Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ最新文献

{"title":"Clinico-epidemiological Characteristics of the Physician Affected with Covid-19.","authors":"M N Hasan, A S M Islam, S C Das, F Ahmed, M A M Sarkar, M M A Shobuj, S Zaman, N E Ambia","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) disease have been associated with significant mortality amongst doctors globally including Bangladesh. To delineate the clinico-epidemiological characteristics of the physician affected with Covid-19 was the objective of the study. This cross-sectional 'Facebook' based survey was conducted in the period of August 2020 to September 2020. Snowball sampling methods was followed. A total of 151 physicians affected with Covid-19 participated in this survey. Self-reported perceived severity scale (zero meaning not severe at all and ten denoting the most severe) was used. Collected data were analyzed by SPSS 25.0. Among the participants, the majority were male, 98(64.9%). The most prevalent affected age groups were 24-35 years 131(86.8%). Approximately 45.0% worked in COVID dedicated hospital. Entry-level physicians (Medical Officer or Assistant Surgeon) were the most affected 117(94.4%). One-third of the physicians had at least the one co-morbidity. Bronchial asthma, obesity and diabetes were the most frequent. Predominate symptoms of the infection were fever 94(62.3%), cough 94(62.3%) and myalgia 92(60.9%). Half of the participants had sore throat, anosmia, gastro-intestinal symptoms and one-third of the patients developed dyspnea. Perceived severity of the symptoms ranged between 2 and 6. The pattern of drug use to prevent the Covid-19 showed no uniformity. However, intake of Zinc, Vitamin C, Vitamin D, antihistamine and Ivermectin was found in 74.8%, 67.5%, 41.7%, 49.0% and 37.7% respectively. As the current pandemic continues to evolve, physicians must be equipped with appropriate knowledge, skills and must be cautious on the prevention measures against Covid-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Needle Biopsy of Pleura in the Aetiological Diagnosis of Pleural Effusion.","authors":"M R Islam, A R Khan, T R Khan, M M Sharif, E R Khan, M M Rahman","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Exudative pleural effusion appears as manifestation of underlying specific disease process and pleural biopsy is usually enough to find out the underlying causative disease. The aim of the study was to find out the efficacy of needle biopsy of pleura in the aetiological diagnosis of pleural effusion. This cross-sectional study was conducted for a period of one year from January 2008 to December 2008 in the Department of Medicine, Shaheed Ziaur Rahman Medical College Hospital, Bogura, Bangladesh enrolling 50 subjects with exudative pleural effusion. The cases with transudative pleural effusion were not included. Needle biopsy was done in all the cases. Histopathological reports of pleural biopsy specimen were correlated with other data and analyzed to detect the causes of effusion. Major incidence of malignant effusion occurred between 41 to 70 years of age. No malignant effusion was found before 30 years of age. Incidence of tuberculous and malignant pleural effusion was much more common in males than in females. Sensitivity and specificity of combined pleural biopsy and pleural fluid analysis in the diagnosis of pleural effusion was 97.06% and 100.% for tuberculosis and 81.82% and 100.0% for malignancy. The present study reveals that pleural biopsy was very effective method in the diagnosis of cause of pleural effusion.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism (Fok 1), Vitamin D Status and Autoimmune Thyroiditis.","authors":"M Sinharay, A Dasgupta, A Karmakar","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Autoimmune thyroiditis gradually destroys the thyroid gland leading to hypothyroidism and may even lead to papillary thyroid carcinoma. Deficiency of Vitamin D has been linked to development of autoimmunity. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the Vitamin D receptor gene have associated with autoimmune diseases in several studies. In this hospital based non interventional cross-sectional study Vitamin D receptor gene was studied for FokI (rs2228570) polymorphism from purified DNA in forty-eight adult cases and fifty age and sex matched healthy controls. This study was conducted in the department of Biochemistry, Calcutta National Medical College, Kolkata, West Bengal, India from January 2021 to July 2022. Their DNA was isolated using phenol chloroform method and were analysed for the related single nucleotide polymorphism by restriction digestion using appropriate restriction enzymes after amplification by PCR. Differences in allele frequencies between two groups were estimated by chi square and odds ratio test. Any potential association between the vitamin D anti TPO antibody and thyroid hormone status with polymorphic variations were assessed by post hoc ANOVA among the three genotypes. The distribution of FF genotype was significantly higher among the case group (Χ²=10.2788, p=0.006). The odds ratio for the allele F was significantly higher in case group for a range of 1.97 to 5.94 for 95 percent confidence interval (Χ²=13.9678, p=<0.001). The genotype FF group had significantly lowest Vitamin D (p=0.008) and highest Anti TPO ab (p=0.031) compared to Ff and ff genotypes. Thus, significant association was revealed between the VDR gene Fok1(rs2228570) polymorphism and autoimmune thyroiditis with the predominance of FF genotype being a strong susceptibility factor for autoimmune thyroiditis and Vitamin D deficiency in the studied population of Eastern India.