Revista espanola de salud publica最新文献

{"title":"[Modified <i>CAMBRA</i> questionnaire as a method for population-based caries risk screening without exploratory methods: a cross-sectional observational pilot study].","authors":"María-Victoria Mateos-Moreno, Ángel-Orión Salgado-Peralvo, Naresh Kewalramani, Álvaro García-Sánchez, María-Rosario Garcillán-Izquierdo, Bibiana Mateos-Moreno, Lorenzo Dorado-Jara, Mónica Berzal-Pérez, Carlos-Alberto Vivas-Mefle","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Caries Management by Risk Assessment (CAMBRA) is a questionnaire used to diagnose the patient's overall caries risk. This study aimed to present a self-assessment questionnaire based on CAMBRA which, unlike the original, is completed by parents/caregivers, without the need for a dental examination, allowing a presumptive diagnosis to be established in children under seven years of age excluded from the oral health programme of the National Health System to establish individualised recommendations for caries risk and their early inclusion in preventive programmes of the Madrid Health Service (Madrid, Spain).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional observational study was carried out following STROBE guidelines using for the first time a self-assessment questionnaire based on CAMBRA in a population of children aged from three to six years from a nursery school in Madrid (Spain). The results were analysed using descriptive statistics and Fisher's exact statistic was used to study the relationship between qualitative variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The questionnaire was answered by the parents of 120 children (response rate=53.1%), of whom 40.8% presented a low a priori caries risk, 42.5% a moderate risk and 16.7% a high caries risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The present study allow the identification of patients at risk of presenting and/or developing caries. However, future studies should evaluate its sensitivity and specificity by comparing it with a confirmatory diagnosis after a dental examination. Nevertheless, the modified CAMBRA questionnaire could be a useful tool for population screening, facilitating the access of the population at risk of caries and risk of exclusion to preventive and community plans.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"97 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11567501/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138833850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Analysis of Hospital Care Registers due to Silicosis in Spain, 1997-2020].","authors":"Alfredo Menéndez-Navarro, Catherine Cavalin, Montserrat García-Gómez, Alin Gherasim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The re-emergence of silicosis in Spain since 2007 has been identified by the increase in the number of occupational disease reports. The aim of our study was to analyse the silicosis care processes attended by the National Health System between 1997 and 2020 to better understand the epidemiological dimension of the problem.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Processes were obtained from the Registro de Actividad Sanitaria Especializada (RAE-CMBD), with ICD-9-CM codes 500 and 502 (1997-2016) and ICD-10-CM J60, J62.0 and J62.8 (2017-2020). Descriptive statistical methods and modelling by logistic regression and Joinpoint regression methodology were applied.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 111,325 records were obtained (ages twenty-one hundred years), 4.3% for silicosis as the main diagnosis (PD) and 95.7% as a secondary diagnosis (SD). Men accounted for 98% and women for 2%. The mean age for SD processes was 75.1, and 68.7 for PD processes. The median age increased by eight years for SD and decreased by three years for PD. Although the overall burden of care decreased, under-fifty PD procedures between 2006 and 2009 showed an upward trend (APC=27.01%). SD processes showed a non-significant upward trend (APC=1.92%) between 2005 and 2020.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The upward trend in silicosis care processes in people under fifty years of age since 2005 confirms the healthcare impact of the re-emergence of silicosis in Spain. The associated burden of care constitutes a present and future public health problem given the decreasing age of those affected.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"97 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11567648/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138833847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[COVID-19 vaccination at the University of Alicante (Spain): detection of neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 by rapid serological test, a cross-sectional study].","authors":"Ana C Montagud, Nancy Vicente-Alcalde, Eva M Gabaldón-Bravo, José Antonio Hurtado-Sánchez, Emilia Montagud, Cecilia M Egoavil, Enrique Chavarría-Alarcón, Pablo Caballero, José Tuells","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 have shown to be an effective tool for the analysis of the immunity generated against COVID-19. Numerous seroprevalence studies carried out in different groups have made it possible to draw a global map of vaccination coverage through the use of rapid lateral flow immunochromatography serological tests for clinical and epidemiological purposes. The objective of our study was to determine the degree of immunity against SARS-CoV-2 associated with the presence of neutralizing antibodies in administrative staff, teachers and students at the University of Alicante by means of a rapid serological test and to learn about their experience with vaccination against COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional epidemiological study was designed, based on the prevalence of antibodies against the S protein (spike) of SARS-CoV-2. A total of 888 people participated. The study was carried out with a single test (July 6 to July 22, 2021). Using logistic regression, adjusted Odds Ratios were calculated according to sex, age, type of vaccine, number of vaccine doses received, complete vaccination schedule, and having had COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The vaccines received mostly were Vaxzevria® and Comirnaty®, with 73.3% between both, although 67.2% presented a complete regimen. The results of the OJABIO rapid neutralizing antibody test gave a positive result in 61.4% of the sample. There was a high association between the variables COVID-19 infection, two doses of vaccine, Spikevax® or Comirnaty® vaccine, and eighteen/twenty-nine years old group with a positive result on the OJABIO test. A total of 712 subjects answered the parallel survey (80%) on adverse effects and preferences between the different vaccines against COVID-19.