Puerto Rico health sciences journal最新文献_第4页

Critical Overview of Current Drug Abuse in Puerto Rico based on Governmental Data. 根据政府数据对波多黎各当前药物滥用情况的重要概述。

Puerto Rico health sciences journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01

Christian D Del Valle-Colón, Julienn Torres-Rodríguez, Mallerie Carrasquillo-Rivera, Esteban Fernández-Rodríguez, Alejandra Beltrán-Rivera, Patricia Pujols, Carmen S Maldonado-Vlaar

{"title":"Critical Overview of Current Drug Abuse in Puerto Rico based on Governmental Data.","authors":"Christian D Del Valle-Colón, Julienn Torres-Rodríguez, Mallerie Carrasquillo-Rivera, Esteban Fernández-Rodríguez, Alejandra Beltrán-Rivera, Patricia Pujols, Carmen S Maldonado-Vlaar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The abuse of psychoactive substances poses a critical public health challenge in Puerto Rico, with far-reaching implications for both individuals and society as a whole. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the patterns and trends associated with drug abuse in Puerto Rico, focusing on alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, benzodiazepines, opioids, and methadone. Recent statistics reveal a concerning increase in substance abuse, particularly among young adults. Long-standing problems with alcohol and tobacco continue to drive chronic health conditions, while the legalization of medical cannabis has influenced its usage patterns. The abuse of prescription medications, especially benzodiazepines and opioids, has intensified, contributing to an expanding opioid crisis on the island. This review critically examines the current scientific literature, highlighting the urgent need for comprehensive, evidence-based strategies for prevention, intervention, and regulation. It also underlines the importance of continued research efforts and the development of tailored approaches to effectively address drug abuse in Puerto Rico. By shedding light on these complex challenges, the article provides valuable insights that can inform future initiatives aimed at curbing substance abuse and promoting the well-being of Puerto Rico's population.","PeriodicalId":94183,"journal":{"name":"Puerto Rico health sciences journal","volume":"43 4","pages":"177-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Interleukin 6 localization in the Umbilical Cord Tissue of Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia: Smokers and Non-smokers. 吸烟和不吸烟孕妇子痫前期脐带组织中肿瘤坏死因子- α和白细胞介素6的定位

Puerto Rico health sciences journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01

Sukran Yediel-Aras, Berrin Goktug-Kadioglu, Arzu Gezer, Buket Bakir, Ebru Karadag-Sari

{"title":"Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Interleukin 6 localization in the Umbilical Cord Tissue of Pregnant Women with Preeclampsia: Smokers and Non-smokers.","authors":"Sukran Yediel-Aras, Berrin Goktug-Kadioglu, Arzu Gezer, Buket Bakir, Ebru Karadag-Sari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: In this study, the localization of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL) -6 in the umbilical cord tissue of pregnant women with preeclampsia who smoke and in those who do not smoke was investigated using immunohistochemical methods.Methods: The sample groups consisted of a control group, cigarette smokers, preeclampsia, and cigarette smokers with preeclampsia. Histological and immunohistochemical methods were applied to the tissue samples.Results: It was determined that there were varying degrees of edemato s change in the layers of arteries and veins in the preeclampsia and the cigarette smokers with preeclampsia groups, with a statistically significant level of difference in thickness compared to the other groups. In addition, different levels of TNF α and IL-6 immunoreactivity were detected in the umbilical cord tissue across all the groups. In the preeclampsia group, TNF-α immunoreactivity was found to increase in the arterial muscle layer. Moreover, IL-6 immunoreactivity was found to decrease in the arterial endothelium and muscle layers in the cigarette smokers, preeclampsia, and cigarette smokers with preeclampsia groups and increase in the venous endothelium and muscle layers. In addition, immunoreactivity increased in the amniotic epithelium in the cigarette smokers with preeclampsia group.Discussion: In conclusion, the differences in cytokine levels between the cigarette smokers, preeclampsia, and cigarette smokers with preeclampsia groups were thought to be caused by responses of the maternal immune system and histopathological changes in the umbilical cord tissue.","PeriodicalId":94183,"journal":{"name":"Puerto Rico health sciences journal","volume":"43 4","pages":"214-220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Small Ovarian Teratoma Causes Anti-N-methyl- D-aspartate Encephalitis. 卵巢小畸胎瘤引起抗n -甲基- d -天冬氨酸脑炎。

Puerto Rico health sciences journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01

Valeria Muñoz-Becerra, Keimari Méndez, Hilary Ann Cabrera-Martínez, Adriana N García-Irizarry