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Postoperative Outcome Following Laparoscopic Surgeries in Rectal Malignancies.","authors":"T Hossain, A Sultana, F Mahmud, M M I Talukdar, M Islam, M R A Ovi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rectal malignancies that require abdominoperineal resection (APR) and Anterior resection (AR) is very common. Laparoscopic APR or AR can be a better option. This study observed the feasibility of this newer technique for alternative to conventional open method. This prospective type of observational study was comprised of patients with diagnosis of rectal cancer, who admitted to BIRDEM General Hospital for Laparoscopic APR or AR from November 2015 to April 2016. Among 19 patients, age range was from 20-78 years, mean age was 49.84±17.04 years. Male: female ratio was 12:7 (63.2%:36.8%). Twelve (12) patients underwent Laparoscopic APR, 6 Laparoscopic AR, one conversion (conversion rate - 5.3%). Less analgesics were required, a mean of 5.61±1.57 dose/ample/mg opioid injections needed for 4.05 days. An early postoperative ambulation (2.16±0.76 days) was noted. Mean post-operative hospital stay was 11.53±1.98 days. Laparoscopic APR or AR is a safe, effective and technically feasible procedure. It can be a better operative procedure in terms of early postoperative outcome such as less analgesics requirement, early ambulation and shorter hospital stay.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Alarming Rise of Candidemia Caused by Non-Albicans Candida Species in Intensive Care Unit in Mymensingh, Bangladesh.","authors":"F A Sathi, M M Alam, N Haque, M J A Khan, A A Mamun, T Hossain, C S Chowdhury, M N Islam, S J Ferdaus, M Sultana","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Intensive Care Units (ICUs) infection represents the most frequent complication leading to high mortality. Particularly the incidence of fungal infections, especially due to Candida spp., has been increasing during the last years. Over last two decades there is predominance of Non albicans Candida (NAC) infection with increased isolation of novel species and decreased susceptibility. Early identification of Candida species and determination of antifungal susceptibility pattern is essential for effective management. Therefore, the study was conducted to isolate and identify Candida species from the blood samples of the patients suspected of candidemia and assess their antifungal susceptibility pattern. This cross-sectional, descriptive type of observational study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology, Mymensingh Medical College, Bangladesh from March 2021 to February 2022. Venous blood was collected from clinically suspected patients admitted at ICU, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU), Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh. Primary blood culture was performed by automated method followed by sub-culture in Saboraud's Dextrose Agar (SDA) and blood agar media. Candida species were recognized by phenotypic and genotypic methods. Antifungal susceptibility testing was done by disk diffusion and broth microdilution method (BMD). Out of 125 blood specimens collected, Candida species were isolated from 39(31.0%) blood samples of which NAC species were 35(89.0%) whereas C. albicans was only 4(10.2%). Eight (8) different Candida species were identified of which C. parapsilosis was predominant 16(41.0%). Rare and emerging drug resistant species of C. ciferrii 23.0%, C. auris 7.7%, C. rugosa 10.3%, C. lusitaniae 2.6% were also isolated. Candidemia was highest in neonate 33(84.61%) with male predominance 24(61.54%). Use of broad-spectrum antibiotics, prolonged hospital stay, pre-maturity and low birth weight (LBW) were found to be important risk factors. In candidemia the highest resistance was to Fluconazole-33% and lowest to Voriconazole-5%. The study showed that NAC species were more common with emergence of rare and multidrug resistant species.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Body Mass Index with Serum Lipid Profile Level in Adolescent Students of Bangladesh.","authors":"S N Mahmud","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Obesity is associated with metabolic disorders such as dyslipidaemia, diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension (HTN) and cardiovascular disease (CVD). There has been rising burden of childhood and adolescent obesity in most developing countries in recent years. Changes in dietary habits, junk and fast food, physical inactivity and smoking habits increases among adolescent students, which causes obesity and simultaneously increases risk of metabolic diseases. The objective of the study is to determine the correlation between Body Mass Index (BMI) and lipid profile among adolescent students of Bangladesh. This cross-sectional observational study was conducted among 79 undergraduate healthy adolescent students, aged 10-18 years who were selected through purposive sampling. The study was conducted from July 2022 to June 2023 in urban and rural areas of Dhaka, Narayanganj and Rangpur. Data was collected using a semi-structured questionnaire. Correlation of dyslipidemia and BMI was analyzed by Pearson Coefficient. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22.0 with level of statistical significance at p<0.05. Mean age of the respondents was 14.9±4.5 years. Male and female ratio was 2.16:1. Among respondents, 46.8% had BMI 18.5-23.0 (normal), 31.6% had BMI 23.1-25.0 (overweight) and 21.5% had BMI >25.0 (obese). Prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 34.1%. Overweight and obese respondents had raised total cholesterol (TC) level 209.51±48.6 mg/dl and 218.36±80.0 mg/dl respectively. Mean high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol level was 38.91±10.51 mg/dl in overweight and 36.54±10.04 mg/dl in obese. Mean low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol level was 135.23±44.5 mg/dl in overweight and 143.61±56.0 mg/dl in obese. Among obese cases, 94.1% respondents had borderline triglyceride (TG) with mean 164.46±111.0 mg/dl. Among the study respondents, overweight and obesity (higher BMI) tend to have abnormal lipid profile. It is recommended that assessment of BMI should be incorporated into school health programme and those with overweight and obesity should be subjected to routine lipogram in order to apply timely preventive as well as therapeutic measures to save lives.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser Syndrome Presented with Diabetes Mellitus and Primary Amenorrhea: A Case Report.","authors":"M U Rashid, M A Hossain, E Mondal, P K Chanda, M Hasan, M Al-Amin, A B Kamrul-Hasan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a rare congenital disorder that affects the female reproductive system and is characterized by an underdeveloped or absent uterus and vagina. A 17-year-old unmarried female was admitted into the Department of Endocrinology, Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh in November 2023 for evaluation of primary amenorrhea and poorly controlled diabetes mellitus. She was the 5th issue of non-consanguineous marriage delivered at term by normal vaginal delivery. Her growth pattern and developmental milestones were normal. She had no history of galactorrhea, chronic or cyclic pelvic pain, thyroid dysfunction, excessive exercise, psychiatric illness, or drug abuse. There was no history of such type of illness in her family. She was diagnosed with diabetes mellitus two years back without classic symptoms, and at that time, her blood glucose was 22 mmol/L. She was prescribed metformin and gliclazide. She had no history of hypoglycemia, hyperglycemic crises, or hospital admission. On examination, her body build and nutritional status were normal. Anemia, jaundice, edema, dehydration, lymphadenopathy, acne, hirsutism, acanthosis nigricans, abdominal striae and vitiligo were absent. Her blood pressure was 110/70 without the postural drop, thyroid gland was not enlarged, anthropometric measurements were normal and BMI was 18.4 kg/m2. Her tanner stage was P5 & B4. Genital examination revealed normal female external genitalia, and a blind vaginal pouch was found. Other systemic examinations revealed no abnormality. On laboratory reports, her blood glucose was uncontrolled (HbA1c-10.2%) with glycosuria. Thyroid function test and gonadal hormones were normal. Ultrasonogram of the abdomen revealed uterus, cervix, and upper part of the vagina are absent, and an ectopic left kidney.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pressure Sore among Stroke Patients during Hospital Stay: A Cross-Sectional Study in A Tertiary Care Hospital.","authors":"K M R Anwar, S M Noor, M M Ahmad, M Sultana, S Aman, S Khan, M S A Quiraishi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pressure sore is an important post-stroke complication that results in increased morbidity, mortality and poor prognosis of the patients. The objective of the present study was to find out the prevalence and the factors associated with pressure sore among stroke patients. This prospective cross-sectional study includes 50 stroke patients admitted in the Department of Neurology of Dhaka Medical College Hospital, Bangladesh from July to December 2018. Data were collected from the by direct interview of the patients or their relatives or caregiver using a structured case report form. Descriptive statistics were used to represent patients' characteristics and the chi-square test was used to determine the difference between patients' groups. The mean ±SD age of the stroke patients was 59.16±11.53 years and half of them were male. Fifty percent of the patients had been suffering from ischemic stroke and the rest from hemorrhagic stroke. Of all, one-fourth of the patients (24.0%) developed post-stroke pressure sore during the hospital stay and type-specific prevalence was 20.0% in ischemic stroke and 30.0% in hemorrhagic stroke. Common sites of the pressure sore were sacrum (50.0%), buttock (25.0%), heels (17.0%), and greater trochanter (8.0%). Only 8.0% of the patients developed grade IV wounds. Pressure sores of 42.0% of patients healed spontaneously, 25.0% needed conservative management and 25.0% needed a skin graft. This study found that a large portion of stroke patients develop a pressure sore during hospital stay which can deteriorate clinical outcomes and compromise the quality of life of the patients. Adequate preventive measures and proper rehabilitation should be encouraged for better stroke management and to reduce long-term complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of Stature with Great Toe Length in 5-10 Years Aged Bangladeshi