Oncoscience最新文献

{"title":"Diffuse cystic adenomyosis simulating invasive uterine neoplasm on imaging: A postmenopausal diagnostic perplexity!","authors":"Anusha Devalla, Mishu Mangla, Krishna Ramavath, Shailaja Prabhala, Naina Kumar, Aparna Jarathi","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.615","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.615","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) with a diffusely enlarged uterus necessitates Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to reach an accurate diagnosis. Adenomyosis, especially extensive glandular variant, is an extremely rare cause reported in a postmenopausal woman. We present a challenging case of an 81-year-old woman with PMB where preoperative MRI suggested possible invasive endometrial neoplasm. However, final histopathological evidence of the hysterectomy specimen suggested Adenomyosis with extensive glandular proliferation. The patient was a multiparous lady with controlled diabetes and hypertension (controlled on medications) and a Body Mass Index of 36 kg/m². Bimanual examination suggested a diffusely enlarged uterus corresponding to 8-10 weeks gestation. Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) and Contrast Enhanced (CE) MRI were performed that reported multiple cystic areas with myometrial thinning at the fundal region- suspected infiltrating endometrial neoplasm. A hysteroscopic guided endometrial biopsy was suggestive of endometrial hyperplasia. In view of concerning MRI findings, a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral Salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. Histopathological examination revealed Adenomyosis with extensive glandular proliferation co-existing with endometrial hyperplasia and no atypia. This case highlights an important variant of Adenomyosis that potentially mimics an invasive uterine neoplasm. There is a dearth of uniform reporting standards for Adenomyosis and rarity of this condition in postmenopausal woman posing a significant preoperative diagnostic challenge.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"21-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11810126/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143392482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breaking point: Systemic mastocytosis manifesting as severe osteoporosis.","authors":"Areti Kalfoutzou, Kalliroi Spanou, Adam Mylonakis, Vassiliki Lagopoulou, Maria Dimitrakoudi, Alexandra Korovila, Christos Piperis, Eleni Tsiouri, Eleni Mostratou","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.614","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.614","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Systemic mastocytosis (SM) encompasses a wide spectrum of myeloproliferative disorders defined by the aggregation of abnormal mast cells in various tissues, including the bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, liver and lymph nodes. The release of tryptase, interleukins and cytokines by the accumulated mast cells causes a multi-system response that can range from mild flushing and pruritus to severe anaphylactic reactions, gastrointestinal disturbances, and cardiovascular symptoms, including hypotension and syncope. Furthermore, severe osteoporosis manifesting as bone-lytic lesions or pathologic fractures due to mast cell mediator-triggered bone resorption, is a rather common manifestation of SM, occurring in more than two-thirds of patients. The vast majority of SM cases harbor the D816V KIT mutation, which is an independent prognostic factor, and serves as a therapeutic target. This is a rare case of a young male who presented with new-onset back pain due to osteoporotic fractures and was diagnosed with SM without the D816V KIT mutation. Our case aims to emphasize one of the most underrecognised causes of osteoporosis in adults, and to shed light on a frequently misdiagnosed yet potentially severe hematologic disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"13-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11796133/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143257541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal, delivery and neonatal outcomes in women with cervical cancer. A study of a population database.","authors":"Aaron Samuels, Ahmad Badeghiesh, Haitham Baghlaf, Michael H Dahan","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.613","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.613","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Importance: &lt;/strong&gt;Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women globally and a significant cause of cancer-related deaths. Understanding the impact of cervical cancer diagnosed during pregnancy on maternal, delivery, and neonatal outcomes is crucial for improving clinical management and outcomes for affected women and their children.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To determine the effects of cervical cancer diagnosed during pregnancy on maternal, delivery, and neonatal outcomes using a population based, American database.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Design: &lt;/strong&gt;This study is a retrospective analysis of the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project Nationwide Inpatient Sample (HCUP-NIS) database. The study period spans between 2004-2014, and the analysis was conducted in 2023.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Setting: &lt;/strong&gt;The study used the HCUP-NIS database, which includes data from hospital stays across the United States, covering 48 states and the District of Columbia.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants: &lt;/strong&gt;The study included all women who delivered a child or had a maternal death from 2004-2014, with pregnancies at 24 weeks or above. The population was comprised of 9,096,788 pregnant women, including 222 diagnosed with cervical cancer prior to delivery.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Exposures: &lt;/strong&gt;The exposure was a diagnosis of cervical cancer during pregnancy, identified using International Classification of Diseases 9th Revision codes 180.0, 180.1, 180.8, and 180.9.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Main outcomes and measures: &lt;/strong&gt;Primary outcomes included maternal, delivery, and neonatal complications including preterm delivery, cesarean section, hysterectomy, blood transfusion, deep venous thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, congenital anomalies, intrauterine fetal demise, and small-for-gestational-age neonates. Logistic regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the association between cervical cancer diagnosis and these outcomes, adjusting for potential confounding factors.