{"title":"Associations Between Mean Arterial Pressure and Prognosis in Acute Myocardial Infarction Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock Differ Depending on Coma Status.","authors":"Keishi Moriwaki, Tairo Kurita, Kazuma Yamaguchi, Kenta Uno, Yumi Hirota, Masashi Yanagisawa, Ryo Okado, Hiromasa Ito, Takashi Kato, Shusuke Fukuoka, Akihiro Takasaki, Kentaro Kakuta, Naoki Fujimoto, Takashi Yamanaka, Ryuji Okamoto, Kaoru Dohi","doi":"10.1253/circrep.CR-25-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1253/circrep.CR-25-0001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock (AMI-CS), low mean arterial pressure (MAP) can reduce cerebral perfusion, potentially resulting in coma. While both MAP and coma on admission are critical prognostic factors, the relationship between them and their prognostic significance based on coma status remains unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>A retrospective analysis of 543 AMI-CS patients was conducted. The overall median MAP was 77 mmHg, with no significant difference between the coma and non-coma groups. The coma group had a higher 30-day mortality compared with the non-coma group (50% vs. 29%; P<0.001). The area under the curve for MAP predicting 30-day mortality was 0.723 (P<0.001) in the coma group, with a cut-off MAP of 76.3 mmHg (sensitivity 0.66, specificity 0.69), but was insignificant in the non-coma group (AUC 0.543; P=0.176). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed higher mortality with low MAP (<77 mmHg) in the coma group, whereas MAP had no significant impact in the non-coma group. Multivariate Cox regression identified low MAP as an independent prognostic factor in the coma group only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The associations between MAP and prognosis differ depending on the coma status in AMI-CS. Low MAP is a prognostic factor for mortality only in patients with coma. This study highlights the need for treatment strategies tailored to neurological status.</p>","PeriodicalId":94305,"journal":{"name":"Circulation reports","volume":"7 4","pages":"247-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981676/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Randomised Crossover Trial of Home-Based Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation Therapy as an Adjunct to Cardiac Rehabilitation in Frail Older Adult Patients With Chronic Heart Failure.","authors":"Shintaro Ono, Michitaka Kato, Hiromasa Seko, Eiji Nakatani, Toshiya Omote, Mayuko Omote, Shingo Omote","doi":"10.1253/circrep.CR-24-0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1253/circrep.CR-24-0091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) is an alternative therapy for patients unable to perform sufficient voluntary exercises. This randomised crossover study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of home-based NMES as an adjunct to cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for improving physical function in frail older adult patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>8 frail older adult patients with CHF underwent 8 weeks of CR supplemented with home-based NMES and 8 weeks of CR alone in random order, separated with a 4-week washout period. NMES at 50-Hz frequency was administered for 50 min/day, 5 times per week, with electrodes placed on the legs. Changes in the short physical performance battery (SPPB) score, leg strength, and the Barthel index were assessed between patients with CR with and without home-based NMES. No NMES-related adverse events were observed. CR with home-based NMES had a higher total SPPB score and 5-repetition sit-to-stand test time of 2.67 points and -10.67 s, respectively, than CR alone (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.3-5.0, P<0.05 and 95% CI -19.5 to -1.3, P<0.05, respectively). No significant leg strength or Barthel index changes were observed between CR with and without home-based NMES.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Home-based NMES safely improved physical function in frail older adult patients with CHF.</p>","PeriodicalId":94305,"journal":{"name":"Circulation reports","volume":"7 4","pages":"231-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors for Patients With Heart Failure and Low Body Mass Index.","authors":"Miyu Hatamura, Shuhei Tsuji, Junichi Tazaki, Mamoru Toyofuku","doi":"10.1253/circrep.CR-25-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1253/circrep.CR-25-0008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous reports have shown that sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) benefit patients with heart failure (HF), regardless of left ventricular ejection fraction. However, evidence is limited for patients who are underweight, particularly with a body mass index (BMI) <20 kg/m<sup>2</sup>.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>Between February 2022 and July 2023, 533 patients were hospitalized at the Japanese Red Cross Wakayama Medical Center for acute HF. Excluding those who died during hospitalization, we categorized 488 patients according to their BMI at discharge: <20 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (n=201), and ≥20 kg/m<sup>2</sup> (n=287). Among the BMI <20 kg/m<sup>2</sup> group, SGLT2i was prescribed to 53 patients. The cumulative incidence rates of all-cause mortality at 1 year were significantly different between BMI <20 kg/m<sup>2</sup> patients with and without SGLT2i (11.8% vs. 36.1%; log-rank P=0.004). In the multivariate Cox proportional hazard models, SGLT2i reduced the risk of all-cause mortality independent of age, frailty, walking speed, decreased albumin level, elevated C-reactive protein level, and prescriptions of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists. However, among patients who received SGLT2i, the SGLT2i prescription continuation rate at 1 year was not significantly different between the BMI <20 kg/m<sup>2</sup> and BMI ≥20 kg/m<sup>2</sup> groups (85.4% vs. 84.6%; log-rank P=0.869).