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Dual activities of a silencing information regulator complex in yeast transcriptional regulation and DNA‐damage response 沉默信息调节复合物在酵母转录调节和 DNA 损伤反应中的双重活动
mLife Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12108
Josephine Rybchuk, Wei Xiao
{"title":"Dual activities of a silencing information regulator complex in yeast transcriptional regulation and DNA‐damage response","authors":"Josephine Rybchuk, Wei Xiao","doi":"10.1002/mlf2.12108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mlf2.12108","url":null,"abstract":"The Saccharomyces cerevisiae silencing information regulator (SIR) complex contains up to four proteins, namely Sir1, Sir2, Sir3, and Sir4. While Sir2 encodes a NAD‐dependent histone deacetylase, other SIR proteins mainly function as structural and scaffold components through physical interaction with various proteins. The SIR complex displays different conformation and composition, including Sir2 homotrimer, Sir1‐4 heterotetramer, Sir2‐4 heterotrimer, and their derivatives, which recycle and relocate to different chromosomal regions. Major activities of the SIR complex are transcriptional silencing through chromosomal remodeling and modulation of DNA double‐strand‐break repair pathways. These activities allow the SIR complex to be involved in mating‐type maintenance and switching, telomere and subtelomere gene silencing, promotion of nonhomologous end joining, and inhibition of homologous recombination, as well as control of cell aging. This review explores the potential link between epigenetic regulation and DNA damage response conferred by the SIR complex under various conditions aiming at understanding its roles in balancing cell survival and genomic stability in response to internal and environmental stresses. As core activities of the SIR complex are highly conserved in eukaryotes from yeast to humans, knowledge obtained in the yeast may apply to mammalian Sirtuin homologs and related diseases.","PeriodicalId":94145,"journal":{"name":"mLife","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140977909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
MarR family proteins sense sulfane sulfur in bacteria MarR 家族蛋白质感知细菌中的烷硫
mLife Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12109
Guanhua Xuan, Luying Xun, Yongzhen Xia
{"title":"MarR family proteins sense sulfane sulfur in bacteria","authors":"Guanhua Xuan, Luying Xun, Yongzhen Xia","doi":"10.1002/mlf2.12109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mlf2.12109","url":null,"abstract":"Members of the multiple antibiotic resistance regulator (MarR) protein family are ubiquitous in bacteria and play critical roles in regulating cellular metabolism and antibiotic resistance. MarR family proteins function as repressors, and their interactions with modulators induce the expression of controlled genes. The previously characterized modulators are insufficient to explain the activities of certain MarR family proteins. However, recently, several MarR family proteins have been reported to sense sulfane sulfur, including zero‐valent sulfur, persulfide (R‐SSH), and polysulfide (R‐SnH, n ≥ 2). Sulfane sulfur is a common cellular component in bacteria whose levels vary during bacterial growth. The changing levels of sulfane sulfur affect the expression of many MarR‐controlled genes. Sulfane sulfur reacts with the cysteine thiols of MarR family proteins, causing the formation of protein thiol persulfide, disulfide bonds, and other modifications. Several MarR family proteins that respond to reactive oxygen species (ROS) also sense sulfane sulfur, as both sulfane sulfur and ROS induce the formation of disulfide bonds. This review focused on MarR family proteins that sense sulfane sulfur. However, the sensing mechanisms reviewed here may also apply to other proteins that detect sulfane sulfur, which is emerging as a modulator of gene regulation.","PeriodicalId":94145,"journal":{"name":"mLife","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140975502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fusarium mycotoxins: The major food contaminants 镰刀霉菌毒素:主要的食品污染物
mLife Pub Date : 2024-05-13 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12112
Zheng Qu, Xianfeng Ren, Zhaolin Du, Jie Hou, Ye Li, Yanpo Yao, Yi An