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Women with cervical cancer were older (25.2% ≥35 years vs. 14.7%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001, respectively); more likely to have Medicare insurance (1.4% vs. 0.6%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.005, respectively); use illicit drugs (4.1% vs. 1.4%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001, respectively); smoke tobacco during pregnancy (14.9% vs. 4.9%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001, respectively); and have chronic hypertension (3.6% vs. 1.8%, &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.046, respectively). When controlling for confounding effects women with cervical cancer had higher rates of preterm delivery (aOR = 4.73, 95% CI (3.53-6.36), &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001); cesarean section (aOR = 5.40, 95% CI (4.00-7.30), &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001); hysterectomy (aOR = 390.23, 95% CI (286.43-531.65), &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001); blood transfusions (aOR = 19.23, 95% CI (13.57-27.25), &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.001); deep venous thrombosis (aOR = 9.42, 95% CI (1.32-67.20), &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.025); and pulmonary embolism (aOR = 20.22, 95% CI (2.83-144.48), &lt;i&gt;p&lt;/i&gt; = 0.003). Neonatal outcomes, including co","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"3-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748763/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143019302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pomalidomide improved immune profiles in myeloma.","authors":"Hannah Seah, Vaishnavi Reddy Bade, Lakshmi Bhavani Potluri, Srikanth Talluri, Rao H Prabhala","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.612","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.612","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"12 ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11745483/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143019307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Targeting carbohydrate metabolism in colorectal cancer - synergy between DNA-damaging agents, cannabinoids, and intermittent serum starvation.","authors":"Viktoriia Cherkasova, Olga Kovalchuk, Igor Kovalchuk","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18632/oncoscience.611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemotherapy is a therapy of choice for many cancers. However, it is often inefficient for long-term patient survival and is usually accompanied by multiple adverse effects. The adverse effects are mainly associated with toxicity to normal cells, frequently resulting in immune system depression, nausea, loss of appetite and metabolic changes. In this respect, the combination of chemotherapy with cannabinoids, especially non-psychoactive, such as cannabidiol, cannabinol and other minor cannabinoids, as well as terpenes, may become very useful. This is especially pertinent because the mechanisms of anticancer effects of cannabinoids on cancer cells are often different from conventional chemotherapeutics. In addition, cannabinoids help alleviate chemotherapy-induced adverse effects, regulate sleep and appetite, and are shown to have analgesic properties. Another component for achieving potential anti-cancer synergism is regulating nutrient availability and metabolism by calorie restriction and intermittent fasting in cancer cells. As tumours require a lot of energy to grow and because glucose is constantly available, malignant cells often opt to use glucose as a primary source of ATP production through substrate-level phosphorylation (fermentation) rather than through oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, periodic depletion of cancer cells of primary fuel, glucose, could result in a strong synergy in killing cancer cells by chemo- and possibly radiotherapy when combined with cannabinoids. This commentary will discuss what is known about such combinatorial treatments, including potential mechanisms and future protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"99-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complete and long-lasting response to immunotherapy in a stage IV non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastasis.","authors":"Mafalda Costa, Helena Magalhães","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18632/oncoscience.609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Approximately 20% of lung cancer patients have brain metastasis at diagnosis, which is associated with a worse prognosis and a negative impact on quality of life. The emergence of new systemic treatment options such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and targeted therapies changed the prognosis for stage IV lung cancer patients. However, the impact of local and systemic treatment sequencing in patients with stage IV lung cancer and brain metastasis is still unclear. We present the case of a 51-year-old man with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer and brain metastasis at diagnosis who underwent whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and achieved intracranial and extracranial complete response after second-line treatment with an ICI. Currently, the patient has an overall survival of 87 months and a progression-free survival of 73 months with an optimal quality of life. We hypothesized that treatment sequencing of WBRT and immunotherapy could explain this unexpected outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"92-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142396473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The challenge of weight gain in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.","authors":"Terrence C Tsou, Avonne Connor, Jennifer Y Sheng","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.608","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.608","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"67-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11419322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular mechanism of PARP inhibitor resistance.","authors":"Yi Huang, Simin Chen, Nan Yao, Shikai Lin, Junyi Zhang, Chengrui Xu, Chenxuan Wu, Guo Chen, Danyang Zhou","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18632/oncoscience.610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) are the first-approved anticancer drug designed to exploit synthetic lethality. PARPi selectively kill cancer cells with homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD), as a result, PARPi are widely employed to treated <i>BRCA1/2</i>-mutant ovarian, breast, pancreatic and prostate cancers. Currently, four PARPi including Olaparib, Rucaparib, Niraparib, and Talazoparib have been developed and greatly improved clinical outcomes in cancer patients. However, accumulating evidences suggest that required or <i>de novo</i> resistance emerged. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms leading to PARPi resistances and review the potential strategies to overcome PARPi resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"69-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11420906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional information offers individualized adaptive cancer therapies.","authors":"R Craig Herndon","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.607","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.607","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"65-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11259012/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141736222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling retrotransposon-derived DNA zip code for myeloma cell internalization.","authors":"Pavan Kumar Puvvula, Anthony Johnson, Leon Bernal-Mizrachi","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.606","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.606","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"58-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11251427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}