Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease最新文献

{"title":"Role of SGLT-2 Inhibitors in Ultrafiltration Failure in Peritoneal Dialysis: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Magdalena Riedl Khursigara, Ping Liu, Reetinder Kaur, Thomas A Mavrakanas","doi":"10.1177/20543581241293500","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20543581241293500","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors are glucose lowering agents with protective effects on cardiovascular health and the ability to slow chronic kidney disease (CKD) progression. The benefits of SGLT-2 inhibitors have not been studied in patients with advanced CKD or on maintenance dialysis. Ultrafiltration failure is a common reason for failure of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Glucose transporters, such as SGLT-2, are involved in the progression to ultrafiltration failure, and hence, SGLT-2 inhibitors might be beneficial in patients on PD to prevent ultrafiltration failure.</p><p><strong>Source of information: </strong>Here, we review data from animal models and ongoing clinical trials of SGLT-2 inhibitors in advanced CKD, as well as considerations for a phase III trial in patients on PD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was conducted and information on clinical trials was obtained from clinicaltrials.gov.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Animal models of PD have shown upregulation of glucose transporters in the peritoneal membrane and a potential effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors on glucose absorption and ultrafiltration. Several clinical trials are currently ongoing with SGLT-2 inhibitors in patients on PD. We discuss their study designs and propose a mixed-methods, patient-centered approach to studying SGLT-2 inhibitors in PD patients. We also discuss the potential implications of SGLT-2 inhibitors on people living with kidney failure, especially in remote communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":9426,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11536389/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142581597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLP-1 Agonism for Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Narrative Review of Current Evidence and Future Directions Across the Research Spectrum.","authors":"Victoria J Riehl-Tonn, Kyle D Medak, Christie Rampersad, Anne MacPhee, Tyrone G Harrison","doi":"10.1177/20543581241290317","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20543581241290317","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose of review: </strong>Diabetes is the most common cause of kidney disease in individuals that receive a kidney transplant, and those without pre-existing diabetes are at greater risk of developing diabetes following kidney transplant. A class of diabetes treatment medications called glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) has seen recent widespread use for people with diabetes or obesity, with efficacy for improved glycemic control, weight loss, and reduced risk of cardiovascular events. Given these benefits, and indications for use that often co-occur in kidney transplant recipients, use of GLP-1RAs warrants consideration in this population. Therefore, we sought to review the current literature to better understand the mechanisms of action, clinical application, and person-centred considerations of GLP-1RAs in kidney transplant recipients.</p><p><strong>Sources of information: </strong>Original articles were identified between December 2023 and July 2024 from electronic databases including the Ovid MEDLINE database, PubMed, and Google Scholar using terms \"kidney transplant,\" \"GLP-1,\" \"glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist,\" and \"diabetes.\"</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive review of the literature was conducted to explore the relationship between GLP-1RAs and kidney transplant recipients. We reviewed the current state of evidence across the research disciplines of basic or fundamental science, clinical and health services research, and person-centred equity science, and highlighted important knowledge gaps that offer opportunities for future research.</p><p><strong>Key findings: </strong>Numerous clinical studies have demonstrated the benefit of GLP-1RAs in people with and without diabetic kidney disease, including decreased risk of cardiovascular events. However, there is a paucity of high-quality randomized controlled trials and observational studies analyzing use of GLP-1RAs in kidney transplant recipients. Evidence of benefit in this population is therefore limited to small studies or inferred from research conducted in nontransplant populations. Growing evidence from preclinical and clinical studies may elucidate renoprotective mechanisms of GLP-1RAs and remove barriers to application of these drugs in the transplant recipient population. Individuals who are female, non-white, have lower socioeconomic status, and live in rural communities are at greater risk of diabetes and have lower uptake of GLP-1RAs. There is a need for clinical trials across diverse kidney transplant populations to estimate the efficacy of GLP-1RAs on important health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The search strategy for this narrative review may not have been sensitive to identify all relevant articles. Our search was limited to English language articles.