{"title":"Fusarium mycotoxins: The major food contaminants","authors":"Zheng Qu, Xianfeng Ren, Zhaolin Du, Jie Hou, Ye Li, Yanpo Yao, Yi An","doi":"10.1002/mlf2.12112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mlf2.12112","url":null,"abstract":"Mycotoxins, which are secondary metabolites produced by toxicogenic fungi, are natural food toxins that cause acute and chronic adverse reactions in humans and animals. The genus Fusarium is one of three major genera of mycotoxin‐producing fungi. Trichothecenes, fumonisins, and zearalenone are the major Fusarium mycotoxins that occur worldwide. Fusarium mycotoxins have the potential to infiltrate the human food chain via contamination during crop production and food processing, eventually threatening human health. The occurrence and development of Fusarium mycotoxin contamination will change with climate change, especially with variations in temperature, precipitation, and carbon dioxide concentration. To address these challenges, researchers have built a series of effective models to forecast the occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins and provide guidance for crop production. Fusarium mycotoxins frequently exist in food products at extremely low levels, thus necessitating the development of highly sensitive and reliable detection techniques. Numerous successful detection methods have been developed to meet the requirements of various situations, and an increasing number of methods are moving toward high‐throughput features. Although Fusarium mycotoxins cannot be completely eliminated, numerous agronomic, chemical, physical, and biological methods can lower Fusarium mycotoxin contamination to safe levels during the preharvest and postharvest stages. These theoretical innovations and technological advances have the potential to facilitate the development of comprehensive strategies for effectively managing Fusarium mycotoxin contamination in the future.","PeriodicalId":94145,"journal":{"name":"mLife","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140984643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Filamentation and inhibition of prokaryotic CTP synthase with ligands. 原核生物 CTP 合酶的成丝和配体抑制作用。
IF 4.5
mLife Pub Date : 2024-05-02 eCollection Date: 2024-06-01 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12119
Chenjun Guo, Zixuan Wang, Ji-Long Liu
{"title":"Filamentation and inhibition of prokaryotic CTP synthase with ligands.","authors":"Chenjun Guo, Zixuan Wang, Ji-Long Liu","doi":"10.1002/mlf2.12119","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mlf2.12119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cytidine triphosphate synthase (CTPS) plays a pivotal role in the de novo synthesis of cytidine triphosphate (CTP), a fundamental building block for RNA and DNA that is essential for life. CTPS is capable of directly binding to all four nucleotide triphosphates: adenine triphosphate, uridine triphosphate, CTP, and guanidine triphosphate. Furthermore, CTPS can form cytoophidia in vivo and metabolic filaments in vitro, undergoing regulation at multiple levels. CTPS is considered a potential therapeutic target for combating invasions or infections by viral or prokaryotic pathogens. Utilizing cryo-electron microscopy, we determined the structure of <i>Escherichia coli</i> CTPS (ecCTPS) filament in complex with CTP, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH), and the covalent inhibitor 6-diazo-5-oxo- l-norleucine (DON), achieving a resolution of 2.9 Å. We constructed a phylogenetic tree based on differences in filament-forming interfaces and designed a variant to validate our hypothesis, providing an evolutionary perspective on CTPS filament formation. Our computational analysis revealed a solvent-accessible ammonia tunnel upon DON binding. Through comparative structural analysis, we discern a distinct mode of CTP binding of ecCTPS that differs from eukaryotic counterparts. Combining biochemical assays and structural analysis, we determined and validated the synergistic inhibitory effects of CTP with NADH or adenine on CTPS. Our results expand our comprehension of the diverse regulatory aspects of CTPS and lay a foundation for the design of specific inhibitors targeting prokaryotic CTPS.</p>","PeriodicalId":94145,"journal":{"name":"mLife","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11211670/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141474095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Transfer of disulfide bond formation modules via yeast artificial chromosomes promotes the expression of heterologous proteins in Kluyveromyces marxianus. 通过酵母人工染色体转移二硫键形成模块可促进马氏假丝酵母中异源蛋白的表达。
mLife Pub Date : 2024-03-22 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12115
