The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"Advanced glycation end-products and metabolomics are independently associated with frailty: the longitudinal Doetinchem Cohort Study.","authors":"Lieke M Kuiper, H Susan J Picavet, M Liset Rietman, Martijn E T Dollé, W M Monique Verschuren","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glae272","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Skin autofluorescence (SAF), reflecting advanced glycation end-products' accumulation in tissue, has been proposed as a non-invasive aging biomarker. Yet, SAF has not been compared to well-established blood-based aging biomarkers such as MetaboHealth in association with frailty. Furthermore, no previous study determined the longitudinal association of SAF with frailty. We used 2382 Doetinchem Cohort Study participants' (aged 46.0 to 85.4) cross-sectional data, of whom 1654 had longitudinal SAF measurements. SAF was measured using the AGE reader™. MetaboHealth was calculated on 1H-NMR-metabolomics. Linear regressions were used for the associations of SAF and MetaboHealth on the 36-deficit frailty index and logistic regressions for being pre-frail or frail as determined by the frailty phenotype. Longitudinal associations were determined by an interaction term between age and SAF in a linear mixed model. SAF and MetaboHealth were associated with higher odds of pre-frailty (odd ratios per standard deviation SAF: 1.21(1.10;1.32), MetaboHealth: 1.35(1.24;1.49)) and frailty (SAF: 1.70(1.41;2.06), MetaboHealth: 1.90(1.57;2.32)). When mutually adjusted, both aging biomarkers remained associated with pre-frailty (SAF: 1.16(1.05;1.27), MetaboHealth 1.33(1.21;1.46)) and frailty (SAF: 1.52(1.25;1.85), MetaboHealth: 1.75(1.43;2.14)). Additionally, SAF and MetaboHealth were associated with higher frailty index scores (percentage increase per standard deviation SAF:1.35(1.00;1.70), MetaboHealth: 1.87(1.54;2.20)), also after mutual adjustment (SAF: 1.02(0.68;1.37), MetaboHealth: 1.69(1.35;2.02)). SAF was also longitudinally associated with the frailty index (percentage per unit/year increase 0.12(0.07;0.16)). The mutual independence of SAF and MetaboHealth implies they capture distinct aspects of the aging process. Altogether, these findings emphasize SAF's clinical potential as an age-related decline biomarker, which could be further enhanced when combined with MetaboHealth.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142741777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trend in Respite Use by Race Among Caregivers for People Living With Dementia.","authors":"Yeunkyung Kim, Jihye Kim, Hyunjee Kim, Sungchul Park, Yue Li","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae036","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Respite care provides short-term relief for caregivers. Despite efforts to promote respite use among Black caregivers, little is known if disparities in respite use between Black and White dementia caregivers have decreased over time. We examined a trend nationally to see if more recent efforts may have helped reduce disparities in respite use.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a repeated cross-sectional design, with the data from 2015, 2017, and 2021 of the National Health and Aging Trends Study and National Study of Caregiving. Our study sample included 764 (in 2015), 839 (in 2017), and 521 (in 2021) non-Hispanic White and Black caregivers who provided care to older adults living with dementia, representing weighted 5 157 569 (2015), 5 877 997 (2017), and 4 712 144 (2021) dementia caregivers nationally. We conducted logistic regression models to assess the differences in respite use between White and Black caregivers over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 2015, Black dementia caregivers had a respite care use rate 11.6 percentage points (95% CI: -16.9 to -6.4) lower than that of White dementia caregivers. However, both in 2017 and 2021, the difference in the use of respite was not statistically significant, leading to a reduced or no gap in respite use between White and Black dementia caregivers. However, respite use remained low in both groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although the gap in respite use between Black and White dementia caregivers had been gradually narrowed over time, more efforts are needed to encourage more respite use among both groups through targeted efforts to address factors that hinder respite use.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"S42-S49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542057/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139673975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Projecting Long-Term Care Costs Among Older Adults With ADL Disabilities and Cognitive Impairment in China.","authors":"Haiyu Jin, Chenkai Wu","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae140","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae140","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mounting evidence suggests that cognitive impairment is strongly associated with disability in activities of daily living (ADL disability) and long-term care (LTC) costs. However, studies forecasting future LTC costs often overlook these relationships. Consequently, this study aims to more accurately project future LTC costs in China over the next 20 years by considering the intertwined association between disability and cognitive impairment on future LTC costs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were from 10 959 adults ≥65 years from the 2005-2018 waves of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Surveys. We used the Markov model to project the population of China and track the transition of older adults in the next 20 years between 4 disability-cognition states. We employed a 2-part model to estimate LTC costs (direct and indirect LTC costs) per capita.