularly No Specific Molecular Profile (NSMP) cohort (91%). We identified <em>CTNNB1, FGFR2, PTEN</em>, and <em>KRAS</em> as the most frequently altered pathogenic or likely pathogenic genes with 5 (22.7%), 5 (22.7%), 4 (18.2%), and 3 (13.6%) out of 22 patients carrying these alterations, respectively. <em>TP53</em> somatic alterations were identified in 2 (9.1%) out of 22 cases. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (TCGA-UCEC) dataset identified 53 EC patients with pathologically Grade 1 molecularly NSMP cohort. Within this cohort, <em>CTNNB</em>1 alterations were identified in 31 patients (58%) and prognosticated worse progression free survival (<em>p</em>&lt;0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>NSMP molecular group constitutes the majority of clinically low-risk EC patients with isolated local recurrences. The <em>CTNNB1</em> alteration was validated as a biomarker in prognostication in this independent cohort and may help guide adjuvant treatment decisions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100890"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143628711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling pathways to enhance chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer","authors":"Aoife Carr ,&nbsp;Jonathan A. Coulter ,&nbsp;Julie Workman ,&nbsp;Joanna Fay ,&nbsp;Angela Farrelly ,&nbsp;Alex J. Eustace ,&nbsp;Lindsey Bennie ,&nbsp;Liam Grogan ,&nbsp;Oscar Breathnach ,&nbsp;Patrick G. Morris ,&nbsp;Deborah A. McNamara ,&nbsp;Mattia Cremona ,&nbsp;Brian D.P. O'Neill ,&nbsp;Bryan T. Hennessy ,&nbsp;Sinead Toomey","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100926","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100926","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Responses to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer are not uniform. The phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are involved in tumorigenesis and treatment resistance in many cancers; therefore, targeting these pathways could enhance response to chemoradiotherapy.</div><div>A panel of colorectal cancer (CRC) cell lines (<em>n</em> = 10) with varying PI3K and MAPK mutational backgrounds were treated with combinations of 5-Flourouracil (5-FU), radiation, the PI3K inhibitor copanlisib, and/or the MEK inhibitor refametinib, and their effects on proliferation <em>in vitro</em> were measured. BALB/c SCID mice were implanted with CRC cell lines representative of each mutational background, treated with copanlisib and/or chemoradiotherapy, and monitored for tumor growth.</div><div><em>In vitro, PIK3CA</em> mutated cell lines were most sensitive to copanlisib (IC50=28 nM) and <em>KRAS</em> mutated cell lines were most sensitive to refametinib (IC50 = 36 nM), while the combination of copanlisib and refametinib was synergistic in 9/10 cell lines tested. The addition of copanlisib to 5-FU chemoradiotherapy inhibited cell growth compared to 5-FU chemoradiotherapy alone, an effect that was most notable in LS-1034 (<em>KRAS</em> mutated) and Caco-2 (<em>PIK3CA/KRAS</em> wild-type) cell lines. <em>In vivo</em> copanlisib and 5-FU chemoradiotherapy reduced tumor growth in all xenograft models and increased overall survival in LS-1034 and Caco-2 xenografts.</div><div>Our results suggest that activation of the kinase signalling pathway may modulate PI3K/MEK inhibitor responsiveness in colorectal cancer. Furthermore, the addition of copanlisib to 5-FU chemoradiotherapy resulted in an enhanced anti-proliferative cytotoxic effect compared to 5-FU chemoradiotherapy alone, regardless of the background mutational status, and supports further clinical development of this regimen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100926"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ferroptosis as the new approach to cancer therapy","authors":"Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo ,&nbsp;Susan Grant ,&nbsp;Pearl Ifunanya Nwafor-Ezeh ,&nbsp;Tobiloba Christiana Maduakolam-Aniobi ,&nbsp;Tolulope Isaiah Akinborode ,&nbsp;Emmanuel Henry Ezenabor ,&nbsp;Adebola Busola Ojo","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cancer is characterized by unregulated cell proliferation, evasion of apoptosis, and a propensity for metastasis, making it a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. Major challenges in cancer treatment include drug resistance and tumor heterogeneity, which hinder the clinical efficacy of existing therapies. To enhance treatment outcomes, it is essential to integrate emerging biological insights and technological advancements with conventional therapeutic strategies. Recent research has identified various forms of cell death, which can be classified as either regulated or unregulated. Regulated cell death involves specific biochemical and signaling pathways, while unregulated cell death occurs passively and uncontrollably. Apoptosis, the most extensively studied form of regulated cell death, is primarily mediated by the activation of caspase proteases. Nevertheless, the resistance of many tumors to apoptotic pathways has shifted focus towards non-apoptotic forms of cell death, such as ferroptosis. Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent form of regulated necrosis characterized by extensive membrane damage resulting from lipid peroxidation. Numerous preclinical studies have demonstrated that inducing ferroptosis can significantly reduce tumor growth across a variety of cancer types. For instance, in a study involving breast cancer models, the use of ferroptosis inducers such as erastin and RSL3 led to a marked decrease in tumor volume and weight.</div><div>This review aims to explore the potential of ferroptosis as a novel therapeutic strategy in cancer treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100913"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143776820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New therapeutic approaches for EGFR mutated non-small cell lung cancer on osimertinib era","authors":"Jaime Rubio-Perez ,&nbsp;Roberto Hernandez ,&nbsp;Carlota Santolaya ,&nbsp;Maria Cruz Martin-Soberon ,&nbsp;Sandra Zazo ,&nbsp;Nerea Carvajal ,&nbsp;Federico Rojo","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (EGFRmut NSCLC) represents a heterogeneous group of tumors with varying clinical outcomes. Resistance to osimertinib, a third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), is inevitable, with emerging evidence suggesting that concurrent genomic alterations influence treatment efficacy.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and Methods</h3><div>This retrospective study analyzed 58 stage IV EGFRmut NSCLC patients treated with osimertinib across four hospitals in Madrid, Spain, between March 2021 and February 2023. Comprehensive genomic profiling was conducted using next-generation sequencing (NGS) to evaluate co-mutations. Kaplan-Meier survival curves and Cox regression were applied to assess progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A second co-mutation was identified in 44.1 % of patients, with TP53 (70 %) being the most frequent, followed by EGFR (11.5 %), PI3K (11.5 %), and MET amplifications (7.7 %). Patients with co-mutations exhibited significantly worse PFS compared to those with only EGFR mutations (HR: 8.0, 95 % CI: 1.81–35.4; <em>p</em> = 0.001). Specifically, TP53 co-mutations were associated with reduced PFS (HR: 21.6, 95 % CI: 2.77–169; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and a non-statistically significant trend toward worse OS (HR: 3.10, 95 % CI: 0.89–10.8; <em>p</em> = 0.062).</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>This study highlights the prognostic impact of co-mutations, particularly TP53, in EGFRmut NSCLC treated with osimertinib. These findings underscore the need for novel therapeutic approaches and personalized treatment strategies, especially in subgroups with poor prognoses. Trials such as MARIPOSA and FLAURA-2 provide promising evidence for treatment intensification, but careful patient stratification is essential to balance efficacy and toxicity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100945"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144125090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Real-world progression-free survival of first line afatinib patients with EGFR-mutant advanced lung adenocarcinoma: A multicentre study in Indonesia","authors":"Noni Novisari Soeroso ,&nbsp;Elisna Syahruddin ,&nbsp;Chaliza Soliha ,&nbsp;Laksmi Wulandari ,&nbsp;Ana Rima Setijadi ,&nbsp;Sabrina Ermayanti ,&nbsp;Suryanti Dwi Pratiwi ,&nbsp;Andreas Infianto ,&nbsp;Novita Andayani ,&nbsp;Sri Melati Munir ,&nbsp;Avissena Dutha Pratama ,&nbsp;Ida Ayu Jasminarti Dwi Kusumawardani ,&nbsp;Haryati Haryati ,&nbsp;Natalie Duyan ,&nbsp;Muhammad Alfin Hanif ,&nbsp;Darren Wan-Teck Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100979","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100979","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Afatinib, a second-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), has demonstrated clinical benefit in EGFR-mutant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through clinical trials. However, real-world data, particularly in Southeast Asian populations, remain limited. This study aimed to evaluate the real-world progression-free survival (PFS) of Indonesian patients with EGFR-mutant advanced lung adenocarcinoma treated with first-line afatinib.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from 1008 EGFR-positive NSCLC patients screened between 2019 and 2023 across 14 Indonesian centers. Of these, 215 received afatinib, and 105 patients met eligibility criteria. Clinical and demographic data, including EGFR mutation types and ECOG performance status, were collected. