OncosciencePub Date : 2024-11-12eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.611
Viktoriia Cherkasova, Olga Kovalchuk, Igor Kovalchuk
{"title":"Targeting carbohydrate metabolism in colorectal cancer - synergy between DNA-damaging agents, cannabinoids, and intermittent serum starvation.","authors":"Viktoriia Cherkasova, Olga Kovalchuk, Igor Kovalchuk","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18632/oncoscience.611","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chemotherapy is a therapy of choice for many cancers. However, it is often inefficient for long-term patient survival and is usually accompanied by multiple adverse effects. The adverse effects are mainly associated with toxicity to normal cells, frequently resulting in immune system depression, nausea, loss of appetite and metabolic changes. In this respect, the combination of chemotherapy with cannabinoids, especially non-psychoactive, such as cannabidiol, cannabinol and other minor cannabinoids, as well as terpenes, may become very useful. This is especially pertinent because the mechanisms of anticancer effects of cannabinoids on cancer cells are often different from conventional chemotherapeutics. In addition, cannabinoids help alleviate chemotherapy-induced adverse effects, regulate sleep and appetite, and are shown to have analgesic properties. Another component for achieving potential anti-cancer synergism is regulating nutrient availability and metabolism by calorie restriction and intermittent fasting in cancer cells. As tumours require a lot of energy to grow and because glucose is constantly available, malignant cells often opt to use glucose as a primary source of ATP production through substrate-level phosphorylation (fermentation) rather than through oxidative phosphorylation. Thus, periodic depletion of cancer cells of primary fuel, glucose, could result in a strong synergy in killing cancer cells by chemo- and possibly radiotherapy when combined with cannabinoids. This commentary will discuss what is known about such combinatorial treatments, including potential mechanisms and future protocols.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"99-105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11556254/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142635126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OncosciencePub Date : 2024-10-08eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.609
Mafalda Costa, Helena Magalhães
{"title":"Complete and long-lasting response to immunotherapy in a stage IV non-small cell lung cancer with brain metastasis.","authors":"Mafalda Costa, Helena Magalhães","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.609","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18632/oncoscience.609","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Approximately 20% of lung cancer patients have brain metastasis at diagnosis, which is associated with a worse prognosis and a negative impact on quality of life. The emergence of new systemic treatment options such as immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) and targeted therapies changed the prognosis for stage IV lung cancer patients. However, the impact of local and systemic treatment sequencing in patients with stage IV lung cancer and brain metastasis is still unclear. We present the case of a 51-year-old man with stage IV non-small cell lung cancer and brain metastasis at diagnosis who underwent whole brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and achieved intracranial and extracranial complete response after second-line treatment with an ICI. Currently, the patient has an overall survival of 87 months and a progression-free survival of 73 months with an optimal quality of life. We hypothesized that treatment sequencing of WBRT and immunotherapy could explain this unexpected outcome.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"92-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460668/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142396473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OncosciencePub Date : 2024-09-23eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.608
Terrence C Tsou, Avonne Connor, Jennifer Y Sheng
{"title":"The challenge of weight gain in hormone receptor-positive breast cancer.","authors":"Terrence C Tsou, Avonne Connor, Jennifer Y Sheng","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.608","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.608","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"67-68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11419322/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142309515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OncosciencePub Date : 2024-09-23eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.610
Yi Huang, Simin Chen, Nan Yao, Shikai Lin, Junyi Zhang, Chengrui Xu, Chenxuan Wu, Guo Chen, Danyang Zhou
{"title":"Molecular mechanism of PARP inhibitor resistance.","authors":"Yi Huang, Simin Chen, Nan Yao, Shikai Lin, Junyi Zhang, Chengrui Xu, Chenxuan Wu, Guo Chen, Danyang Zhou","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18632/oncoscience.610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARP) inhibitors (PARPi) are the first-approved anticancer drug designed to exploit synthetic lethality. PARPi selectively kill cancer cells with homologous recombination repair deficiency (HRD), as a result, PARPi are widely employed to treated <i>BRCA1/2</i>-mutant ovarian, breast, pancreatic and prostate cancers. Currently, four PARPi including Olaparib, Rucaparib, Niraparib, and Talazoparib have been developed and greatly improved clinical outcomes in cancer patients. However, accumulating evidences suggest that required or <i>de novo</i> resistance emerged. In this review, we discuss the molecular mechanisms leading to PARPi resistances and review the potential strategies to overcome PARPi resistance.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"69-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11420906/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OncosciencePub Date : 2024-07-13eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.606
Pavan Kumar Puvvula, Anthony Johnson, Leon Bernal-Mizrachi
{"title":"Unveiling retrotransposon-derived DNA zip code for myeloma cell internalization.","authors":"Pavan Kumar Puvvula, Anthony Johnson, Leon Bernal-Mizrachi","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.606","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.606","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"58-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11251427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141629666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OncosciencePub Date : 2024-05-23eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.605
Joseph R Testa, Yuwaraj Kadariya, Joseph S Friedberg
{"title":"Targeting inflammatory factors for chemoprevention and cancer interception to tackle malignant mesothelioma.","authors":"Joseph R Testa, Yuwaraj Kadariya, Joseph S Friedberg","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.605","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.605","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mesothelioma is an incurable cancer of the mesothelial lining often caused by exposure to asbestos. Asbestos-induced inflammation is a significant contributing factor in the development of mesothelioma, and genetic factors also play a role in the susceptibility to this rapidly progressive and treatment-resistant malignancy. Consequently, novel approaches are urgently needed to treat mesothelioma and prevent or reduce the overall incidence of this fatal disease. In this research perspective, we review the current state of chemoprevention and cancer interception progress in asbestos-induced mesothelioma. We discuss the different preclinical mouse models used for these investigations and the inflammatory factors that may be potential targets for mesothelioma prevention. Preliminary studies with naturally occurring phytochemicals and synthetic agents are reviewed. Results of previous clinical chemoprevention trials in populations exposed to asbestos and considerations regarding future trials are also presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"53-57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11115283/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141089410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OncosciencePub Date : 2024-05-20eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.604
Michelle Greenman, Blair McNamara, Levent Mutlu, Alessandro D Santin
{"title":"Entering the golden age for antibody-drug conjugates in gynecologic cancer.","authors":"Michelle Greenman, Blair McNamara, Levent Mutlu, Alessandro D Santin","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.604","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.604","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"51-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11104406/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OncosciencePub Date : 2024-05-20eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.601
Tetsuhiro Horie, Eiichi Hinoi
{"title":"Role of Erk5 expressed in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on bone homeostasis and its potential applications in cancer treatment.","authors":"Tetsuhiro Horie, Eiichi Hinoi","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.601","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.601","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"45-46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11104408/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
OncosciencePub Date : 2024-05-20eCollection Date: 2024-01-01DOI: 10.18632/oncoscience.602
Gregory L Guzik, Ankit Mangla
{"title":"Primary hepatic angiosarcoma: Treatment options for a rare tumor.","authors":"Gregory L Guzik, Ankit Mangla","doi":"10.18632/oncoscience.602","DOIUrl":"10.18632/oncoscience.602","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94164,"journal":{"name":"Oncoscience","volume":"11 ","pages":"47-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11104409/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141072144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}