The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences最新文献

{"title":"Longitudinal Association of Olfactory Function with Frailty in Older Adults: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study.","authors":"Hannah Pleasants, Yaqun Yuan, Keran Chamberlin, Chenxi Li, David Couper, Srishti Shrestha, Vidyulata Kamath, Jennifer A Deal, Thomas H Mosley, Priya Palta, Jayant M Pinto, Honglei Chen, Anna Kucharska-Newton","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf018","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glaf018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Emerging evidence suggests that olfactory dysfunction may be a marker of frailty, a key predictor of adverse health outcomes in aging populations. This study examines the association between olfactory impairment and frailty in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data from 5,231 participants (mean age: 75.3 ± 5.0 years; 59% women; 22% Black) of the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study. Olfactory function, assessed using the 12-item Sniffin' Sticks Test at Visit 5 (2011-2013), was categorized as poor (0-8), moderate (9-10), or good (11-12). Frailty status was ascertained using both the Fried Frailty Phenotype and the Cumulative Frailty Index. Cross-sectional associations between olfactory function and frailty status were examined using logistic regression and linear regression. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between olfactory function and prefrailty or frailty occurring within five years among 1,519 participants robust at baseline.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In cross-sectional analyses, good olfactory function was associated with lower odds of frailty (odds ratio [OR] = 0.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.22, 0.39) and prefrailty (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.45, 0.61). These associations remained robust after adjusting for covariates. Longitudinal analyses similarly showed a dose-response pattern, with improved olfaction associated with decreased odds of experiencing prefrailty (OR=0.63 95% CI [0.48, 0.83]) or frailty (OR=0.50, 95% CI [0.25, 1.02]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Good, as compared to poor, olfactory function is associated with lower frailty risk in older adults, suggesting that olfactory impairment may serve as an early marker of frailty. Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms linking olfaction and frailty and explore potential interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143070411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Workshop Report-Heterogeneity and Successful Aging Part I: Heterogeneity in Aging-Challenges and Opportunities.","authors":"George A Kuchel, Andrea L Hevener, J Graham Ruby, Paola Sebastiani, Vivek Kumar","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glaf023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Historically, aging research has focused primarily on the study of differences in means of varied measures obtained at different ages. However, growing evidence has shown that for many parameters, variability in measurements obtained both between- and within-age groups increases with aging. Moreover, growing heterogeneity may become especially apparent when examined via longitudinal as opposed to cross-sectional aging data. Efforts to deconvolute and better understand such heterogeneity present remarkable translational opportunities for developing targeted and more effective interventions into aging. Here, we present Part I, a summary of the NIA Heterogeneity and Successful Aging workshop virtually held in May 2023.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":"80 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12314531/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationships Between Subjective Well-Being and Frailty: Staying With a Positive Mind, Stepping Away From Accelerated Aging.","authors":"Yuchen Liu, Wenjie Cai, Eve Wittenberg, Dae Hyun Kim, David E Bloom, Laura D Kubzansky, Benjamin J Seligman","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf001","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glaf001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Subjective well-being (SWB) is a crucial measure of life quality in older adults. Understanding its relationship with frailty may inform strategies to promote healthy aging.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data for older adults aged ≥60 years old from Waves 3 and 4 of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study. SWB was measured based on participants' self-reported overall satisfaction with life. A frailty index was developed using the deficit accumulation approach. We conducted a cross-sectional Poisson regression to investigate the relationship between SWB and counts of frailty deficits. Additionally, we conducted a longitudinal analysis to determine the 3-year relative risk of clinically significant frailty progression or mortality for different levels of SWB. The analyses were adjusted for individual weights, including adjustments for household nonresponse.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The cross-sectional analysis included 9 702 individuals. After adjusting for covariates, lower baseline life satisfaction was associated with higher counts of frailty deficits (mean deficit counts ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.66 [1.54, 1.78] for \"not satisfied\" and 1.06 [1.02, 1.10] for \"somewhat satisfied\" relative to the reference \"very satisfied\"). The longitudinal analysis included 8 599 individuals. Participants who were \"not satisfied\" with life at baseline were at a greater risk of frailty progression compared with those who were \"very satisfied\" (risk ratio: 1.16 [1.00, 1.35]).