Medical ultrasonography最新文献

{"title":"Evaluation of muscle stiffness in Systemic Sclerosis and sarcopenia using Shear Wave Elastography: a cross-sectional study on hand and forearm muscles.","authors":"Roxana Ioana Gutiu, Ana-Diana Bilous, Iulia Cozma, Daniel Corneliu Leucuța, Oana Șerban, Maria Bădărînză, Michael Pelea, Daniela Fodor","doi":"10.11152/mu-4531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11152/mu-4531","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To assess the impact of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and sarcopenia on muscle stiffness using shear wave elastography (SWE) in hand and forearm muscles, and to determine whether these conditions independently affect muscle mechanical properties.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 39 patients with SSc and 90 controls. Sarcopenia was defined according to EWGSOP2 criteria, using fat-free mass index and handgrip strength. Muscle stiffness was measured by SWE in both relaxed and contracted states at three muscle sites: thenar eminence, flexor pollicis longus, and flexor digitorum profundus. Additional assessments included whole body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry evaluation, clinical evaluation, and questionnaires. Multiple linear regression and propensity score matching were used to adjust for age, sex, and body mass index. Intra-rater reliability was evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SSc patients showed significantly higher muscle stiffness during contraction across all sites (p<0.05), independent of sarcopenia, age, or bodycomposition. No differences were observed at rest. Sarcopenia showed limited effect on SWE values. ICCs ranged from 0.858 to 0.935, indicating excellent intra-rater reliability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Muscle stiffness during contraction is increased in SSc and appears to reflect fibrotic changes in the extracellular matrix rather than sarcopenia. SWE under standardized contraction may serve as a sensitive imaging biomarker for muscle involvement in systemic sclerosis. Further studies should include inter-rater reproducibility and clinical phenotyping to validate its diagnostic value.</p>","PeriodicalId":94138,"journal":{"name":"Medical ultrasonography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of fine needle aspiration biopsy on change in thyroid nodule elasticity.","authors":"Mehmet Akçiçek, Nurullah Dağ, Lezan Keskin, Bülent Petik, Serkan Ünlü","doi":"10.11152/mu-4533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11152/mu-4533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to investigate changes in the stiffness of thyroid nodules following fine needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB), using shear wave elastography (SWE), a non-invasive imaging technique utilized in thyroid nodule evaluation.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A total of 82 patients scheduled to undergo FNAB for the first time were included. Ultrasound and SWE examinations were performed before the procedure and again 8 to 10 weeks after FNAB. Nodule stiffness was measured in kilopascals (kPa) during both evaluations, and changes in elasticity were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean SWE stiffness of the nodules significantly decreased from 21.80 ± 11.43 kPa before FNAB to 17.83 ± 9.98 kPa after FNAB (p = 0.001). Smoking status and serum free T3 levels were significantly associated with changes in SWE stiffness (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference was observed between TIRADS 3 and TIRADS 4 categories regarding the change in stiffness (p = 0.223).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates a significant reduction in thyroid nodule stiffness after FNAB as measured by SWE. These post-biopsy changes may lead to potential misinterpretations in subsequent elastographic evaluations, possibly affecting diagnostic accuracy and clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":94138,"journal":{"name":"Medical ultrasonography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incidental finding of gallbladder aspergilloma; a rare occurrence.","authors":"Nils Raab, Bernd Stephan, Sabin Khatri, Michael Wöhlke, Raoul Hinze, Christoph Frank Dietrich","doi":"10.11152/mu-4532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11152/mu-4532","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The value of an ultrasound prior to planned interventions is undisputed. Clinically relevant incidental findings are also among the reasons why abdominal ultrasound examinations should be considered part of the diagnostic evaluation during inpatient admission. We report here an interesting case of an unusual \"three-headed\" polypoid lesion on ultrasound, which histologically and pathologically revealed a saprophytic manifestation of local aspergillosis in the gallbladder without clinical signs of cholecystitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94138,"journal":{"name":"Medical ultrasonography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasound characteristics of cervical lymph nodes in children with infectious mononucleosis.","authors":"Xinxin Bu, Shuwen Sun, Yanyan Zhang, Tao Yuan, Cuiwei Wang","doi":"10.11152/mu-4534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11152/mu-4534","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To illustrate ultrasonographic characteristics of cervical lymph nodes in children with infectious mononucleosis (IM).</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Ultrasonographic characteristics of cervical lymph nodes in 61 children with IM were retrospectively analyzed, including the location, long diameter (LD), short diameter (SD), short-to-long diameter ratio (S/L), boundary clarity, presence of lymphatic hilum, internal hyperechoic features, blood supply mode and vascular richness.