Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ最新文献

{"title":"Primary Leiomyoma of Ovary: A Case Report.","authors":"S Jahan, K N Maya, M Akanda, I Jahan, J Morshed","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leiomyoma is the most common benign mesenchymal tumor of the uterus and it can develop in any location containing smooth muscle cells. While the broad ligament is the most frequent extrauterine site, the ovary is among the rarest, representing only 0.5-1.0% of all benign ovarian tumors. Primary ovarian leiomyoma is a benign ovarian tumor that typically occurs in women aged 20 to 65. It is often discovered incidentally during pelvic examinations, ultrasound imaging, or through pathological analysis following surgery. We are reporting a case of a 38-years-old woman who presented with a history of lower abdominal pain in left side. Ultrasonography of whole abdomen revealed a left adnexal mass. Unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. Ovarian leiomyoma was diagnosed after surgery followed by histopathologic examination and confirmed by immunohistochemistry.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":"34 3","pages":"932-935"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anatomical and Functional Outcome Following Surgery of Idiopathic Macular Hole.","authors":"S M F Hasan, P K Roy, F Aminul, M Abdullah, M A Islam, M A H Akhanda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Macular hole is a full thickness defect at the centre of macula. Pars plana vitrectomy with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and gas tamponade helps to close the hole and improves visual function. Aim of this study was to assess the anatomical and functional outcome following surgery of idiopathic macular hole. This interventional study was conducted in the Department of Vitreo retina, National institute of ophthalmology and hospital, Dhaka from December 2020 to August 2022. A total, 50 patients having idiopathic macular hole were included during the study period according to selection criteria. Preoperative logarithm of minimal angle of resolution (logMAR) visual acuity was measured and Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) was done for further staging of hole. Pars plana vitrectomy, ILM peeling assisted with Brilliant blue G dye and perfluoropropane gas tamponade was done under local anesthesia. Patients were instructed to maintain a facedown position for two weeks. Postoperatively, patients were examined on day one, day seven, after one and three months. At each follow up visual acuity, ocular examination and measurement of intraocular pressure was done. OCT was done to assess anatomical closure of hole and final visual outcome was measured as best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at three months after surgery. After data collection data were coded, entered and analyzed in a computer. Statistical test was done by windows software using statistical package for social science (SPSS) statistics for Windows, Version 26.0. Male female ratio was 1:2.3. Among 50 patients, majority (29; 58.0%) were in stage II macular hole. Duration of symptoms was more than five months before surgery in 35(70.0%) patients. Majority of study patients (82.0%) were phakic. Preoperative BCVA was found as 1.48-1.00 logMAR in 33(66.0%) patients. BCVA (0.94±0.13 vs. 0.62±0.26 in logMAR) was significantly (p<0.001) improved after macular hole surgery. Macular hole was closed in majority (45; 90%) of the study patients. Preoperative BCVA and stage of macular hole were significant factors for visual improvement. This study revealed that the overall closure rate of macular hole was satisfactory and BCVA was significantly improved during the last follow up.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":"34 3","pages":"881-886"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Maternal Risk Factors for Infants Born with Congenital Renal and Urinary Tract (CAKUT) Anomalies: A Cross-Sectional Assessment.","authors":"N Akand, P K Sarkar, M J Alam, M Rahman, T Tabassum, B Chowdhury, M Hanif","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Congenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT) often results in renal failure. Alhough the pathophysiology of CAKUT is still not completely understood, several maternal risk factors have been identified associated with children with CAKUT so far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the proportion of risk factors of mothers gave birth to the infants with CAKUT. This cross-sectional study was conducted over a six-month period in the Departments of Pediatrics, Pediatric Nephrology, Neonatology and Pediatric Urology in Dhaka Shishu Hospital, Bangladesh from May 2018 to November 2018. A total of 200 infants aged ≤60 days and with a confirmed diagnosis of CAKUT were included in this study. Informed ascend was taken from the parents of the child. A semi-structured questionnaire was used for data collection, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0. This research was undertaken in conjunction with the ethical principles of Declaration of Helsinki. The mean age of the infants with CAKUT was 22.25±15.08 (SD) days with a male to female ratio of 1:1. The presenting anomalies were primary vesico-ureteral reflux (38.0%), pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction (20.0%), agenesis of the kidney (16.0%), posterior urethral valve (12.0%), dysplasia of the kidney (10.0%) and multicystic dysplastic kidney (3.5%). The most common pregestational risk factors were overweight (76.0%), diabetes mellitus (32.5%) and hypertension (29.5%) among the mothers. On the other hand, oligohydramnios (87.5%), gestational diabetes mellitus (67.0%) and gestational hypertension (45.5%) were the most frequently identified gestational risk factors. Pregestational overweight in women, maternal diabetes and oligohydramnios were most commonly identified risk factors among the mothers of CAKUT infant.