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proportion of disabled older adults with cognitive impairment was projected to increase from 1.4% in 2021 to 3.4% in 2040, while that of those without cognitive impairment was projected to decrease from 4.7% in 2021 to 4.5% in 2040. The direct and indirect LTC costs were projected to increase from 0.3% and 0.2% of gross domestic product (GDP) in 2021 to 1.4% and 0.7% in 2040 for disabled persons without cognitive impairment and from 0.1% and 0.1% of GDP in 2021 to 1.3% and 1.3% in 2040 for those with cognitive impairment, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Policy-makers could include the assessment of cognition in the LTC needs assessment and allocate more compensation to LTC insurance participants with cognitive impairment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"S50-S58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141156047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Closing the Data Gaps on Trends in Dementia and Related Care in Low- and Middle-Income Countries.","authors":"Lindsay C Kobayashi, Joshua R Ehrlich","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae189","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":"79 Supplement_1","pages":"S5-S6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542056/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in Memory Function and Memory Impairment Among Older Adults in the United States and Europe, 1996-2018.","authors":"Mikko Myrskylä, Jo Mhairi Hale, Daniel C Schneider, Neil K Mehta","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae154","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae154","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Single-country studies document varying time trends in memory function and impairment. Comparative analyses are limited.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used self-respondent data on adults aged 50+ years in 13 countries from 3 surveys (United States: Health and Retirement Study, 1998-2018; England: English Longitudinal Study of Ageing, 2002-2018; 11 European countries: Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe, 2004-2019). Memory is measured with tests of immediate and delayed word recall. Unweighted age- and gender-adjusted mixed effects regression models as well as models with adjustments for additional sociodemographic characteristics and health behaviors were examined. Heterogeneity in trends by gender, age group, and educational attainment was measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age-adjusted 10-year improvement in average test score is 0.04 standard deviations (SDs) (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.03, 0.05) in the United States, 0.17 SDs (95% CI: 0.15, 0.19) in England, and 0.24 SDs (95% CI: 0.23, 0.25) in SHARE countries. Trends are largely similar across gender, age groups, and educational attainment. Regional differences in trends remain after adjustment for potential mechanisms. The difference between the United States and other countries is particularly large under 75 years of age compared to 75 years and older.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pace of improvement in memory function varies strongly across countries. On average, the 11 European countries studied had the fastest improvement, followed by England. The trend in the United States indicates improvement, but at a much slower pace compared to that in England and other European countries. Uncovering the causes for the cross-country heterogeneity in time trends, and in particular the reasons for the comparatively poor performance of the United States, should be both a research and public health priority.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"S11-S21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542220/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141494723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction to Supplement on Multidisciplinary Perspectives on Dementia and Related Population Health Trends.","authors":"Neil K Mehta, Lindsay C Kobayashi, Joshua R Ehrlich, Vicki A Freedman","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae212","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae212","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":"79 Supplement_1","pages":"S1-S4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142607821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addressing Practice Effects in Population-Based Studies of Trends in Late-Life Dementia and Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Vicki A Freedman, Mengyao Hu","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae198","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae198","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"S7-S10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542059/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141918471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Care Need, Caregiver Availability, and Care Receipt: Variations Across Countries and Over Time in Three Middle-Income Countries.","authors":"Hae Yeun Park, Drystan Phillips, Jenny Wilkens, Zhiyong Lin, Marco Angrisani, Jinkook Lee","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae141","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae141","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dementia is expected to increase more rapidly in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) than in high-income countries (HIC) in the coming decades. Nevertheless, research on dementia care remains limited for LMIC. This study aims to fill this gap by investigating care needs and care receipt in 3 LMIC: China, Mexico, and India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using harmonized data from the Gateway to Global Aging Data in China, Mexico, and India and focusing on individuals aged 65 and older with cognitive impairment (N = 15 118), we estimated the proportions of care needs related to difficulties with activities of daily living and instrumental activities of daily living, and care receipt. We then used logistic regressions to examine the association between caregiver availability and informal care receipt.