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The vaccination status against COVID-19 in the university community after six months of the start of national immunization strategies reflects low coverage despite the excellent willingness to get vaccinated. Neutralizing antibodies (NAb) rapid tests can be useful to guide immunization strategies and decide when to administer new booster doses.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"97 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571752/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138833849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Consultations to Emergency Departments for acute psychosis associated with illycit drugs use in Spain (REDUrHE Registry)].","authors":"Dima Ibrahim-Achi, Guillermo Burillo-Putze, Miguel Galicia, August Supervía, Joan Ortega Pérez, Marcos Expósito Rodríguez, Sebastián Matos Castro, Òscar Miró","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Mental health problems are increasing in Spain, and those related to drug use are a preventable aspect of public health. In Spain there are few studies on the incidence and characteristics of acute psychosis due to illegal drug use, especially at national and multicenter level, reason that motivated this paper.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A prospective multicentre study was carried out in eleven hospital Emergency Departments in Spain, lasting twenty-four months (REDUrHE Registry). Patients with acute psychosis were compared with those with organic pathology, analysing demographic aspects, drugs involved, associated clinical manifestations and evolution Quantitative variables were compared using Student's t-test and qualitative variables were compared using the chi-squared test (or Fisher's exact test as appropriate) and the magnitude of the association with the presence of psychosis using logistic regression. A p-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant or if the 95%CI of the OR excluded the value 1.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 4,487 patients in the registry, 9.5% presented acute psychosis, with a median age of thirty-two years and 79% male. The main clinical features were agitation (53%, p=0.001), hallucinations (43.2%, p=0.001) and anxiety (40%, p=0.00). Psychosis was more frequent with cannabis (57.7%), cocaine (42%) and amphetamines and derivatives (26.4%), although in the analysis adjusted for co-drug use (39.5%), or in association with ethyl alcohol (57.7%), it was only statistically significant for cannabis (p=0.0). Patients with psychosis required more hospital admissions (38.1% vs. 10%, p=0.001), mainly in psychiatric units (34.1% vs. 4.2%, p=0.001), with hardly any intensive care unit admissions (0.4% vs. 2.1%, p=0.01). ED stay was high (29.3±73.8 hours vs 10.5±58.8 hours, p=0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In Spain, cannabis is the drug most associated with psychosis. This clinical condition produces more hospital admissions, although with a low risk at an organic level.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"97 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571693/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138483591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Utility of the <i>Abeona Health® app</i> for patient participation in the identification of chemotherapy-induced toxicity according to the CTCAE classification].","authors":"Carlota de Miguel Barbero, Elvira Gea Rodríguez, Francesc Garcia Cuyàs","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Since 2003, the National Cancer Institute (NCI) of the United States of America has been one of the world leaders in classifying adverse effects (AEs). Currently, smartphones allow, among many other things, the monitoring of these AEs of chemotherapy from home to improve the safety and quality of life of patients. The aim was to perform a descriptive comparative analysis of the AEs content of the <i>Abeona Health® app</i> and the latest version of the CTCAE (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The <i>Abeona Health® app</i> and the CTCAE v5 guide were used. Subsequently, the most recurrent AEs in the existing chemotherapy treatment were analysed according to the NCI and the Spanish Society of Medical Oncology (SEOM) and finally, whether patients could identify them.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CTCAE v5 (collects 837 AEs), where two hundred and twenty-five are signs and symptoms. The NCI classifies fifty-five signs and symptoms as the most recurrent, and the SEOM sixteen, of which fifteen coincide with the NCI. The <i>Abeona Health®</i> application has seven AEs, all included in the CTCAE v5. Of these seven, six appear in the NCI lists of most recurrent AEs and four in the SEOM list, all identifiable by the patient.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The <i>Abeona Health® app</i> is considered adequate for the patient participation in their self-care, although some fields could be expanded.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"97 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566884/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138810783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Multiple PCR <i>ALLPLEX TM ENTERO-DR</i> for multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae management at Albacete University Hospital].","authors":"Pilar Cárdenas Soriano, José Miguel Cantero Escribano, Francisco Jesús Molina Cabrero, Ana Gómez-Juárez Sango, Jesús García Guerrero","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Multi-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (MRE) are a public health threat, with screening and isolation strategies being important to stop its dissemination. Multiplex PCR is a novel method capable of rapid diagnosis with high sensitivity and specificity. In this study, our objective was to evaluate its application to multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae management since its implementation in our hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An observational retrospective descriptive study of multiplex PCR ALLPLEX TM ENTERO-DR results to screen inpatients colonized by MRE took place from November 2019 to May 2021. We calculated the percentage of positive, negative, non-identifiable or invalid results, identified microorganisms, reason for requesting it and subsequent actions. Median and I.R. from sampling time to partial and theoretical culture time, and since last colonization/infection depending on test results were calculated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Resistance mechanisms were detected in 31.47% of tests, being E. coli ESBL (68.99%) the most frequently isolated microorganism. Median time to partial result was 5.75 hours (I.R.: 2.67), having statistically significant differences with theoretical time. The most important reason to request the test was screening (80.12%) and the most frequent action taken was not to isolate (41.70 %). Whenever forty-nine months or more since last colonization/infection have passed, only 14.81% of the samples tested positive.