Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets最新文献

{"title":"Unraveling the Lipidomic Determinants of Atrial Fibrillation: An Extensive Mendelian Randomization Study.","authors":"Lingyan Ye, Dongli Lin, Feng Chen, Xiaoyong Huang, Xianjun Wu","doi":"10.2174/0118715303378914250418095928","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303378914250418095928","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Atrial Fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent form of cardiac arrhythmia, with a complex etiology that implicates lipid metabolism. This study employs Mendelian Randomization (MR) to dissect the causal relationships between lipidomic profiles and AF, utilizing comprehensive genetic data to clarify these associations.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Summary statistics for 179 lipid species across 13 classes were retrieved from the GWAS Catalog, encompassing 7,174 Finnish individuals from the GeneRISK study. For AF, data were synthesized from six major studies comprising over one million subjects. Our Two-Sample MR (TSMR) approach was implemented using Inverse Variance Weighting (IVW), MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO for sensitivity analysis. Additionally, we uniquely integrated the Mendelian Randomization-Bayesian Model Averaging (MR_BMA) method to robustly prioritize the most likely causal lipid determinants of AF, and performed bidirectional MR analysis to assess potential reverse causality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The TSMR analysis, reinforced by MR_BMA, revealed significant causal associations between specific lipid species and AF risk. In particular, Phosphatidylcholine (17:0_18:2) was associated with a decreased risk of AF (OR = 0.96, 95% CI 0.93-0.99, P<0.05), whereas Phosphatidylcholine (16:0_20:5) and Phosphatidylcholine (17:0_20:4) were linked to increased risks (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.01-1.07, P<0.01; and OR = 1.02, 95% CI 1.00-1.05, P<0.05, respectively). Furthermore, elevated levels of Phosphatidylethanolamine (18:0_20:4) (OR = 1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.06, P<0.01) and Triacylglycerol (50:4) (OR = 1.04, 95% CI 1.00-1.07, P<0.05) were also associated with increased AF risk. In addition, Sphingomyelin (d34:2), Sterol ester (27:1/18:0), and Sterol ester (27:1/18:3) emerged as further risk factors, thereby expanding the spectrum of lipidomic determinants implicated in AF. The bidirectional MR analysis provided no evidence of reverse causation, reinforcing the directionality of the lipid-driven association. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated robust findings with no indication of pleiotropy or heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study provides strong evidence for the causal role of specific lipid species in the development of AF. Our comprehensive MR analysis not only deepens our understanding of AF pathophysiology but also highlights the therapeutic potential of targeting these lipid alterations. Notably, the absence of reverse causation supports a unidirectional relationship wherein altered lipid species drive AF risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the Space GlucoseControl System for Managing Stress-Induced Hyperglycemia in ICU Patients: Efficacy and Safety Assessment.","authors":"Peng-Cheng Liu, Dan-Dan Fan, Qun-Ying Bao, Xiao-Mei Jiang, Juan Lu","doi":"10.2174/0118715303346311250415111740","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303346311250415111740","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the increasing adoption of the Space GlucoseControl system (SGCs), a novel blood glucose management technique, in critically ill patients, its efficacy and safety warrant further investigation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of SGCs in managing patients with stress-induced hyperglycemia in the intensive care unit.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective study was conducted involving 22 patients with stress-induced hyperglycemia monitored using the SGCs for 72 hours. Measurements included mean blood glucose, maximum blood glucose, minimum blood glucose, and frequencies of hyperglycemia (> 8.3 mmol/L), hypoglycemia (< 4.4 mmol/L), and target blood glucose (4.4 - 8.3 mmol/L).