Cancer treatment and research communications最新文献

{"title":"Pregnancy-related breast cancer: 14-year experience in a tertiary institution in Hong Kong","authors":"Billy Ho Hung Cheung ,&nbsp;Vivian Chi Mei Man ,&nbsp;Goby Tze Wa Sham ,&nbsp;Lorraine Chow ,&nbsp;Michael Co ,&nbsp;Ava Kwong","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100783","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2023.100783","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The incidence of pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) is increasing. Its tumor characteristics and overall survival compared with those in nonpregnant patients remain controversial. While there have been suggestions that PABC patients have a 40 % increase in the risk of death compared to non-pregnant patients, other studies suggested similar disease outcomes. This study aims to review our local experience with PABC.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Twenty-eight patients diagnosed with PABC and twenty-eight patients diagnosed at premenopausal age randomly selected by a computer-generated system during the same period were recruited. Background characteristics, tumor features, and survival were compared.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Among the twenty-eight pregnant patients, seventeen were diagnosed during pregnancy, and eleven were diagnosed in the postpartum period. Compared to the non-pregnant breast cancer patients, they presented with less progesterone receptor-positive tumor (35.7 % vs. 64.2 %, <em>p</em> = 0.03). Although there was no statistically significant difference in tumor size (<em>p</em> = 0.44) and nodal status (<em>p</em> = 0.16), the tumor tended to be larger in size (2.94 +/− 1.82 vs 2.40 +/− 1.69 cm) and with more nodal involvement (35.7 % vs 25.0 %). There was also a trend of delayed presentation to medical attention, with a mean duration of 13.1 weeks in the PABC group and 8.6 weeks in the control group. However, the overall survival did not differ (<em>p</em> = 0.63).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>PABC is increasing in incidence. They tend to have more aggressive features, but overall survival remains similar. A multidisciplinary approach is beneficial for providing the most appropriate care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"38 ","pages":"Article 100783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294223001053/pdfft?md5=7e4fd94c0127cf4bcd40a195119bd949&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294223001053-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138992672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting transforming growth factor-β1 by methylseleninic acid/seleno-L-methionine in clear cell renal cell carcinoma: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential","authors":"Aseel O. Rataan ,&nbsp;Yan Xu ,&nbsp;Sean M. Geary ,&nbsp;Yousef Zakharia ,&nbsp;Eman S. Kamel ,&nbsp;Youcef M. Rustum ,&nbsp;Aliasger K. Salem","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100864","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100864","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) poses a significant global health challenge as its incidence continues to rise, resulting in a substantial annual mortality rate. Major clinical challenges to current ccRCC treatments include high drug-resistance rates as well as dose-limiting adverse events; underlining the need to identify additional ‘druggable’ targets. TGF-β1, VEGF, and PD-L1 are potential therapeutic targets in ccRCC. This study analyzed their expression in human ccRCC cell lines and patient tumor biopsies. Data obtained from western blotting demonstrated higher levels of TGF-β1 and PD-L1 and lower levels of VEGF in sarcomatoid ccRCC cell lines compared to non-sarcomatoid ccRCC cell lines. In patient samples, TGF-β1 was significantly upregulated in both non-sarcomatoid and sarcomatoid ccRCC tumors. It was demonstrated through two assays (cellular thermal shift assay and a size exclusion assay) that methylseleninic acid (MSA) binds specifically and directly to TGF-β1. MSA treatment significantly downregulated TGF-β1, PD-L1, and VEGF in a dose- and time-dependent manner in both non-sarcomatoid and sarcomatoid ccRCC cell lines. Seleno-L-methionine (SLM) treatment in a nude mouse xenograft model showed a significant tumor growth inhibition and TGF-β1 downregulation at non-toxic doses. These findings suggest that selenium-mediated downregulation of TGF-β1, PD-L1, and VEGF could be a viable therapeutic strategy for ccRCC.