</p>","PeriodicalId":9426,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11528610/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142567593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patient Perspectives of Telemedicine in Outpatient Nephrology Clinics During COVID-19: A Qualitative Study.","authors":"Abdelhady Osman, Seung Heyck Lee, Mateen Noori, Melissa Al-Jaishi, Kerri Gallo, Lori Harwood, Louise Moist","doi":"10.1177/20543581241293192","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20543581241293192","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic notably disrupted care for patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) care, necessitating a rapid shift to telemedicine. Despite the growing use of telemedicine, the impact of this transition on patients' experiences, particularly in Canada and considering sociocultural factors, remains underexplored. This study aims to investigate patients with CKD perspectives on telemedicine versus in-person care and to offer recommendations for enhancing telemedicine services.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective was to understand patients with CKD views on telemedicine clinics during the pandemic compared to traditional in-person clinics.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>This was a qualitative descriptive study employing semi-structured interviews.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>This study was conducted in general nephrology and multidisciplinary kidney care clinics in London, Canada.</p><p><strong>Population: </strong>The study population was English-speaking patients with CKD with at least one in-person nephrology visit before March 15, 2020, and one telemedicine appointment after March 30, 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Interviews were conducted using a structured guide, with transcripts analyzed line-by-line by 3 independent reviewers through directed content analysis. Themes were identified and agreed upon through group consensus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Interviews with 12 participants revealed 5 key themes: (1) convenience; (2) building connection and trust; (3) necessity of in-person care; (4) role of family or caregivers; and (5) preferences for clinic types. Most participants (11/12) valued the convenience of telemedicine, noting similar levels of care compared to in-person visits. However, they found it easier to establish personal connections in face-to-face appointments. Most (8/12) preferred in-person visits if their condition worsened. Overall, a combination of in-person and telemedicine was favored, with a preference for video over telephone.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The study's focus on one academic nephrology center in Ontario and predominantly white participants limits broader applicability. Additionally, recall bias may affect the findings due to the interview-based design.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Telemedicine will remain integral to CKD care, with a hybrid model combining in-person and telemedicine preferred. Integrating patient feedback into future telemedicine practices is essential to enhance flexibility, access, and patient satisfaction.</p>","PeriodicalId":9426,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11523147/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142543874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing Accessibility to Intradialytic Cycling in Rural and Remote Settings: Program Report.","authors":"Sherry Erian, Rachelle Davies, Kylie Morrison, Christina West, Maria Ruiz, Iwona Zubik, Julie Nhan, Stephanie Thompson","doi":"10.1177/20543581241287591","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20543581241287591","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose of program: &lt;/strong&gt;Access to exercise and rehabilitation is often lower in rural or remote areas and hemodialysis (HD) dependence imposes additional barriers. Intradialytic cycling (IDC) can improve HD-related symptoms, such as leg cramping, restless legs, and symptoms of depression, as well as physical function and fitness, but access to exercise professionals with this expertise is limited. To promote access to IDC in rural and remote HD units, we describe the implementation and initial evaluation of a novel IDC program using virtual assessment to safely prescribe and individualize IDC.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sources of information: &lt;/strong&gt;We developed and piloted a protocol for virtual IDC assessment and prospectively collected metrics informed by the Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) framework to support future quality improvement activities.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Rural HD units were defined as per Alberta Kidney Care North (AKC-N)'s operations. The virtual IDC program components were: HD unit education sessions, support and interest from local unit staff and those receiving HD, a bike, a supervising kinesiologist, a stable Internet connection, a nurse present during the 25-minute initial virtual assessment, and virtual follow-up every 3 to 4 weeks with the kinesiologist. The initial assessment consists of a virtual bike test where the participant performs a graded, symptom-limited cycling trial with documentation of vital signs and rating of self-perceived exertion (relative intensity). The data are used to prescribe IDC (frequency, intensity, time). The HD unit staff learn participant and bike set-up, confirm safe exercise parameters for that day, adjust the bike intensity, and take vital signs. Outcomes for evaluating the impact of the IDC program using the RE-AIM health framework were selected.