Romanian journal of ophthalmology最新文献

{"title":"Progression of corneal thinning and melting after collagen cross-linking for keratoconus.","authors":"Shreesha Kumar Kodavoor, Suvarna Chaji Sugali, Gopinathan Selvaraju, Ramamurthy Dandapani","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2024.44","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2024.44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To study the aetiology, diverse clinical manifestations, therapeutic interventions, and prognoses in patients with corneal thinning after collagen cross-linking (CXL) treatment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a retrospective observational study of all patients presenting with corneal thinning after collagen cross-linking, in a tertiary eye care hospital in south India from 2011 to 2017. Preoperative details were noted. Patients who presented with corneal thinning were subjected to investigative measures to assess thinning, received appropriate management, and underwent follow-up evaluations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 12 patients, 8 were female and 4 were male, all of whom had undergone standard classical CXL. The duration between CXL and corneal melting/thinning onset varied from 5 to 12 years. Notably, among female patients, 2 were pregnant, 2 were lactating mothers, 1 was undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment, and 1 had comorbid diabetes mellitus and hyperthyroidism. Clinical examination revealed corneal thinning accompanied by hypopyon in 1 patient, corneal perforation with shallow anterior chamber in 1 patient, and epithelial defect with crystalline deposit in another patient, the remaining patients exhibited corneal thinning. Corneal thinnest corneal thickness measurements ranged from 212 to 351 µm. Treatment approaches included penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) in 2 patients, deep anterior lamellar keratoplasty (DALK) in 1 patient, cyanoacrylate glue application in 1 patient, and awaiting DALK/PKP in three patients, 4 patients showing no signs of increased thinning.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The incidence of corneal thinning after collagen cross-linking is less but fulminant, requiring timely and appropriate management to prevent visual complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"68 3","pages":"236-242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11503234/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Retinal Structural and Angiographic Parameters in Diabetic Patients, Alzheimer's Disease Patients, and Healthy Controls: An OCT-Based Study.","authors":"Paul-Gabriel Borodi, Mark Slevin, Andrei Hopulele-Petri, Anca Crainic, Pușa Pop, Iulia-Maria Gavriș, Maria-Monica Gavriș","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2024.26","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2024.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This study aimed to investigate the potential connections between Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and diabetes. <b>Methods:</b> This is a cross-sectional study in which AD and diabetes patients sent by the Psychiatry and Diabetes Departments for ophthalmological screening were observed for inclusion/exclusion criteria. Patients were divided into two comparison groups. The first group (n=3) consisted of the age-matched normal and diabetic patient of the stage 3 AD disease participant. The second group (n=3) was for the stage 5 AD patient with diabetes and normal age-matched controls. Each patient underwent a full ophthalmological examination and SS-OCT (Swept Source-Ocular Computer Tomography) for retinal evaluation. <b>Results:</b> A total of 6 patients (12 eyes) were obtained, three men and three women. In the early AD group, the patient with diabetes showed lower macular thickness compared to other groups. In the nasal-inferior (NI) and temporal-superior (TS) ganglion cell layer (GCL), the AD patient showed statistically significant lower values compared to the other patients. In the moderately severe AD group, we found that the AD patient had lower retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness on the temporal side compared to the rest of the patients and both the AD patient and diabetes patient showed lower RNFL thickness in the nasal-superior (NS) quadrant. Also, the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area was statistically significantly lower for both the diabetes and AD patients compared to the healthy control. <b>Conclusions:</b> In conclusion, distinct retinal findings associated with AD and diabetes in young and elderly patients were revealed in our study. The clinical implications and potential interplay between these conditions need to be elucidated by further research. <b>Abbreviations:</b> AD = Alzheimer's Disease, SS-OCT = Swept Source - Ocular Computer Tomography, GCL = Ganglion cell layer, RNFL = Retinal nerve fiber layer, FAZ = foveal avascular zone.