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100864"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143000821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beyond immortality: Epstein–Barr virus and the intricate dance of programmed cell death in cancer development","authors":"Arezoo Esmaeili ,&nbsp;Prankur Awasthi ,&nbsp;Samira Tabaee","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100880","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100880","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This comprehensive review delves into the intricate role of programmed cell death in Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated malignancies, focusing on the sophisticated interplay between viral mechanisms and the host's immune response. The central objective is to unravel how EBV exerts control over cell death pathways such as apoptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy, thereby fostering its persistence and oncogenic potential. By dissecting these mechanisms, the review seeks to identify therapeutic strategies that could disrupt EBV's manipulation of these pathways, enhancing immune recognition and opening new avenues for targeted treatment. A deeper understanding of the molecular underpinnings of EBV's influence on cell death not only enriches the field of viral oncology but also pinpoints targets for drug development. Furthermore, the insights gleaned from this review could catalyze the design of vaccines aimed at preventing EBV infection or curtailing its oncogenic impact. Innovatively, the review synthesizes recent discoveries on the multifaceted roles of non-coding RNAs and cellular signaling pathways in modulating cell death within the context of EBV infection. By consolidating current knowledge and identifying areas where understanding is lacking, it lays the groundwork for future research that could lead to significant advancements in vaccine development and therapeutic interventions for EBV-related cancers. This review underscores the critical necessity for ongoing investigation into the complex interplay between EBV and host cell death mechanisms, with the ultimate goal of enhancing patient outcomes in EBV-associated diseases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"43 ","pages":"Article 100880"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143372060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Front-line liquid biopsy for early molecular assessment and treatment of hospitalized lung cancer patients","authors":"Francesca Parisi ,&nbsp;Giuseppa De Luca ,&nbsp;Manuela Mosconi ,&nbsp;Sonia Lastraioli ,&nbsp;Chiara Dellepiane ,&nbsp;Giovanni Rossi ,&nbsp;Silvia Puglisi ,&nbsp;Elisa Bennicelli ,&nbsp;Giulia Barletta ,&nbsp;Lodovica Zullo ,&nbsp;Sara Santamaria ,&nbsp;Marco Mora ,&nbsp;Alberto Ballestrero ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Montecucco ,&nbsp;Andrea Bellodi ,&nbsp;Lucia Del Mastro ,&nbsp;Matteo Lambertini ,&nbsp;Emanuela Barisione ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Cittadini ,&nbsp;Elena Tagliabue ,&nbsp;Carlo Genova","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Molecular characterization is pivotal for managing non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), although this process is often time-consuming and patients’ conditions might worsen while molecular analyses are processed.</p><p>Our primary aim was to evaluate the performance of “up-front” next-generation sequencing (NGS) through liquid biopsy (LB) of hospitalized patients with newly detected lung neoplasm in parallel with conventional diagnosis. The secondary aim included longitudinal monitoring through LB of patients with oncogenic alterations at baseline.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We enrolled 47 consecutive patients immediately after hospitalization and radiological detection of symptomatic lung neoplasm. LB from peripheral blood was performed at baseline, in parallel with conventional biopsy (CB), when feasible. Additionally, LBs were repeated during treatment in patients with actionable gene alterations at baseline. Oncomine™ Lung cfTNA Research Assay panel was employed for processing plasma samples in NGS.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>47 hospitalized patients were enrolled. LB identified 28 patients with gene alterations, including mutations of <em>EGFR</em> (<em>n</em> = 7), <em>KRAS</em> (<em>n</em> = 12), <em>ERBB2</em> (<em>n</em> = 1), <em>TP53</em> (<em>n</em> = 2), <em>BRAF</em> (<em>n</em> = 1), one <em>ALK</em> rearrangement, and 4 patients with combined mutations involving <em>EGFR, KRAS</em> and <em>PIK3CA</em>.</p><p>LB and CB were consistent, except for two patients. Three patients with positive LB for oncogenic drivers did not undergo CB due to contraindications.</p><p>Median time to molecular results after LB was significantly lower compared to time to molecular report after CB (11 <em>versus</em> 22 days, <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Despite limited numbers, our study supports the role of front-line LB for improving management of symptomatic patients with lung cancer, potentially leading to early targeted therapy initiation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100839"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000510/pdfft?md5=7de73d36aa806d8764a34cae1943472b&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000510-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142096668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor lysate particle only vaccine (TLPO) vs. Tumor lysate particle-loaded, dendritic cell vaccine (TLPLDC) to prevent recurrence in resected stage III/IV melanoma patients: Results of a phase I/IIa trial","authors":"Spencer G. Van Decar ,&nbsp;Elizabeth L. Carpenter ,&nbsp;Alexandra M. Adams ,&nbsp;Robert C. Chick ,&nbsp;Guy T. Clifton ,&nbsp;Alex Stojadinovic ,&nbsp;Timothy J. Vreeland ,&nbsp;Franklin A. Valdera ,&nbsp;Ankur Tiwari ,&nbsp;Anne E. O'Shea ,&nbsp;Patrick M. McCarthy ,&nbsp;Diane F. Hale ,&nbsp;Phillip M Kemp Bohan ,&nbsp;Annelies T. Hickerson ,&nbsp;Jessica L. Cindass ,&nbsp;John Hyngstrom ,&nbsp;Adam C. Berger ,&nbsp;James W. Jakub ,&nbsp;Jeffrey J. Sussman ,&nbsp;Montaser Shaheen ,&nbsp;George E. Peoples","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The autologous tumor lysate, particle-loaded, dendritic cell (TLPLDC) vaccine is produced from dendritic cells (DC) loaded <em>ex vivo</em> with autologous tumor lysate (TL). TLPLDC has been shown to decrease recurrence in resected Stage III/IV melanoma patients in a Phase IIb trial. The TL particle only (TLPO) vaccine is produced by loading of yeast cell wall particles with autologous TL and direct injection allowing for in vivo DC loading. We have compared the TLPO and TLPLDC vaccines in an embedded Phase I/IIa trial of a larger Phase IIb trial of the TLPLDC vaccine.