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SGLT2i are feasibly effective and well-tolerated drugs, even for patients with low BMI.</p>","PeriodicalId":94305,"journal":{"name":"Circulation reports","volume":"7 5","pages":"323-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12061499/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimal Intravascular Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in Patients With Multivessel Disease and Left Ventricular Dysfunction.","authors":"Ko Yamamoto, Hiroki Shiomi, Ryusuke Nishikawa, Takeshi Morimoto, Akiyoshi Miyazawa, Toru Naganuma, Satoru Suwa, Takanari Fujita, Takenori Domei, Shojiro Tatsushima, Akihiro Takasaki, Akihiro Kikuchi, Atsunori Okamura, Nobuhiro Suematsu, Tsuyoshi Isawa, Shintaro Honda, Yoshiaki Kawase, Kazushige Kadota, Kenji Ando, Kiyoshi Hibi, Koh Ono, Takeshi Kimura","doi":"10.1253/circrep.CR-25-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1253/circrep.CR-25-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Data on clinical outcomes after intravascular ultrasound (IVUS)-guided percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with multivessel disease and left ventricular (LV) dysfunction are scarce.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>The OPTIVUS-Complex PCI study multivessel cohort was a prospective multicenter single-arm trial enrolling 1,010 patients undergoing multivessel IVUS-guided PCI including left anterior descending coronary artery target with an intention to meet the prespecified OPTIVUS criteria for optimal stent expansion. We compared clinical outcomes between patients with and without LV dysfunction. The primary endpoint was a composite of death, myocardial infarction, stroke, any coronary revascularization, or hospitalization for heart failure. There were 763 patients (75.5%) with preserved LV function (LV ejection fraction [LVEF] >50%), 176 patients (17.4%) with moderate LV dysfunction (35<LVEF≤50%), and 71 patients (7.0%) with severe LV dysfunction (LVEF ≤35%). The cumulative 1-year incidence of the primary endpoint was 9.5%, 18.9%, and 17.1%, respectively, in patients with preserved LV function, moderate LV dysfunction, and severe LV dysfunction (log-rank P<0.001). After adjusting confounders, there was a significantly higher risk of moderate LV dysfunction and a numerically higher risk of severe LV dysfunction relative to preserved LV function for the primary endpoint (hazard ratio (HR), 1.71; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08-2.71; P=0.02; and HR, 1.52; 95% CI, 0.77-2.97; P=0.23).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among patients undergoing multivessel IVUS-guided PCI with contemporary practice, 1-year clinical outcomes were worse in patients with LV dysfunction.</p>","PeriodicalId":94305,"journal":{"name":"Circulation reports","volume":"7 4","pages":"275-284"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11982618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Construction of Predictive Models for Cardiovascular Mortality by Machine Learning Approaches in Patients Who Underwent Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.","authors":"Shunsaku Otomo, Itaru Hosaka, Marenao Tanaka, Naoto Murakami, Nobuaki Kokubu, Atsuko Muranaka, Ryo Nishikawa, Naoki Hachiro, Ryota Kawamura, Jun Nakata, Nobutaka Nagano, Yukinori Akiyama, Tatsuya Sato, Yutaka Iba, Toshiyuki Yano, Nobuyoshi Kawaharada, Masato Furuhashi","doi":"10.1253/circrep.CR-24-0182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1253/circrep.CR-24-0182","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Prognostic models for cardiovascular death, but not all-cause death, after transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) have not been established yet.</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>In 252 patients with aortic stenosis (AS) who underwent TAVI (men/women 83/169; mean age 85 years), we explored predictive models by machine learning for cardiovascular death using 62 candidates. During the follow-up period (mean 1,135 days), 13 (5.2%) patients died of cardiovascular disease. The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) feature selection identified 8 features as important candidates, including old myocardial infarction, triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (TG/HDL-C) ratio, Society of Thoracic Surgeons predicted risk of mortality score (STS-PROM), pulse rate, left atrium volume index, stroke volume index, estimated glomerular filtration rate, and albumin. Cox regression analyses with adjustment for age and sex showed that old myocardial infarction, high levels of TG/HDL-C, STS-PROM, and pulse rate, as well as low levels of glomerular filtration rate and albumin, were independent risk factors for cardiovascular death. Models of logistic regression (LR) and random survival forest (RSF) using the LASSO-selected features, except for STS-PROM, significantly improved predictive abilities for cardiovascular death compared with LR analysis using STS-PROM alone.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Machine learning models of prediction for cardiovascular death of LR and RSF using the LASSO-selected features are superior to a LR model using STS-PROM alone in patients with severe AS who underwent TAVI.