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"68 2","pages":"143-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11238853/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral Lacrimal Gland Lymphoma - Case Presentation.","authors":"Violeta Ioana Prună, Diana Mihaela Ciuc, Valeriu Gabi Dincă, Viorel Mihai Prună","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2024.36","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2024.36","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lacrimal gland lymphomas are rare orbital tumors, constituting a minor fraction of all orbital and ocular adnexal malignancies. This case study presents an 83-year-old male with bilateral lacrimal gland tumors, more prominent in the left orbit, causing decreased visual acuity, red eye, excessive tearing, and diplopia. Initial ophthalmological evaluations and imaging suggested bilateral lacrimal gland lymphoma, confirmed by histopathology as diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the MALT type. Due to the significant tumor size and risk of visual function loss, surgical intervention was performed, followed by corticosteroid therapy. Postoperatively, a marked improvement in symptoms and a reduction in tumor size were observed. This case underscores the importance of comprehensive diagnostic approaches, including clinical, imaging, and histopathological evaluations, highlighting the need for a multidisciplinary approach in managing rare orbital tumors like lacrimal gland lymphoma. The patient's postoperative and follow-up care included oncological management to monitor and ensure long-term disease control and patient well-being. <b>Abbreviations:</b> RE = right eye, LE = left eye, CT = Computer tomography, MRI = Magnetic Resonance Imaging, TOD = intraocular pressure of right eye, TOS = intraocular pressure of left eye, US = ultrasound.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"68 2","pages":"191-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11238863/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bilateral ocular manifestations of Sturge-Weber syndrome: a rare case report.","authors":"Aparajita Chaudhary, Shivani Garg","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2024.32","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2024.32","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The rare neurocutaneous condition known as Sturge-Weber syndrome (SWS) is characterized by leptomeninges, or angiomas affecting the face, eyes, and brain. We report a newly diagnosed case that came to our institute complaining of a diminution of vision BE that had been going on for the past 1 year. Upon examination, the patient exhibited bluish discoloration of the sclera, an increase in the size of the cornea, and the characteristic port wine stain (PWS) on the face. Intraocular pressure BE was 30 mmHg with an applanation tonometer. The cup disc ratio on fundoscopy was 0.9 RE and 0.8 LE with characteristic glaucomatous disc changes BE. The child was treated with antiglaucoma medications. <b>Abbreviations:</b> SWS = Sturge-Weber syndrome, PWS = Port wine stain, CNS = Central nervous system, CT = Computed Tomography, IOP = Intraocular pressure, OCT = Optical coherence tomography, RE = Right eye, LE = Left eye, BE = Both eyes, ASOCT = Anterior segment optical coherence tomography.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"68 2","pages":"173-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11238852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of the intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and glycated haemoglobin on the management of diabetic neovascular glaucoma.","authors":"Olga Volodymyrivna Guzun, Oleg Serhiyovіch Zadorozhnyy, Liudmyla Mykolayivna Velychko, Oleksandra Viktorivna Bogdanova, Lilia Gheorghe Dumbrăveanu, Vitalie Valeriu Cuşnir, Andrii Rostyslavovich Korol","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2024.25","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2024.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Introduction:</b> The study hypothesizes that some patients with diabetic neovascular glaucoma (NVG) do not fully respond to transscleral (TSC) cyclophotocoagulation (CPC) due to significant inflammation and insufficient glucose control. <b>Objective:</b> The study aimed to determine the effect of baseline blood levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) on the management of patients with diabetic NVG by TSC CPC. <b>Methods:</b> This open prospective study included 70 diabetic patients (75 eyes; aged Ме 63.0 years) with painful NVG and 20 healthy individuals (aged Ме 61.5 years) as an immunological control. All patients underwent TSC СPC with a diode laser. Baseline HbA1c levels and ICAM-1 expression in blood samples were determined. Follow-up was 12 months. <b>Results:</b> One month after TSC CPC, IOP decreased by 28% compared to baseline. The effectiveness of laser treatment after 12 months of follow-up was 63% with IOP decrease by 46%. In patients with NVG, the initial level of ICAM-1 was 2.5 times higher than in the control group. Patients who did not fully respond to the first TSC CPC (30 eyes) and required additional laser procedure, had high initial HbA1c (9.5%) and high expression values of the ICAM-1 (609.0 cells/μL). <b>Conclusions:</b> Repeated procedures of TSC CPC at high IOP in diabetic patients with NVG are associated with high initial values of expression of ICAM-1 in peripheral blood and high HbA1c. The strategy of management of patients with diabetic NVG should be aimed at intensive glucose control and local anti-inflammatory treatment. <b>Abbreviations:</b> PDR = proliferative diabetic retinopathy, DR = diabetic retinopathy, NVG = neovascular glaucoma, TSC CPC = transscleral cyclophotocoagulation, ICAM-1 = intercellular adhesion molecule-1, HbA1c = glycated haemoglobin, IOP = intraocular pressure.