Pingping Wu, Wenjuan Mo, Tian Tian, Kunfeng Song, Yilin Lyu, Haiyan Ren, Jungang Zhou, Yao Yu, Hong Lu
{"title":"Transfer of disulfide bond formation modules via yeast artificial chromosomes promotes the expression of heterologous proteins in <i>Kluyveromyces marxianus</i>.","authors":"Pingping Wu, Wenjuan Mo, Tian Tian, Kunfeng Song, Yilin Lyu, Haiyan Ren, Jungang Zhou, Yao Yu, Hong Lu","doi":"10.1002/mlf2.12115","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mlf2.12115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Kluyveromyces marxianus</i> is a food-safe yeast with great potential for producing heterologous proteins. Improving the yield in <i>K. marxianus</i> remains a challenge and incorporating large-scale functional modules poses a technical obstacle in engineering. To address these issues, linear and circular yeast artificial chromosomes of <i>K. marxianus</i> (KmYACs) were constructed and loaded with disulfide bond formation modules from <i>Pichia pastoris</i> or <i>K. marxianus</i>. These modules contained up to seven genes with a maximum size of 15 kb. KmYACs carried telomeres either from <i>K. marxianus</i> or <i>Tetrahymena</i>. KmYACs were transferred successfully into <i>K. marxianus</i> and stably propagated without affecting the normal growth of the host, regardless of the type of telomeres and configurations of KmYACs. KmYACs increased the overall expression levels of disulfide bond formation genes and significantly enhanced the yield of various heterologous proteins. In high-density fermentation, the use of KmYACs resulted in a glucoamylase yield of 16.8 g/l, the highest reported level to date in <i>K. marxianus</i>. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis of cells containing KmYACs suggested increased flavin adenine dinucleotide biosynthesis, enhanced flux entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and a preferred demand for lysine and arginine as features of cells overexpressing heterologous proteins. Consistently, supplementing lysine or arginine further improved the yield. Therefore, KmYAC provides a powerful platform for manipulating large modules with enormous potential for industrial applications and fundamental research. Transferring the disulfide bond formation module via YACs proves to be an efficient strategy for improving the yield of heterologous proteins, and this strategy may be applied to optimize other microbial cell factories.</p>","PeriodicalId":94145,"journal":{"name":"mLife","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11139206/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electrobiocorrosion by microbes without outer-surface cytochromes. 无外表面细胞色素的微生物的电生物腐蚀。
mLife Pub Date : 2024-03-19 eCollection Date: 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12111
Dawn E Holmes, Trevor L Woodard, Jessica A Smith, Florin Musat, Derek R Lovley
{"title":"Electrobiocorrosion by microbes without outer-surface cytochromes.","authors":"Dawn E Holmes, Trevor L Woodard, Jessica A Smith, Florin Musat, Derek R Lovley","doi":"10.1002/mlf2.12111","DOIUrl":"10.1002/mlf2.12111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Anaerobic microbial corrosion of iron-containing metals causes extensive economic damage. Some microbes are capable of direct metal-to-microbe electron transfer (electrobiocorrosion), but the prevalence of electrobiocorrosion among diverse methanogens and acetogens is poorly understood because of a lack of tools for their genetic manipulation. Previous studies have suggested that respiration with 316L  stainless steel as the electron donor is indicative of electrobiocorrosion, because, unlike pure Fe<sup>0</sup>, 316L  stainless steel does not abiotically generate H<sub>2</sub> as an intermediary electron carrier. Here, we report that all of the methanogens (<i>Methanosarcina vacuolata, Methanothrix soehngenii</i>, and <i>Methanobacterium</i> strain IM1) and acetogens (<i>Sporomusa ovata</i> and <i>Clostridium ljungdahlii</i>) evaluated respired with pure Fe<sup>0</sup> as the electron donor, but only <i>M. vacuolata, Mx. soehngenii</i>, and <i>S. ovata</i> were capable of stainless steel electrobiocorrosion. The electrobiocorrosive methanogens required acetate as an additional energy source in order to produce methane from stainless steel. Cocultures of <i>S. ovata</i> and <i>Mx. soehngenii</i> demonstrated how acetogens can provide acetate to methanogens during corrosion. Not only was <i>Methanobacterium</i> strain IM1 not capable of electrobiocorrosion, but it also did not accept electrons from <i>Geobacter metallireducens</i>, an effective electron-donating partner for direct interspecies electron transfer to all methanogens that can directly accept electrons from Fe<sup>0</sup>. The finding that <i>M. vacuolata, Mx. soehngenii</i>, and <i>S. ovata</i> are capable of electrobiocorrosion, despite a lack of the outer-surface <i>c</i>-type cytochromes previously found to be important in other electrobiocorrosive microbes, demonstrates that there are multiple microbial strategies for making electrical contact with Fe<sup>0</sup>.