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to assess PFS and associated factors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median age was 59 years; 54.3 % were female and 65.7 % never-smokers. Exon 19 deletion was the most common mutation (57.1 %), followed by L858R (29.5 %). Median PFS was 12.0 months. ECOG performance status significantly influenced PFS: patients with ECOG 0–1 had a median PFS of 13.0 months versus 8.0 months for ECOG ≥2 (HR = 0.44; <em>p</em> = 0.001). Other variables, including smoking status, stage, and brain metastases, were not significantly associated with PFS. Mutation subtype analysis revealed non-significant trends.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>ECOG performance status is a significant prognostic factor for PFS in patients treated with first-line afatinib. These real-world findings support its continued use and highlight the need for broader multicenter studies to validate the role of EGFR mutation subtypes in treatment outcomes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100979"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144827335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First-line durvalumab plus platinum–etoposide in Japanese patients with extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer","authors":"Eisuke Mochizuki ,&nbsp;Shun Matsuura ,&nbsp;Naoki Koshimizu ,&nbsp;Suguru Kojima ,&nbsp;Shogo Sakurai ,&nbsp;Satoshi Kishimoto ,&nbsp;Mitsuru Niwa ,&nbsp;Masayuki Watanuki ,&nbsp;Ryunosuke Inaba ,&nbsp;Sho Takuma ,&nbsp;Yusuke Inoue ,&nbsp;Masato Karayama ,&nbsp;Naoki Inui ,&nbsp;Takafumi Suda","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Platinum-based chemotherapy combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy has recently been introduced for treating extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). In the Phase III CASPIAN study, first-line etoposide (Etoposide) with cisplatin / carboplatin (EP) plus durvalumab significantly improved survival in patients with ES-SCLC. However, it included few Japanese patients, underscoring the need for evaluating the efficacy and safety of this treatment specifically in the Japanese population.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients with treatment-naïve ES-SCLC were retrospectively investigated at eight hospitals in Japan, between August 1, 2020 and December 31, 2023. They received EP plus durvalumab (four cycles) every 3 weeks, followed by maintenance durvalumab every 4 weeks until disease progression. The primary endpoint was safety, while the secondary endpoints were overall survival, progression-free survival, objective response rate, and disease control rate.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-nine patients aged 48–91 years (median: 72 years) were included. Most had an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status of 0 or 1. Grade ≥3 adverse events occurred in 72.5 % of patients and immune-related adverse events in 21.7 %. The median overall survival was 15.0 months (95 % confidence interval: 11.6–20.0), while the median progression-free survival was 5.0 months (95 % confidence interval: 4.3–5.8). Objective response and disease control rates were 75.4 % and 92.8 %, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>First-line EP plus durvalumab was effective and well tolerated in Japanese patients with ES-SCLC in a real-world setting aligning with findings of global studies. This regimen should be considered the standard of care for Japanese patients with ES-SCLC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"Article 100972"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advances in the management of lung & gastro-intestinal cancers: clinical studies review from ASCO 2022/2023 annual meetings.","authors":"Hafsa Elmarrachi, Meriem Andrif, Nabil Ismaili","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100974","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100974","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Advancements in cancer research play a pivotal role in enhancing prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies. The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) convenes major annual meetings, gathering experts worldwide to discuss the latest discoveries and trends in the field. In this study, we conducted a comprehensive bibliographic analysis of ASCO presentations and publications from 2022 to 2023 to identify dominant themes in cancer research. Our research methodology involved targeted searches in bibliographic databases and ASCO meeting archives, utilizing specific keywords related to various cancer types. Subsequently, we rigorously