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Out of the 24 HD units in AKC-N, 18 units were defined as either remote or rural (75%). Four of the units (22%) adopted the program, which was less than our target of 30% of units. Individual-level participation (Reach) within those units ranged widely (1-67%) with only one unit reaching the target of at least 30% individual-level participation. Reasons for starting IDC were intradialytic cramping, restless legs, deconditioning, and boredom during HD. Reasons for non-participation were lack of interest and a desire to sleep. Routine exercise program questionnaires on health-related quality of life for program effectiveness were not consistently completed by participants. All virtual assessments were completed as per protocol with a nurse (100% fidelity); however, tests often needed to be re-scheduled due to technical issues with Wi-Fi, limited unit staffing, operational demands, and/or safety concerns. At 1 year, all 4 units continued to participate with 2 additional HD units starting the following year.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations: &lt;/strong&gt;Reach coul","PeriodicalId":9426,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11526228/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142557231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Exercise and Wellness Behavior Change Program for Solid Organ Transplant: A Clinical Research Protocol for the Transplant Wellness Program.","authors":"Jenna A P Sim, Maneka A Perinpanayagam, Vanessa Bahry, Kathryn Wytsma-Fisher, Kelly W Burak, Debra L Isaac, Stefan Mustata, S Nicole Culos-Reed","doi":"10.1177/20543581241289196","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20543581241289196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exercise prehabilitation is an evidence-based, safe, and effective method to increase quality of life, physical fitness and function, and post-surgical outcomes in solid organ transplant (SOT) patients. However, few prehabilitation programs for SOT patients exist in practice. Furthermore, there is a lack of multimodal prehabilitation programs that include behavior change support. To address this need, the Transplant Wellness Program (TWP) was designed.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The objective of the TWP is to assess both the effectiveness and implementation of a comprehensive and multimodal exercise and wellness behavior change intervention for patients undergoing kidney or liver transplant.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>The TWP is a hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial consisting of exercise and wellness behavior change support.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>Individuals who are in evaluation or listed for kidney or liver transplant in Southern Alberta, Canada.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>The primary outcomes of self-reported exercise and quality of life are assessed at intake, post-exercise intervention, 6 months post-intake, 12 weeks post-transplant, and annually for 5 years after program completion. Functional fitness measures will be assessed at intake, post-exercise intervention, 12 weeks post-transplant, 6 months post-intake, and 1-year post-intake. The reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance (RE-AIM) framework is used to determine the impact of TWP at the individual and health care system level.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Recruitment began in November 2023 and will continue until November 2028. Participants take part in a 12-week exercise intervention and are offered individualized and group behavior change support. Continued exercise support is offered through maintenance classes after the completion of the 12-week intervention.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>The design of the hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial with a single experimental group will not allow for comparisons to a control or usual care group, potentially impacting internal validity. Differences in number of participants between organ groups (kidney vs liver) and cohorts (pre-transplant vs post-transplant) will likely be uneven, requiring consideration when running and interpreting analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The TWP aims to support patients throughout the transplant journey through a multimodal and comprehensive exercise and wellness behavior change program. Results from this study will determine the effectiveness of the program and inform future scale-up and sustainability.</p><p><strong>Trial registry number: </strong>NCT06367244.</p>","PeriodicalId":9426,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11500225/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute Allograft Rejection in Kidney Transplant Recipients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: An Educational Case Report.","authors":"Steven A Morrison, Amanda J Vinson","doi":"10.1177/20543581241289191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20543581241289191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Rationale: </strong>Kidney transplant (KT) recipients have an increased risk of malignancy due to chronic immunosuppression. The emerging use of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been a promising development for the treatment of malignancy, but their use adds to the complexity of immunosuppression management for KT recipients. This case report describes 2 cases of acute rejection in KT recipients following ICI initiation and discusses the balance of malignancy treatment with adequate immunosuppression.