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":"34 3","pages":"874-880"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mononeuritis Multiplex as an Initial Presentation of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Rare Case Report from Bangladesh.","authors":"M A K Azad, S S Sunny, M M Haque, R Alam, M M Rahman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rheumatoid vasculitis (RV) is an uncommon extra-articular manifestation of Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) that typically affects patients with a more aggressive form of the disease. The diagnosis of rheumatoid vasculitis is suggested based on clinical presentation, laboratory findings, and confirmed through biopsy. We describe the case of a 28-year-old man who initially presented with myalgia and weakness in all four limbs. Subsequently, he developed hypertension and testicular tenderness. Neurological examination revealed painful sensory-motor neuropathy involving the bilateral median and ulnar nerves, as well as the right tibial and left common peroneal nerves- findings consistent with mononeuritis multiplex. Laboratory investigations showed a high titer of rheumatoid factor and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (anti-CCP) antibodies. He was treated with intravenous methylprednisolone (1 gm daily for 3 days), followed by oral prednisolone (1 mg/kg body weight) and six pulses of intravenous cyclophosphamide. This was later transitioned to maintenance therapy with azathioprine. The patient showed dramatic clinical improvement, and at one-and-a-half-year follow-up, he remained reasonably well. This case highlights that mononeuritis multiplex due to rheumatoid vasculitis can be the initial presentation of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Clinicians should consider this diagnosis in similar clinical scenarios, and prompt immunosuppressive treatment should be initiated to prevent further complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":"34 3","pages":"936-941"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Profile and Outcome of Intercostal Tube Drainage in Patients with Secondary Spontaneous Pneumothorax.","authors":"M D J Khan, M A Islam, K R Hoque, M A Rahman, M S Sorwer, M A Islam, T B B Disha, M A H Miah, N Islam, K R Hoque, M A Rouf, A B Kamrul-Hasan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pneumothorax is a prevalent pleural condition encountered by physicians in clinical practice, classified into two types: primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) and secondary spontaneous pneumothorax (SSP), with SSP being more common, which necessitates prompt intervention due to its poorer prognosis and reduced likelihood of successful conservative management. The primary objective of this study is to assess the outcome of intercostal tube drainage in individuals with secondary spontaneous pneumothorax. The study took place in Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, a leading tertiary care hospital in Bangladesh. The research involved 175 patients selected through a purposive non-probability sampling technique. Among 175 patients, remarkably, 161 patients (92.0%) reported experiencing relief from dyspnea, while 147(84.0%) exhibited an expansion of lung fields. This suggests that patients who find relief from dyspnea are likely to experience lung field expansion. This data highlights the substantial correlation between these two clinical outcomes in this patient population. Postoperative pain (49.0%) was the most prevalent consequence, and tube dislodgement (2.0%) was the least common complication after Intercostal tube insertion. Regarding the duration of hospital stays, 84 patients (48.0%) were discharged within 7 days, 56 patients (32.0%) were hospitalized for 8-14 days and 35 patients (20.0%) remained in the hospital for more than 14 days. In comparison, the durations for intercostal tube insertions were 0-7 days for 105 patients (60.0%), 8-14 days for 35 patients (20.0%) and over 14 days for another 35 patients (20.0%).