Materia socio-medica最新文献

{"title":"Psychiatric Morbidity Among Older Hospitalized Patients.","authors":"Nerminka Aljukic, Mevludin Hasanovic, Izet Pajevic, Esmina Avdibegovic, Anel Brigic","doi":"10.5455/msm.2023.35.275-279","DOIUrl":"10.5455/msm.2023.35.275-279","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Globally, life expectancy is increasing, leading to an equal proportion of elderly and young individuals, which carries extensive implications. In Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH), the average age at death in 2021 was 77 years, positioning BiH in the middle of the global list of average life expectancy. Current studiesinvestigate whether the prevalence of psychiatric disorders increases or decreases with age, but results are inconsistent regarding the role of age.There is no prior research on mental disorders in the elderly population in BiH. The experience of the previous war in BiH and the post-war complex \"transitional period\" have been associated with specific challenges to the mental health of this population, inspiring our research topic.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the psychiatric morbidity in hospitalized individuals aged≥55 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The sample consisted of all patients over age 55 treated at the Department of Psychiatry in Tuzla between January 2018 and December 2020 (N=637), divided into four age categories. Data were obtained from medical records, and for research purposes, a specific questionnaire was constructed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The predominant psychiatric morbidity stemmed from the category of affective disorders, most common within the \"55-64 years\" age group, while organic mental disorders were more prevalent in other age groups.Substance use disorders were present in patients aged \"55-64 years\", with a sharp decline in their prevalence in older age. Female participants had a significantly higher prevalence of affective, psychotic, neurotic, and stress-related disorders, whereas male participants exhibited an increased prevalence of organic mental and substance use disorders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In total sample, the most prevalent diagnoses belong to the category of affective disorders. Female were most frequently diagnosed with affective disorders, whereas organic mental disorders and substance use disorders prevail in male.</p>","PeriodicalId":94128,"journal":{"name":"Materia socio-medica","volume":"35 4","pages":"275-279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10875944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic and Social Determinants of Health on the Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence. A Systematic Review.","authors":"Athanasios Pitis, Maria Diamantopoulou, Foteini Tzavella","doi":"10.5455/msm.2023.35.295-303","DOIUrl":"10.5455/msm.2023.35.295-303","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The pandemic has increased the rates of violent behavior towards women by their partners worldwide. Increased time spent living with the abusive partner, working at home and limited social contact combined with socioeconomic characteristics contributed to the increase in this type of violence.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the impact of pandemic COVID-19 and social determinants of health (SDOH) on the intimate partner violence (IPV) experienced by women from their partners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic review was conducted to investigate the impact of COVID-19 and social determinants of health on violence experienced by women from their partner(s) as a consequence of incarceration. The Pubmed and Scopus databases were searched during December 2022, using the keywords \"intimate partner violence\", \"women\", \"COVID-19\", \"socioeconomic factors\", \"social determinants of health\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 917 studies initially retrieved, 38 studies found an increased prevalence of women's reported violence by their partners, 10 found a low prevalence, and 9 found no difference in prevalence before and during restraint. The most common forms of violence were psychological, physical and sexual. In 30 studies, social determinants such as socioeconomic level, education and living conditions were found to be associated with the prevalence of violence.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There was an increase in violence against women during quarantine which was associated with the effect of social determinants. However, due to research limitations of the studies, additional research is needed to draw firm conclusions that can be generalized to the population.</p>","PeriodicalId":94128,"journal":{"name":"Materia socio-medica","volume":"35 4","pages":"295-303"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10875957/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Education on Vaccination Competence: an Intensive Course for Skillful Health Science Students.","authors":"Dimitra Perifanou, Eleni Konstantinou, Sari Nyman, Anne Nikula, Aija Ahokas, Joan-Carles Casas-Baroy, Daniela Cavani, Paola Ferri, Paola Galbany-Estragués, Cinzia Gradellini, Kristina Grendova, Michaela Machajova, Montse Romero-Mas, Daniela Mecugni, Xavier Palomar-Aumatell, Janka Prnova, Carme Roure Pujol, Heli Thomander, Evanthia Sakellari","doi":"10.5455/msm.2023.35.312-318","DOIUrl":"10.5455/msm.2023.35.312-318","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vaccination is one of the most successful and cost-effective interventions for public health. Studies have shown that health professionals who have good knowledge and positive attitudes towards vaccination are more likely to provide effective vaccination protection to people, including themselves. Therefore, health science students must acquire evidence-based knowledge during their education to meet the challenges of healthcare.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and feedback of health science students who participated in the Educating Vaccination Competence (EDUVAC) Intensive Course.