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients rendered clinically disease-free after surgery were randomized 2:1 to receive the TLPO or TLPLDC vaccine and followed for recurrence and death. Patients had scheduled intradermal inoculations at 0, 1, 2, 6, 12, and 18 months after enrollment. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank analysis were used to compare disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in an intention-to-treat (ITT) analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-three patients were randomized, 43 TLPO and 20 TLPLDC. Patients randomized to the TLPO arm were more likely to be female (37.2% vs. 10.0 %, <em>p</em> = 0.026), but otherwise no significant clinicopathological differences were identified. No differences in related adverse events (AE) were found between treatment arms. At a median follow-up of 20.5 months, the DFS (60.8% vs. 58.7 %, <em>p</em> = 0.714) and OS (94.6% vs. 93.8 %, <em>p</em> = 0.966) were equivalent between the TLPO and TLPLDC groups, respectively. No statistical differences were found in subgroup analyses between vaccine types, which accounted for receipt of immunotherapy and the use of G-CSF pre-blood draw.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In a randomized, double-blind Phase I/IIa trial, there were no differences in DFS or OS in resected Stage III/IV melanoma patients receiving adjuvant TLPO versus TLPLDC vaccines. Given manufacturing advantages, further efficacy testing of TLPO is warranted in a Phase III trial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"41 ","pages":"Article 100843"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000558/pdfft?md5=a50b0641d4720fd3849db87727800dda&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000558-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142280550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional status, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio as prognostic factors of one-year survival rate in elderly patients with advanced-stage non-small cell lung cancer","authors":"Ratna Nurhayati ,&nbsp;Aulia Rizka ,&nbsp;Cleopas Martin Rumende ,&nbsp;Noorwati Sutandyo ,&nbsp;Arif Hanafi ,&nbsp;Edy Rizal Wahyudi ,&nbsp;Hamzah Shatri ,&nbsp;Anna Mira Lubis ,&nbsp;Em Yunir ,&nbsp;Muhammad Firdaus ,&nbsp;Yuniar Harris Prayitno ,&nbsp;Nadira Nibras Taqiyya","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100859","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100859","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common lung cancer found in elderly patients. Aging and chronic inflammation are related to its pathogenesis. Functional status, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio describe a chronic inflammation and correlate to the survival of older adults with advanced-stage (IIIB-IV) NSCLC. This study aims to determine functional status, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio as prognostic factors to 1-year survival in elderly patients with NSCLC stage IIIB-IV.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Survival analysis with a cohort retrospective study is conducted on elderly patients with NSCLC stage IIIB-IV in Dharmais National Cancer Center Hospital between January 2020 and June 2022. Medical records were collected, comprising complete blood count prior to chemotherapy or radiotherapy, assessment of functional status through the Barthel Index for Activities of Daily Living (ADL), and 1-year survival post-diagnosis. Factors potentially influencing outcomes included diabetes mellitus, anemia, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic kidney disease. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0, employing the log-rank method for bivariate analysis and Cox regression for multivariate analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a cohort of 108 patients, the majority were aged 60–69 years (74.1 %), male (66.7 %), diagnosed at stage IV (80.5 %), and with adenocarcinoma subtype (75.0 %). Significant correlations were observed between the lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio with the 1-year survival rate in elderly patients with stage IIIB-IV NSCLC (<em>p</em> = 0.015 and <em>p</em> = 0.001, respectively). Functional status did not show a significant correlation with 1-year survival overall (<em>p</em> = 0.540), but significant correlations were noted in patients receiving chemotherapy (<em>p</em> = 0.044) and radiotherapy (<em>p</em> = 0.009).