</p>","PeriodicalId":94145,"journal":{"name":"mLife","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11139208/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141201208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
O‐glycosylation in viruses: A sweet tango 病毒中的 O 型糖基化:甜蜜的探戈
mLife Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12105
Annan Ming, Jianxin Zhao, Yihan Liu, Yibo Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Jing Li, Leiliang Zhang
{"title":"O‐glycosylation in viruses: A sweet tango","authors":"Annan Ming, Jianxin Zhao, Yihan Liu, Yibo Wang, Xiaohui Wang, Jing Li, Leiliang Zhang","doi":"10.1002/mlf2.12105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mlf2.12105","url":null,"abstract":"O‐glycosylation is an ancient yet underappreciated protein posttranslational modification, on which many bacteria and viruses heavily rely to perform critical biological functions involved in numerous infectious diseases or even cancer. But due to the innate complexity of O‐glycosylation, research techniques have been limited to study its exact role in viral attachment and entry, assembly and exit, spreading in the host cells, and the innate and adaptive immunity of the host. Recently, the advent of many newly developed methodologies (e.g., mass spectrometry, chemical biology tools, and molecular dynamics simulations) has renewed and rekindled the interest in viral‐related O‐glycosylation in both viral proteins and host cells, which is further fueled by the COVID‐19 pandemic. In this review, we summarize recent advances in viral‐related O‐glycosylation, with a particular emphasis on the mucin‐type O‐linked α‐N‐acetylgalactosamine (O‐GalNAc) on viral proteins and the intracellular O‐linked β‐N‐acetylglucosamine (O‐GlcNAc) modifications on host proteins. We hope to provide valuable insights into the development of antiviral reagents or vaccines for better prevention or treatment of infectious diseases.","PeriodicalId":94145,"journal":{"name":"mLife","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140405533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Ranking environmental and edaphic attributes driving soil microbial community structure and activity with special attention to spatial and temporal scales 对驱动土壤微生物群落结构和活动的环境和土壤属性进行排序,特别关注空间和时间尺度
mLife Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12116
Vadakattu V. S. R. Gupta, J. Tiedje
{"title":"Ranking environmental and edaphic attributes driving soil microbial community structure and activity with special attention to spatial and temporal scales","authors":"Vadakattu V. S. R. Gupta, J. Tiedje","doi":"10.1002/mlf2.12116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mlf2.12116","url":null,"abstract":"The incredibly complex soil microbial communities at small scales make their analysis and identification of reasons for the observed structures challenging. Microbial community structure is mainly a result of the inoculum (dispersal), the selective advantages of those organisms under the habitat‐based environmental attributes, and the ability of those colonizers to sustain themselves over time. Since soil is protective, and its microbial inhabitants have long adapted to varied soil conditions, significant portions of the soil microbial community structure are likely stable. Hence, a substantial portion of the community will not correlate to often measured soil attributes. We suggest that the drivers be ranked on the basis of their importance to the fundamental needs of the microbes: (i) those that supply energy, i.e., organic carbon and electron acceptors; (ii) environmental effectors or stressors, i.e., pH, salt, drought, and toxic chemicals; (iii) macro‐organism associations, i.e., plants and their seasonality, animals and their fecal matter, and soil fauna; and (iv) nutrients, in order, N, P, and probably of lesser importance, other micronutrients, and metals. The relevance of drivers also varies with spatial and time scales, for example, aggregate