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A five-day Intensive Course was implemented for health science students, which included a pre-assignment. The EDUVAC Intensive Course used different teaching methods (lectures, workshops, interactive games, discussions), group work, study visits, and cultural programs to encourage students' motivation. For the purpose of the study, students filled out an online questionnaire after giving informed consent.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Sample consisted of 31 health science students from five European Higher Institutions. They had very good knowledge on most knowledge questions. In the post measurement it was significantly greater and equal to 81%, p<0.001. Almost all students (93.5%) totally agreed that <i>\"It is important for adults to receive all recommended vaccines according to national guidelines\"</i>. The statement <i>\"I have had an active attitude and participation in the Intensive Course\"</i> received 80.6% total agreement. Over 90.3% rated the Intensive Course as <i>\"excellent\"</i> or \"<i>above average\"</i>.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>After completing the EDUVAC Intensive Course, students felt confident in their vaccination knowledge and skills, which benefited their professional development.</p>","PeriodicalId":94128,"journal":{"name":"Materia socio-medica","volume":"35 4","pages":"312-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10875935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Internet Addiction in Undergraduate Students of the University of Medicine in Tirana, Albania.","authors":"Enkelejda Shkurti, Diamant Shtiza","doi":"10.5455/msm.2023.35.334-338","DOIUrl":"10.5455/msm.2023.35.334-338","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The usage of the internet amid university students and has increased significantly. Internet dependence between university students rises the hazard of adverse mental, somatic, economic concerns.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objective of our study is to determine the prevalence and aspects related to internet dependence amid university students in the University of Medicine in Tirana, Albania.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was held in June-August 2022 at University of Medicine in Tirana, Albania. By using Internet Addiction Test (IAT) we collected data on respondents' social-demographic features, internet use rehearsals, observed mental status and interactive bond of participants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 405 students who delivered their whole reply, we found that the prevalence of Internet Dependence is 109(27.65%).Regarding the gender the majority of the participants were females 275 (67.91%). Prior to the field of study the nursing students involved the larger part of the respondents 177 (43.7%). 234 (57.77%) of the students reported to have a middle economic status.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Almost twenty eight percent of medical university students in Albania depend on the internet. Internet dependence is correlated with applying the internet at the university, using more time on the internet per day, and spending the internet for social media. More surveys are required to regulate the load of psychological issues related to internet dependence in high-risk populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94128,"journal":{"name":"Materia socio-medica","volume":"35 4","pages":"334-338"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10875949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139914364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academician Professor Suad Efendic, MD, PhD (1937)","authors":"I. Masic","doi":"10.5455/msm.2022.34.305-306","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2022.34.305-306","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":94128,"journal":{"name":"Materia socio-medica","volume":"34 1","pages":"305 - 306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48723327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academician Professor Slobodan Loga, MD, PhD (1936)","authors":"I. Masic","doi":"10.5455/msm.2022.34.307-308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2022.34.307-308","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":94128,"journal":{"name":"Materia socio-medica","volume":"34 1","pages":"307 - 308"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47691939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Historical Background of Medical Informatics Development","authors":"Slobodan Jankovic","doi":"10.5455/msm.2022.34.155-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2022.34.155-156","url":null,"abstract":"<jats:p />","PeriodicalId":94128,"journal":{"name":"Materia socio-medica","volume":"34 1","pages":"155 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48213586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between the Weight of the Placenta, Body Mass Index and Fetal Birth Weight Among Sudanese Women.","authors":"Khalid Nasralla, Sumeya A Khieri, Abdelilah Kunna, Zaheera Saadia, Ali Osman Ali, Mohamed Alkhatim Alsammani","doi":"10.5455/msm.2020.32.196-199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2020.32.196-199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Accurate estimation of fetal birth weight is essential for the management of labor and delivery. The predictability of fetal weighs by clinical assessment and ultrasound is limited.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>The study aimed to evaluate the association between fetal birth weight and placental weight and other demographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>a total of 369 live born of a singleton term pregnancies (37 to 42 weeks gestations) were included in the study. Immediately after delivery, the placenta was weighed with cord and membranes. A linear regression was used to examine the effect of placental weight and other variables on fetal birth weight.