Transgender health最新文献

{"title":"Elevated Adrenal Steroids, Advanced Bone Ages, and Skewed Adult Heights in Trans Male Adolescents: Indications for Comprehensive Evaluation.","authors":"Jill D Jacobson, Emily L Paprocki, Kelsee L Halpin, Uttam Garg, Michelle M Knoll","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2023.0246","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2023.0246","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Several studies demonstrate endogenous androgen excess in adult trans male patients, but data are lacking in adolescents. Identifying hyperandrogenism in growing children is relevant, as it can be the first sign of serious adrenal conditions and can be associated with advanced skeletal maturity and premature growth cessation. We sought to identify the percentage of adolescent trans male patients who, prior to gender affirming treatment, had biochemical hyperandrogenism relative to reference ranges and to a comparison group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective chart review of patients seen between 2013 and 2020 at an academic pediatric center with a multidisciplinary gender team. Participants included 177 trans male patients and 166 cisgender female patients who underwent endocrine evaluation and 11 trans males and 15 cisgender females who completed adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation tests for hyperandrogenism. We analyzed differences in androgen levels, bone ages, and adult heights.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-eight of 172 (51.2%) trans males tested exhibited elevations of one or more androgens compared to 24/158 (15.2%) cisgender females (<i>p</i> < 0.0001). Trans males were more likely than cisgender females to have elevated dehydroepiandrostenedione (DHEA) (<i>p</i> = 0.0056) and dehydroepiandrostenedione sulfate (<i>p</i> = 0.0005) levels compared to age-adjusted reference ranges. Trans males displayed significantly higher DHEA responses to ACTH (<i>p</i> = 0.019), more advanced bone ages (<i>p</i> = 0.00014), and lower median adult height (<i>p</i> = 0.001) compared to cisgender females.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>A higher percentage of trans male patients had elevated levels of adrenal steroids, more advanced bone ages, and lower median adult heights compared to cisgender females.</p>","PeriodicalId":94256,"journal":{"name":"Transgender health","volume":"11 1","pages":"45-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13089290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147936740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Airway Events in Transgender Women During Facial Feminization Surgery.","authors":"Deen Debryn, Anthony Cheung, Vaibhav Gupta, Shivali Mukerji, Ryan Price, Maxwell B Baker, Dhanesh D Binda, Ala Nozari, Carl Streed, Eugene Kim","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2024.0023","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2024.0023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Transgender individuals commonly undergo hormone therapy as part of their gender-affirming care. Given the lack of clinical data regarding the impact of these exogenous hormones on airway management as well as the limited knowledge of transgender health, we examined the prevalence of airway events in transgender women undergoing facial feminization procedures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective chart reviews were performed on 282 transgender women, ages 14-75, who underwent facial feminization surgeries between 2014 and 2020. Our control group consisted of 375 age-matched, cisgender patients undergoing rhinoplasty procedures during the same time period. Airway events, defined as desaturations (oxygen saturation ≤92%) within 45 minutes of induction and/or ≥ two attempts required for endotracheal intubation, were stratified based on severity. Statistical analysis was performed using multinomial logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to our cisgender men and cisgender women control cohorts, the total rate of airway events in transgender women was higher (14.2% vs. 7.5% and 3.6%). Within the transgender women cohort, 57.5% of airway events were considered mild, 35.0% moderate, and 7.5% severe. In a subgroup analysis, transgender women undergoing voice feminization or tracheal shaving experienced significantly more airway events. There were no statistically significant associations between airway events and the studied variables, including age, body mass index, and Mallampati scores.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Transgender women may face a higher risk of airway events during facial feminization surgery influenced by various factors including previous surgeries, hormonal therapies, and comorbid conditions. Anesthesiologists should consider these variables along with the procedure type to preempt potential airway difficulties in their transgender patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":94256,"journal":{"name":"Transgender health","volume":"11 1","pages":"65-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13089236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147936755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Validation of the \"Gender Affirmation in Healthcare Settings\" Scale Among Transgender Women Living with HIV in India: Findings from Exploratory and Confirmatory Factor Analyses.","authors":"Venkatesan Chakrapani, Jasvir Kaur, Aakriti Gupta, Fazlur R Gulfam, Viraj V Patel","doi":"10.1177/26884887261417654","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26884887261417654","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Gender affirmation (GA) has been associated with improved healthcare engagement and health outcomes. Given the lack of a valid tool to measure GA in healthcare settings (GAHS) among transgender women living with HIV (TWLH) in India, we tested the validity and reliability of a 4-item GAHS scale.