</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":"34 3","pages":"650-655"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Study of Appendicitis in Preschool and School-Age Children: Clinical Features and Outcomes.","authors":"M S Ali, M A A Mahmud, S Islam, M S Bari, M A Baten, M A Al Mamun, R N Karmaker, M B Hossain, M Mokarabin","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Appendicitis is one of the most common causes of abdominal pain requiring surgical intervention in children. This study aims to compare the clinical features, diagnostic accuracy, and outcomes of appendicitis in preschool-aged and school-aged children using the Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS) and Alvarado Score. This prospective comparative study was conducted in the Department of Pediatric Surgery, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh, Bangladesh from January 2023 to July 2024, including 386 children diagnosed with appendicitis. The cohort consisted of 86 preschool-aged children (<6 years) and 300 school-aged children (6-14 years). Clinical presentation, diagnostic scores (PAS and Alvarado), and outcomes were analyzed. Preschool-aged children presented with delayed diagnosis and more severe clinical features, including higher rates of perforation (58.0%) compared to school-aged children (32.0%). The mean PAS and Alvarado scores were lower in preschool children, leading to challenges in early recognition. In contrast, school-aged children demonstrated more consistent symptomatology, allowing for earlier diagnosis and intervention. Despite similar management protocols, preschool children experienced higher complication rates and longer hospital stays (mean: 7.2 days) compared to school-aged children (mean: 4.5 days). Preschool-aged children are more vulnerable to severe appendicitis due to delayed diagnosis and atypical presentations. This study highlights the need for heightened clinical suspicion and the potential refinement of diagnostic scoring systems to improve early detection and outcomes in younger children.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":"34 3","pages":"660-665"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of ELTS Score with Sokal, Euro and EUTOS Scores in Risk Stratification of Patients with Chronic Myeloid Leukaemia at a Tertiary Care Hospital in Bangladesh.","authors":"M R R Chowdhury, I M Singh, M Akhlak-Ul-Islam, M S J Rajib, M Dey, P Nasrin, M S Shah, M A Aziz","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) is a common myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by constitutional tyrosine kinase activation resulting from translocation between chromosome 9 and 22. For its treatment, second line tyrosine kinase inhibitors are often preferred ahead of first line tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with high-risk disease. Historically, prognostic scores - Sokal, Euro and European Treatment Outcome Study (EUTOS) scores were utilized for risk stratification. In 2016, a newer risk scoring system - European Treatment Outcome Study (EUTOS) Long Term Survival (ELTS) score was formulated. European Leukaemia Net recommended ELTS score as the preferred scoring system for CML in 2020. The study stratified CML Chronic Phase patients utilizing all four available risk scoring system. This observational study was conducted among chronic myeloid leukaemia patients at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Bangladesh from June 2020 to April 2021. Fifty CML patients in chronic phase were enrolled in this study using purposive sampling technique. Risk stratification was done using Sokal, Euro, EUTOS and ELTS scores. Among study participants, 14.0% were identified as high-risk cases using ELTS score. Previously used scores - Sokal score, Euro score and EUTOS score identified 32.0%, 8.0% and 10.0% cases as high-risk disease respectively. Sokal and Euro scores had moderate (kappa 0.403 and 0.469 respectively) agreement with ELTS score while EUTOS and ELTS scores had slight (kappa 0.073) agreement. ELTS score should be adopted as the preferred prognostic tool for CML patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":"34 3","pages":"765-770"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Serum Vitamin B12 Level in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus on Metformin Therapy and its Impact on Peripheral Nerve Conduction: A Prospective Study.","authors":"S L Wakode, A Singhai, R Gour, A E Thakare, S M Hulke, R Bharshankar, N S Wakode","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metformin is the primary treatment for newly diagnosed T2DM patients. However, Metformin may cause Vitamin B12 deficiency, which may either cause neuropathy or indirectly worsen hyperglycemia-induced neuropathy. Aims of the study was to record the effect of six months of regular metformin therapy on vitamin B12 level and to study the impact of Vitamin 12 on peripheral nerve conduction in response to 6 months of metformin therapy. This was a longitudinal study done in the Department of Physiology in collaboration with the Medicine Department of AIIMS, Bhopal, on 52 newly diagnosed cases of diabetes mellitus. A nerve conduction study was done at the start and at the end of six months using the Nihon Kohden Neuropack X1 Machine. Serum B12, homocysteine (HC), Methyl Malonic acid (MMA), RBS and HbA1c were estimated at the start and at the end of six months. The study involved 52 participants in the range of 38.8-49.0 years (Median- 45 years). Six months of metformin therapy significantly affected Vitamin B12 (decrease), serum HC (increase) and serum MMA levels (increase) (p<0.001). A significant decrease in amplitude and nerve conduction velocity was observed in the motor and sensory nerve conduction study. Significant correlations were seen between Vitamin B12 levels and a number of nerves affected, Serum MMA and Serum HC levels. Six months of metformin therapy had a significant effect on decreasing the level of vitamin B12. No new patient developed neuropathy; however significant decrease in amplitude in motor as well as