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Mean blood glucose level was significantly different at 24 hours and 48 hours and 24 hours and 72 hours with SGCs (24h vs 48h, P=0.0289; 24h vs 72h, P=0.0252). The frequency of hyperglycemia (> 8.3 mmol/L) (24h vs 48h, P=0.0289; 24h vs 72h, P=0.0216) was significantly reduced at 48 hours and 72 hours compared to 24 hours. The mean interval between blood glucose measurements was significantly extended at 48 hours and 72 hours compared to 24 hours (24h vs 48h, P=0.0037; 24h vs 72h, P=0.0332). The frequency of target blood glucose (4.4 - 8.3 mmol/L) under SGCs blood glucose management at 48 hours and 72 hours was significantly higher than at 24 hours (24h vs 48h, P=0.0395; 24h vs 72h, P=0.0379). There was no significant difference in the frequency of hypoglycemia (< 4.4 mmol/L) and the maximum blood glucose values between 24 hours, 48 hours, and 72 hours with SGCs glucose management (P>0.05). These findings indicate that SGCs blood glucose management can promote greater stability in the blood glucose levels of patients and alleviate the workload of medical staff to some extent.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SGCs is effective in stabilizing blood glucose levels, increasing the frequency of target blood glucose values, and thereby reducing significant glucose fluctuations, which can improve patient recovery outcomes. Additionally, prolonged use of the SGC system not only optimizes glucose management but also significantly alleviates the workload of nursing staff, enhancing efficiency and allowing for more focused patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current Status and Future Prospects of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Research in the Treatment of Multiple Myeloma.","authors":"Xiaojia Guo, Yuan Liu, LianSheng Zhang, Zhengdong Hao, Songlin Chu, Wen Zhou, Lijuan Li","doi":"10.2174/0118715303379372250417112236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303379372250417112236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Multiple myeloma (MM) is an aggressive hematological tumor characterized by an abnormal proliferation of bone marrow plasma cells accompanied by an overproduction of monoclonal immunoglobulins. The clinical manifestations of MM are varied, with the main ones being anemia, bone pain, renal insufficiency, infections, hemorrhage, neurological symptoms, and hypercalcemia. Chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and stem cell transplantation can provide some relief to patients. However, with the immunodeficiency and immune tolerance that occurs with the progression of the disease, MM is still not completely curable. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) provide a new strategy for the treatment of multiple myeloma by blocking the immune escape mechanism of tumor cells and enhancing the ability of T cells to recognize and kill tumors. Currently, immune checkpoint-related therapies such as PD-1/PD-L1, CTLA-4, and TIGIT have attracted extensive attention and research in the field of MM. Due to differences in the genetic characteristics of tumors, the composition of the tumor microenvironment, and the immune status of patients, these therapies face problems such as limited efficacy and immunotoxicity, and the treatment regimens still need to be further optimized. This review summarizes the current research status, challenges and future directions of targeted immune checkpoint therapies for multiple myeloma.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Male Osteoporosis: A Comprehensive Review of Treatment Approaches in Modern Pharmacotherapy and Traditional Chinese Medicine Interventions.","authors":"Yuanzhong Wang, Guiju Chen, Zaifu Zhou, Wenjian Zhao, Sok Kuan Wong, Yuxia Wang, Kok-Yong Chin","doi":"10.2174/0118715303206506250404180458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303206506250404180458","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Male osteoporosis presents a significant yet often overlooked health concern, characterised by reduced bone mass and increased fracture risk. This medical problem warrants comprehensive treatment approaches integrating modern pharmacotherapy and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) interventions. This review aims to provide an extensive overview of the treatment options available for male osteoporosis, encompassing both conventional medications and traditional Chinese herbal remedies. Modern pharmacotherapy offers treatments to mitigate bone loss, enhance bone density, and reduce fracture risk in male osteoporotic patients. These options include bisphosphonates, denosumab, teriparatide, abaloparatide, romosozumab, raloxifene, calcitonin, and testosterone replacement therapy. The efficacy of these medications is well-established; however, their potential side effects cannot be overlooked. Meanwhile, TCM interventions offer promising alternatives with minimal adverse effects. Various TCM treatments, such as Duhuo Jisheng Decoction, Liuwei Dihuang Decoction, Erxian Decoction, Jintiange Capsule, Qianggu Capsule, Xianling Gubao Capsule, Zuogui Pill, Qing'e Pill, and Gusongbao, have demonstrated efficacy in improving bone health and reducing fracture risk in male osteoporotic patients. Additionally, alternative treatments, including acupuncture, tuina, and infrared laser therapy, provide further therapeutic avenues for managing male