</p><p><strong>Presenting concerns of patients: </strong>The first patient is a 44-year-old male KT recipient with a diagnosis of metastatic renal cell carcinoma presenting with acute kidney injury 6 days following initiation of an ICI. The second patient is a 73-year-old male KT recipient with a diagnosis of squamous cell carcinoma presenting with acute kidney injury 2 weeks following initiation of an ICI.</p><p><strong>Diagnoses: </strong>Both patients were diagnosed with acute rejection in the setting of reduced immunosuppression and initiation of an ICI.</p><p><strong>Interventions: </strong>Both cases received an increased dose of steroid without improvement of graft function. The first patient subsequently underwent a delayed graft nephrectomy due to complications of acute rejection, whereas the second patient did not undergo nephrectomy.</p><p><strong>Outcomes: </strong>The first patient experienced complications including perioperative bleeding requiring multiple operations, but ultimately stabilized on hemodialysis and showed a durable response to ICI. The second patient remained dialysis-dependent post-ICI treatment and was readmitted with allograft complications leading to his eventual death.</p><p><strong>Teaching points: </strong>This study underscores the complexity of managing KT recipients diagnosed with malignancy and receiving ICIs. The balance between immunosuppression reduction to treat malignancy and preventing allograft rejection presents a significant challenge. Key considerations include the risk of acute allograft rejection and patient-centered decision-making. These cases highlight the need for further research to develop evidence-based guidelines for managing this patient population. In addition, the patient perspective in this study highlights the importance of careful risk-benefit analysis and the impact of treatment decisions on patient-focused outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9426,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11497508/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142495648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Program Report: Expanding the Deceased Donor Pool in Manitoba With an Age-Targeted Kidney Transplant Program.","authors":"Aaron Trachtenberg, Vaishali Shenoy, Nancy Dodd, Drew Hager, Martin Karpinski, Joshua Koulack, Krista Maxwell, Andrea Mazurat, Denise Pochinco, Christie Sathianathan, James Shaw, Chris Wiebe, Peter Nickerson, Julie Ho","doi":"10.1177/20543581241287288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20543581241287288","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose of program: &lt;/strong&gt;The ongoing shortage of organs for transplant combined with the highest prevalence of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in Canada has resulted in long wait times for a deceased donor transplant in Manitoba. Therefore, the Transplant Manitoba Adult Kidney Program has ongoing quality improvement initiatives to expand the deceased donor pool. This clinical transplant protocol describes an age-targeted program intended to increase the use of transplants with a kidney donor profile index (KDPI) &gt;85 by allocating them to suitable pre-consented recipients age ≥65 with low wait times. The goal is to improve survival and quality of life for older recipients by maximizing a previously under-utilized donor pool.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sources of information: &lt;/strong&gt;Scoping literature review; Transplant Manitoba deceased donor audit; and key stakeholder engagement with patient partners, inter-disciplinary health care providers, and health system leaders.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The alternative donor pool criteria include deceased donor kidneys with KDPI 86-100 or another concern for graft longevity but are otherwise suitable for transplantation. Patients with no living donor, age ≥65, low wait times and otherwise eligible for transplant listing will be educated, and if suitable, pre-consented for the age-targeted program. All patients remain eligible for a standard criteria donor according to the local allocation criteria. The age-targeted program waitlist follows the same provincial allocation rules using wait time, panel reactive antibody (PRA), and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) match points for determining rank order. If an age-targeted recipient experiences early graft loss from a KDPI 86-100 kidney within 12 months from transplant, their cumulative wait time, including time with the transplant, will be reinstated upon relisting.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key findings: &lt;/strong&gt;Transplant Manitoba's provincial allocation rules do not permit bypassing top of the list recipients for kidney offers; therefore, transplant providers were previously reluctant to utilize KDPI 86-100 donor kidneys to top of the list recipients eligible for higher quality kidneys. This age-targeted program facilitates allocation of KDPI 86-100 kidneys to suitable older pre-consented recipients with low wait times, who may obtain a survival and quality of life benefit from these transplants. This approach expands the utilized deceased donor pool to benefit all Manitobans awaiting a deceased donor kidney transplant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Limitations: &lt;/strong&gt;This program was launched in January 2023, and there are no data reported on outcomes given the small numbers and abbreviated follow-up.