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean of birth weight was 3122.5±477.8 grams. Placenta weight had a mean of 556.92±112.488 grams. The mean gestational age was 39.0543±.89642 weeks. The association between the placental weight and the birth weight was significant, and we found that for each gram increase in placental weight, birth weight is increased by 2.848g (SE = 0.178, p < 0.01). Similarly, there was a significant association between placental weight and fetal birth weight, and we found that for each kg increase in maternal weight, birth weight is increased by 17.018 g (SE = 5.281, p =0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Placenta weight and BMI are independent predictors of fetal birth weight.</p>","PeriodicalId":94128,"journal":{"name":"Materia socio-medica","volume":"32 3","pages":"196-199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11027961/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140875131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Diet Therapy in the Treatment of Liver Disease","authors":"B. Hajdarevic, Ines Vehabovic, T. Čatić, I. Masic","doi":"10.5455/msm.2020.32.200-206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2020.32.200-206","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The liver is the largest gland in the human body, and serves to store nutrients and neutralize harmful compounds. The liver plays a very important role in a number of metabolic, both catabolic and anabolic processes, and is therefore called the „central laboratory“ of the organism. If liver disease occurs, they can affect all its parts–liver cells, bile ducts, blood and lymph vessels. The liver is damaged by various toxins, drugs, infections, disturbances in the blood supply and other disorders. Diet therapy has been a part of the process in the treatment of liver disease for a while. The therapeutic principle is better known as the „liver diet“. The liver diet not only means the replenishment of calories and nutrients, but it significantly affects the course of the disease. Aim: The aim of the research is to show that diet therapy plays an important role in the treatment of liver disease as a component for faster recovery of the liver and restoration of its normal function, as well as protecting the liver after overcoming the disease. Results: Among the respondents, there were 39 men (64%) and 22 women (36%) who had liver disease as a chronic condition. Most respondents are between 51 and 65 years old (28 and 46%, respectively), while the least number of respondents are in the 20 to 30 age group. The largest number of respondents cited alcohol as the cause of the disease, 31 of them (50.8%), while the virus was the cause of the disease in 15 respondents (24.5%). Of the total sample, most respondents answered that they sometimes (45.9%) or often (47.5%) overeat. The results of the questionnaire showed that 85.2% of the respondents were smokers before the diagnosis of the disease. In most respondents, the food they ate before diagnosis was moderately fatty (52.5%). Using chi-square tests, it was found that there are statistically significant differences in the consumption of almost all foods before the diagnosis of the disease and after the obtained dietary recommendations (p<0.05). Conclusions: The aim of the research was confirmed that diet therapy plays an important role in the treatment of liver disease as a component for faster recovery of the liver and restoration of its normal function, and after overcoming the disease it still protects the liver. The main purpose of creating a diet therapy program and plan proved to be significant and necessary because more than half of the respondents rated our advice as excellent. As most causes of liver disease can be prevented, it is necessary to work on familiarizing the population with risk factors, promote a healthy lifestyle and proper nutrition, and identify at-risk patients who must enter the monitoring system for early detection of liver disease.","PeriodicalId":94128,"journal":{"name":"Materia socio-medica","volume":"32 1","pages":"200 - 206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43584602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Knowledge of Nurses in Prevention of Hospital Infection in Hospital “Sheikh Zayed” Vushtrri","authors":"Mexhit Mustafa, Afërdita Lahu","doi":"10.5455/msm.2019.31.207-211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5455/msm.2019.31.207-211","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hospital infections are the major challenge of modern health care, and they are indicative of the quality of the services provided, a hospital or other health institution. Hospital infections also belong to gastric infections, which are the result of the mistakes of health workers during various diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Aim: This study deals with the research of knowledge, experiences, and the work of nurses and their interventions in the prevention of hospital infections in the Vushtrri regional hospital center. Material and Methods: We used dry Sterilization (exposure at 160 ° C for 120 minutes or 170 ° C for 60 minutes) which is considered less safe than the first method especially for some devices with many tubes, pits, etc. Ethylene oxide and formaldehyde are released from use for safety reasons with the emission of gases. Results: From the research conducted we found that about 70% of nursing staff have satisfactory knowledge of hospital infections and the role of nursing care in preventing hospital infections, while only 55% have sufficient knowledge about the ways of spreading hospital infections. Over 77% of respondents have sufficient knowledge about the measures and prevention of hospital infections. Conclusion: The reason why we have been researching this topic has to do with many interventions, applications, nursing procedures is a series of actions that can contribute both to prevention and to the appearance of hospital infections. For their definition around the world, definitions of hospital infections are used according to the Center for Disease Control (CDC) from Atlanta.","PeriodicalId":94128,"journal":{"name":"Materia socio-medica","volume":"31 1","pages":"207 - 211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46864334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}