{"title":"Small Ovarian Teratoma Causes Anti-N-methyl- D-aspartate Encephalitis.","authors":"Valeria Muñoz-Becerra, Keimari Méndez, Hilary Ann Cabrera-Martínez, Adriana N García-Irizarry","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"This is the case of a 22-year-old female who arrived at our institution after experiencing refractory insomnia, disorganized behavior, inappropriate laughter, and anorexia. Upon admission, a physical examination revealed mutism, irritability, and visual hallucinations. Infectious, metabolic, and other, alternative, causes for the presenting symptoms were excluded. Brain magnetic resonance imaging and chest and abdominopelvic computed tomography scan results showed no evidence of pathology. Due to there being a high clinical suspicion of paraneoplastic encephalitis, treatment was initiated with intravenous (IV) high-dose steroids and IV immunoglobulins. An endovaginal ultrasound was performed, which revealed a small atypical intraovarian dermoid cyst. The patient's laboratory tests were positive for anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate antibodies within her cerebrospinal fluid. A laparoscopic right partial salpingectomy and an oophorectomy were performed on day 25, after the symptoms developed further. Histopathology confirmed the presence of a mature teratoma within the right ovary. After surgery, she returned to her baseline mental status, with no further complications.","PeriodicalId":94183,"journal":{"name":"Puerto Rico health sciences journal","volume":"43 4","pages":"230-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The First Demonstration of X-rays in Puerto Rico: June 1897. 1897年6月，波多黎各首次展示x射线。

Puerto Rico health sciences journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01

José G Rigau-Pérez

{"title":"The First Demonstration of X-rays in Puerto Rico: June 1897.","authors":"José G Rigau-Pérez","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Röntgen's discovery made international news in January 1896, but the appearance of x-rays in Puerto Rico has been dated to 1911. This investigation was undertaken to identify the time, place, participants, and equipment of the first public demonstration of x-rays in Puerto Rico, document other users before 1911, and frame the events and persons in their social, professional, and international contexts.Methods: Information was retrieved from digitized Puerto Rico newspapers available online and secondary printed and digital sources.Discussion: The first demonstration of x rays in Puerto Rico was organized by physician José Esteban Saldaña in June 1897 and included Francisco Pelati (who documented the event), an electrician; José C. Barbosa, Francisco and Pedro Del Valle, and Juan and Ricardo Hernández, physicians; and José A. Canals, an engineer. Other users prior to 1911 are documented.Conclusions: Internationally, the first reaction to the discovery of x-rays was a mixture of wonder, experimentation, fascination with a scientific novelty carrying other-worldly resonance, and recognition of potential dangers. Puerto Rico was not an exception. The news arrived in seven weeks, although the equipment (apparently from New York) arrived a year and a half later (June 1897). The readily apparent common denominator for this group of first users is political affiliation, but they were connected by a variety of experiences, despite differences in race, class, and religious ideas. As in other places, x-ray use increased slowly and was available in several cities in Puerto Rico by 1911.","PeriodicalId":94183,"journal":{"name":"Puerto Rico health sciences journal","volume":"43 4","pages":"167-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Descriptive Epidemiology of Intracranial Meningiomas for a Hispanic Population in Puerto Rico. 波多黎各西班牙裔人群颅内脑膜瘤的描述性流行病学研究。

Puerto Rico health sciences journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01

Orlando De Jesus

{"title":"Descriptive Epidemiology of Intracranial Meningiomas for a Hispanic Population in Puerto Rico.","authors":"Orlando De Jesus","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The epidemiology of meningiomas for patients with Hispanic ethnicity is mainly unknown beyond a few studies. Evidence supporting the ethnic influence over meningioma World Health Organization (WHO) grade is limited. This study aimed to investigate a Hispanic population in Puerto Rico with intracranial meningiomas regarding the WHO grade.Methods: This study retrospectively reviewed 173 Hispanic patients who underwent pathology-proven intracranial meningioma resection by a single surgeon at a tertiary care facility during 25 years. Descriptive statistics were used to investigate clinical and histopathological differences among the patients.Results: The cohort had 71.1% female patients, with a female-to-male ratio of 2.6:1. The median age of the patients was 53 years, ranging between 19 and 87 years. Analysis showed that 159 patients had a WHO grade 1 meningioma (91.9%), 13 patients had a WHO grade 2 meningioma (7.5%), and one patient had a WHO grade 3 meningioma (0.6%). Recurrence occurred in ten patients (5.8%).Conclusion: This study reveals a higher percentage of Hispanic patients with WHO grade 1 meningiomas in Puerto Rico than for Hispanic patients living in the United States.","PeriodicalId":94183,"journal":{"name":"Puerto Rico health sciences journal","volume":"43 4","pages":"196-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

