Cancer reports最新文献

{"title":"Primary Mediastinal Germ Cell Tumor With Bone Marrow Infiltration: A Case Report and Literature Review","authors":"Patricia Rioja,&nbsp;Guillermo Valencia,&nbsp;Zaida Morante,&nbsp;Renier Cruz,&nbsp;Tatiana Vidaurre,&nbsp;Silvia Neciosup","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70282","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Introduction</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Bone marrow infiltration is a rare presentation in patients with extragonadal germinal cell tumors (EGGCTs). We report a case of primary mediastinal germ cell tumor presenting with bone marrow metastases.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case Presentation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A 28-year-old male patient was admitted to Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplásicas with superior vena cava syndrome and a mediastinal mass accompanied by positive blood tumor markers for germinal cell tumor (GCT). In addition, he exhibited anemia and thrombocytopenia; therefore, bone marrow aspiration and biopsy were done and showed metastatic GCT cells. The patient started standard chemotherapy (bleomycin-etoposide-cisplatin) for 2 cycles; there was a reduction of serum tumor markers; however, the patient subsequently developed febrile neutropenia and severe pneumonia, resulting in death.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case demonstrates an uncommon presentation of EGGCT with bone marrow metastases. Early detection of this presentation will help to reduce the tumor burden and the mortality associated with it.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70282","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progression of IgM Monoclonal Gammopathy of Renal Significance (MGRS) to Symptomatic Waldenström Macroglobulinemia: A Case Report","authors":"Kenichi Ito,&nbsp;Hiroaki Shimoyamada,&nbsp;Kazuhiko Hirano,&nbsp;Naohiro Sekiguchi","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70281","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance (MGRS) is characterized as renal impairment caused by monoclonal protein but does not fulfill the criteria for specific hematologic malignancies. Most MGRS cases involve IgG, IgA, or light chains, but IgM-MGRS remains poorly understood.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We present a 74-year-old woman with IgM-κ monoclonal proteinuria who initially declined further evaluation. Later, anemia was identified, and a systemic work-up revealed monoclonal immunoglobulin deposition disease in the kidney and symptomatic Waldenström macroglobulinemia. Treatment with a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor, namely tirabrutinib, rapidly resolved both proteinuria and anemia.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case highlights the importance of early renal biopsy and prompt intervention in suspected IgM-MGRS.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Relationship Between Serum ApoB, HER2, and Myocardial Ischemia Risk in Breast Cancer Patients","authors":"Yeyan Lei,&nbsp;Dongmei Li,&nbsp;Shuang Bai,&nbsp;Xing Zeng,&nbsp;Rongyuan Yang,&nbsp;Qing Liu","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70075","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The risk factors and clinical prediction of cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with breast cancer have not been fully clarified.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This retrospective case–control study was designed to investigate the factors affecting myocardial ischemia occurrence in breast cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods and Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 194 cases (144 breast cancer and 50 benign breast tumor patients) were included. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression found that ApoB, age, and HER2 were significant factors responsible for the myocardial ischemia occurrence in breast cancer patients. By comparing the significance of ApoB in breast cancer patients versus benign breast tumor patients, it was observed that ApoB and HER2 were crucial predictors of myocardial ischemia in breast cancer patients compared to those with benign breast tumors. These factors were utilized to construct the clinical prediction model, achieving a combined area under the curve (AUC) of 0.583. The decision curve analysis (DCA) indicated that the model-predicted population, within a threshold ranging from 0.35 to 0.70, would experience a therapeutically clinical net benefit. Kaplan–Meier plot indicated that ApoB^high and HER2⁺ categories were high-risk populations for myocardial ischemia in breast cancer patients, although there was no significant difference between ApoB^low and ApoB^high subgroups for the 3-year disease-free survival.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We demonstrated that ApoB and HER2 were potential factors in predicting the myocardial ischemia occurrence in breast cancer patients. This study will help provide clinical evidence for the early prediction of cardiovascular comorbidities in breast cancer patients.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70075","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lung Cancer Management: Revolutionizing Patient Outcomes Through Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence","authors":"Taghi Riahi,&nbsp;Bahareh Shateri-Amiri,&nbsp;Amirhossein Hajialiasgary Najafabadi,&nbsp;Sina Garazhian,&nbsp;Hanieh Radkhah,&nbsp;Diar Zooravar,&nbsp;Sahar Mansouri,&nbsp;Roya Aghazadeh,&nbsp;Mohammadreza Bordbar,&nbsp;Shirin Raiszadeh","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70240","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background and Aims</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Lung cancer remains a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with early detection critical for improving prognosis. Traditional machine learning (ML) models have shown limited generalizability in clinical settings. This study proposes a deep learning-based approach using transfer learning to accurately segment lung tumor regions from CT scans and classify images as cancerous or noncancerous, aiming to overcome the limitations of conventional ML models.