Oncoscience最新文献

{"title":"Incidence and risk factors for new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM) in post-pancreatectomy patients diagnosed with pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAC): A systematic review.","authors":"Adavikolanu Kesava Ramgopal, Chandramouli Ramalingam, Kaliyath Soorej Balan, K S Abhishek Raghava, Kondapuram Manish, Kari NagaSai Divya, Yadala Ambedkar, Varthya Shobhan Babu, Kondeti Ajay Kumar","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.637","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.637","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a highly aggressive malignancy often requiring pancreatectomy as part of curative treatment. However, pancreatectomy frequently leads to endocrine dysfunction, such as new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM). But the relationship between post pancreatectomy NODM and pancreatic carcinoma and the relevant risk factors remains underexplored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic search for pertinent studies was conducted across electronic databases including MEDLINE, Cochrane, EMBASE, and Scopus, covering the period from January 2000 to March 2025. The quality of these studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale, specifically designed for cohort studies. Subgroup analysis was done in terms of different pancreatectomy procedures.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>45 quantitative studies were analysed, of which 16 (35.5%) were prospective studies and 29 (64.5%) were retrospective studies. Regarding the subgroup analysis, 11 studies analysed Pancreatico-Duodenectomy (PD) alone, another 12 studies analysed Distal Pancreatectomy (DP) alone, and the rest of the 22 studies compared PD with DP. The overall incidence of NODM was 24.5%, with the PD group incidence being 23.2%, and the DP group incidence was 26.3%. Older age, High BMI, preop hyperglycemia, pre-op high HbA1c, pre-existing chronic pancreatitis, low remnant pancreatic volume and post-operative complications were associated with a high incidence of NODM.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The development of NODM after partial pancreatic resections for pancreatic adenocarcinoma is a severe complication that requires prompt diagnosis, careful monitoring and systematic management. Hence, healthcare professionals should have detailed knowledge of the surgical procedure and its potential for diabetes complications postoperatively, using risk factor assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"203-218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12687554/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145727228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deciphering radiation effects in pap smears: A case report and review of challenges.","authors":"Gunvanti Rathod, Monica Mishra, Alisha Khan, Mishu Mangla","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.636","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.636","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cervical carcinoma remains a major public health issue, especially in developing countries with limited access to screening. The Papanicolaou (Pap) smear is a cost effective, essential diagnostic tool for early detection and post-treatment surveillance of cervical lesions. Conization is used for early-stage disease, while advanced cases are managed with chemoradiation. In the report, a 44-year-old woman treated with hysterectomy and chemoradiation presented with a vault smear showing classic radiation-induced changes e.g. nuclear enlargement with preserved Nuclear: Cytoplasm ratio, cytoplasmic vacuolation and granularity, hyperchromasia with smudged chromatin, multinucleation, degenerative nuclear features including chromatin wrinkling, and occasional bizarre cells. Recognizing these features is vital to prevent misdiagnosis and unnecessary intervention. The present case highlights the need for heightened awareness of post-radiation cytology in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"198-202"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12629613/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145566845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From obesity to cancer: Gut microbiome mechanisms, biomarkers, and U.S. public health strategies.","authors":"Hashim Muhammad Moseeb, Mohsin Muhammad Aizaz, Khan Aiza, Thakur Hammed Hafsa, Muzaffar Sania, Zahoor Kamran, Zahra Tu Shamama, Ashraf Muhammad Usama, Qureshi Pir Maroof, Fatima Feroze, Rahu Ahmed, Naeem Ammara, Gandhi Mahima","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.634","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.634","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Obesity, metabolic syndrome, and colorectal cancer (CRC) remain major public health challenges in the United States, collectively driving substantial morbidity, mortality, and economic burden. Beyond diet and genetics, the gut microbiome has emerged as a pivotal determinant of host metabolism, immunity, and carcinogenesis, influenced by both environmental and behavioral factors.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This review synthesizes current evidence linking gut microbial dysbiosis to obesity, metabolic syndrome, and CRC, emphasizing mechanistic pathways, environmental modifiers, and translational opportunities relevant to U.S. public health and precision medicine.