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Implications: &lt;/strong&gt;The goal of this quality improvement project is to improve access to deceased donor kidney transplantation for Manitobans with ESKD. This program was developed with patient and provider feedback, including multimedia patient education mat","PeriodicalId":9426,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11472366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142458603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Efficacy and Safety of Bisphosphonate Therapy for Osteopenia/Osteoporosis in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Individual Patient-Level Meta-Analysis of Placebo-Controlled Randomized Trials.","authors":"Reid Whitlock, Kerry MacDonald, Navdeep Tangri, Michael Walsh, David Collister","doi":"10.1177/20543581241283523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20543581241283523","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The efficacy and safety of bisphosphonate therapy for the treatment of osteoporosis and osteopenia in the setting of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is unclear.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the effect of bisphosphonate therapy on fractures, bone mineral density (BMD), and adverse events in adults across the spectrum of CKD and dialysis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Systematic review and individual patient-level meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Searches of Ageline, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and Medline from inception to August 25, 2016, supplemented with manual screening and clinicalstudydatarequest.com. Authors were contacted for individual patient-level data.</p><p><strong>Patients: </strong>Randomized, placebo-controlled trials with 100 or more participants that evaluated the treatment of primary osteoporosis/osteopenia in adult men and women with bisphosphonate therapy.</p><p><strong>Measurements: </strong>Study characteristics, quality, and data were assessed independently by 2 reviewers. Outcome measures were fractures, BMD, and adverse events including decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and hypocalcemia (calcium <2.00 mmol/L).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single-stage individual patient-level meta-analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 39 eligible studies, individual patient-level data was available for 7 studies, all of which were studies of ibandronate. Of 7428 participants (5010 ibandronate, 2418 placebo), 100% were female, 98.6% were white, the mean body mass index was 25.7 kg/m² (SD 3.9), 18.9% were smokers and there were 740 fracture events. The mean eGFR was 69.1 mL/min/1.73 m² (SD 15.9) including 14.5%, 54.9%, 27.5%, 3.0%, and 0.2% stages G1, G2, G3A, G3B, and G4 CKD. Ibandronate increased hip and lumbar spine BMD and decreased the risk of fracture in the overall population (hazard ratio (HR) 0.871, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.746, 1.018) but in patients with stage G3B CKD, it increased the risk of fracture (HR 3.862, 95% CI 1.156, 12.903). Ibandronate did not impact eGFR over 12 months but increased the risk of hypocalcemia (HR 1.324, 95% CI 1.056, 1.660) with no evidence of any effect modification by CKD stage (all tests of interaction <i>p</i> > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>Clinically significant heterogeneity among studies, lack of long-term follow-up and bone biopsy results, limited representation of stage G4 and G5 CKD patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Chronic kidney disease potentially modifies the efficacy but not the safety of bisphosphonate therapy in osteopenia and osteoporosis.</p><p><strong>Registration: </strong>PROSPERO CRD42020145613.</p>","PeriodicalId":9426,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11459530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate Change and Environmentally Sustainable Kidney Care in Canada: A Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Survey of Kidney Care Providers.","authors":"Isabelle Ethier, Shaifali Sandal, Ahmad Raed Tarakji, S Neil Finkle, Bhavneet Kahlon, Kristen Pederson, Ratna Samanta, Caroline Stigant","doi":"10.1177/20543581241287286","DOIUrl":"10.1177/20543581241287286","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Climate change impacts health and threatens the stability of care delivery systems, while healthcare is mobilizing to reduce its significant environmental impact.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) about climate change among Canadian kidney care providers.