Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献

{"title":"A blood test measuring DNA methylation of BCAT1 and IKZF1 for detection of lung adenocarcinoma","authors":"Faridh Raja Mohamed ,&nbsp;Anand Rose ,&nbsp;Lorraine Sheehan-Hennessy ,&nbsp;Susanne K. Pedersen ,&nbsp;Kathryn Cornthwaite ,&nbsp;Geraldine Laven-Law ,&nbsp;Graeme P. Young ,&nbsp;Erin L. Symonds ,&nbsp;Jean M. Winter","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Colorectal (CRC) and lung adenocarcinoma share many genetic and pathological similarities. A circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) test for CRC may also be useful for detection of lung adenocarcinoma. This study determined if a methylated <em>BCAT1</em>/<em>IKZF1</em> ctDNA test for CRC can be used for detection of lung adenocarcinoma.</p></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><p>Circulating cell free DNA (ccfDNA) was extracted from plasma collected prospectively from healthy controls, patients in remission from CRC, patients with lung adenocarcinoma, and patients with isolated metastatic CRC lung lesions. Plasma ccfDNA was bisulfite converted and assessed for methylated <em>BCAT1</em>/<em>IKZF1</em> by quantitative real-time PCR. Comparisons between the different patient groups for a positive ctDNA test (<em>BCAT1</em> and/or <em>IKZF1</em>) and ctDNA levels (% of total ccfDNA), as well as any associations with clinicopathological and demographic features, were assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Methylated <em>BCAT1/IKZF1</em> ctDNA was detected in 18/39 (46.2 %) patients with lung adenocarcinoma, which was significantly (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) higher compared to healthy controls (49/606; 8.1 %) and patients in remission from CRC (22/171, 12.9 %). Patients with stage III/IV lung adenocarcinoma had higher <em>BCAT1/IKZF1</em> ctDNA positivity compared to stage I/II cases (68.2 % vs 17.7 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.01), where a significantly higher proportion tested positive for methylated <em>IKZF1</em> ctDNA alone (54.6 % vs 5.9 %, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001). There was no difference in <em>BCAT1/IKZF1</em> ctDNA test positivity between patients with stage IV primary lung adenocarcinoma (n = 17) compared to lung-metastasising CRC cases (n = 17; 70.6 % v 64.3 %).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A ctDNA test measuring methylated <em>BCAT1</em>/<em>IKZF1</em> can sensitively detect lung adenocarcinoma and may be a promising aid for detection of advanced disease.</p></div><div><h3>Clinical trial registrations</h3><p>Australian and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, www.anzctr.org.au<strong>,</strong> ACTRN12616001138471, ACTRN12611000318987.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100838"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000509/pdfft?md5=1dd004bf2b2b2d41181eda94dc5e4396&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000509-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141998572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The likelihood of being helped or harmed as a patient-centred tool to assess ALK-Inhibitors clinical impact and safety in ALK-addicted non-small cell lung cancer: A systematic review and sensitivity-analysis","authors":"Luca Mastrantoni ,&nbsp;Giulia Giordano ,&nbsp;Emanuele Vita ,&nbsp;Guido Horn ,&nbsp;Jacopo Russo ,&nbsp;Armando Orlandi ,&nbsp;Gennaro Daniele ,&nbsp;Diana Giannarelli ,&nbsp;Giampaolo Tortora ,&nbsp;Emilio Bria","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>In untreated ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer no randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are available directly comparing next-generation ALK-inhibitors. We conducted a sensitivity analysis using the likelihood of being helped or harmed (LHH).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Phase III trials comparing ALK-inhibitors to crizotinib were included. Efficacy outcomes were progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), PFS in patients with brain metastases and intracranial ORR. Safety outcomes were grade 3–4 adverse events (AEs), dose reductions and discontinuations.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Six RCTs (1524 patients) were included. Lorlatinib and brigatinib had the lowest NNT for intracranial outcomes. Alectinib demonstrated favourable LHHs for grade 3–4 AEs, dose reductions and discontinuations. Brigatinib LHHs were low for common AEs, mainly laboratory anomalies and hypertension. Ensartinib showed mainly skin toxicity. Lorlatinib LHHs were low for specific grade 3–4 AEs, mainly metabolic alterations.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The four ALK-inhibitors exhibited favourable risk-benefit ratios. Lorlatinib showed the lowest NNT for systemic efficacy and, alongside with Brigatinib, lower NNTs for intracranial efficacy. Alectinib exhibited higher LHHs for AEs.</p></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><p>PROSPERO registration number: CRD42023389101.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000546/pdfft?md5=c335f69bda0717340fb21cbb470dae03&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000546-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142163793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of villin expression and tumor behavior in colorectal cancer","authors":"Seyed Amir Miratashi Yazdi ,&nbsp;Elahe Farmani ,&nbsp;Sara Shahvaisi ,&nbsp;Arezoo Eftekhar Javadi ,&nbsp;Elham Nazar","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100825","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Colorectal cancer is one of the most common cancers and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. The incidence is gradually increasing, and the mortality and recurrence rates of the disease remain high.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study was conducted as a cross-sectional study using tissue samples of 106 patients who underwent surgery at Sina Hospital from 2021 to 2022. After histopathological examination and identification of the pathological features of the tumor, the samples were subjected to immunohistochemical staining using a monoclonal antibody against villin.