Research quarterly for exercise and sport最新文献

{"title":"Attitude, Habit Strength, and the Relationship Between Intention and Leisure-Time Physical Activity Behavior Among College Students.","authors":"Yaogang Han, Yubing Wang, Pan Li, Binn Zhang","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2389906","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2389906","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>According to the dual-process theories, many scholars proposed that physical activity behavior tends to be governed by an interplay of intentional planning and habitual action. The major purpose of this study was to determine the moderation effects of habit strength on the relationship between leisure time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) intention and behavior and the impacts of cognitive and affective attitude on PA habit strength, utilizing a latent interaction modeling approach. A total of 1803 undergraduate students completed this study. All variables were measured using validated self-report questionnaires. Structural equation modeling and Hayes' PROCESS program (model 1) were conducted to address the research questions. Habit strength significantly and positively moderated the effects of intention on leisure time MVPA behavior (β = .08, <i>p</i> < .01). The association between intention and PA behavior became stronger as habit strength increased. Affective attitude positively and significantly influenced habit strength (β = .71, <i>p</i> < .01). The effect of cognitive attitude on habit strength was significant and negative with a small effect size (β = -.08, <i>p</i> < .01). Findings indicated that habit strength positively moderated the relationship between PA intention and behavior, suggesting that stronger habit strength may amplify the association between PA intention and actual PA behavior. Affective attitude toward PA significantly influenced habit strength, whereas cognitive attitude exhibited minimal negative impact on habit strength. These findings contribute to our understanding of the interaction effects between deliberative and automatic processes in regulating PA behavior, as well as the nuanced relationship between attitude and habit development.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"223-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141977595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Participation Patterns in Leisure Activities of 6- to 8-Year-Old Typically Developing Children in Relation to Their Motor Performance.","authors":"Elisa Habluetzel Esposito, Dagmar F A A Derikx, Suzanne Houwen, Marina M Schoemaker, Esther Hartman","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2389890","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2389890","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The average level of children's motor performance has decreased in the past decades. Therefore, it is important to identify risk- or enabling factors for motor performance. One such factor could be children's participation in leisure activities (LA). LA are non-obligatory and intrinsically motivated activities performed during free time. They include physical activities, such as individual and team sports and other types of activities, such as doing crafts, hanging out with friends, and playing musical instruments. The present study explores how participating in different combinations of LA (i.e. participation patterns) are related to children's motor performance using a person-centered approach. Ninety 6- to 8-year-old typically developing children (57.8% boys) were recruited from six Dutch primary schools. LA participation and motor performance were measured with the Children's Assessment of Participation and Enjoyment questionnaire and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2, respectively. Children were grouped in patterns using Cluster Analysis. Comparisons among patterns were performed with one-way multivariate analysis of variance. As hypothesized, children who participated in a greater variety of LA (i.e., higher participation diversity) and who engaged more frequently in each LA (i.e., higher participation intensity) scored better on manual dexterity, balance, and total motor performance compared to those with lower participation diversity and intensity. Based on these findings, coaches, physical educators, and parents should create opportunities for children to participate in a broad range of LA and to engage in these LA frequently.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"201-212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142116661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inclusion of Game-Based Stimulus During Flywheel Resistance Training Positively Influences Physical Performance in Handball Players.","authors":"Marc Madruga-Parera, Pedro T Esteves, John F T Fernandes, Vicente Beltrán-Garrido, Stephen Bird, Nuno Leite, Daniel Romero-Rodriguez, Jorge Arede","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2359603","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2359603","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Handball is a body-contact Olympic ball sport that is characterized by fast-paced defensive and offensive actions. Players must coordinate explosive movements (e.g. changing of direction) and handball-specific skills (e.g. passing). Maximizing performance requires a systematic approach to training that includes physical, psychological, technical, and tactical preparation. <b>Purpose:</b> The aim of this study is to determine the effects of movement-based (MOV; unspecific sport stimulus) or game-based (GAM; sport-specific stimulus) flywheel resistance