</p><p><strong>Design setting participants measurements and methods: </strong>An electronic KAP survey, created by the Canadian Society of Nephrology-Sustainable Nephrology Action Planning committee, was distributed to kidney care providers across Canada, from March to April 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 516 people responded to the survey. Most respondents (79%) identified as women; 83% were aged 30 to 59 years. Nurses and nephrologists made up 44% and 23% of respondents, respectively. About half of the participants felt informed about climate change to an average degree. Most respondents (71%; 349/495 and 62%; 300/489) were either extremely or very concerned about climate change and waste generated in their kidney care program, respectively. The vast majority of respondents (89%; 441/495) reported taking steps to lower their personal carbon footprint. People who felt more informed about climate change presented higher degrees of concern. Similarly, both those who felt more informed and those who reported higher degrees of concern about climate change were more likely to take steps to reduce their carbon footprint. Over 80% of respondents (314/386) were at least moderately interested in learning sessions about environmentally sustainable initiatives in care.</p><p><strong>Limitations: </strong>This survey is at risk of social acceptability, representative, and subjective bias. Overrepresentation from Quebec and British Columbia, as well as the majority of respondents identifying as women and working in academic centers, may affect generalizability of the findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most kidney care providers who responded to this survey are informed and concerned about climate change, and their knowledge is directly associated with attitude and practices. This indicates that educational initiatives to increase awareness and knowledge on climate change will likely lead to practice changes.</p>","PeriodicalId":9426,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11462604/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy Outcomes in Living Kidney Donors: Protocol of a Population-Based Cohort Study in Three Canadian Provinces.","authors":"Carol Wang, Kyla L Naylor, Eric McArthur, Jessica M Sontrop, Pavel Roshanov, Ngan N Lam, Sarah D McDonald, Krista L Lentine, James King, Erik Youngson, Joseph Beyene, Elizabeth Hendren, Amit X Garg","doi":"10.1177/20543581241284030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/20543581241284030","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;A substantial proportion of living kidney donors are women of childbearing age. Some prior studies report a higher risk of gestational hypertension and pre-eclampsia in living kidney donors compared with nondonors. Further research is needed to better quantify the risk of adverse maternal, fetal/infant, and neonatal outcomes attributable to living kidney donation.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To determine the risk of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, including gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, and eclampsia, and other maternal and fetal/infant outcomes in living kidney donors compared with a matched group of nondonors of similar baseline health.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design and setting: &lt;/strong&gt;Protocol for a population-based, matched cohort study using Canadian administrative health care databases. The protocol will be run separately in 3 provinces, Ontario, Alberta, and British Columbia, and results will be combined statistically using meta-analysis.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants: &lt;/strong&gt;The cohort will include women aged 18 to 48 years who donated a kidney between July 1992 and March 2022 and had at least one postdonation singleton pregnancy of ≥20 weeks gestation between January 1993 and February 2023. We expect to include at least 150 living kidney donors with over 200 postdonation pregnancies from Ontario and a similar number of donors and pregnancies across Alberta and British Columbia combined. Nondonors will include women from the general population with at least one pregnancy of ≥20 weeks gestation between January 1993 and February 2023. Nondonors will be randomly assigned cohort entry dates based on the distribution of nephrectomy dates in donors. The sample of nondonors will be restricted to those aged 18 to 48 years on their cohort entry dates with delivery dates at least 6 months after their assigned entry dates. A concern with donor and nondonor comparisons is that donors are healthier than the general population. To reduce this concern, we will also apply 30+ exclusion criteria to further restrict the nondonor group so that they have similar health measures at cohort entry as the donors. Donor and nondonor pregnancies will then be matched (1:4) on 5 potential confounders: delivery date, maternal age at delivery date, time between cohort entry and delivery date, neighborhood income quintile, and parity at delivery date.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Measurements: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary outcome will be a composite of maternal gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, or eclampsia. Secondary maternal outcomes will include components of the primary outcome, early pre-eclampsia, severe maternal morbidity, cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage, and gestational diabetes. Fetal/infant/neonatal outcomes will include premature birth/low birth weight, small for gestational age, neonatal intensive care unit admission, stillbirth, and neonatal death.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary unit of analysis will be the ","PeriodicalId":9426,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11459540/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142388282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}