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, we observed a significant association between villin expression and tumor depth, as well as a correlation between villin expression and tumor location (colon or rectum). However, no association was found between villin expression and the number of affected lymph nodes and age, sex, tumor grade, and size. Furthermore, there was no significant association between villin expression and tumor vascular or neural invasion.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The extent of local invasion and metastasis are important factors in disease progression and can lead to treatment failure. Therefore, new biomarkers are needed to identify patients at risk of local and distant metastases and to enable appropriate treatment of patients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"40 ","pages":"Article 100825"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000376/pdfft?md5=563e8cb56d3b808fb46552b342b8cb72&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000376-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141291479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive structural and functional analysis of hVEGFR1: Insights into phosphorylation, molecular interactions, and potential inhibitors through docking and dynamics simulations","authors":"Manne Munikumar ,&nbsp;Jangampalli Adi Pradeepkiran ,&nbsp;Marineni Kiran Kumar ,&nbsp;Swathi Banapuram ,&nbsp;Akshatha Bhat Edurkala","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100795","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor 1 (VEGFR1), is an enzyme with tyrosine kinase activity that plays a pivotal role in angiogenesis, the process of new blood vessel formation. This receptor is of significant clinical importance as it is implicated in various cancers, particularly non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), where its dysregulation leads to uncontrolled cell growth through ligand-induced phosphorylation. While commercially available drugs target VEGFR1, their prolonged use often leads to drug resistance and the emergence of mutations in cancer patients. To address these challenges, researchers have identified the human tyrosine kinase (hTK) domain of VEGFR1 as a potential therapeutic marker for lung malignancies. The 3D crystal structure of the hTK domain, obtained from Protein Data Bank (PDB ID: 3HNG), has provided vital structural insights of hVEGFR1. This study has revealed variations within the hVEGFR1 tyrosine kinase domain, distinguishing between regions associated with phosphorylase kinase and transferase activities. We identified numerous potential phosphorylation sites within the TK domain, shedding light on the protein's regulation and signaling possible. Detailed molecular interaction analyses have elucidated the binding forces between lead molecules and hVEGFR1, including hydrogen bonds, electrostatic, hydrophobic, and π-sigma interactions. The stability observed during molecular dynamics simulations further underscores the biological relevance of these interactions. Furthermore, docked complexes has highlighted localized structural fluctuations, offering insight into potential allosteric effects and dynamic conformational changes induced by lead molecules. These findings not only provide a comprehensive characterization of hVEGFR1 but also pave the way for the development of targeted therapies. Eventually, this study has the potential in identifying drug to combat diseases associated with hVEGFR1 dysregulation, including cancer and angiogenesis-related disorders, contributing to effective treatment strategies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100795"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000078/pdfft?md5=fa69e823274f13764b97a36afc9dc2d3&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000078-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139993248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transforming the landscape of colorectal cancer treatment with immunotherapy: Evolution and future horizons","authors":"Jan Clerick,&nbsp;Aude Van Oosterwyck,&nbsp;Saskia Carton","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100807","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100807","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Colorectal cancer (CRC) continues to be one of the most prevalent and lethal cancers worldwide. Over the past decades, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have shown to significantly improve patient outcomes in mismatch repair-deficient metastasized CRC. However, widening the scope of this novel treatment modality has been the object of growing interest. This article will review several landmark trials, while exploring various aspects of this rapidly evolving field, including potential neoadjuvant (or even entirely nonsurgical) and adjuvant indications in localized disease. We will also discuss differences between management of rectal and colon cancer, current and expected challenges (eg. resistance, toxicities, pseudoprogression, biomarkers) and other future opportunities including combinations with other therapeutic agents and the role of ICIs in the treatment of both deficient as well as proficient mismatch repair (dMMR and pMMR respectively) CRC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100807"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000194/pdfft?md5=ce28e34b1a8382f122e7522d2118a6a4&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000194-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140093444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Transcriptomes of cervical cancer provide novel insights into dysregulated pathways, potential therapeutic targets, and repurposed drugs","authors":"Md Tamzid Hossain Tanim ,&nbsp;Sudipta Deb Nath ,&nbsp;Sumaiya Farah Khan ,&nbsp;Abira Khan ,&nbsp;Abu Ashfaqur