training intervention in highly trained youth handball players. <b>Method:</b>Twenty-five highly trained youth male handball players completed two sessions per week of flywheel resistance training (MOV, <i>n</i> = 12; GAM, <i>n</i> = 13) over the 7-week intervention period. Change-of-direction tests (180º change-of-direction speed test of both legs and test) and handball-throwing test were conducted before and after the intervention. <b>Results:</b> Both groups significantly improved <i>V</i>-cut, and 180º Change-of-direction speed test performance (<i>p</i> < .05; <i>d</i> = 0.79-2.05). Notwithstanding, the GAM group demonstrated greater improvements in <i>V</i>-cut and COD180_ASY compared with the MOV group (<i>p</i> < .05) with small effect. Handball throwing speed performance remained unchanged independently of training condition (<i>p</i> > .05). <b>Conclusions:</b> These findings provide further support for the training principle of \"specificity\" and highlight the importance of including a game-based training stimulus during resistance training. This is a key consideration for coaches wanting to enhance physical performance in youth handball players.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141565470","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Training Load Intensification on the Sleep Pattern of Young Soccer Players.","authors":"Ayrton Bruno de Morais Ferreira, Bruno Laerte Lopes Ribeiro, Iago Medeiros da Silva, John Fontenele-Araújo, Arnaldo Luis Mortatti","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2359608","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2359608","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> The aim of this study was to examine how intensifying training loads over a week affects the sleep patterns of young soccer players on the nights immediately following the intensified training sessions. <b>Methods:</b> Quasi-experimental study. Fifteen young athletes participants of a team engaged in national level competition, underwent two weeks of training with varying load magnitudes-Week 1: low accumulated training load and Week 2: intensified training loads [40% increase in external training load(ETL)]. To characterize the intensification of the workload, the methods PlayerLoad and RPE-Session were employed to measure ETL and internal training load(ITL), respectively. Total sleep time(TST), total time in bed(TTB), sleep efficiency(SE), sleep latency(SL), and wake after sleep onset(WASO) were obtained using actigraphy and daily sleep log. The variables were compared among the days of week (e.g. Monday of week 1 with Monday of week 2, and so forth). <b>Results:</b> Acute training intensification in week 2 led to significant increases in ETL and ITL on Monday and on Wednesday(<i>p</i> < .05), and ETL(<i>p</i> < .05) on Friday on the second week. Improvements in sleep were observed (Tuesday-TST:+80 min, WASO:-29.3 min, SL:-8 min, SE:+9%; Thursday-TST:+86 min, SL:-4 min, SE:+4%; Saturday-TST:+40 min, SL:+1 min) compared to the same day of the previous week. Correlations between ETL and ITL(<i>r</i> = 0.637), ITL and TST(<i>r</i> = 0.572), ITL and SE(<i>r</i> = 0.548) were found. <b>Conclusion:</b> Intensification of training loads results in alterations in sleep variables, notably an elevated TST and SE in the days subsequent to the acute load increment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"11-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141500056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does In-The-Moment Strategic Self-Talk Affect Volleyball Officials' Refereeing Efficacy?","authors":"Aubrey Aspen, Julius Jooste","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2376243","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2376243","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Self-talk in sport is a valuable self-help tool for regulating one's emotions, thoughts, and actions. This study aimed to examine whether the use of in-the-moment, strategic self-talk enhances volleyball officials' efficacy beliefs about their refereeing decisions in match-play scenarios. The relationship between officials' general self-talk tendencies and commonly perceived refereeing efficacy in recent matches was also investigated. A between-subjects design powered by an online Qualtrics survey was employed to recruit 62 skilled volleyball officials (<i>M</i>age = 54.69, <i>SD</i> = 13.15 years) who were randomly assigned to strategic self-talk (experimental) or unrelated pangram statements (control) groups. Before assessing two disputed match-play situations presented as video clips, the officials were instructed to verbally reaffirm three assigned statements. Officials were then asked to rate their confidence in the accuracy and fairness of their decisions in each scenario. They also completed the Automatic Self-Talk Questionnaire for Sports and the Referee Self-Efficacy Scales. The Mann-Whitney-U test found no significant variations in decision-making beliefs to the match-play scenarios between the groups. Further analyses revealed significant associations between the study variables with organic self-talk tendencies employed to \"psych up\" and convey \"worry\" to exert significant and opposing influences on various aspects of officials' refereeing self-efficacy. Despite these influences, it is recommended that experienced officials may already have a reservoir of experiential acumen and metacognitive skills, which may necessitate a more protracted engagement with self-talk methods under social evaluative conditions to perceive confidence shifts in volleyball decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"146-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141622072","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual-Task Effect on Center of Pressure Oscillations and Prefrontal Cortex Activation Between Young and Older Adults.","authors":"Jiahao Pan, Shuqi Zhang","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2365940","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2365940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose</b>: This study aimed to investigate the dual-task effect on conventional center of pressure (CoP) outcomes, CoP oscillations, and prefrontal cortex (PFC) activation between young and older adults. <b>Methods</b>: Fourteen healthy older adults (age: 66.25 ± 3.43 years) and another fourteen gender-matched young adults (age: 19.80 ± 0.75 years) participated in this study. Participants completed single-task and dual-task standing trials in a fixed order. The displacement of CoP and PFC activation were recorded using a Force plate and a functional near-infrared spectroscopy system, respectively. Two-way MANOVAs were used to examine the group and task effects. Additionally, the Pearson correlation analyses were used to investigate the relationship between CoP oscillations and PFC activation. <b>Results</b>: Our results showed a worse balance performance, greater CoP oscillations of 0-0.1 (11.03 ± 8.24 vs. 23.20 ± 12.54 cm²) and 0.1-0.5 (13.62 ± 9.30 vs. 30.00 ± 23.12 cm²) Hz in the medial-lateral direction and higher right (dorsomedial: -0.0003 ± 0.021 vs. 0.021 ± 0.021 & ventrolateral: 0.0087 ± 0.047 vs. 0.025 ± 0.045 mol/ml) and left (dorsomedial: 0.0033 ± 0.024 vs. 0.020 ± 0.025 & ventrolateral: 0.0060 ± 0.037 vs. 0.034 ± 0.037 mol/ml) PFC activation in response to a secondary cognitive task in older adults (<i>p</i> < .05). Older adults also showed significant positive correlations between CoP oscillations in the anterior-posterior direction and PFC activation under the single-task standing. <b>Conclusion</b>: These results suggest that older adults presented a loss of postural automaticity contributing to cognitive dysfunction. Moreover, heightened CoP oscillations at 0-0.5 Hz in response to a secondary cognitive task could provide evidence of a loss of automaticity, which might be associated with a greater reliance on the sensory inputs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"85-95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immediate Effects of High-Intensity Blood Flow Restriction Training on Muscle Performance and Muscle Soreness.","authors":"Damla Korkmaz Dayican, Busra Ulker Eksi, Safak Yigit, Gulsena Utku Umut, Burcin Ozyurek, Hayrettin Emir Yilmaz, Buket Akinci","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2389902","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2389902","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> The aim was to investigate the immediate effects of high-intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction (HIRT-BFR) on rectus femoris (RF) muscle activity, reaction time, muscular performance, and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in healthy young adults. <b>Methods:</b> Twenty-four healthy young adults were randomized into the HIRT-BFR group or HIRT group. Both groups performed a single session of training with 80% of 1RM, 8 repetitions, 2 sets, and 3 minutes rest to RF muscle. The activity and reaction time of the dominant extremity RF muscle were evaluated by superficial electromyography (sEMG), muscular performance by single-leg squat test, and DOMS by the Visual Analog Scale. <b>Results:</b> Single-leg squat performance was significantly increased in HIRT-BFR (<i>p</i> = .001) and HIRT group (<i>p</i> = .04). Additionally, in HIRT group resting average (<i>p</i> = .03), resting maximal voluntary contraction % (<i>p</i> = .04), and relaxation minimum (<i>p</i> = .02) values of RF were significantly increased. DOMS level decreased significantly in HIRT-BFR (<i>p</i> < .001) and HIRT group (<i>p</i> = .019). The differences were similar in the groups for sEMG parameters, muscle performance, and DOMS level. <b>Conclusion:</b> We observed that HIRT-BFR and HIRT were similar in terms of muscle activation, reaction time, muscular performance of the RF, and DOMS level.Trial registration number: This study is registered at www.clinicaltrails.gov (NCT05274542).</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"213-222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor Competence, Physical Fitness, Psychosocial, and Physical Activity Characteristics in 9- to 14-Year-Olds: Sex Differences and Age and Maturity Considerations.","authors":"Alan M Burton, Ian Cowburn, Joey C Eisenmann, Thomas Sawczuk, Thomas Watson, Jack McDermott, Kevin Till","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2381800","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2381800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sex, chronological age, and maturity potentially impact multidimensional health-related characteristics (i.e. motor competence, physical fitness, psychosocial, physical activity), which adds to the challenges of reversing current youth health-related concerns. Previous research fails to optimally assess such characteristics and consider sex, age, and maturity among youth. Therefore, the aims were to 1) present the multidimensional health-related characteristics of 9-14-year-olds from the UK, 2) examine sex differences, and 3) account for the effect of age and maturity on such characteristics. Eighty-one girls (mean age = 12.8 ± 1.2 years) and 136 boys (mean age = 13.1 ± 1.2 years) were purposively sampled and assessed across each of the four health-related domains. Multiple ANCOVA analyses examined