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We observed relatively similar patterns in care need measures across countries and over time. In contrast, the association between caregiver availability and informal care receipt showed some cross-country variations. Generally, living with family members was associated with a higher probability of receiving informal care in China and India. However, for Mexico, this association was only evident for men. Additionally, we found that the magnitude of the association between caregiver availability and informal care receipt varied with the care recipient's gender.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Although living with family members was generally associated with a higher likelihood of receiving informal care in China, Mexico, and India, there are differences in the association between caregiver availability and informal care receipt across countries and over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":"S59-S67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11542061/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Neighborhood Environment and Handgrip Strength: Longitudinal Findings From the Health and Retirement Study.","authors":"Kate A Duchowny, L Grisell Diaz-Ramirez, W John Boscardin, Rohini Perera, Scarlett Lin-Gomez, Peggy M Cawthon, Grace A Noppert, Philippa J Clarke","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae242","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae242","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Muscle strength, as measured by handgrip strength (HGS), is associated with physical function and mortality. Yet the environmental context that influences muscle strength is poorly understood. We evaluated built and social neighborhood characteristics and their association with muscle strength over time.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the Health and Retirement Study (2006-2018), linear mixed models assessed how 11 built and social neighborhood variables were associated with baseline levels and changes in HGS over time.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 20 045 respondents (mean age = 63 years, standard deviation = 9.7) with up to 4 HGS measures, 8 455 were men and 11 590 were women. Among men, residing in a neighborhood with a 10% increment higher score on neighborhood disadvantage was associated with a ~1 kg lower HGS at baseline (B = -0.96 kg, 95% confidence interval [CI] = -1.39 to -0.53). Similarly, each 1-point increment on the physical disorder scale was associated with a -0.39 kg lower (95% CI = -0.65 to -0.12) baseline HGS value. Among women, each 10% increment in neighborhood disadvantage was associated with a 0.29 kg lower HGS at baseline (B = -0.29 kg for each 10% increment, 95% CI = -0.46, -0.13). Each 1-unit increment in the number of neighborhood gyms at baseline was associated with a 0.50 kg lower HGS (B = -0.50, 95% CI = -0.76 to -0.23). Each 1-point increment in physical disorder was associated with a -0.12 kg lower (95% CI = -0.24 to -0.00) baseline HGS value. None of the neighborhood features were associated with the HGS rate of change.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Findings suggest that residing in neighborhoods with greater disadvantages and physical disorders may pose challenges for HGS among middle-aged adults as they enter into older adulthood.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11543991/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of Effects of mTOR Inhibitors on Aging in Caenorhabditis elegans.","authors":"Aihan Zhang, Gadea Meecham-Garcia, Chiminh Nguyen Hong, Peiyun Xie, Carina C Kern, Bruce Zhang, Hannah Chapman, David Gems","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae196","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae196","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pharmacological inhibition of the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway with rapamycin can extend lifespan in several organisms. Although this includes the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, effects in this species are relatively weak and sometimes difficult to reproduce. Here we test effects of drug dosage and timing of delivery to establish the upper limits of its capacity to extend life, and investigate drug effects on age-related pathology and causes of mortality. Liposome-mediated rapamycin treatment throughout adulthood showed a dose-dependent effect, causing a maximal 21.9% increase in mean lifespan, but shortening of lifespan at the highest dose, suggesting drug toxicity. Rapamycin treatment of larvae delayed development, weakly reduced fertility and modestly extended lifespan. By contrast, treatment initiated later in life robustly increased lifespan, even from Day 16 (or ~70 years in human terms). The rapalog temsirolimus extended lifespan similarly to rapamycin, but effects of everolimus were weaker. As in mouse, rapamycin had mixed effects on age-related pathologies, inhibiting one (uterine tumor growth) but not several others, suggesting a segmental antigeroid effect. These findings should usefully inform future experimental studies with rapamycin and rapalogs in C. elegans.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11374883/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141992485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}