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Multiplex PCR is a useful test to manage colonized patients, capable of giving a rapid result and allowing for quicker decision-making, contributing to a good use of resources and patient comfort.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"97 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11567164/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138810483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Conceptual framework of gambling and gambling-related harms].","authors":"Olga Sancho, Catrina Clotas, Montse Bartroli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gambling is a legitimate leisure activity in many countries that many people use. However, some of them suffer significant harm because of gambling. This may involve economic, social, physical or mental harm. These harms are not only suffered by the individual gambler, but affect the family, the community and society. The aim of this text is to propose a conceptual framework for understanding the determinants of gambling and its related harms and thus, contribute to the development of prevention policies to reduce its impact on health. The framework proposed in this manuscript places present evidence in the model of health inequalities, analyzing the effect of the socioeconomic and political context, the axes of inequalities, individual and social factors, and the health system in generating the health inequalities of gambling suffered by the most vulnerable groups. The evidence gathered in this framework suggests that health determinants lead to health inequality in relation to gambling and its associated harms.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"97 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11567419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138810343","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[End of the use of masks in public spaces during the COVID-19 pandemic: impact on the mental health of pregnant women].","authors":"Francisco Javier Muñoz-Vela, Juan Gómez-Salgado, Francisco Javier Fernández-Carrasco, Regina Allande Cussó, Juana María Vázquez-Lara, Juan Jesús García Iglesias, Luciano Rodríguez-Díaz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>COVID-19 has affected the entire population, generating a greater impact on certain vulnerable groups, such as pregnant women. The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of fear and anxiety regarding the COVID-19 disease in pregnant women, using the AMICO_Pregnant scale, in the final phase of the health crisis caused by the disease, marked by the relaxation of isolation measures in public spaces.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study using the self-reported questionnaire AMICO_Pregnant was developed between March 24 and April 18, 2022. This was followed by a univariate and bivariate statistical analysis of the data collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 479 surveys of pregnant women of different gestational ages were obtained. The bivariate analysis showed statistical significance in the AMICO_Pregnant scale score about several variables over the previous year: contact with the disease (p=0.025); number of previous pregnancies (p=0.019); changes in the birth plan (p=0.001); and vaccination status (p=0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted pregnant women's mental health, producing a negative effect on emotions. The research carried out shows a statistically significant relationship between the levels of fear and anxiety in pregnant women and factors such as the number of previous pregnancies, contact with the previous disease, vaccination level or expectations regarding the delivery or birth plan.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"97 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11566653/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138810273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on cannabis use in young adults and general population: a systematic review].","authors":"Lorena Botella-Juan, Nuria Fernández-Suárez, Alba Marcos-Delgado, Antonio José Molina-de la Torre, Tania Fernández-Villa","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The first COVID-19 lockdown was a very restrictive situation that may have impacted on the prevalence and patterns of cannabis use. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the evidence on cannabis use and reasons for use in different countries during first lockdown in young adults and general population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study followed PRISMA guidelines, and the review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (registration CRD42022303181). The search was carried out in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y Embase databases. Inclusion criteria were: cross-sectional or cohort studies; population ≥16 years; exploring cannabis use during lockdown; and English or Spanish language.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty studies, conducted in European countries (n=17), North America (n=12) and rest of the world (n=1), were analysed. The overall prevalence of cannabis use was found to be largely unchanged, but regular users tended to maintain (between 39.5% and 96.8% of the sample) or increase cannabis use (between 2.9% and 51.6%). The main decreases were among occasional users. Some reasons for the increase were boredom, loneliness, stress, coping and depressive symptoms. In addition, young people were the heaviest users, and being younger, live without family, financial problems and a low educational level were significantly (p-value<0.05) associated with increased use.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Most regular users maintained or slightly increased their use, with young people being the main users. Concerning reasons for use like coping and depressive symptoms were found. Cannabis use needs to be addressed with strategies focused on the young population, considering occasional and regular use, as well as motivations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"97 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11571766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138810405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[About One Health, the cobweb and the spider].","authors":"Javier Segura Del Pozo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94199,"journal":{"name":"Revista espanola de salud publica","volume":"97 ","pages":"e1-e4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138479867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}