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We developed a two-stage model utilizing a ResNet50 backbone within a U-Net architecture for lesion segmentation, followed by a multi-layer perceptron (MLP) for binary classification. The model was trained on publicly available CT scan datasets and evaluated on an independent clinical dataset from Hazrat Rasool Hospital, Iran. Training employed binary cross-entropy and Dice loss functions. Data augmentation, dropout, and regularization were used to enhance model generalizability and prevent overfitting.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The model achieved 94% accuracy on the real-world clinical test set. Evaluation metrics, including <i>F</i>1 score, Matthews correlation coefficient (MCC), Cohen's kappa, and Dice index, confirmed the model's robustness and diagnostic reliability. In comparison, traditional ML models performed poorly on external test data despite high training accuracy, highlighting a significant generalization gap.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This research presents a reliable deep learning framework for lung cancer detection that outperforms traditional ML approaches on external validation. The results demonstrate its potential for clinical deployment. Future work will focus on prospective validation, interpretability techniques, and integration into hospital workflows to support real-time decision making and regulatory compliance.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144647101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Penile Cancer Distant Metastasis or Primary Lung Cancer? Using Focused Genomic Profiling of Tumor and Germline Mutations With Next-Generation Sequencing for Clinical Decision-Making","authors":"Christian A. Moen,&nbsp;Ida M. Nordanger,&nbsp;Ása Karlsdóttir,&nbsp;Alfred Honoré,&nbsp;Patrick Juliebø-Jones,&nbsp;Siri M. Blomberg,&nbsp;Torjan M. Haslerud,&nbsp;Christina Aamelfot,&nbsp;Pirjo-Riitta Salminen,&nbsp;Christian Beisland,&nbsp;Hildegunn H. Vetti,&nbsp;Daniela E. Costea,&nbsp;Ellen Berget","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70278","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The presence of a distant metastasis in penile squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC) is associated with a very poor prognosis. When isolated distant tumors are detected in patients with known PSCC, it is therefore important to accurately determine whether such lesions represent penile cancer metastasis or indeed a new primary cancer. This distinction can have a significant influence on both patient prognostication as well as recommended treatment regimens.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Cases</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this case series, we present three patients surgically treated for inguinal node-positive PSCC. Two of the patients developed isolated lesions in the right hilar lymph nodes within 14 months after surgery, and one patient had a concurrent lesion in the right upper lobe at the time of diagnosis. None of the standard radiological or histopathological examinations could truly identify the origin of these lesions. Moreover, neither could biomarker analysis with p16^INK4a and human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA status. However, focused genomic profiling of both penile and thoracic tumor tissue with next generation sequencing (NGS) technology identified specific mutations in the <i>TP53</i> gene (2 cases) and a potentially actionable mutation in the <i>ERBB2</i> gene (1 case) that additionally could aid in distinguishing possible primary lung SCC from metastatic PSCC. No germline mutations were detected.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Focused NGS analysis of tumor tissue can provide molecular insights that may help clarify the possible origin of thoracic tumors in patients with PSCC. The results may support clinical decision-making and also be used for prognostication and patient counseling.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70278","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144635076","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation Between Pathological and MRI Radiological Tumor Responses to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Non-Luminal Breast Cancer: A Single Institution Experience","authors":"Wesal M. Eldehna,&nbsp;Fawzy Elbarbry,&nbsp;Abdul Hameed Hassan,&nbsp;Rafat Abu Shakra,&nbsp;Ahmed Elaryan,&nbsp;Ola Mousa Abdelfattah Elnady,&nbsp;Elshaimaa Mohamed Mohamed","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70275","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70275","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) is the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced breast cancer. In recent years, it has also been used for early-stage triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2⁺) breast cancers.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objectives</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Our hypothesis asserts a correlation between breast radiological and pathological response post-NACT in non-luminal breast cancer patients. We also aimed to determine the predictive value of MRI in predicting response in these patients. Radiologist agreement upon radiological MRI response is also highlighted in the current study.