</p>","PeriodicalId":94305,"journal":{"name":"Circulation reports","volume":"7 4","pages":"293-302"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Oral Health and Cardiovascular Disease - A Scoping Review of Assessment Methods, Risk Factors, and Prognosis.","authors":"Masato Ogawa, Masatsugu Okamura, Takuma Yagi, Kenichiro Maekawa, Kota Amakasu, Tatsuro Inoue, Seimi Satomi-Kobayashi, Megumi Katayama, Yumi Muraki, Masaya Akashi","doi":"10.1253/circrep.CR-24-0187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1253/circrep.CR-24-0187","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral frailty, which encompasses decline in oral health and function with aging, has broader health implications. However, its specific role in individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains poorly understood. In this scoping review we investigated the prevalence, assessment tools, and potential intervention strategies for oral frailty in patients with CVD. We used the Population, Concept, and Context framework as follows: Population: Patients with CVD; Concept: Existing literature on oral frailty in the context of CVD; Context: Not restricted. Extracted data were synthesized qualitatively. From an initial pool of 3,199 studies, 70 were included in the final analysis, with a cumulative sample size of 891,450 individuals. Among the assessment tools for oral frailty, the number of teeth was the most commonly used measure in 39 studies, followed by the Decayed, Missing, Filled Index. Of the studies, 5 studies indicated that coronary artery disease and diabetes are risk factors for oral frailty, and 8 identified poor oral health as a predictor of cardiac events. However, no study clearly defined oral frailty in the context of CVD. Additionally, only 2 studies explored the relationship between oral health and physical frailty. This results of this review underscore the lack of a standardized definition for oral frailty in CVD. Although associations between oral health and prognosis were observed, further research is needed to clarify the definitions and explore causal relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":94305,"journal":{"name":"Circulation reports","volume":"7 4","pages":"223-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144030209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effectiveness of Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy for Acute Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction in Frail Elderly Patients With Malnutrition.","authors":"Yoshimitsu Takaoka, Mahbubur Rahman, Taku Asano, Yasufumi Kijima, Jiro Aoki","doi":"10.1253/circrep.CR-25-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1253/circrep.CR-25-0003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The appropriateness of guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) in malnourished elderly patients is unclear. This study aims to assess the effects of GDMT on acute heart failure (AHF) with reduced ejection fraction in this specific population using the Geriatric Nutritional Risk Index (GNRI).</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>We retrospectively collected data of patients aged >75 years who were admitted to St. Luke's International Hospital for AHF with reduced ejection fraction from 2011 to 2022. Malnutrition was defined as a GNRI score <92. GDMT was defined as the prescription of 3 or more of the medications for HFrEF at the time of discharge. Among 467 patients, 345 (73.9%) had malnutrition. In the low GNRI group, GDMT was associated with a lower all-cause mortality at 1 year (HR 0.46; 95% CI 0.24-0.89; P=0.021), but not in heart failure (HF) readmission (HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.55-1.25; P=0.364) at 1 year after discharge. In the high GNRI group, GDMT was not significantly associated with these outcomes (all-cause mortality: HR 0.59; 95% CI 0.12-3.06; P=0.534; HF readmission: HR 0.55; 95% CI 0.29-1.05; P=0.069).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Implementation of GDMT in AHF with reduced ejection fraction may enhance prognosis, even among elderly patients with malnutrition.</p>","PeriodicalId":94305,"journal":{"name":"Circulation reports","volume":"7 4","pages":"267-274"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144056597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Machine-Learning-Based Prediction of Exercise Intolerance of Patients With Heart Failure Using Pragmatic Submaximal Exercise Parameters.","authors":"Taishi Kato, Hidetsugu Asanoi, Tomohito Ohtani, Yasushi Sakata","doi":"10.1253/circrep.CR-24-0135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1253/circrep.CR-24-0135","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Low peak oxygen uptake (V̇O<sub>2</sub>), especially ≤14 mL/min/kg, is a strong indicator of poor prognosis in patients with heart failure (HF). However, measuring this parameter is sometimes difficult if the maximal workload is not reached. This study developed a predictive classification model for low peak V̇O<sub>2</sub> in HF patients using machine learning (ML).</p><p><strong>Methods and results: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed the data for 343 patients with chronic HF and left ventricular ejection fraction <50% who underwent a symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise test and extracted 33 variables from their laboratory, echocardiographic, and exercise data up to the submaximal workload. The dataset was randomly divided into training and testing datasets in a 4 : 1 ratio. ML methods, including an exhaustive search for predictor selection, were used, and a support vector machine algorithm was applied for model optimization. We identified 5 important predictors: age, B-type natriuretic peptide, left ventricular end-diastolic diameter, V̇O<sub>2</sub> at rest, and V̇O<sub>2</sub> at respiratory exchange ratio of 1.00. Using these 5 predictors, an optimized predictive model was validated on the testing dataset, yielding an accuracy of 85%, F1 score of 0.81, and area under the receiver operating curve of 0.94 (95% confidence interval: 0.89-1.00).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using readily available parameters, ML methods can enable accurate prediction of low peak V̇O<sub>2</sub> in patients with HF.</p>","PeriodicalId":94305,"journal":{"name":"Circulation reports","volume":"7 4","pages":"257-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11981677/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144061320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}