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"68 2","pages":"135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11238871/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The importance of minimizing carbon footprint in Ophthalmology to ensure environmental sustainability.","authors":"Consuela-Mădălina Gheorghe","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2024.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22336/rjo.2024.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"68 2","pages":"87-88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11238860/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adie's tonic pupil after COVID-19: a case report and literature review.","authors":"Gülay Yalçınkaya Çakır, Işıl Başgil Paşaoğlu, İhsan Çakır, Banu Solmaz","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2024.18","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2024.18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> Various neurological complications have been reported after COVID-19. The study aimed to document an unusual case of Adie's tonic pupil following COVID-19. <b>Methods:</b> The study was a case report. <b>Results:</b> A 28-year-old female had suffered a flu-like disease about 2 months before and the SARSCoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test at that time was positive. Two weeks after infection she noticed an asymmetry between the pupils. The only pathological finding on examination was anisocoria with a larger left pupil in ambient light. Light reflexes were observed in the right eye, while in the left eye, they were absent. Also, there was no near response in the left pupil. A 0.1% pilocarpine test results validated Adie's pupil diagnosis. After one year of follow-up, the anisocoria decreased but did not completely recover. <b>Discussion:</b> COVID-19 may cause damage to neural structures due to autoimmune ways by activating immune pathways or because of vascular complications that may affect the vasa nervorum. Adie's tonic pupil is often idiopathic, but it may develop following viral infection. <b>Conclusions:</b> Ocular complications that involve pupil abnormalities may manifest following COVID-19. In the cases of Adie's tonic pupil, infectious diseases, including COVID-19, should be questioned. <b>Abbreviations:</b> RT PCR = reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"68 2","pages":"89-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11238870/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atypical Presentation of Foster Kennedy Syndrome due to Neurocysticercosis: A Rare Case Report.","authors":"Aparajita Chaudhary, Ruchi Agarwal","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2024.33","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2024.33","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This case highlights the atypical presentation of Foster-Kennedy syndrome (FKS) associated with Neurocysticercosis (NCC), a prevalent cause of space-occupying lesions in areas endemic to the parasite. We report a newly diagnosed case of NCC in a 13-year-old boy who presented with a one-day history of abnormal movements of the left side of the body and no ocular complaints. Fundus examination of the patient revealed temporal disc pallor and a cup disc ratio (CDR) of 0.6 in the right eye suggesting unilateral optic disc atrophy and a hyperaemic disc with CDR 0.3 and blood vessel tortuosity in the left eye suggesting contralateral impending disc edema, mimicking the classic triad of FKS. He was diagnosed with NCC based on clinical features and radiological findings and was started on Carbamazepine (400 mg), Prednisolone (60 mg), Albendazole (400 mg), Acetazolamide (750 mg), and Vitamin B12 complex. <b>Abbreviations:</b> BCVA = Best Corrected Visual Acuity, CDR = Cup-Disc Ratio, CT = Computed Tomography, FKS = Foster Kennedy Syndrome, IDSA = Infectious Diseases Society of America, ICP = Intracranial Pressure, IOP = Intraocular Pressure, MRI = Magnetic Resonance Imaging, NCC = Neurocysticercosis, OOC = Orbital/Ocular Cysticercosis, OD = Right Eye, OS = Left Eye, OU = Both Eyes, RNFL = Retinal Nerve Fibre Layer, WNL = Within Normal Limits.