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used baseline, 3-month, and 6-month data from a longitudinal observational cohort study among 140 TWLH. We conducted exploratory factor analysis (EFA) using baseline data to determine the underlying factor structure measuring GA, and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using 3-month data. We assessed group ('transgender woman' vs indigenous transfeminine identities) and longitudinal measurement invariance across three time points. Convergent validity was assessed by correlating GA scores with medical GA and social factors, discriminant validity by their correlation with baseline HIV-related stigma, and predictive validity by their correlation with mental health and antiretroviral treatment (ART) outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>EFA indicated a single-factor structure. CFA confirmed a 4-item single-factor model with good fit (χ²=7.66 (2), p=0.02), high reliability (α=0.83), and measurement invariance. Convergent validity was supported by significant correlations between GA and social support, resilience resources, and physician trust. Discriminant validity was supported as GA scores were not correlated with internalized HIV-stigma. Higher baseline GA scores significantly predicted better 3-month ART adherence and lower anxiety, demonstrating predictive validity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The GAHS scale demonstrated strong psychometric properties, exhibiting good validity and reliability, making it suitable for screening or monitoring GA in healthcare settings and for research purposes. Future studies should evaluate this scale among diverse populations of transgender people.</p>","PeriodicalId":94256,"journal":{"name":"Transgender health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7619203/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148298205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clarifying the Less than 1%: The False Alarm of Transition Regret, Discontinuation, and Detransition.","authors":"Arjee Javellana Restar, Kristi Gamarel, Don Operario","doi":"10.1177/26884887251364124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/26884887251364124","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recent U.S. government directives under the Trump administration have prioritized funding research on regret and detransition following gender-affirming care. Empirical evidence demonstrates that regret following gender-affirming care is exceedingly rare, occurring in less than 1% of recipients according to systematic reviews-with epidemiological evidence estimating approximately 1 in 1 million people. This disproportionate research focus violates health equity principles by diverting resources from well-documented health disparities affecting larger segments of transgender and nonbinary (trans) populations. Studying such rare outcomes also presents extremely significant methodological challenges. We argue that epidemiological-based research priorities, rather than ideologically driven agenda should inform trans health.</p>","PeriodicalId":94256,"journal":{"name":"Transgender health","volume":"10 6","pages":"485-488"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12820662/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146032324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indications for the Utilization of Pelvic Floor Physical Therapy for Transgender Women Following Gender-Affirming Vaginoplasty: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Rosemary C L Widenor, Melissa C Hofmann","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2021.0159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2021.0159","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The rate is on the rise of transgender women choosing to have a gender-affirming vaginoplasty in the United States of America, and little is documented on postoperative recommendations to decrease complications and maximize function. This review aimed to identify the indications to incorporate pelvic floor physical therapy into the process for transgender women completing a gender-affirming vaginoplasty.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Articles were gathered from CINAHL, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, and MEDLINE with keywords including \"transgender,\" \"transsexual,\" \"gender affirmation surgery,\" \"sex reassignment,\" \"pelvic floor,\" \"physical therapy,\" \"male-to-female,\" and \"complications.\" A total of 13 sources were found to be relevant to this study and included in the review.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results from this literature review found that transgender women frequently have complications of urinary incontinence, prolonged pelvic pain, and neovaginal stenosis after completing vaginoplasty surgery. A case study and two retrospective studies demonstrated positive outcomes from physical therapy related to pelvic pain, dilation protocol, and urinary and bowel function.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Minimal research shows positive outcomes following pelvic floor physical therapy program for transgender women following gender-affirming vaginoplasty. However, no true conclusions can be drawn due to lack of research comparing pelvic floor physical therapy following gender-affirming vaginoplasty with a control.</p>","PeriodicalId":94256,"journal":{"name":"Transgender health","volume":"10 6","pages":"489-494"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12820655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146032295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"I Don't Know if I Would've Made It Through High School Without It\": Transgender Adolescents' Perspectives on the Impact of Gender-Affirming Care.","authors":"Valentino Reyes, Davia Loren, Kevin Bocek, Nicole F Kahn, Kacie M Kidd, Gina M Sequeira","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2024.0115","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2024.0115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Research suggests that gender-affirming medical care (GAMC) is associated with improved health outcomes; however, there are increasing efforts to limit access to this care for minors. Little prior research has explored transgender and nonbinary (TNB) adolescents' perspectives regarding the impact of accessing GAMC. The goal of this study was to understand the impact receiving GAMC as minors has had on the lives of TNB adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Adolescents ages 14-17 who reported having received GAMC were recruited in August 2023 via their electronic health record portal account to participate in an anonymous, qualitative study. Participants completed an electronic survey containing two open-ended questions about how accessing GAMC in adolescence had impacted their life. Free-text responses were reviewed to develop a <i>de novo</i> codebook. Each response was coded and themes were generated iteratively using an inductive thematic analysis framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 60 adolescents (82% White, 55% identified as a boy or man) completed the survey. Three themes and two subthemes were identified from participants (<i>n</i> = 60): (1) Congruence, involving ways accessing GAMC enhanced alignment between their gender identity and physical appearance and their ability to self-love, (2) Mental Health, describing how receiving GAMC impacted adolescents' mental health, and (3) Thriving, focusing on how GAMC impacted adolescents' ability to engage with others and become more future-oriented.