sex differences among characteristics while accounting for chronological age. Pearson's correlations were used to evaluate the associations between maturity and multidimensional health-related characteristics. Multidimensional health-related characteristics were lower than similar populations and highly variable. Boys outperformed girls on most physical measures (ES = -0.76 to 0.76), elicited greater self-determined motivation (ES = 0.36), greater perceived competence (ES = 0.54), and engaged in more vigorous physical activity (ES = 0.78). Small age effects were present across some characteristics (e.g. isometric mid-thigh pull). Associations between maturity and multidimensional health-related characteristics were different for boys and girls (e.g. maturity offset positively associated with motor competence scores in girls only). Results suggest that multidimensional health-related characteristics of 9- to 14-year-olds are a concern, and are impacted by sex, age, and maturity. Identifying methods to improve multidimensional health-related characteristics which considers sex, age, and maturity are required. Assessing multidimensional health-related characteristics across youth is recommended to inform and measure interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"171-182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141857517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Inspiratory Muscle-Loaded Exercise Training on Ventilatory Response and Intercostal Muscle Deoxygenation During Incremental Cycling Exercise.","authors":"Jun Koike, Takeshi Ogawa","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2365291","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2365291","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Purpose:</b> This study evaluated the effects of exercise training (ET) and inspiratory muscle-loaded exercise training (IMLET) on ventilatory response and intercostal muscle deoxygenation levels during incremental cycling exercise. <b>Methods:</b> Twenty-one male participants were randomly divided into IMLET (<i>n</i> = 10) or ET (<i>n</i> = 11) groups. All participants underwent a 4-week cycling exercise training at 60% peak oxygen uptake. IMLET loaded 50% of maximal inspiratory pressure (P_Imax). Respiratory muscle strength test, respiratory muscle endurance test (RMET), resting hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness (HVR) test, and incremental cycling test were performed pre- and post-training. <b>Results:</b> The extent of improvement in the P_Imax was significantly greater in the IMLET group (24%) than in the ET group (8%) (<i>p</i> = .018), and an extended RMET time was observed in the IMLET group (<i>p</i> < .001). Minute ventilation (<math><mrow><msub><mover><mi>V</mi><mo>˙</mo></mover><mi>E</mi></msub></mrow></math>) during exercise was unchanged in both groups before and after training, but tidal volume during exercise increased in the IMLET group. The increase in the exercise intensity threshold for muscle deoxygenation was similar in both groups (<i>p</i> < .001). HVR remained unchanged in both groups post-training. The exercise duration for the incremental exercise until reaching fatigue increased by 7.9% after ET and 6.9% after IMLET (<i>p</i> < .001). <b>Conclusion:</b> The 4-week IMLET improved respiratory muscle strength and endurance but did not alter HVR. Respiratory muscle deoxygenation was alleviated by exercise training, with a limited impact of inspiratory load training.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"62-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141581959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Are the Positions in the Word Ranking of Competitive Alpine Skiers Explainable by Prominent Polymorphisms in Regulatory Genes of Mechanical and Metabolic Muscle Functioning?","authors":"Benedikt Gasser, Walter O Frey, Paola Valdivieso, Johannes Scherr, Juana Kopf, Jörg Spörri, Martin Flück","doi":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2387040","DOIUrl":"10.1080/02701367.2024.2387040","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Background:</b> The success of competitive alpine skiers with respective to their world ranking (WR) positions might be associated with prominent gene polymorphisms. <b>Methods:</b> Twenty-six competitive alpine skiers were followed from 2015 to 2019 for their WR positions (FIS-ranking). Using PCR, the genotypes of ACE-I/D, TNC, ACTN3, and PTK2 were identified. The correlations between the discipline-specific WR position (slalom-SL, giant slalom-GS, super G-SG, downhill-DH, and alpine combined-AC) and gene polymorphisms were analyzed concerning an influence with multivariate regression models. <b>Results:</b> The WR position and the ACE gene as well as the copy number of the ACE I-allele exhibited reciprocal relationships for speed specialists (SG and DH) but not for technical specialists (SL and GS). Similarly, the gene polymorphisms ACTN3 and (partly) PTK2 were associated with the WR position in disciplines characterized by a high number of turns (technical specialists-SL and GS) and speed (speed-specialists-SG and DH), respectively. <b>Conclusions:</b> Our findings emphasize the contributions of aerobic and cardiovascular metabolism in fueling muscle work and recovering from muscle fatigue for competitive success in slalom-driven skiing disciplines and highlight the contributions of sequence variants in the genes ACE, TNC, and ACTN3.</p>","PeriodicalId":94191,"journal":{"name":"Research quarterly for exercise and sport","volume":" ","pages":"192-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142038071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}