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A retrospective study to evaluate MRI's accuracy for assessing tumor response to NACT in early and locally advanced non-metastatic breast cancer patients in comparison with pathological assessments. We enrolled cases that were treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy between December 2019 and November 2023.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Dynamic MRI's sensitivity to detect tumor response is 86.4%, its specificity is 96.8%, and its accuracy is 92.4%, with a significant <i>p</i>-value. So, the high correlation between measurements of residual disease detected by MRI and those detected by pathological assessment supports the use of MRI for imaging assessment during NACT. The two radiologists involved in our study were in good agreement in their assessment of radiological response (Kappa: 0.801, sensitivity: 85.7%, specificity: 93.8%, and accuracy: 90.6%).</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The accuracy of imaging assessment by breast MRI during NACT is validated by the greater correlation between measurements of residual disease on MRI and pathology, establishing its role as the most precise imaging modality. We strongly advocate for the dependable role of MRI in monitoring breast lesions during neoadjuvant therapy, especially in non-luminal breast cancer cases, regardless of whether they present as mass or non-mass enhancement patterns.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70275","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144615392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Therapeutic Indications of Pembrolizumab in Eight Common Cancers: Current Evidence and Future Directions","authors":"Raghed Mansour,&nbsp;Alghaidaq Shreba,&nbsp;Karam Khaddour,&nbsp;Michael Georgeos,&nbsp;Zuheir Alshehabi","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70234","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70234","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Pembrolizumab is a monoclonal antibody that inhibits the programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor pathway, which has increasingly been implicated in cancer treatment regimens. Since its first approval for melanoma in 2014, many trials have investigated the efficacy and safety of this new drug in different cancers. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic advances achieved with pembrolizumab in the management of eight cancers that are associated with a relatively poor prognosis. We also report the FDA approvals of this drug, highlighting promising ongoing trials and potential aspects for future research.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Recent Findings</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Numerous trials have demonstrated robust anti-cancer effects, high response rates, and a favorable safety profile of pembrolizumab monotherapy or its combination in different lines and treatment settings. With the encouraging survival benefits of this treatment in advanced/metastatic disease, there has been an increasing tendency to explore its therapeutic potential in early-stage disease. Thus, pembrolizumab was effectively added to the standard neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen for resectable TNBC and NSCLC, followed by adjuvant pembrolizumab monotherapy after resection. Similar positive results were found with the adjuvant administration of pembrolizumab after surgery in resectable RCC and melanoma. Pembrolizumab has also been recently studied in locally advanced resectable gastric and gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma as well as early-stage estrogen receptor-positive/human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative breast cancer as a neoadjuvant-adjuvant regimen.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusions</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The advent of immunotherapeutic agents such as pembrolizumab has unprecedently altered cancer therapy regimens; however, future research efforts should address the need for biomarkers that could better identify patients who would most likely respond to such therapy and investigate new combinations that could overcome resistance to immunotherapy.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70234","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144589657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lower Cervical Chordomas: A Case Report and Differential Diagnosis","authors":"Yosita Muenkaew,&nbsp;Artit Jinawath,&nbsp;Wichit Cheewaruangroj","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70270","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70270","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Chordomas are rare tumors that arise from notochord remnants and are typically located in the axial skeleton. Chordomas arising in the lower cervical spine are rare.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Method</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We report a case of a 79-year-old man who presented with a lump on the left side of his neck, indicating an unusual presentation of a chordoma in the lower cervical region. This report describes the clinical, radiological, and histological results of this patient who sought medical attention for a left-sided neck mass. Additional diagnostic tests, including immunohistochemistry and biopsy, confirmed the existence of a chordoma affecting the lower cervical region.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Result</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>The precision of a diagnosis of cervical chordoma hinges on imaging study results and confirmation provided by histological examination, typically through biopsy and immunohistochemistry. The primary treatment for cervical chordoma is the surgical resection. Adjunctive therapies, such as radiation therapy and, in some cases, chemotherapy, may be used to manage residual disease or recurrent tumors.