sensory nerve conduction study was observed which may be due to significant decrement in B12 level. However, further studies are recommended in diabetic patients with large sample sizes and varied durations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":"34 3","pages":"904-913"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Problems and Oral Hygiene Practices among Dental Unit Outpatients.","authors":"S Mahmud, M H Arefin, S Tarafder, G Sultana, F Akter, M Nurunnabi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Oral health is a significant determinant of overall health and leads to a higher quality of life. Oral diseases are an important health concern across the globe, and oral health problems growing more prevalent in Bangladesh. This cross-sectional study was directed to evaluate common dental problems and oral hygiene practices among 300 patients attending the outpatient department of the dental unit at Shaheed Syed Nazrul Islam Medical College Hospital in Kishoreganj and Sadar Hospital in Sunamganj from January 2022 to June 2022. The most commonly observed oral conditions were gingivitis (41.0%) and dental caries (27.0%). Most of individuals (65.4%) used a toothbrush to clean their teeth, with 18.4% brushing twice every day. Total 45.9% of those who used a toothbrush changed it every 3 months, whereas 30.6% replaced it every 6 months. Only a small number of participants cleaned their tongues (14.7%). Regarding dental visits, one-fifth of the participants (21.3%) went to the dentist for regular check-ups. Only 6.7% of participants had biannual visits and 14.7% attended annually; conversely, a significant majority (78.6%) sought dental care only when problems arose. Most participants used local branded toothpaste (32.0%). Over half of individuals (54.7%) had poor oral hygiene, while 17.0% had good oral hygiene. This study provided an overview of common dental problems, health behaviors and poor dental hygiene practices within the studied population. It is essential to implement comprehensive awareness programs at both educational institutions and the community level to enhance oral health status.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":"34 3","pages":"636-642"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety Practice of Covid-19 Warrior Healthcare Workers Facing the Reality.","authors":"M F I Khaled, S M E Mahabub, S M M Subhan, A K Abrar, M S I Chowdhury, M K Hossain, S Ahmed, S Ansari, A I Joarder, M R M Mandal, D K Adhikary, S S Shakil, S K Banerjee","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The world is facing Covid-19 pandemic without any specific therapy against it. So, prevention of this highly contagious disease is still the key to success against it. The Health care workers (HCWs) are playing vital role to reduce death and sufferings. HCWs are at a high risk of getting the infection and the source of transmission in the community. Addressing the pitfalls in safety practice against Covid-19 pandemic and attempt to solve the issues will definitely improve the strength of fighters and overcome the situation. Therefore, the objective of the study was to assess the status of practice of safety tools toward Corona virus disease-2019 (Covid-19) among healthcare professionals. Findings of this study might be utilized for promulgation of policy and program for upcoming days. This cross-sectional survey was conducted among the adult Bangladeshi healthcare professionals of purposively selected three type of healthcare facilities- a Tertiary level hospital: Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University as well as District hospital and Upazila health Complex from highly infected district Narayangonj and low infected district- Brahmanbaria. A number of 241 HCWs were interviewed using semi structured self-administered questionnaire electronically via-email, Facebook Messenger or other social media communication. This study found that a good number (about 14.0%) of the HCWs do not practice frequent hand washing, as defined by at least 3 times during each duty period. Most of the doctors (46.8%) used soap water to disinfectant from Covid-19 which is followed by hexisol (27.9%) and sanitizer (26.5%), whereas more than 55.3% allied health professional used sanitizer for the same purpose which is followed by soap water (29.8%) and hexisol (14.9%). Doctors are more frequent in using all form of disinfectants.more than 90.0% are careful in using their protective equipment and dress. But a significant amount (about 25.0%) of them don't participate in health safety training after the outbreak till the study time. A significant number (30.0%) cannot maintain appropriate quarantine with their family.A significant number of respondents (46.0%) have no home isolation facility. More than 51.0% have no separate donning and doffing room at their workplace. The health care workers serving the Covid-19 diseased patients might be super spreader of this highly contagious disease. Awareness and appropriate safety practice is the burning issue. Organized training regarding protection, supply of safety logistics and strong monitoring are the keys to success to stop spreading of this disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":"34 3","pages":"825-832"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144532057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}