selected studies based on predefined criteria, with a particular focus on lung and gastrointestinal cancers due to their prevalence and significant public health impact. Among notable studies, evaluations of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced gastrointestinal cancers revealed promising response rates, while precision medicine approaches showed significant improvements in clinical outcomes. Studies like PARADIGM and PRODIGE demonstrated the efficacy of novel therapeutic combinations, while the NEO-PAN trial explored new avenues in locally advanced pancreatic cancer treatment. Additionally, novel therapeutic options such as Mobocertinib and sotorasib were identified as offering new hope for patients with specific lung cancers. Studies KEYNOTE-799 and SKYSCRAPER also demonstrated significant survival improvements in patients with stomach, esophageal, and non-small cell lung cancers. Furthermore, the PROTECT study underscored the crucial importance of efforts to reduce severe chemotherapy-related side effects, potentially enhancing patients' quality of life. These findings highlight the significance of ASCO meetings as a vital source of information and collaboration in the fight against cancer, providing valuable insights for the clinical management of this complex disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"44 ","pages":"100974"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144803587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human malignant ovarian germ cell tumor cell lines derived from peritoneal cytology retrieving from circulating tumor cell system","authors":"Jie Yang ,&nbsp;Xinyue Zhang ,&nbsp;Jie Tang ,&nbsp;Xiaolei Fu ,&nbsp;Qiong Wu ,&nbsp;Hong Li ,&nbsp;Rui Chen ,&nbsp;Jiaxin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100934","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100934","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Malignant ovarian germ cell tumor (MOGCT) is a rare neoplasm predominantly affecting adolescent and young adult females. Establishing personalized permanent tumor cell lines is crucial for understanding tumor behavior and optimizing precision treatment for these patients.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We developed a novel procedure for isolating and culturing human MOGCT cells from peritoneal wash cytology using the circulating cell extraction technique (Labyrinthbiotech Co. LLC, LABYRINTH<img>CE01, China).</div></div><div><h3>Result</h3><div>Peripheral blood and peritoneal washings were collected from 15 patients, including those with yolk sac tumor (n = 6), dysgerminoma (n = 2), immature teratoma (n = 5), and mixed germ cell tumor (n = 2). After washing and centrifugation, samples were processed using the labyrinth technique to achieve high-purity cell cultures. The isolated tumor cells were characterized by immunofluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Immunohistochemical analysis enabled specific discrimination from primary peritoneal human fibroblasts. Cultures were established from peritoneal cytology with cell densities ranging from 10² to 10⁵ cells per well, with 5 samples showing over 10⁵ cell growth, 3 samples over 10⁴ cell growth, and others at 10³ cell growth. The longest cell culture has been maintained for 18 generations. Short tandem repeat (STR) analysis of cultured cells confirmed their germ cell tumor origin. Preliminary assessments of chemosensitivity in cultured cells have been found to reflect similar clinical responses in the corresponding patients.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The MOGCT cell lines derived from peritoneal washings using the circulating tumor cell chip represent the tumor characteristics. This method holds promise for functional studies on rare ovarian tumors and for evaluating chemo-sensitivity for potential therapeutic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100934"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of long non-coding RNAs in developing paclitaxel-resistant triple negative breast cancer: a systematic review","authors":"Davood Dalil ,&nbsp;Saeid Iranzadeh ,&nbsp;Alireza Barouh ,&nbsp;Zahra Ghorbanniadelavar ,&nbsp;Mohammad Mahdi Mehrabi","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Recent evidence supports the idea that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are significantly involved in chemoresistance of breast cancer. This study aimed to systematically review the emerging role of lncRNAs in paclitaxel (PTX) resistance in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Furthermore, the review summarized potential targets and the underlying mechanisms of lncRNAs to induce or reverse the resistance of TNBC cells to PTX.