HPV Vaccine Status, Gender, Sexual Identities and Risk Behaviors of Adults Residing in Puerto Rico: A Cross-Sectional Study. 波多黎各成年人的HPV疫苗状况、性别、性身份和危险行为：一项横断面研究

Puerto Rico health sciences journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01

Daisy Pulido, Linda Perez-Laras, María Tonkopiy, Gabriel García-Castro, Luis A Vélez, Yamixa Delgado

{"title":"HPV Vaccine Status, Gender, Sexual Identities and Risk Behaviors of Adults Residing in Puerto Rico: A Cross-Sectional Study.","authors":"Daisy Pulido, Linda Perez-Laras, María Tonkopiy, Gabriel García-Castro, Luis A Vélez, Yamixa Delgado","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Currently, in Puerto Rico (PR) there is no study for HPV vaccination rates after implementing mandatory HPV vaccination school entry policy in 2018. This study aims to (a) explore HPV vaccination status in adults (≥18 years) residing in PR., particularly those who fall within the age range approved for vaccination; (b) describe participants' gender and sexual identities and behavior risk factors; and (c) determine how the willingness to vaccinate against HPV is influenced by sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, education level, and health insurance.Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to understand HPV vaccination status, sexual health and behavior risk factors, and sociodemographic factors in adults residing in PR. Surveys were distributed using various strategies over six months to collect data. Informed consent was obtained, and participants were assured anonymity and data utilization. We performed descriptive and logistic regression analyses using STATA.Results: From a sample of 314 individuals, 47% were vaccinated, and 82% were familiar with the HPV vaccine. Among the unvaccinated, 49% were open to vaccination. Age and gender significantly predicted vaccination status, with older individuals 65% less likely and females 60% more likely to be vaccinated than males and other genders.Conclusion: This study identifies age, gender identity, education, and health insurance as pivotal determinants of HPV vaccination status in PR. It also found interest in vaccine information among non-vaccinated people, revealing significant coverage disparities crucial for enhancing vaccination rates and sexual health education.","PeriodicalId":94183,"journal":{"name":"Puerto Rico health sciences journal","volume":"43 4","pages":"207-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy: Incidence and Clinical Evolution in Toluca, Mexico. 妊娠期急性脂肪肝：墨西哥托卢卡的发病率和临床演变。

Puerto Rico health sciences journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01

José Meneses-Calderón, Jazmin Meneses-Figueroa, Jesús Carlos Briones-Garduño, María José Vargas-Contreras, Cecilia Veneranda Contreras-Herrera, Hugo Mendieta-Zerón

引用次数: 0

Impact of Postnatal Head Circumference Growth in Normocephalic Infants Prenatally exposed to Zika Virus in Puerto Rico. 波多黎各产前暴露于寨卡病毒的正常头颅婴儿产后头围增长的影响。

Puerto Rico health sciences journal Pub Date : 2024-12-01

Rebeca Fuentes-Rodriguez, Lourdes García-Fragoso, Zayhara Reyes-Bou, Alberto De la Vega, Enid J García-Rivera, Inés García-García

{"title":"Impact of Postnatal Head Circumference Growth in Normocephalic Infants Prenatally exposed to Zika Virus in Puerto Rico.","authors":"Rebeca Fuentes-Rodriguez, Lourdes García-Fragoso, Zayhara Reyes-Bou, Alberto De la Vega, Enid J García-Rivera, Inés García-García","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: We aimed to describe the head circumference (HC) growth trends for non-microcephalic infants exposed to the Zika virus (ZIKV) in utero.Methods: This was a medical record review of non-microcephalic neonates exposed to ZIKV whose mothers received prenatal care at the fetal evaluation unit (2015-2017). The mean HC values of babies from prenatal age to 1 year old were compared with the standardized values on HC growth charts.Results: Sixty-three mother-infant pairs were included, and 56 infants (boys, 30%; girls, 70%) were evaluated. The mothers tested positive for ZIKV; their babies had a mean gestational age of 38 weeks (32-42) and a mean birth weight of 3,150 grams (1,190-4,220). The mean HC growth of the fetuses (19-34 weeks gestational age) placed them in the 25th percentile, increasing to the 50th percentile (according to the World Health Organization [WHO]). Compared with other growth charts (INTERGROWTH- 21st [International Fetal and Newborn Growth Consortium for the 21st Century] and Puerto Rico reference values), the mean HC grew in the 50th percentile at 18 to 30 weeks of gestational age, indicating normal growth in children from Zika-positive women. According to the WHO chart, the postnatal HCs of both the girls and boys reached the 75th and 50th percentiles, respectively.Conclusion: Postnatal HC growth was normal. Results from this study suggest that infants exposed to ZIKV in utero can be normocephalic at birth. Therefore, the neurodevelopmental outcomes of such infants should be followed throughout childhood and adolescence, regardless of their HCs at birth.","PeriodicalId":94183,"journal":{"name":"Puerto Rico health sciences journal","volume":"43 4","pages":"200-206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142822944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Bayesian Projection of the Total Fertility Rate of Puerto Rico: 2020-2050. 波多黎各总和生育率的贝叶斯预测：2020-2050 年。