osteoporosis, highlighting the holistic approach of TCM. Future research should focus on evaluating the efficacy, safety, and potential synergistic effects of combining different modalities to enhance the treatment outcomes for male osteoporotic patients. Although the efficacy of TCM is notable, it largely relies on evidence-based medicine and experiential use, with fewer double-blinded studies. Therefore, more vigorous studies are needed to establish the role of TCM as a valid complementary treatment option for osteoporosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Steroid Use, Adrenal Suppression, and Emergency Department Visits in COPD Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Talha Karahan, Nezihat Rana Dişel, Ömer Taşkın, Gülçin Dağlıoğlu, Mustafa Oğuz Tuğcan, Ahmet Sebe, Ayça Açıkalın Akpınar","doi":"10.2174/0118715303397988250428050120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303397988250428050120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>İntroduction: This study aims to investigate the relationship between steroid use, adrenal suppression, and frequent emergency department (ED) visits in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Systemic glucocorticoids are commonly prescribed in the management of COPD exacerbations; however, prolonged or repeated steroid use may lead to adrenal suppression. Although the standard steroid regimen for COPD exacerbations is short-term, frequent ED visits may result in cumulative steroid exposure, raising concerns about adrenal insufficiency and its clinical consequences. This study investigates the potential association between steroid-induced adrenal suppression and frequent ED visits among COPD patients. It further examines the impact of steroid administration on cortisol and Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) levels. Methods: This prospective, cross-sectional, observational study was conducted in a university- based ED. Patients with COPD, with dyspnea and who presented to the ED between 06:00-08:00 were included. Demographics, previous presentations to the ED, medications used, hormone levels, and other laboratory results were recorded. Fifty patients (82% were male) included Results: Sputum symptoms along with incidences of heart failure were higher in patients who received steroids in the ED. Ronchi was higher, crackles and pretibial edema were lower in the patients who received steroids in the ED. Among the patients with low cortisol levels, the frequency of patients who received steroids in the ED was higher than those who did not. Conclusion: Primary healthcare clinicians should monitor COPD patients for potential adrenal insufficiency. Careful regulation of steroid dosages during exacerbation treatment and minimizing polypharmacy are essential to mitigate the long-term effects of prolonged steroid use.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144060067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modulation of the Inflammatory Signature in an Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis Model through Treatment with Fasciola hepatica-Derived Recombinant Fatty Acid Binding Protein (rFh15).","authors":"Maryam Hajizadeh, Reza Falak, Maryam Sahlolbei, Behrouz Robat-Jazi, Alireza Sadeghipour, Mohammad Reza Bolouri, Nesa Rashidi, Leila Masoori, Mohammad Hossein Kazemi, Azam Samei, Fereshteh Dalouchi, Nahid Jalallou, Mona Oraei, Ahmad Reza Meamar, Ali Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi","doi":"10.2174/0118715303336969250328052842","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303336969250328052842","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The observed negative correlation between the geographical distribution of autoimmune diseases and helminth infections points towards a potential role for parasites in the regulation of inflammatory diseases. This phenomenon of immunomodulation is likely attributed to the bioactive molecules found in the excretory-secretory products (ESPs) from helminths. Among these molecules are fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs), exemplified by the Fasciola hepatica 15 kDa protein (Fh15), which exhibits certain anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, a recombinant variant of Fh15 (rFh15) was produced and subsequently assessed for its anti-inflammatory effects in a murine model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>EAE was induced in twelve C57BL/6 mice, while six additional mice were maintained as healthy controls (HCs). The EAE-induced mice received intraperitoneal injections of either 100 μg of rFh15 or PBS, administered thrice both before and after EAE induction. Bodyweight and clinical scores were recorded daily. The extent of inflammatory cell infiltration and demyelination in the spinal cord was determined through hematoxylin/eosin, luxol fast blue, and anti-myelin basic protein staining. Splenocytes were isolated, and the expression levels of cytokine genes implicated in inflammation, along with their transcription factors, were quantified via real-time PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical score, lymphocyte infiltration rate, and demyelinated plaques were significantly lower in rFh15-treated EAE mice compared with PBS-treated counterparts. The expression levels of RORγt, IL-17, IL-12, IL-1β, TNF, and IFN-γ genes were significantly reduced, and the expression rates of GATA3, IL-4, FOXP3, and IL-10 genes were significantly increased in the rFh15- treated EAE mice compared with PBS-treated group.