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 61 children with IM comprised 41 males and 20 females, with an average age of 7.2±3.8 years. Bilateral enlargement of cervical lymph nodes was a typical ultrasonographic manifestation of IM. Lymph node enlargement was evenly distributed on both sides of the neck. All enlarged lymph nodes were in neck zone II, with an average S/L ratio of 0.37±0.07, long diameter 33.4±6.4 mm, and short diameter 12.1±2.5 mm. Other typical ultrasonographic characteristics of cervical lymph nodes in children with IM included clear borders (100%), beads-on-a-string (98.4%), smooth edges (98.4%), visible lymphatic hila (95.1%), loose arrangement of lymphatic hila (88.5%), central blood flow signals (96.7%), and vascular richness (82.0%). Conclusions: IM children present unique ultrasonographic characteristics of cervical lymph nodes, which may assist in the early and timely diagnosis of pediatric IM in clinical practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":94138,"journal":{"name":"Medical ultrasonography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Computer-aided diagnosis of DDH using ultrasound: deep learning for segmentation and accurate angle measurement aligned with radiologist's clinical workflow.","authors":"Muhammed Enes Yilmaz, Evrim Colak, Mehmet Serdar Guzel","doi":"10.11152/mu-4535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11152/mu-4535","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>A computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) system for automated evaluation of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) via ultrasound, integrating Deep Learning (DL) for anatomical segmentation and performing α&β angle calculations utilizing the Graf Method is presented. A custom image processing method excludes the inferior ilium's curvature during the baseline definition, enhancing accuracy and replicating radiologists' real-world workflow.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Our dataset comprised 452 raw images from 370 newborns. For {'validation'+\"test\"}, {'nv=91'+\"nte=45\"}≡136 images were reserved (never augmented). Remaining 316 images were augmented to ntr=632 with (0%↔25%) random brightness manipulation for training. Totally (632+136)=768 images were annotated and split with the following true numbers and percentage: {'train',\"validation\",test}≡{'632',\"91\",45}≡{'82%',\"12%\",6%}. U-Net, MaskR-CNN, YOLOv8 and YOLOv11 were used for segmentation. α&β were measured using Method-I (centroid/orientation) and Method-II (Hough transform). An extended set of performance metrics-Precision, Recall, IoU, Dice, mAP-was calculated. Bland-Altman and Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) analyses compared CAD outputs with expert measurements.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>YOLOv11 showed the best segmentation performance (Precision:0.990, Recall:0.993, IoU:0.983, Dice:0.990, mAP:0.991). {ICCα, ICCβ} calculated using Method-I and Method-II were {0.895, 0.907} and {0.929, 0.952}, respectively, with Method-II outperforming Method-I.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A clinically-aligned-CAD-system that integrates anatomical segmentation and α&β measurement-a combination rarely addressed in literature is introduced. By providing a comprehensive and standardized set of metrics, this work overcomes a common bottleneck in DL studies, namely heterogeneity in metric reporting, enabling better cross-study comparisons. Following curvature exclusion, obtained ICCs outperformed previous studies, demonstrating improved inter-rater reliability and strong agreement with expert radiologists, offering both technical robustness and clinical applicability in DDH assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94138,"journal":{"name":"Medical ultrasonography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144823560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrasonography of the process of esophageal speech in three laryngectomy cases.","authors":"Naomi Watanabe, Yuka Miura, Hiromi Sanada, Yayoi Kamakura","doi":"10.11152/mu-4527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11152/mu-4527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To visualize the process of esophageal speech in patients who underwent laryngectomy using diagnostic ultrasound.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>Three patients with different surgical reconstructions (total laryngectomy, pharyngo-laryngo-esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction, and pharyngo-laryngo-cervical-esophagectomy with free jejunal reconstruction) were studied. Ultrasound with a linear probe observed organ vibration and dimensions at the 5th-7th cervical vertebrae during rest, air swallowing, and phonation. Cross-sectional lateral and anteroposterior diameters were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Lateral diameters (mm) during rest, air swallowing, and sound production were 15, 18, and 15 for the esophagus; 24, 27, and 23 for the gastric tube; and 19, 32, and 20 for the jejunal graft, respectively. Longitudinal motion of the esophagus and gastric tube lumen coincided with artifact, while jejunal villi movements were noted. Air swallowing induced an oval organ shape, and lateral diameters shortened during sound production.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Vibratory activity spanning over 4 cm was observed at the 5th-7th cervical vertebrae. Each organ displayed distinct vibration patterns, with luminal shape changes during sound production. These findings offer new insights into the biomechanics of esophageal speech and understanding of postoperative rehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94138,"journal":{"name":"Medical ultrasonography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144661472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A nomogram based on clinical and ultrasound characteristics for predicting peripheral nerve schwannomas in soft tissue.","authors":"Fan Yang, Yuan Chen, Huolin Wu, Jianmei Lei, Jingyuan Liu, Lingfang Yu, Jian Chen","doi":"10.11152/mu-4526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.11152/mu-4526","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To develop a nomogram that integrates clinical and ultrasound (US) characteristics for the preoperative prediction of peripheral nerve schwannomas in soft tissue.</p><p><strong>Material and methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 301 patients with soft tissue masses who underwent surgical excision and preoperative US evaluation. Clinical data and US features were collected and analyzed. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were performed to identify independent predictors; subsequently, a nomogram was developed for predicting schwannomas. The performance of the nomogram was assessed using the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), calibration curves, and decision curve analysis (DCA). Additionally, internal validation was performed using 10-fold cross-validation with 1000 iterations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven independent predictors were identified, including target sign, rat tail sign, split fat sign, shape, layer, vascularity, and age. The nomogram demonstrated favorable discrimination and calibration, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.934 (95% CI: 0.902-0.966). Furthermore, decision curve analysis (DCA) confirmed the nomogram's clinical utility across a wide range of risk thresholds (0.01-0.93). Internal validation yielded a corrected AUC of 0.921 (95% CI: 0.917-0.924).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This nomogram provides clinicians with a quantitative and visual tool for preoperative prediction of schwannomas in soft tissue, thereby improving diagnostic accuracy and assisting in clinical decision-making.</p>","PeriodicalId":94138,"journal":{"name":"Medical ultrasonography","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144661469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advancements and challenges in Shear-Wave Elastography of tendons: a comprehensive review.","authors":"Michael-Andrei Pelea, Oana Șerban, Maria Bădărînză, Daniela Fodor","doi":"10.11152/mu-4444","DOIUrl":"10.11152/mu-4444","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Shear-Wave Elastography (SWE) has emerged as a promising non-invasive imaging technique for assessing the mechanical properties of tendons, particularly larger and more superficially located tendons of the body. Despite its potential, significant variability in SWE measurements exists due to differences in protocols, positioning, and equipment. Standardizing these factors, enhancing operator training, and reporting reliability metrics are crucial to improve the consistency and comparability of SWE data. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge and report on the existing practices in tendon SWE. By addressing the current challenges and variability, SWE has the potential to become a reliable tool for diagnosing and monitoring tendon pathologies, ultimately enhancing patient care and outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94138,"journal":{"name":"Medical ultrasonography","volume":" ","pages":"206-216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142484562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of dual-phenotype hepatocellular carcinoma based on ultrasound and contrast enhanced ultrasound - a preliminary study.","authors":"Nan Wang, Xiaorong Lv, Peihua Wang, Xiao Huang, Luping Liu, Ju Zhu, Fang Nie","doi":"10.11152/mu-4466","DOIUrl":"10.11152/mu-4466","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To investigate the diagnostic value of ultrasound features with dual-phenotype hepatocellular carcinoma (DPHCC). Material and methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients diagnosed with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) confirmed by pathology results from October 2016 to December 2023. Patients were categorized into DPHCC and non-DPHCC (NDPHCC) groups based on immunohistochemical findings. Clinical baseline characteristics and ultrasound features were compared between these groups. Multivariable logistic regression was employed to identify predictive factors. A logisticregression model and nomogram were developed to predict DPHCC.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>This study included 219 HCC patients (average age: 55.84±9.00, 173 males), with 61 cases of DPHCC and 158 cases of NDPHCC. The results of multivariate logistic regression indicated that halo sign (OR=1.93, p=0.049), PVP hypo-enhancement (OR=2.73, p=0.002) and nodule-in-nodule sign (OR=4.23, p=0.003) were independent predictors of DPHCC. The model's AUC value was 0.73 (95%CI: 0.65-0.80). The calibration curve displayed good predictive accuracy.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Ultrasound features, including CEUS, may provide additional information for the non-invasive diagnosis of DPHCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":94138,"journal":{"name":"Medical ultrasonography","volume":" ","pages":"135-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Important ultrasonography and CT findings and prognostic factors of incidentally detected gallbladder cancer.","authors":"Jihae An, Jung Hoon Kim, Hee Soo Kim, Jin Sol Choi","doi":"10.11152/mu-4445","DOIUrl":"10.11152/mu-4445","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>To evaluate important imaging findings and prognostic factors of incidentally detected gallbladder cancer (IDGC). Materials and methods: Patients with surgically proven IDGC (n=85) and benign GB diseases (n=100) were retrospectively enrolled. All patients had preoperative CT and eighty-two patients had US images. Two radiologists independently assessed image findings and analyzed findings suggestive of IDGC and recurrence after surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to identify significant predictors for IDGC and recurrence.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>87% (74/85) of IDGC belonged to early cancer. On US, mucosal irregularity (odds ratio (OR), 26.29; 95% confidence interval (CI), 2.66-259.42; p=0.005) was a significant predictor of IDGC. Enhancement pattern of wall (OR, 7.78; 95% CI, 2.84-21.39; p<0.001), and maximum wall thickness (OR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.11-1.55; p=0.002) were significant predictors of IDGC on CT. Twenty-two patients showed recurrence. For clinical factors, T-, N-stage were associated with recurrence (p<0.001). For imaging, focal wall thickening (OR, 8.74; 95% CI, 1.13-67.49, p=0.038) on US and lymph node enlargement (LNE) (OR, 8.93; 95% CI, 1.44-55.19, p=0.018) on CT were significant predictors of recurrence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Image findings are useful to predict IDGC using mucosal disruption, maximum wall thickness, enhancement pattern of wall. In addition, focal wall thickening and LNE were useful for predicting recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":94138,"journal":{"name":"Medical ultrasonography","volume":" ","pages":"126-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}