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio provide significant prognostic insights regarding 1-year survival in elderly patients diagnosed with stage IIIB-IV non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). In contrast, the functional status of these patients does not demonstrate a significant correlation with one-year survival.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100859"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142892303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"En plaque meningioma of the temporal bone: A systematic review on the imaging and management of a rare tumor","authors":"Arianna Burato ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Maruccio ,&nbsp;Livio Presutti ,&nbsp;Ignacio Javier Fernandez ,&nbsp;Gabriele Molteni ,&nbsp;Giulia Molinari","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100854","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100854","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To review the published cases of meningioma en plaque of the temporal bone (TB-MEP), to gather evidence on the clinical assessment and management of this rare entity.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Following PRISMA statement recommendations, 383 abstracts were screened independently by two authors. Inclusion criteria were articles of human patients affected by TB-MEP; English or Italian language; availability of the abstract articles unrelated to TB-MEP, guidelines and systematic reviews were excluded. Only full-text articles reporting the diagnostic work-up and the management of the TB-MEP were considered for analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 12 articles were included, for a total of 25 patients with a mean age of 52 years (range: 31–71). The average time elapsed between the onset of symptoms and the actual diagnosis of TB-MEP was 36.5 months (range: 2–120). In most cases, the pathology presented with hearing loss (80 %), often accompanied by effusive otitis media (52 %), aural fullness (32 %), and tinnitus (32 %). The main Computed Tomography (CT) findings were hyperostosis (76 %), hairy appearance of bony margins (16 %), involvement of the mastoid and middle ear (48 %). Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) revealed dural enhancement (28 %), temporal hyperostosis (20 %), a clearly enhancing extra-axial mass (28 %), compression of the surrounding vasculo-nervous structures (8 %) and the possible involvement of the temporal lobe (8 %). Forty percent of patients underwent various medical and surgical treatment before reaching the diagnosis. Forty-four percent of patients were sent to definitive surgical treatment, 44 % to follow-up while 8 % received radiotherapy.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Meningioma en plaque (MEP) is a rare tumour, particularly when it originates within the temporal bone. Appropriate imaging in patients complaining of audiological sign and symptoms is mandatory to avoid diagnostic delays, avoid inappropriate surgical procedures, and adopt the appropriate treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100854"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142784259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic performance of digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) versus digital mammography (DM) in a population clinically referred for breast imaging – a retrospective cohort study","authors":"Naomi Noguchi ,&nbsp;Farzaneh Boroumand ,&nbsp;Katy Bell ,&nbsp;Margaret Pooley ,&nbsp;Aileen Zeng ,&nbsp;Lauren Arnold ,&nbsp;Armando Teixeira-Pinto ,&nbsp;Nehmat Houssami","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100865","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100865","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To compare the performance of Digital Breast Tomosynthesis (DBT) with Digital Mammography (DM) in patients clinically referred for breast imaging.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Diagnostic performance of DBT (in 2016, after transition to DBT) was compared with DM (in 2011, before the transition) in consecutively referred patients (N = 10,742 exams). Reference standard was outcomes from all tests including histopathology and clinical review within the same year. Primary outcome was area under receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Cancer rates did not differ between DBT (1.72 % (CI 1.38–2.15 %)) and DM (1.71 % (CI 1.40–2.08 %)). AUC-ROC was similar for DBT (0.91 (CI 0.87–0.95)) and DM (CI 0.91 (0.88–0.95)). Abnormal interpretation rate for DBT was 2.83 % (CI 2.38–3.36 %) and for DM it was 2.17 % (CI 1.82–2.58 %), and the biopsy rate for DBT was 8.2 % (CI 7.4–9.0 %) and for DM it was 9.9 % (CI 9.1–10.6 %)).