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case emphasizes the rarity of lower cervical chordomas, which present as a neck mass and are a diagnostic dilemma. Total excision is complex and relies on combining multiple disciplines including imaging, immunohistochemistry, and adjunct radiation therapy. Long-term follow-up and early detection are key to better outcomes and reduced recurrence.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Level of Evidence</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>5.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70270","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144582385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Over Two Years of Sustained Remission With Olaparib Monotherapy in Stage IV Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer With ATM Mutation: A Case Report","authors":"Zhiting Tang,&nbsp;Ran Bi,&nbsp;Mutasim Idriss,&nbsp;Qian Wang,&nbsp;Qi Wang,&nbsp;Makiko Ban-Hoefen","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70276","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Background</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) mutations represent the most common homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, their therapeutic role in NSCLC has not been established.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Case</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Here, we present a case of a 91-year-old male with metastatic NSCLC who progressed on multiple lines of treatment. Next-generation sequencing revealed ATM mutations, leading to the initiation of olaparib, which successfully achieved remission over a two-year period.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Conclusion</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This case underscores the promising role of olaparib in treating NSCLC with HRD, particularly ATM mutations, highlighting the importance of molecular testing and targeted therapies.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70276","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Random Survival Forest Based-Overall Survival With Deep Learning and Cox Proportional Hazard Models in HER-2-Positive HR-Negative Breast Cancer","authors":"Wenqi Cai,&nbsp;Yan Qi,&nbsp;Linhui Zheng,&nbsp;Huachao Wu,&nbsp;Chunqian Yang,&nbsp;Runze Zhang,&nbsp;Chaoyan Wu,&nbsp;Haijun Yu","doi":"10.1002/cnr2.70262","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cnr2.70262","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Background&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;Traditional CoxPH models are limited in handling real-world data complexities. While machine learning models like RSF and DeepSurv show promise, their application and comparative evaluation in the HER2-positive/HR-negative breast cancer subtype require further validation.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Aims&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study aims to build a survival prediction model for breast cancer patients based on different methods. The optimal model will provide more accurate survival predictions for clinical decision-making of HER2 positive and HR negative cancer patients.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Methods and Results&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;This study analyzed 8,119 HER2-positive HR-negative breast cancer patients from the SEER database, randomly allocated to training/validation/test cohorts (7:1:2 ratio). Predictive models were developed using five feature sets and three algorithms (Cox PH, RSF, DeepSurv), with feature selection optimized via Concordance index (C-index). Evaluation revealed: The C-index of the DeepSurv models constructed using the training set is greater than 0.8, performing better than both the RSF and CoxPH models. However, CoxPH outperforms DeepSurv in terms of C-index when testset. The Brier scores for all models were below 0.25. Which indicates that the models predicted with high accuracy. Based on the training set, the Deepsurv model predicted the highest ROC-AUCs of 0.91, 0.863, and 0.855 for 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival (OS), respectively. The RSF model achieved the highest AUCs, specifically 0.876, 0.861, and 0.845, for 1-, 3-, and 5-year overall survival in the test group. The calibration graphs indicate that of the three models forecasting overall survival at 1, 3, and 5 years, the RSF model demonstrated the greatest level of agreement between predictions and actual observations, trailed by the DeepSurv model. There was poor agreement between CoxPH model predictions and observed data. Optimal Clinical Net Benefits at 1, 3, and 5 Years for DCA of the Deepsurv Model in the Training Set Data. However, in the test set, compared to other models, RSF showed better Optimal Clinical Net Benefits.&lt;/p&gt;\u0000 &lt;/section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;section&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;h3&gt; Conclusions&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;p&gt;In conclusion, compared to conventional prognostic models, the Random Survival Forest (RSF) model serves as a reliable tool for predicting long-term survival in breast cancer patients, demonstrating consistent performance across diverse datasets. Furthermore, the feature set selected via RSF-Variable Importance (VIMP) (compared with LASSO regression and Cox regr","PeriodicalId":9440,"journal":{"name":"Cancer reports","volume":"8 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cnr2.70262","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144573546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}