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study finds that a lower level of SWB is associated with more severe frailty. It is also associated with frailty progression or death. These results emphasize that both psychological well-being and physical health are essential components of healthy aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142981146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Apple Watches to Monitor Health and Behaviors of Individuals With Cognitive Impairment: A Case Series Study.","authors":"Colby T Ford, Jake A Galler, Yingnan He, Cathrine Young, Beata Gabriela K Simpson, Chao-Yi Wu, Jake Pfaffenroth, Eh So Wah, Steven E Arnold, Hiroko H Dodge, Jon A Corkey, Sudeshna Das","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae250","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae250","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study explores the potential of developing digital biomarkers from wearables for monitoring individuals with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementias, focusing on the feasibility of using Apple Watches for tracking health and behaviors in older adults with cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data collection used the Amissa Health technology stack, which passively collects time-series data from smartwatches and provides a high-frequency cloud database for secure data storage, query, and visualization by clinicians and researchers. The platform consists of (i) AmissaWear, a software app that runs on smartwatches and sends information to a cloud database using a secure API; and (ii) AmissaOrbis, a centralized cloud portal for the collected data. Each participant was provided an Apple Watch configured to collect steps, calories burned, accelerometer and gyroscope readings, heart rate, and sleep information.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven participants, with cognitive impairment diagnosed by a neurologist, were enrolled in the study from December 2023 through June 2024. The watches successfully collected more than 700 000 observations during the study. Each observation contains data recorded from over a dozen sensors (eg, heart rate, pedometer, gyroscope, and accelerometer). The participants wore Apple Watches for an average of 11.48 hours/day for 84.91% of days during a 6-month period without a decrease in usage over time. Overall, the technology yielded high wear adherence and participation within this pilot.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study demonstrates the feasibility of using widely available Apple Watches for continuous monitoring of individuals with cognitive impairment and provides insights into their daily health and activity patterns, which could aid in future development of digital biomarkers.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11912970/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailored Approach to Designing a Digital Research Platform for Adults Aged 95 and Older: SuperAgers Family Study.","authors":"Sofiya Milman, Aisha Montgomery, Nir Barzilai, Tina Gao, Kara A Wilson, Thomas Perls, Aoife McGovern Leahy, Elizabeth Burgis, Megan Ruxton, Praduman Jain, Alan R Shuldiner","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glaf016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The SuperAgers Family study aims to investigate phenotypic and genetic mechanisms related to healthy aging in nonagenarians, centenarians, and their family members. A remote study design was tested to demonstrate the feasibility of using digital technology to conduct health research within this rare population of advanced age. This paper describes key design elements of the digital research platform developed to deliver consent, enrollment, and study data collection in a cohort of older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>SuperAgers participants aged 95 years or older, their offspring, and offspring's spouses were invited to join the study via media and community outreach. Participants completed registration, consent, submitted study data, and completed remote biospecimen collection via the web-based study app. Platform design elements and functionality were adapted for use by older-aged adults. Qualitative process evaluation assessed usability and participant data entry completion throughout the study workflow.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Preliminary data from SuperAgers (n = 160) of average age 98 years (±3 standard deviation [SD]) and offspring/spouses (n = 127) of average age 69 years (±5 SD) were evaluated. About 97% of participants in both groups successfully used the platform to complete eligibility screening, eConsent, and study surveys.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SuperAgers and offspring successfully used the digital research platform to complete eConsent and submit study data. This supports the feasibility of conducting digitally enabled research in older-aged populations using tailored platform design elements that increase usability and minimize entry errors. These findings may contribute to the development of best practices for digitally delivered research studies in aging populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11926979/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143191196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dementia and Risks of Temperature-Related Mortality and Hospitalizations in Germany.","authors":"Risto Conte Keivabu, Emilio Zagheni, Anne Fink","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae292","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Extreme temperatures are associated with negative health outcomes, in particular for older adults with pre-existing conditions. While climate change is expected to increase exposure to temperature levels that are detrimental to health, little is known about how dementia shapes vulnerability to extreme temperatures.