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"68 2","pages":"177-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11238855/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dacryoadenitis: do not forget ANCA vasculitis.","authors":"Abir Derbel, Raida Ben Salah, Rihem Boukhzar, Faten Frikha, Sameh Marzouk, Zouhir Bahloul","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2024.35","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2024.35","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> This paper aimed to describe another form of aggressive limited Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) revealed by dacryoadenitis. <b>Methods and results:</b> We report an unusually limited GPA in a 48-year-old man presenting with bilateral proptosis. She had never presented kidney or pulmonary manifestations, but her disease was persistently active including oto-rhino-laryngological manifestations, dacryoadenitis, and neurological manifestations unresponsive to corticosteroids and immunosuppressors. <b>Discussion:</b> Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) is an auto-immune inflammatory vasculitis. Involvement of lacrimal glands as the first presentation is uncommon. It is characterized by the development of granulomas. Patients with orbital mass without lacrimal gland involvement have a higher rate of systemic disease, a severe clinical course, and a higher rate of recurrences. A patient with dacryoadenitis seems to be with a good prognosis. Eye manifestations were significantly more common in patients with pachymeningitis. MPO-ANCA-positive pachymeningitis was more frequent in older female patients. PR3-ANCA-positive pachymeningitis had more severe neurological damage. Induction treatment consists of intravenous methylprednisolone (IV) associated with cyclophosphamide. <b>Conclusion:</b> Faced with dacryoadenitis, it is important to screen for ANCA-associated vasculitis. <b>Abbreviations:</b> GPA = Granulomatosis with polyangiitis, ANCA = Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibodies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"68 2","pages":"187-190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11238856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficiency of Combining Heated Eye Mask with Intense Pulsed Light Therapy as a Treatment Option for Evaporative Dry Eye Disease.","authors":"Cristina-Patricia Pac, Francis Ferrari, Nadina Mercea, Mihnea Munteanu","doi":"10.22336/rjo.2024.29","DOIUrl":"10.22336/rjo.2024.29","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background and objectives:</b> The study aimed to establish the efficiency of combining the Posiforlid heated eye mask with intense pulsed light therapy (IPL), as a treatment strategy for evaporative dry eye disease. <b>Materials and methods:</b> This study included 110 patients, respectively 220 eyes, diagnosed with evaporative dry eye disease, patients between 18 and 86 years old, divided into two study groups. The first one, the control group, consisted of 73 patients treated with IPL therapy, and the second of 37 patients, who underwent IPL therapy associated with Posiforlid heated eye mask. Subjective evolution was assessed using an eye fitness test (EFT) regarding symptomatology. Objective assessment of the ocular surface was performed by tear film stability evaluation (TFSE), non-invasive first break-up time (NIFBUT), non-invasive average breakup time (NIABUT), ocular surface inflammatory evaluation (OSIE), measuring of the central tear meniscus height (CTMH) and thinnest tear meniscus height (TTMH). The assessment was performed at the beginning of the IPL treatment, during the IPL sessions, at the end of the IPL treatment, and afterward, at 3, 6, and 12 months. <b>Results:</b> Tear film stability has increased in both study cases, but no statistically significant difference was observed between the two groups studied. For the control group, tear film stability evaluation (TFSE) started from 310.56 ± 389.54 at baseline (time 1 presentation) to 114.40 ± 122.90 after 12 months, and for the heated mask group, from 391.11 ± 456.45 (time 1 presentation) to 97.38 ± 105.98 after 12 months. NIABUT increased from 10.72 ± 4.90 seconds to 14.79 ± 3.72 seconds in the control group, and from 11.11 ± 5.08 seconds to 15.84 ± 2.26 seconds in the second group. OSIE decreased, as expected, from 7.18 ± 7.93 percent in the control group to 2.24 ± 2.38 percent after 12 months and from 7.42 ± 7.77 percent to 2.47 ± 2.50 percent in the Posiforlid group. Although significantly lower, there was no significant difference between the two studied groups. No statistically significant changes were registered in the studied quantitative parameters. Using the EFT test, great improvements were registered regarding symptomatology, with a score increasing from 29.99 ± 8.60 to 39.10 ± 5.08 in the control group and from 27.35 ± 9.24 to 38.35 ± 4.62 in the other group. Again, the same statistical result was registered on this variable. <b>Conclusions:</b> The improvement of tear film stability, ocular surface inflammatory condition, and subjective symptoms during IPL therapy sessions and the first year of observation after the completion of the treatment was not necessarily increased by the additional use of a heated eye mask. <b>Abbreviations:</b> IPL = intense pulsed light therapy, EFT = eye fitness test, NIFBUT = non-invasive first break-up time, NIABUT = non-invasive average break-up time, OSIE = ocular surface inflammatory evaluation, TFSE = tear film stability e","PeriodicalId":94355,"journal":{"name":"Romanian journal of ophthalmology","volume":"68 2","pages":"158-165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11238869/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141617964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}