Sajib","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100808","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100808","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Cervical cancer ranks as the fourth most prevalent gynaecological malignancy and is a significant contributor to mortality among women globally. With the exception of HPV-mediated oncogenesis, the molecular etiology of the disease is poorly understood, and there is a critical dearth of knowledge concerning cancer that is not caused by HPV. Moreover, none of the options presently accessible for the treatment of cancers specifically target cervical cancer. In context with this, this research aims to identify the critical genes, regulators, and pathways that contribute to the pathogenesis of cervical cancer, in addition to prospective pharmacological targets and repurposed therapeutic agents that can be directed against the targets. A total of eleven different global gene expression (transcriptome) datasets were subjected to analysis utilizing a variety of <em>in silico</em> tools. The present study reveals a previously unknown correlation between cervical cancer and five genes: SHC1, CBL, GNAQ, GNA14, and PPP2CA. Significant dysregulation was observed in four crucial transcription factors (KLF4, E2F1, FOXM1, and AR) that modulate the expression of numerous genes in cervical cancer. Furthermore, it was observed that AKT1, MAPK1, and MAPK3 ranked the highest among the regulatory genes that hold promise as therapeutic targets in the context of cervical cancer. Additional research, both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>, is required to validate and establish the therapeutic potential of these crucial genes in the context of cervical cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100808"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000200/pdfft?md5=3105e45c411aa9f76d95dbd7dc4e1856&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000200-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140296898","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An evaluation of the utility of computed tomography in high-risk endometrial cancer surveillance","authors":"Taliya Lantsman ,&nbsp;Corinne Jansen ,&nbsp;Elysia Larson ,&nbsp;Katharine Esselen ,&nbsp;Meghan Shea","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100812","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100812","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Endometrial cancer is a collection of heterogeneous histologies and molecular subtypes with different risk profiles. High-risk endometrial cancer surveillance regimens vary amongst providers. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends symptom and exam-based surveillance for all endometrial cancers after remission, regardless of cancer stage and histology. Our objective was to identify the first method of detection of recurrence in high-risk endometrial cancers and examine disease recurrence and treatment patterns.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A retrospective review of patients diagnosed with high-risk endometrial cancer between November 2013 and February 2020 was conducted at a large academic institution. High-risk endometrial cancers were classified by histology and pathologic stage and were categorized by primary method of detection.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Two hundred and twenty-nine patients were identified with high-risk endometrial cancer, 63 (28 %) of whom had a recurrence. Most recurrences were first detected with routine imaging in 31 patients (49.2 %) and symptom surveillance in 24 patients (38.15 %). Regardless of the detection method, most patients underwent systemic treatment. The average survival after recurrence was 2.0 years in the imaging cohort and 1.6 years in the non-imaging surveillance cohort.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The most common site of recurrence in our cohort of high-risk endometrial cancer was in the lung, and most recurrences were identified with asymptomatic imaging. Though there was no statistically significant difference between the survival of those who underwent imaging surveillance vs. standard of care, there was a trend toward survival that deems further exploration with a larger cohort.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100812"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000248/pdfft?md5=4394b222e55441b2f3c9ddd2ecd12110&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000248-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140350583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of elevated C-reactive protein among pre-treatment, newly diagnosed breast cancer patients: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Wai Han Ng ,&nbsp;Zalina Abu Zaid ,&nbsp;Barakatun Nisak Mohd Yusof ,&nbsp;Syafinaz Amin Nordin ,&nbsp;Poh Ying Lim","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100813","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background &amp; Aims</h3><p>Accumulating evidence showed that inflammation contributes markedly to cancer progression, with C-reactive protein (CRP) being one of the lengthily studied inflammation marker. For breast cancer (BCa), pre-treatment elevated CRP upon diagnosis was linked with increased mortality. This study aimed to identify factors predictive of elevated CRP in pre-treatment BCa population that can serve as potential therapeutic targets to reduce inflammation.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This is a cross-sectional study using multiple logistic regression to identify predictors of elevated CRP among pre-treatment, newly diagnosed BCa patients. Studied variables were socio-demographic and medical characteristics, anthropometric measurements [body weight, Body Mass Index, body fat percentage, fat mass/fat free mass ratio, muscle mass, visceral fat], biochemical parameters [albumin, hemoglobin, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, lymphocyte], energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index, handgrip strength (HGS), scored Patient Generated-Subjective Global Assessment, physical activity level and perceived stress scale (PSS).