Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Histological Properties of a Chemically Fixed Human Embryo Visualized with Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping.","authors":"Toru Shirai, Yasuhiko Terada, Katsumi Kose, Shigehito Yamada","doi":"10.2463/mrms.tn.2023-0149","DOIUrl":"10.2463/mrms.tn.2023-0149","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A chemically fixed Carnegie stage 23 (approximately 56 days of gestation) human embryo specimen was imaged using 3D spin-echo and gradient-echo sequences in a static magnetic field strength of 4.74T, and a quantitative susceptibility map was calculated using the 3D gradient-echo image. The acquired 3D microscopic images (90 μm cube voxel size) clarified the relationship between R₂ (transverse relaxation rate), R₂* (apparent transverse relaxation rate), and magnetic susceptibility in the heart, liver, kidney, and spinal cord. The results suggested that the R₂* and magnetic susceptibility in each tissue were probably due to paramagnetic iron ions originating from erythrocytes. The large R₂* (~130 s^-1) and magnetic susceptibility (~0.122 ppm) in the liver were attributed to its hemopoietic function. A large magnetic susceptibility (~0.116 ppm) was also observed in the spinal cord, but we conclude that more detailed future studies are needed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"262-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11996244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139992244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MR Imaging Features Predictive of Pathologic Complete Response and Survival Outcomes for Breast Cancer Patients Undergoing Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy.","authors":"Ahmet Bozer, Cengiz Yilmaz, Hülya Çetin Tunçez, Demet Kocatepe Çavdar, Zehra Hilal Adıbelli","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0137","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aims to evaluate the predictive value of MRI features for pathologic complete response (pCR) and survival outcomes in patients with breast cancer (BC) undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective analysis was conducted on 168 BC patients treated with NAC between 2018 and 2022. Pre-NAC breast MRI scans were evaluated for enhancement patterns, time-intensity curve (TIC), peritumoral edema, and background enhancement. Both pre- and post-NAC MRIs were assessed for Epeak %, mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) value, and ADC ratio (mean ADC of lesion/contralateral normal breast parenchyma). Survival outcomes were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>pCR was achieved in 34% of patients. MRI demonstrated a sensitivity of 74% and a specificity of 86% in predicting pCR, with an overall accuracy of 82%. The post-NAC percentage of initial peak enhancement (Epeak) was significantly lower in the pCR group (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis identified a pre-NAC Epeak ≤ 96 (hazard ratio [HR]: 6.26, P < 0.001) and a post-NAC Epeak > 188 (HR: 18.40, P < 0.001) as independent risk factors for disease-free survival. Additionally, a lower pre-NAC ADC ratio (≤0.65) was associated with poorer overall survival (HR: 2.8, P: 0.041). Pre-NAC peritumoral edema, background enhancement, and TIC were not significant predictors of survival outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MRI features, including Epeak % and ADC ratio, are important predictors of pCR and survival outcomes in BC patients undergoing NAC. Incorporating these biomarkers into clinical practice may improve treatment planning and optimize patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143639905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abbreviated and Ultrafast Dynamic Contrast-enhanced (DCE) MR Imaging.","authors":"Ken Yamaguchi, Kanto Ichinohe, Mizuki Iyadomi, Kazuya Fujiki, Yutaka Yoshinaga, Ryoko Egashira, Takahiko Nakazono","doi":"10.2463/mrms.rev.2024-0158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.rev.2024-0158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The early detection and treatment of breast cancer is extremely important for extending patients' outcomes. Breast MRI has high sensitivity for the detection of breast cancer and plays an important role in breast cancer diagnosis and treatment, but conventional dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI may be too time-consuming for breast cancer screening purposes. Abbreviated MRI is a technique that can be applied within a short time, as usually only the pre-contrast and first post-contrast images from the dynamic study or additional T2-weighted imaging are used. Abbreviated MRI may thus be suitable for breast cancer screening. In addition, its diagnostic performance for differentiating benign and malignant breast lesions is superior to that of breast tomosynthesis and comparable to that of conventional DCE MRI. The usefulness of abbreviated MRI for patients with a history of breast cancer and in clinical settings has been described, but the specificity of abbreviated DCE MRI is slightly lower than that of conventional DCE MRI. Ultrafast DCE MRI is a technique that obtains kinetic information by capturing multiple time phases in a short time scan in the very early phase after the injection of contrast material. Various parameters, including the maximum slope and time to enhancement can be used to evaluate kinetic information. Based on this kinetic information, ultrafast DCE MRI can differentiate between benign and malignant breast lesions. Since background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) is weak in the very early phase after a contrast media injection, ultrafast DCE MRI is also useful for identifying lesions in patients with marked BPE on conventional DCE MRI. In addition, ultrafast DCE MRI is useful for predicting the prognostic marker status of breast cancer, assessing the effectiveness of neoadjuvant therapy, examining MRI-detected lesions before surgery, and morphological assessments.