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We leveraged repeated quarterly individual-level health claims from 2004 to 2019 on 250 000 individuals in Germany aged 50 years and above with information on key neurodegenerative diseases such as dementia. We linked data on the location of residence of these individuals with high-resolution gridded meteorological data. In our empirical analysis, we applied an individual-level fixed effects model to estimate how temperature affects the single patient's probability of hospitalization and death, adjusted for seasonality and comorbidities.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our findings reveal that heat and cold exposure increases the risk of death. Conversely, the association between extreme temperatures and hospital admissions is more nuanced showing an increase only with cold exposure. Stratifying the analysis by individuals affected by dementia, we observe heat to increase mortality only for individuals with dementia and cold to determine an 8 times larger impact on them and a larger increase in hospitalization. Also, we observe individuals aged above 80 and with dementia to be the most at risk of death with exposure to cold and in particular heat.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study contributes to the growing body of evidence on the health impacts of climate change and emphasizes the need for targeted strategies to protect vulnerable groups, particularly patients with dementia, from adverse temperature effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11949426/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142808848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: Yo-Yo Dieting Delays Male Drosophila melanogaster Aging Through Enhanced Mitochondrial Function, Relative to Sustained High-Calorie Diet Feeding.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glaf013","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glaf013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":"80 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143660227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response to Comment on \"All-Cause Mortality and Cause-Specific Death in U.S. Long-Lived Siblings: Data From the Long Life Family Study\".","authors":"Anne B Newman, Shanshan Yao","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae277","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae277","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11831515/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143412240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on: \"All-Cause Mortality and Cause-Specific Death in U.S. Long-Lived Siblings: Data From the Long Life Family Study\".","authors":"Ugo Lucca, Mauro Tettamanti","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae276","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glae276","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":"80 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143443060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolic Signature of Insulin Resistance and Risk of Alzheimer's Disease.","authors":"Laia Gutierrez-Tordera, Laura Panisello, Pablo García-Gonzalez, Agustín Ruiz, José Luis Cantero, Melina Rojas-Criollo, Muhammad Mursil, Mercedes Atienza, Nil Novau-Ferré, Javier Mateu-Fabregat, Hamza Mostafa, Domènec Puig, Jaume Folch, Hatem Rashwan, Marta Marquié, Mercè Boada, Christopher Papandreou, Mònica Bulló","doi":"10.1093/gerona/glae283","DOIUrl":"10.1093/gerona/glae283","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Substantial evidence supports the relationship between peripheral insulin resistance (IR) and the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD)-dementia. However, the mechanisms explaining these associations are only partly understood. We aimed to identify a metabolic signature of IR associated with the progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to AD-dementia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is a case-control study on 400 MCI subjects, free of type 2 diabetes, within the ACE cohort, including individuals ATN + and ATN-. After a median of 2.1 years of follow-up, 142 subjects converted to AD-dementia. IR was assessed using the homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). A targeted multiplatform approach profiled over 600 plasma metabolites. Elastic net penalized linear regression with 10-fold cross-validation was employed to select those metabolites associated with HOMA-IR. The prediction ability of the signature was assessed using support vector machine and performance metrics. The metabolic signature was associated with AD-dementia risk using a multivariable Cox regression model. Using counterfactual-based mediation analysis, we investigated the mediation role of the metabolic signature between HOMA-IR and AD-dementia. The metabolic pathways in which the metabolites were involved were identified using MetaboAnalyst.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The metabolic signature comprised 18 metabolites correlated with HOMA-IR. After adjustments by confounders, the signature was associated with increased AD-dementia risk (HR = 1.234; 95% CI = 1.019-1.494; p < .05). The metabolic signature mediated 35% of the total effect of HOMA-IR on AD-dementia risk. Significant metabolic pathways were related to glycerophospholipid and tyrosine metabolism.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We have identified a blood-based metabolic signature that reflects IR and may enhance our understanding of the biological mechanisms through which IR affects AD-dementia.</p>","PeriodicalId":94243,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142684024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}