to field to regional, and persistent to dynamic populations to transcripts, and with the extent of phylogenetic difference, hence phenotypic differences in organismal groups. We present a summary matrix to provide guidance on which drivers are important for particular studies, with special emphasis on a wide range of spatial and temporal scales, and illustrate this with genomic and population (rRNA gene) data from selected studies.","PeriodicalId":94145,"journal":{"name":"mLife","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140402648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genomic investigation and nationwide tracking of pediatric invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella in China 中国小儿侵袭性非伤寒沙门氏菌的基因组调查与全国追踪
mLife Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12117
Yefang Ke, Lin Teng, Zhe Zhu, Wenbo Lu, Wenyuan Liu, Haiyang Zhou, Qi Yu, Lina Ye, Pan Zhu, Guoping Zhao, Min Yue
{"title":"Genomic investigation and nationwide tracking of pediatric invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella in China","authors":"Yefang Ke, Lin Teng, Zhe Zhu, Wenbo Lu, Wenyuan Liu, Haiyang Zhou, Qi Yu, Lina Ye, Pan Zhu, Guoping Zhao, Min Yue","doi":"10.1002/mlf2.12117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mlf2.12117","url":null,"abstract":"Invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (iNTS) causes significant concern with ~15% morbidity, affecting populations mainly in African countries. However, iNTS infections among the Chinese pediatric population remain largely unknown. Here, we conducted a genomic investigation to study pediatric iNTS infections in a Chinese hospital. iNTS isolates accounted for 15.2% (18/119) of all nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) strains. Compared to non‐iNTS isolates, iNTS isolates harbored a lower prevalence of antimicrobial‐resistant genes of fluoroquinolones and β‐lactams, as well as disinfectant determinants and plasmids, but carried a significantly higher prevalence of cdtB, faeCDE, and tcpC genes. Importantly, we detected an emerging serovar Goldcoast as the predominant iNTS serovar locally. By integrating 320 global Goldcoast genomes based on the One Health samplings, we conducted nationwide phylogenomic tracking and detected repeated human‐to‐human transmission events among iNTS cases caused by an underestimated serovar Goldcoast. Together, our exploratory genomic approach highlights a new trend in pediatric iNTS infections.","PeriodicalId":94145,"journal":{"name":"mLife","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140405500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Insertion sequence transposition activates antimycobacteriophage immunity through an lsr2‐silenced lipid metabolism gene island 插入序列转位通过lsr2沉默的脂质代谢基因岛激活抗噬菌体免疫力
mLife Pub Date : 2024-03-01 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12106
Yakun Li, Yuyun Wei, Xiao Guo, Xiaohui Li, Lining Lu, Lihua Hu, Zheng‐Guo He
{"title":"Insertion sequence transposition activates antimycobacteriophage immunity through an lsr2‐silenced lipid metabolism gene island","authors":"Yakun Li, Yuyun Wei, Xiao Guo, Xiaohui Li, Lining Lu, Lihua Hu, Zheng‐Guo He","doi":"10.1002/mlf2.12106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/mlf2.12106","url":null,"abstract":"Insertion sequences (ISs) exist widely in bacterial genomes, but their roles in the evolution of bacterial antiphage defense remain to be clarified. Here, we report that, under the pressure of phage infection, the IS1096 transposition of Mycobacterium smegmatis into the lsr2 gene can occur at high frequencies, which endows the mutant mycobacterium with a broad‐spectrum antiphage ability. Lsr2 functions as a negative regulator and directly silences expression of a gene island composed of 11 lipid metabolism‐related genes. The complete or partial loss of the gene island leads to a significant decrease of bacteriophage adsorption to the mycobacterium, thus defending against phage infection. Strikingly, a phage that has evolved mutations in two tail‐filament genes can re‐escape from the lsr2 inactivation‐triggered host defense. This study uncovered a new signaling pathway for activating antimycobacteriophage immunity by IS transposition and provided insight into the natural evolution of bacterial antiphage defense.","PeriodicalId":94145,"journal":{"name":"mLife","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140407695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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