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings from this study highlight the positive impact GAMC has on adolescent mental health and social well-being and thus add to our growing understanding of the impact of GAMC and the possible harms associated with limiting access.</p>","PeriodicalId":94256,"journal":{"name":"Transgender health","volume":"10 6","pages":"503-509"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12820690/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146032351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Medical and Legal Gender Affirmation in Shaping Positive Mental Health Outcomes for Transgender and Gender Diverse People in Australia.","authors":"Ruby Grant, Natalie Amos, Ruth McNair, Ashleigh Lin, Adam Hill, Teddy Cook, Marina Carman, Adam Bourne","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2024.0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1089/trgh.2024.0007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Transgender and gender diverse (\"trans\") people often face stigma and discrimination, leading to mental health challenges. Gender affirmation, including social, legal, and medical aspects, can alleviate these challenges. However, the mental health outcomes associated with legal gender recognition remain under-explored, particularly in an Australian context. Therefore, this study examines associations between different forms of gender affirmation and mental health outcomes among a large sample of Australian trans adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 1,359 trans adults responding to a national survey conducted in late 2019 in Australia. Measures included demographics, gender affirming care access, hormone therapy, legal affirmation, psychological distress, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and gender euphoria. Logistic regressions assessed associations between gender affirmation factors and mental health outcomes, accounting for sociodemographic variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Access to gender affirming care was associated with reduced psychological distress, decreased recent suicidal ideation, and increased gender euphoria. Legal gender affirmation was correlated with lower psychological distress and increased gender euphoria. Participants desiring hormone therapy but not accessing it reported higher psychological distress.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study highlights the positive impact of gender affirmation on the mental health of trans adults. Access to medical and legal gender affirmation were both associated with lower psychological distress and higher gender euphoria. These findings stress the importance of timely access to gender affirmation when desired. Further research should explore nuanced effects across affirmation pathways, informing inclusive health care and legal frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":94256,"journal":{"name":"Transgender health","volume":"10 6","pages":"495-502"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12820667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146032427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Response to Letter:</i> Daungsupawong and Wiwanitkit re: \"Psychosocial Factors Inhibiting Timely COVID-19 Vaccination and Booster Receipt Among Transgender and Gender Diverse Adults\".","authors":"Shelby A Smout, Jeanine P D Guidry, Eric G Benotsch","doi":"10.1177/26884887251362184","DOIUrl":"10.1177/26884887251362184","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94256,"journal":{"name":"Transgender health","volume":"10 5","pages":"483-484"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670665/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"It's Not Easy for a Transgender Woman Here in Nigeria\": A Qualitative Study to Inform HIV Prevention Intervention Development.","authors":"Lisa M Kuhns, Amy K Johnson, Jude Onumabor, Babafemi Taiwo, Olutosin A Awolude, Ososese Enaholo, Vera Nlewendum, Rob Garofalo","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2023.0039","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2023.0039","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Transgender women have some of the highest rates of HIV globally. Sub-Saharan Africa is one of the more impacted regions, reflecting a higher underlying prevalence of HIV as well as greater social marginalization and criminalization of transgender women. While very little research has been conducted among transgender women in Nigeria, their risk for HIV infection is estimated to be much greater than the general population. In this study, we sought to determine both interest and adaptability of LifeSkills, an evidence-based intervention created by and for young transgender women in the United States, to reduce HIV-related risk among transgender women in Nigeria.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Two focus groups were conducted in Ibadan, Nigeria, and data were analyzed using a content analysis approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 15 transgender women participated in two focus groups with a mean age of 24.6 (standard deviation = 6.4). Echoing studies of transgender women globally, participants reported that the basic human need for kinship, acceptance, and support are undermined by harassment and violence. In addition to the personal and social harm of these experiences, they promote sexual risk, as described by focus group participants, by limiting options for basic HIV-related education, social support, access to preventive care, housing, and employment, all of which are a core focus of the LifeSkills curriculum. Interest in an empowerment approach focused on safety, support, and HIV prevention skill building, delivered in a group-based format was appealing to participants.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The LifeSkills intervention elicited interest and may be adaptable to the needs of transgender women in Nigeria.</p>","PeriodicalId":94256,"journal":{"name":"Transgender health","volume":"10 5","pages":"468-475"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670735/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Re: \"Psychosocial Factors Inhibiting Timely COVID-19 Vaccination and Booster Receipt Among Transgender and Gender Diverse Adults\" by Smout et al.","authors":"Hinpetch Daungsupawong, Viroj Wiwanitkit","doi":"10.1089/trgh.2024.0288","DOIUrl":"10.1089/trgh.2024.0288","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94256,"journal":{"name":"Transgender health","volume":"10 5","pages":"481-482"},"PeriodicalIF":1.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12670713/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}