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Comprehensive searches of PubMed and Scopus (2000-2025) identified large epidemiologic studies, mechanistic experiments, and clinical trials, prioritizing research from U.S. populations and nationally representative databases including NHANES, SEER, and the Nurses' Health Study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Microbial alterations such as enrichment of Fusobacterium nucleatum, enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis, and colibactin-producing Escherichia coli contribute to CRC initiation and progression. In obesity and metabolic syndrome, shifts in Firmicutes-to-Bacteroidetes ratios, altered short-chain fatty acid metabolism, and endotoxin-mediated inflammation disrupt metabolic homeostasis. Environmental and lifestyle exposures, including air pollutants, smoking, and Westernized diets, modulate microbial ecology across the aerodigestive tract, affecting disease susceptibility. The emerging discipline of Molecular Pathological Epidemiology (MPE) integrates lifestyle, microbiome, and biomarker data to elucidate exposure-outcome relationships, enabling personalized prevention and therapeutic strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The gut microbiome functions as both a biomarker and therapeutic target across metabolic and neoplastic diseases. Integrating microbiome science with environmental epidemiology and MPE frameworks offers transformative potential for precision prevention and equitable public health strategies in the U.S.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"175-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12598635/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temporal trends and disparities in sudden cardiac death among colorectal cancer patients: A nationwide study.","authors":"Eric Sanji, Juste Niba, Terence Longla, Lathifa Nnap, Charmain Mbaki, Bonaventure Dzekem","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.635","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.635","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are at risk of cardiovascular problems, especially sudden cardiac death, due to aging, pre-existing comorbidities, and cardiotoxic medicines. Few large-scale epidemiologic studies on SCD trends and disparities in CRC patients exist. The goal is to examine US CRC decedent SCD trends and sociodemographic variations from 1999 to 2020.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective population-based analysis was conducted using the CDC WONDER Multiple Cause of Death database (1999-2020). Colorectal cancer (CRC) fatalities were identified using ICD-10 codes C18-C21, and sudden cardiac death (SCD) was defined using ICD-10 codes I46.1, I46.9, R96.0, I49.0, and I21-I24. Age-adjusted and crude death rates were estimated by sex, race/ethnicity, age group, and U.S. state. Temporal trends were assessed using linear regression. Subgroup analyses were also performed by age, sex, and geographic region.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The age-adjusted mortality rate of SCD among CRC decedents reduced from 1.2 to 0.5 per 100,000 population between 1999 and 2020, demonstrating a steady trend. Males had greater SCD rates than females for two decades. Age-stratified analysis showed that CRC patients aged 65-84 carried the most SCD burden. Race and ethnicity affected SCD mortality, with Black and Asian/Pacific Islanders dying more than Whites. Geographic study found high SCD rates in Nebraska and Vermont and low rates in California and Texas.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Despite age-adjusted rate decreases over two decades, SCD remains a significant contributor to death in CRC patients. Persistent discrepancies by gender, race, and geography underline the importance of individualized cardio-oncology surveillance, equitable preventative initiatives, and focused public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"189-197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12598634/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145497791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bridging clinical insight and laboratory model in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) using DNA sequencing-based profiling of TP53.","authors":"Faisal Iqbal","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.632","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The most predominant and aggressive form of ovarian cancer is high grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), characterized by late-stage diagnosis and poor prognosis. The TP53 gene, the molecular underpinnings of this malignancy studying <i>in vitro</i> model to serve as a valuable. The Sanger sequencing was used for clinical and laboratory wild type TP53 gene and making it an ideal profiling to offers a precise method for detecting comparable specific gene. In this study, drug repurposing agent's metformin, chlorpromazine (CPZ) alone and combine were tested on both clinical and laboratory ovarian cancer samples to evaluate on hemocytometer and clonogenic assay for dead cell and proliferation respectively. Following drug treatment, both samples were further analyzed using Sanger sequencing to detect TP53 profiling. The resulting data were analyzed to achieve successfully known target region and worked as a bridge between clinical and laboratory model. The insights gained from this study not only validate OVCAR3 as a representative model for HGSOC but also provide a foundation for developing targeted therapeutic strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"168-174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12536892/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145350634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeted therapies and resistance mechanisms in lymphoma: Current landscape and emerging solutions.","authors":"Bishal Tiwari, Roshan Afshan, Shruthi Sridhar","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.633","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.633","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lymphomas represent a diverse group of hematologic malignancies with variable clinical behavior and underlying biology. The fifth edition of the WHO classification (WHO-HAEM5, 2022) provides an updated, lineage-based framework to categorize lymphoid neoplasms, integrating immunophenotypic, genetic, and clinical features. With advancements in molecular profiling and immunotherapy, targeted treatments have transformed the therapeutic landscape of both Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas. This review delineates the critical role of cell surface and intracellular receptors-including CD19, CD20, CD30, PD-1, and CCR4-in lymphoma pathogenesis and as therapeutic targets. We comprehensively evaluate FDA-approved targeted agents, including monoclonal antibodies (rituximab, brentuximab vedotin, obinutuzumab, mogamulizumab), immune checkpoint inhibitors (nivolumab, pembrolizumab), CAR T-cell therapies (axi-cel, tisa-cel, liso-cel, brexu-cel), bispecific T-cell engagers (mosunetuzumab, epcoritamab), and small-molecule inhibitors (ibrutinib, idelalisib, venetoclax). Each class is appraised for mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety in key lymphoma subtypes. Despite significant progress, therapeutic resistance remains a major obstacle. We categorize resistance mechanisms as antigen loss or modulation, pathway reactivation, immune microenvironment adaptation, and genetic/epigenetic evolution. Examples include CD19 antigen loss post-CAR-T therapy, BTK mutations conferring ibrutinib resistance, and immune checkpoint upregulation impairing T-cell function. Emerging strategies to counteract resistance include rational combination therapies, dual-targeted CAR constructs, next-generation bispecific antibodies, and precision-guided immunotherapy. Integration of biomarker profiling, real-time resistance monitoring, and novel immune-engineering approaches offers potential to overcome current therapeutic limitations. In conclusion, understanding the molecular basis of lymphoma and resistance mechanisms is critical to optimizing targeted therapy. This review synthesizes current evidence to inform clinical decision-making and outlines future directions for durable, personalized lymphoma care.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"156-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12517221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145294970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulvar mucinous cyst mimicking common lesions with concurrent multiple bartholin cysts in a reproductive-age woman: A rare case report and review of literature.","authors":"Naina Kumar, Immanuel Pradeep, Banka Sai Swetha, Pooja T Rathod","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.630","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.630","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Vulvovaginal cysts are typically benign and asymptomatic, often going unnoticed during routine clinical evaluations. However, rare variants, such as vulvar mucinous cysts, can present atypically, sometimes mimicking more common lesions, like lipomas. Bartholin gland cysts, though common, may coexist with other unusual vulvar cysts, making accurate diagnosis essential for appropriate management.</p><p><strong>Case report: </strong>A 36-year-old multiparous woman presented with lower abdominal and back pain, accompanied by a single episode of prolonged menstrual bleeding. On local examination, a soft, pedunculated, asymptomatic mass measuring 3 × 4 cm was observed on the left labia majora, clinically resembling a vulvar lipoma. In addition, multiple smaller, non-tender cystic lesions were noted along the inner surface of the left labia minora. Surgical excision of all lesions was performed. Histopathological evaluation identified the labial mass as a mucinous vulvar cyst and the smaller lesions as multiple Bartholin gland cysts, with no evidence of atypia. The postoperative course was uneventful, and the patient was discharged in stable condition with advice to follow up after the next menstrual cycle.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This case emphasizes the importance of considering rare vulvar mucinous cysts in the differential diagnosis of asymptomatic vulvar masses. Coexistence with multiple Bartholin cysts adds to the diagnostic complexity. Surgical excision not only provides a definitive diagnosis but also prevents future complications. Histopathological evaluation remains crucial for accurate classification and guiding follow-up.