</div><div>In patients with dense breasts (vs overall cohort) AUC-ROC and sensitivity were lower for both DM and DBT. Within this subgroup, AUC-ROC for DBT was 0.90 (CI 0.84–0.95) and for DM it was 0.85 (CI 0.79–0.92), sensitivity was 78.2 % (CI 65.0–88.2 %) for DBT and 64.8 % (CI 50.6–77.3 %) for DM, and ultrasound was accurate whether it was used with DBT (AUC-ROC 0.95 (CI 0.91 – 0.99)) or DM (AUC-ROC 0.95 (CI 0.90 – 0.99))</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>In clinically referred patients, diagnostic accuracy and diagnostic yield were similar between DBT and DM. DBT may have a higher abnormal interpretation rate but a lower biopsy rate. DBT may be more accurate than DM in dense breasts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100865"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PARP inhibitors as therapy for small cell lung carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials","authors":"Samuel Pratama ,&nbsp;Lowilius Wiyono ,&nbsp;Martien Silviandy Setiawan ,&nbsp;Brigitta Cindy Lauren","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100874","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2025.100874","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Small Cell Lung Cancer (SCLC) is a neuroendocrine carcinoma characterized by aggressive behavior and poor prognosis with limited treatment options. Poly ADP-Ribose Polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) are novel anti-cancer agents that induce DNA damages and cause cell death in tumor cells with impaired DNA repair, known as the synthetic lethality concept. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy and safety of PARPi for patients with SCLC from available clinical trial data.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Studies reporting efficacy and safety of PARPi therapy for SCLC patients were searched across five databases with predetermined eligibility criteria in accordance with the PRISMA statement. Critical appraisal was done using suitable tools, outcomes were extracted, and analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five randomized controlled clinical trials with 451 interventional patients and 308 control patients with SCLC were included. The analysis showed increased Progression-Free Survival (PFS) (RR 0.92 (95 %CI 0.84–1.00; p=0.05)) and Objective Response Rate (ORR) (RR 1.27 (95 %CI 1.07–1.50; p=0.007)), no significant difference in Overall Survival (OS) (RR 1.03 (95 %CI 0.92–1.15; p=0.60)), and an increased risk for serious Treatment Emergent Adverse Events (TEAEs) (RR 1.13 (95 %CI 0.95–1.35; p=0.16)) in PARPi-receiving SCLC patients. Amongst the hematologic toxicities, sub-analysis showed that thrombocytopenia had the highest risk, followed by neutropenia, anemia, leukopenia, and lymphopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The addition of PARPi in the chemotherapy regimen for patients with SCLC results in increased PFS and ORR, with no difference in OS and an increased risk of TEAEs. Further and larger clinical studies are needed to validate the efficacy and safety of PARPi therapy for SCLC patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"42 ","pages":"Article 100874"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143073986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characteristics, treatment patterns, and outcomes in patients with high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer","authors":"Francesca Coutinho ,&nbsp;Mugdha Gokhale ,&nbsp;Charlotte Doran ,&nbsp;Matthew Monberg ,&nbsp;Karin Yamada ,&nbsp;Lei Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100800","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ctarc.2024.100800","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To characterize the real-world treatment patterns and outcomes of patients with high-risk locally advanced cervical cancer (HR-LACC).</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This retrospective study identified and randomly selected adults diagnosed between 2010 and 2018 from the ConcertAI Oncology Dataset. For patients initially treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT), we estimated real-world progression-free survival (rwPFS) among those with persistent disease, real-world time on CCRT, and recurrence-free survival (rwRFS) using Kaplan-Meier methods.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The cohort included 300 patients. Median age at diagnosis was 51 years. 53.7 % were White and 30.0 % were Black; 52.0 % were premenopausal; 89.3 % had squamous cell histology; 75.3 % had stage III disease, and 92.7 % had no evidence of performance status impairment. Initial treatment included CCRT (<em>N</em> = 229), surgery (<em>N</em> = 28), antineoplastics only (<em>N</em> = 11), and radiation only (<em>N</em> = 5). Twenty-seven patients were untreated. Baseline characteristics for the CCRT-first patients were similar to the overall cohort; their median real-world time on treatment was 1.6 months; 78.2 % received cisplatin for a median of 1.2 months; 28.4 % received antineoplastics after CCRT, and 11.8 % initiated a second antineoplastic therapy. Of the CCRT-first patients, 27/143 with a complete response had subsequent recurrent disease (median rwRFS not reached). 179 patients had persistent disease, among whom median (95 % confidence interval [CI]) rwPFS was 29.7 (16.9–59.3) months.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In this study of United States-based clinical practices, most HR-LACC patients received CCRT as initial treatment. Many patients developed persistent disease after CCRT indicating a need for improved first treatment and maintenance options.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":9507,"journal":{"name":"Cancer treatment and research communications","volume":"39 ","pages":"Article 100800"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468294224000121/pdfft?md5=f7ddf2a79fac6339adf8ede5859e2b7b&pid=1-s2.0-S2468294224000121-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140015326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}