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The anti-inflammatory effects of rFh15 suggest that it could be further evaluated and applied in autoimmune disorders as a safe helminth therapy component.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive View of Magnesium Physiology.","authors":"Shagufta Jawaid, Samya Shams, Damini Kharb, Omar A Al-Bar, Mustafa Zeyadi, Ibrahim Sultan Al Hazmi, Vikas Kumar, Firoz Anwar","doi":"10.2174/0118715303364703250224053714","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303364703250224053714","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Significant progress has been observed in recent decades, elucidating the biochemical, cellular, and molecular pathways that regulate the 10% inorganic ions, such as Na, K, Ca, HCO3, Cl, and fluid balance in both health and diseases. However, magnesium (Mg), a forgotten electrolyte, despite its critical role as the calcium antagonist found in nature with clinically relevant data on Mg disorders, was one of the least used ions till the late twentieth century. The underappreciation of the clinical importance of Mg may stem from a lack of detailed knowledge about its regulation at the subcellular and systemic levels. Recent technologies and scientific advancements in identifying Mg-specific ion channels and transporters, alongside a more profound understanding of biochemical, physiological, and hormonal mechanisms regulating Mg homeostasis, have opened new ways and renewed interest in magnesium research in human science, shedding light on its critical multidimensional role in various biological processes and offering new insight into its therapeutic potential. This comprehensive review delves into the latest advancements regarding the physiological functions of Mg, emphasising hypomagnesaemia as the most clinical manifestation of Mg imbalance. It covers key aspects, such as the physiology of Mg transporters, the renal mechanism in Mg homeostasis, and integrated regulatory systems governing its balance. Additionally, it addresses Mg deficiency, highlighting the intricate interplay between Mg, Ca, and K deficiencies, drug-induced Mg depletion, and non-pharmacological aetiologies. The review also looks at how common magnesium deficiencies are, how to diagnose them, and what they mean for patients. It also looks at how magnesium supplements can help with a number of medical conditions, giving a full picture of the important biological role of magnesium.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Transcriptomic and Bioinformatic Analysis of the Mechanism of Buzhong Yiqi Decoction in the Improvement of Diabetic Nephropathy.","authors":"Xixu Zhang, Wei Wei, Ziyu Liu, Hao Gao, Fengyi Guo, Donglin Liu, Yuanping Yin, Xiao Yang","doi":"10.2174/0118715303379062250327184950","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303379062250327184950","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Buzhong Yiqi decoction (BZYQ) is a classical traditional Chinese formula that has shown potential in alleviating diabetic nephropathy (DN). However, its underlying mechanisms remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to explore the potential targets and mechanisms of action of BZYQ in DN.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A DN rat model was induced using a high-fat and high-sugar diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ), followed by treatment with different doses of BZYQ. Initially, the protective effects of BZYQ on renal tissue were assessed by measuring fasting blood glucose (FBG), total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), 24-hour urinary total protein (24h-UTP), urinary albumin (ALB), and serum creatinine (SCr) after administration, along with performing hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. Subsequently, transcriptomics and bioinformatics approaches were employed to identify the action targets and potential mechanisms of BZYQ in DN rats. Finally, real-time PCR and Western blot analyses were conducted to validate key targets and mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed significant improvements in renal injury in DN rats treated with medium and high doses of BZYQ. Transcriptomic and bioinformatic