Puerto Rico health sciences journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01

Angélica M Rosario-Santos, Luis Pericchi-Guerra, Hernando Mattei

{"title":"A Bayesian Projection of the Total Fertility Rate of Puerto Rico: 2020-2050.","authors":"Angélica M Rosario-Santos, Luis Pericchi-Guerra, Hernando Mattei","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The abrupt decline in the Total Fertility Rate (TFR) of Puerto Rico to 0.9 children per woman, well below the replacement level of 2.1 children per woman, makes the prospect of a sustained population decline a real possibility. Population projections produced by the United States Census Bureau and the United Nations Population Division show that the island population may decline from 3.8 millions in 2000 to slightly above 2 million by 2050, a dramatic population decline of 47% in 50 years. Both population projections assume that all countries with a TFR below replacement level could eventually increase toward or oscillate to 2.1 children per woman and have Puerto Rico's TFR approaching 1.5 by 2050. This assumption has been widely criticized as unrealistic and not supported by evidence. The main objective of our research is to provide an alternative fertility projection for Puerto Rico by 2050 that has more realistic assumptions.Methods: Our methodology is based on the Bayesian Hierarchical Probabilistic Theory used by the United Nations to incorporate a way to measure the uncertainty and to estimate the projection parameters. We modified the assumptions used by the United Nations by considering 17 countries with TFR similar to Puerto Rico.Results: By 2050, Puerto Rico may have a TFR of 1.1 bounded by a 95% credibility interval (0.56,1.77).Conclusion: Under this scenario Puerto Rico can expect to have a larger population decline than that projected by the Census Bureau and the United Nations.","PeriodicalId":94183,"journal":{"name":"Puerto Rico health sciences journal","volume":"43 3","pages":"125-131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Molecular Aspects of the Monkeypox Virus and their Impact on the Virus's Change in Epidemiology. 猴痘病毒的分子方面及其对病毒流行病学变化的影响。

Puerto Rico health sciences journal Pub Date : 2024-09-01

Franklin Rómulo Aguilar-Gamboa, Danny Omar Suclupe-Campos

{"title":"Molecular Aspects of the Monkeypox Virus and their Impact on the Virus's Change in Epidemiology.","authors":"Franklin Rómulo Aguilar-Gamboa, Danny Omar Suclupe-Campos","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Monkeypox is a viral zoonotic disease endemic to West and Central Africa; it has been reported in more countries during the last decade than in the previous 40 years. In 2022 a multinational outbreak occurred. This change in the epidemiology of the virus may represent an evolutionary adaptation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the molecular aspects of Monkeypox virus (MPXV) disease that may explain the latter's change in epidemiology during the 2022 outbreak.Methods: From July 2022 through December 2022, the period of the outbreak, a narrative review was conducted on the available literature, with a total of 271 articles published in the MEDLINE/PubMed and LILACS databases being examined. The chosen articles were organized using the search and reference manager Mendeley Desktop 1.19.4. Duplicates and articles that did not meet the study's objective were eliminated, resulting in the selection of 49 articles for the present review.Discussion: MPXV resurgence poses challenges due to waning immunity and changing epidemiological patterns. Recent outbreaks show different transmission routes, affecting new demographics. Genomic evolution, vaccination history, and potential new animal reservoirs complicate containment efforts. Continued surveillance and vaccination are crucial for control.Conclusions: It seems possible that MPXV has (re-)emerged to occupy the ecological niche left by the smallpox virus. Mutations of the apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic subunit 3G motif, in MPXV clade IIb since 2017 may explain the epidemiological change that has occurred in recent years. This pattern could be due to sustained transmission in a new host or a new route of infection.","PeriodicalId":94183,"journal":{"name":"Puerto Rico health sciences journal","volume":"43 3","pages":"111-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142305175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0