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for studies on lncRNAs involved in the resistance of TNBC cells to PTX using specific terms related to TNBC, lncRNAs, resistance, and paclitaxel. Relevant English articles published until November 2023, were systematically reviewed based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality of the included studies was assessed using the Würzburg Methodological Quality Score (W-MeQS) by two independent authors.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 95 publications were initially identified, and after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 19 articles were included in this systematic review. These studies investigated the role of critical lncRNAs in PTX-resistant TNBC. Regulating the cell cycle and apoptosis, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, autophagy, and angiogenesis are the main mechanisms through which lncRNAs affect the resistance to PTX in TNBC.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This systematic review highlights the significant role of lncRNAs in promoting or inhibiting the resistance of TNBC cells to PTX. The lncRNAs with upregulated or downregulated expression in PTX-resistant TNBC may provide promising therapeutic targets to enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100936"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143924667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of immunotherapy in real-world patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Na Yin ,&nbsp;Ruihan Yang,&nbsp;Xiangliang Liu,&nbsp;Xiao Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100908","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100908","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to explore the predictors of immunotherapy efficacy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in the real world and to analyze the clinical efficacy and safety of patients receiving immunotherapy for advanced NSCLC.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Clinical pathological data from patients diagnosed with advanced NSCLC treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) were collected. Survival analysis and differential efficacy comparison of progression-free survival (PFS) was performed using the Kaplan-Meier method and Log-rank test. Univariate and multivariate analyses of PFS and objective response rate (ORR) were performed by Cox proportional risk regression models and logistic regression models to explore influence factors associated with the prognosis of immunotherapy.</div></div><div><h3><strong>Results</strong></h3><div>(1) Overall, the median PFS (median PFS, mPFS) for 237 patients was 11.3 months (range: 8.5-14.1), the ORR was 55.7 %. Univariate and multivariate analyses of PFS in the overall population found that age ≥65 years, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) physical status (PS) score of 0-1, clinical stage III, absence of liver metastases, immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) ≥47.8 were independent predictors of longer PFS in immunotherapy-advanced NSCLC. Univariate and multifactorial logistic regression analysis of ORR in 237 patients suggested that ECOG PS score, number of ICI lines and prognostic nutritional index (PNI) were independent influence factors of ORR.</div><div>(2) In the \"stage IV, first-line, ECOG PS 0-1\" subgroup, 106（106/237）patients had an mPFS of 10.9 months (range: 9.6-12.2) and an ORR of 59.4 %. Univariate and multivariate analyses of PFS in subgroups found that liver metastases, immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy and PNI were independent influencers of PFS. A univariate analysis of ORR found that only High-PNI was associated with longer PFS.</div><div>(3) Additional factors affecting the efficacy were explored. A subgroup analysis among 64 (64/237) patients with accessible programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels showed a trend towards a PFS benefit in patients with PD-L1 tumor cell proportion score (TPS) ≥ 50 % and TPS &lt; 1 % compared to patients with PD-L1 TPS &lt; 1 % (p=0.196); A subgroup analysis among 91 (91/237) patients with traceable genetic test results showed that patients with positive driver genes (KRAS/MET/RET/HER2/EGFR/ALK) had a shorter PFS than patients with negative driver genes (HR=1.712, 95 % CI: 0.994-2.947, p=0.048); Subgroup analyses of efficacy assessment showed significantly prolonged PFS in patients with an initial or best outcome assessment of complete response (CR) or partial remission (PR) compared with stable disease (SD) or progressive disease (PD) (P &lt; 0.001).</div><div>(4) Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) requiring pharmacological interventi","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100908"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143768290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}