analyses identified NLRP3, ASC, caspase- 1, GSDMD, IL-1β, and IL-18 as hub genes, along with differential expression of immune-related transcription factors T-bet and GATA-3 in various transcriptomes. In the validation phase, the mRNA and protein expressions of NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, GSDMD, IL-18, IL-1β, and T-bet were significantly elevated in the DN rat model group, while GATA-3 mRNA and protein levels were significantly decreased; BZYQ was able to reverse these changes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BZYQ has been found to have a protective effect on renal tissue damage in DN rats, potentially related to the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway activation and the improvement of Th1/Th2 immune cell balance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144035434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Research Hotspots and Global Trends in Primary Ovarian Insufficiency Research.","authors":"Yiwen Zhang, Siyuan Lei, Meixiang Li, Xiaocan Lei, Xuan Liu, Weihua Nong, Jiaming Zhang","doi":"10.2174/0118715303339221250319041923","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303339221250319041923","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to perform a bibliometric analysis of primary ovarian insufficiency (POI) from 2013 to 2022, to observe global research trends and hotspots in the last ten years, and to provide direction for further research and development of POI in the future.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>4840 articles and reviews related to POI, published from January 1st, 2013 to December 31st, 2022, were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection for bibliometric analysis. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to analyze countries and regions, organizations, authors, journals, and keywords.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The literature on POI shows an upward trend year by year. In the last ten years, China, the United States, and English have published the largest number of publications in this field with the greatest influence. According to the keyword analysis, the main research hotspots of POI revolve around mesenchymal stem cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study is possibly the first bibliometric analysis that focuses on multiple indicators to analyze the published literature on POI in recent years, hoping to provide some ideas for subsequent authors working in this field and provide new perspectives on research trends and possible hotspots in POI.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144034886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Liraglutide-Induced Pemphigus Vulgaris: A First Case Report Highlighting Autoimmune Risks of GLP-1 Receptor Agonists.","authors":"Shuning Cai, Zhenyu Zhang, Wei Ding, Shuting Zhou, Xuemei Qiu, Feifei Hou, Chuanji Wu, Zhengzhong Shen, Xiaodong Feng, Lu Jiang","doi":"10.2174/0118715303361089250320050246","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0118715303361089250320050246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a rare autoimmune blistering disorder that primarily affects the skin and mucous membranes. Drug-induced pemphigus (DIP) is an uncommon variant that is triggered by certain medications. The introduction of novel hypoglycemic agents, such as glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), has been associated with an increase in drug-induced bullous diseases. However, reports of pemphigus induced by these agents remain exceedingly rare.</p><p><strong>Case presentation: </strong>We report the first case of liraglutide-induced PV in a 40-year-old female patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The patient developed erosive lesions on the palatal and buccal mucosa three months after initiating liraglutide therapy. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of PV. The temporal association with liraglutide use, combined with positive results from in vitro gamma-interferon release assays, supports the diagnosis of DIP. The patient showed partial remission after liraglutide discontinuation and topical glucocorticoid therapy, but lesions recurred when liraglutide was reintroduced.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The precise mechanism behind liraglutide-induced pemphigus is not yet fully understood. Potential mechanisms include interference with immune modulation or direct effects on keratinocytes. This case underscores the importance of careful monitoring for autoimmune reactions in patients treated with GLP-1RAs and highlights the need for further research into the underlying mechanisms and management strategies for DIP.</p>","PeriodicalId":94316,"journal":{"name":"Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144045729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}