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"140-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12509424/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145282430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metastatic breast cancer with leptomeningeal carcinomatosis treated with trastuzumab deruxtecan - a case report.","authors":"Cristiana Honrado Martins, José Miguel Rocha, Catarina Portela, Ricardo Fernandes, Cláudia Caeiro","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.631","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.631","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy in women. Both histology and immunochemistry are core to treatment choice and the knowledge of these fields is expanding. Metastatic breast cancer (MBC) has significantly lower overall survival (OS) than early stages, and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis (LMC) and brain metastasis (BM) have particularly worse prognosis. We describe a case of LMC BC treated with trastuzumab-deruxtecan (T-DXd). Thirty-seven years old woman, diagnosed with a HER2-positive invasive lobular carcinoma (cT2N0M0). After initial treatment with neoadjuvant chemotherapy plus anti-HER2 double blockade, surgery and postoperative radiotherapy, the patient relapsed with <i>de novo</i> LMC and BM, two years after initial diagnosis. Systemic therapy with first line off-label T-DXd was initiated, resulting in disease response, neurological recovery and improved quality of life (QoL). Disease complexity and expansion of new therapeutic options in BC has made multidisciplinary team discussion mandatory. In the HER2-positive MBC setting, antibody-drug conjugates (ADC), such as trastuzumab-emtansine and T-DXd, have shown important disease outcomes and QoL improvement. Equally important, these treatments are well tolerated and have manageable adverse events, making them safe and effective drugs. This solid evidence is seemingly leading into a new and groundbreaking BC treatment era.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"148-155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12509423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145282396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A peculiar case of primary lymphoma of pancreas: A rare presentation of Hodgkin lymphoma.","authors":"Osama Mohiuddin, Rafi Aibani, Aarish Lalani, Faiqa Shabbir, Amir Aibani, Vivek Sharma","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.628","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.628","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary pancreatic Hodgkin lymphoma (PPL) is an exceptionally rare condition often misdiagnosed as pancreatic adenocarcinoma or pseudocyst. Early histopathological diagnosis is crucial for prognosis and appropriate chemotherapy. We report a case of a 50-year-old male presenting with low-grade fever, chills, abdominal pain, and 30-pound weight loss over 10 weeks. Examination revealed significant epigastric tenderness without icterus. Laboratory findings showed leukopenia (1.2K/UL), low absolute neutrophil count (238), hyperbilirubinemia, and elevated AST/ALT (185/165), with normal lipase and amylase. Imaging revealed a 4.7 × 5.1 × 6.6 cm solid heterogeneous pancreatic head mass with multiple prominent retroperitoneal, gastro-hepatic, para-aortic, and portacaval lymph nodes. Retroperitoneal lymph node biopsy confirmed nodular sclerosis Hodgkin lymphoma with positive CD15, CD30, MUM-1, and EBV stains. Bone marrow biopsy revealed lymphoma infiltration, prompting initiation of A+AVD (brentuximab vedotin, doxorubicin, vinblastine, dacarbazine) chemotherapy for stage IV disease based on Karnofsky Performance Status. Hodgkin lymphoma, a malignant B-cell neoplasm, constitutes 11% of lymphomas and is characterized by Reed-Sternberg cells. PPL is extremely rare, often mimicking pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Features such as absent pancreatic atrophy, tumor necrosis, calcification, and vascular invasion may aid differentiation. Treatment depends on disease stage, with early stage managed by ABVD (Adriamycin, Bleomycin sulfate, Vinblastine sulfate, Dacarbazine) chemotherapy and radiation, while advanced cases require extended A+AVD chemotherapy. PPL accounts for <2% of extra-nodal lymphomas but remains a potentially treatable entity. This case underscores the importance of obtaining tissue diagnosis in the setting of a pancreatic mass before embarking on definitive treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"135-139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12507121/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145259987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma: A rare mimicker of post-traumatic hematoma.","authors":"Reshmi Sultana, Tushar M Parmeshwar, Nynasindhu Akula, Abhimanyu Sharma","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.629","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.629","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vascular tumors of intermediate malignancy occupy a perplexing space in oncology; too aggressive to be dismissed, yet too indolent to follow the predictable trajectory of high-grade sarcomas. Among them, epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) stands out for its rarity, histological subtlety, and unpredictable clinical course. Frequently, its bland cytology, low mitotic activity, and deceptively benign patterns obscure its malignant potential, leading to diagnostic uncertainty. In the present case, the diagnostic challenge was evident, as the lesion presented clinically as a subcutaneous swelling resembling a hematoma. Histopathological examination demonstrated polygonal endothelial cells with intracytoplasmic vacuoles containing erythrocytes indicative of a vascular origin. Definitive diagnosis was achieved through immunohistochemical confirmation, showing positivity for CD31, CD34, and FLI-1. This report aims to highlight the diagnostic nuances, potential for misinterpretation, and therapeutic dilemmas associated with EHE, thereby reinforcing the need for vigilance in evaluating seemingly \"low-risk\" atypical subcutaneous swellings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"130-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12492982/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}