Children.","authors":"M Ismatsara, E Z Epsi, S M A Haque","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The cross sectional, analytic and descriptive type study was conducted among 5-10 years aged Bangladeshi children at different areas of Mymensingh District (Fulbaria, Trisal, Haluaghat, Fulpur and Muktagacha), Bangladesh on 109 Bangladeshi children from January 2016 to December 2016. Nonrandom purposive sampling technique was taken for sample collection. Any kind of foot deformity resulting either from physical injury or congenital anomaly was excluded to construct standard data. The present anthropometric study was designed to construct data of 5 to 10 years aged Bangladeshi children regarding great toe length, to measure correlation of stature with great toe length and comparison of great toe length between male and female children. This study has been made out to grow interest among the researchers for future study of different country. Stature of the subject was measured with the stadiometer and great toe length was measured using slide caliper. The children were requested to stand with weight distributed equally on both feet. The legs were perpendicular to the feet. The mean great toe length of both sides of 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 years aged male were 2.90±0.51 cm, 3.00±0.38 cm, 3.18±0.42 cm, 3.41±0.26 cm, 3.34±0.32cm and 3.57±0.45 cm respectively and those of female were 2.93±0.70 cm, 2.70±0.43 cm, 3.05±0.37 cm, 3.02±0.25 cm, 3.42±0.55 cm and 3.62±0.44 cm respectively. Great toe length showed non-significant positive correlation with stature in 5 years old female, 7 years old male and female, 8 years old male, 9 and 10 years old male and female children. In 5 years old male, 6 years old male and female and 8 years old female children, great toe length showed non-significant negative correlation with stature. Comparison of great toe length between male and female children was done by Unpaired Students 't' test which was statistically non-significant.</p>","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of the Effects of Exercise and Kapalbhati Pranayama on Heart Rate Variability and Electroencephalogram Activity: Unveiling Physiological and Cognitive Insights.","authors":"V Malhotra, R Jiwane, F J Cidral-Filho","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Physical activity and mindfulness techniques, such as exercise and Kapalbhati Pranayama, are known to have positive effects on health and well-being. However, limited research has directly compared their impact on physiological and psychological parameters. This study aimed to investigate and compare the effects of exercise and Kapalbhati Pranayama on Heart Rate Variability (HRV) and Electroencephalogram (EEG) activity, shedding light on their contributions to overall health and mental well-being. The study was conducted at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) in Bhopal, India, from 2018 to 2022. A prospective interventional design was employed over two months, involving 20 participants with normal BMI and no respiratory or cardiac conditions. Exclusion criteria included lung or cardiac diseases, smoking history, dyspnoea during physical activity, pedal edema, and high blood pressure. The Kapalbhati Pranayama intervention was supervised and limited to 5 minutes. HRV was assessed using the HRV Brain Tap Neuralchek Machine before, during, and after Kapalbhati. For exercise, a mild-intensity cycling protocol was performed on healthy volunteers aged 20 to 50. HRV was recorded before, during, and after exercise. The EEG analysis revealed notable changes in brain wave patterns. At baseline, participants exhibited higher levels of delta, theta, and alpha waves, indicating a state of relaxation and calmness. During exercise, there was a significant increase in beta waves and a decrease in delta, theta, and alpha waves, reflecting heightened brain activity and alertness. After Kapalbhati, beta wave levels remained elevated, while delta and theta wave suppression was more pronounced, suggesting a stimulating effect on the brain similar to exercise. The changes in beta and gamma EEG waves could be attributed to factors such as exercise intensity, duration, frequency, and the release of endorphins during both exercise and Kapalbhati. The HRV analysis demonstrated distinct responses to exercise and Kapalbhati. Exercise led to a significant reduction in HRV parameters, characterized by increased heart rate and decreased time-domain HRV measures, aligning with the typical sympathetic nervous system dominance during physical activity. In contrast, Kapalbhati's impact on HRV parameters was milder, with minor changes in heart rate and subtle alterations in time-domain HRV measures. The high LF/HF ratio during Kapalbhati suggested a potential stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system. More comprehensive research is required to confirm these findings and understand the long-term effects of Kapalbhati on HRV and cardiovascular health. This study contributes to the understanding of how exercise and Kapalbhati Pranayama affect both cognitive and cardiovascular aspects of health. It highlights that both interventions increase brain activity and alertness, but Kapalbhati may have a more potent effect. Exercise significantly reduces HRV parameters, in","PeriodicalId":94148,"journal":{"name":"Mymensingh medical journal : MMJ","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}