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 105 participants took part in this study. Significant predictors of elevated CRP were body fat percentage (OR 1.222; 95 % CI 1.099–1.358; <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), PSS (OR 1.120; 95 % CI 1.026–1.223; <em>p</em> = 0.011), low vs normal HGS (OR 41.928; 95 % CI 2.155–815.728; <em>p</em> = 0.014), albumin (OR 0.779; 95 % CI 0.632–0.960; <em>p</em> = 0.019), and WBC (OR 1.418; 95% CI 1.024–1.963; <em>p</em> = 0.036).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Overall, predictors of elevated CRP in pre-treatment, newly diagnosed BCa population were body fat percentage, PSS, HGS category, albumin and WBC.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100813"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S246829422400025X/pdfft?md5=88607ede63cc197de7c0a177d132c376&pid=1-s2.0-S246829422400025X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140351358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The prevalence and prognostic significance of Sarcopenia and Adipopenia in Pleural Mesothelioma","authors":"Andrew C. Kidd ,&nbsp;Gordon W. Cowell ,&nbsp;Geoffrey A. Martin ,&nbsp;Jenny Ferguson ,&nbsp;Dean A. Fennell ,&nbsp;Matt Evison ,&nbsp;Kevin G. Blyth","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100856","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100856","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Altered body composition is associated with adverse survival in multiple cancers. We determined the prevalence, prognostic significance and clinicopathological correlates of sarcopenia and adipopenia in Pleural Mesothelioma (PM) patients receiving chemotherapy.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We performed a multi-centre retrospective cohort study. Clinical data and CT images were retrieved for 111 patients from 4 UK centres. Skeletal muscle (at L3 and T4) and fat tissue areas (at L3 only) were measured on pre- and post-chemotherapy CT scans (ImageJ software) and normalised for height. Pre-chemotherapy sarcopenia and adipopenia were defined using validated thresholds, where available or indices &lt;25th percentile. Muscle/fat loss were defined by &lt; 0 % change (%∆) between CT scans. Extreme muscle/fat loss were defined by &lt;25th percentile of %∆. Overall survival associations were evaluated using Kaplan–Meier methodology ± Cox proportional hazards models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>T4 and L3 measurements were possible in 111/111 and 91/111 (82 %). L3 sarcopenia was observed at baseline in 35 % (32/91); all other features were observed in 25 % at baseline, as defined a priori. Body composition changes during chemotherapy were heterogeneous. Overall, 61.5 % and 53.1 % patients lost muscle at L3 and T4. 60.4 % lost fat (at L3 only). Extreme T4 muscle loss and total fat loss were independently prognostic (HR 2.99, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; HR 1.92, <em>p</em> = 0.014). Pre-chemotherapy T4 muscle indices were inversely associated with age. No associations were observed with tumour volume, histology, weight, inflammatory markers.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>T4 muscle indices were feasible in all cases and outperformed L3 values in prognostication. Extreme T4 muscle and total fat loss were independently prognostic.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100856"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142811979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum CYFRA21–1 and SCC-Ag levels in women during pregnancy and their diagnostic value for cervical cancer","authors":"Qianlan Zhang,&nbsp;Zhiheng Wang,&nbsp;Huijing Tang,&nbsp;Bin Zhang,&nbsp;Chaoyan Yue,&nbsp;Jin Gao,&nbsp;Chunmei Ying","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100786","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100786","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The incidence of cervical cancer increases every year during pregnancy. Cervical cytology in pregnant women has a unique morphology and liquid-based cytology methods are prone to cause false positives. The aim of this study was to investigate the serum cytokeratin 19 fragment antigen 21–1 (CYFRA21–1) and squamous cell carcinoma associated antigen (SCC-Ag) concentrations in healthy pregnant women during pregnancy and to assess their diagnostic value for cervical cancer in pregnancy.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this prospective study, 165 healthy non-pregnant women, 441 healthy pregnant women and 22 patients with cervical cancer in pregnancy were recruited. The healthy pregnant women group included 143 women in the first trimester (T1), 147 in the second (T2) and 151 in the third (T3).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Both SCC-Ag and CYFRA21–1 levels were significantly different in the healthy pregnant women group compared to the control group. The CYFRA21–1 and SCC-Ag were higher in the T1 and T3 than in the control groups. However, there was no statistically significant difference in serum CYFRA21–1 and SCC-Ag levels in the T2 group compared to the control group. The AUCs of CYFRA21–1, SCC-Ag and CYFRA21–1 combined with SCC-Ag were 0.674, 0.792, and 0.805, respectively. The cut-off values of CYFRA21–1 and SCC-Ag were 6.64 ng/mL and 1.75 ng/mL, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Serum CYFRA21–1 and SCC-Ag levels were higher in pregnant women during early and late pregnancy compared to non-pregnant individuals, while they were not statistically different from non-pregnant women during mid-trimester. CYFRA21–1 and SCC-Ag have diagnostic value for cervical cancer in pregnancy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100786"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294223001089/pdfft?md5=9393325bc249b5faf2ec6afe21e15621&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294223001089-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139020042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}