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Endolymph Signal in Non-contrast Enhanced 3D-real IR Image Differs between the Ears with and without Significant Endolymphatic Hydrops.","authors":"Shinji Naganawa, Rintaro Ito, Mariko Kawamura, Toshiaki Taoka, Tadao Yoshida, Michihiko Sone","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To investigate whether significant differences exist in labyrinthine lymph fluid signal intensities on non-contrast-enhanced 3D real inversion recovery (3D-real IR) images between patients with and without significant endolymphatic hydrops (EH), potentially enabling the non-contrast detection of EH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-nine patients suspected of having EH underwent 3D-real IR MRI before and 4 hours after intravenous administration of a single dose of gadobutrol. Signal intensities of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), perilymph, and endolymph were manually measured on pre-contrast images using ROIs. Patients were categorized into 2 groups based on post-contrast imaging: those with significant EH and those without. Normalized signal intensities (nSIs) of the endolymph were calculated and compared between the groups using the Mann-Whitney U test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The nSIs of the vestibular endolymph on non-contrast 3D-real IR images were significantly lower in the group with significant EH compared to the group without EH (P  < 0.05), suggesting T1 prolongation in the vestibular endolymph of patients with significant EH. However, considerable overlap was observed in the nSIs between the 2 groups, and significant EH did not always result in T1 prolongation. No significant differences were found in the nSIs of the perilymph or CSF between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study suggests that T1 prolongation occurs in the vestibular endolymph in cases of significant EH. This finding indicates the potential for developing non-contrast MRI methods to detect EH and underscores the importance of understanding the mechanisms behind T1 changes in the endolymph. Further research with larger patient cohorts and inclusion of healthy control subjects is necessary to validate these results and to elucidate the pathophysiology of EH in Ménière's disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary Findings on Non-contrast Enhanced Positive Endolymph Images: Limited Delineation of Endolymphatic Space.","authors":"Shinji Naganawa, Rintaro Ito, Mariko Kawamura, Toshiaki Taoka, Tadao Yoshida, Michihiko Sone","doi":"10.2463/mrms.bc.2025-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.bc.2025-0005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A recently proposed non-contrast MRI technique for evaluating endolymphatic hydrops employs inversion recovery without T2-preparation and the subtraction of 2 inversion time images. However, our high-resolution non-contrast positive endolymph images (PEI) reveal inconsistencies in delineating the endolymphatic space, challenging this method's reliability. Comprehensive analysis is required to address the interplay among signal intensity, T1 relaxation times, and inversion efficiency within endolymphatic and perilymphatic spaces to establish its diagnostic accuracy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143569246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting Mastoid Extension and Complications such as Labyrinthine Fistula and Dural Exposure in Middle Ear Cholesteatoma Using Lesion Size and Detectability on Non-echo-planar Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging.","authors":"Akira Baba, Sho Kurihara, Satoshi Matsushima, Nobuhiro Ogino, Hideomi Yamauchi, Shun Kusada, Shinnosuke Tatedo, Saeko Kubomae, Takara Nakazawa, Masahiro Takahashi, Yuika Sakurai, Masaomi Motegi, Manabu Komori, Kazuhisa Yamamoto, Yutaka Yamamoto, Hiromi Kojima, Hiroya Ojiri","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0190","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>This study aimed to quantitatively evaluate whether non-echoplanar diffusion-weighted MRI (non-EP DWI) lesion size and detectability can predict mastoid extension and complications such as labyrinthine fistula and dural exposure in middle ear cholesteatoma.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study included 120 lesions with surgically confirmed middle ear cholesteatoma. Non-EP DWI was performed within 6 months preoperatively and evaluated for lesion detectability and size measurements, including maximum axial diameter, maximum axial area, and volume. Surgical findings were used to assess mastoid extension, labyrinthine fistula, and dural exposure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 120 lesions, 30 were undetectable and 90 were detectable on non-EP DWI. Undetectable lesions had significantly less mastoid extension or labyrinthine fistula compared to detectable lesions (P < 0.001 - P = 0.006). The undetectable finding on non-EP DWI for identifying mastoid extension-negative lesions showed a sensitivity of 0.59, specificity of 0.95, and for labyrinthine fistula-negative lesions showed a sensitivity of 0.29, specificity of 1.00. Among the 90 detectable lesions, all size parameters (maximum axial diameter, maximum axial area, and volume) were significantly larger in cases with positive mastoid extension and positive labyrinthine fistula compared to negative cases (P < 0.001 - P = 0.005). For dural exposure, the maximum axial diameter and maximum axial area were significantly larger in positive cases (P = 0.002), but volume did not differ significantly. Optimal diagnostic cut-off values were determined for mastoid extension (8.9 mm diameter and 56 mm² area, both with sensitivity 0.89 and specificity 0.97), labyrinthine fistula (82 mm² area, sensitivity 0.47, specificity 1.00), and dural exposure (14.3 mm diameter, sensitivity 0.59, specificity 0.87; 112 mm² area, sensitivity 0.68, specificity 0.73).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-EP DWI lesion size and detectability can predict important operative findings in middle ear cholesteatoma. Undetectable lesions on non-EP DWI indicate a lack of mastoid extension or labyrinthine fistula, while larger detectable lesions correlate with increased risks of extension and complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved Assessment of Juxtacortical Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis Using Highly-accelerated High-resolution Double Inversion Recovery MR Imaging with Deep Learning-based Reconstruction.","authors":"Tomohiro Shintaku, Satoru Ide, Haruka Nagaya, Yuka Ishimoto, Keita Watanabe, Kazuhiko Oyu, Sera Kasai, Yoshihito Umemura, Miho Sasaki, Kana Saito, Amo Ozawa, Atsushi Nozaki, Xucheng Zhu, Tetsuya Wakayama, Haruo Nishijima, Chieko Suzuki, Masahiko Tomiyama, Shingo Kakeda","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0126","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Recently, a novel deep learning (DL)-based technique for reconstructing highly undersampled MR data (DL-Speed, DLS) has been developed, which demonstrated superior performance over compressed sensing. This study aimed to achieve high-resolution double inversion recovery (DIR) imaging using DLS (DLS-DIR) and compare its diagnostic performance in the detection of juxtacortical multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions with that of conventional DIR (C-DIR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively analyzed MRI data from 25 patients with MS who underwent a comprehensive imaging protocol, including 3D fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR), C-DIR, and DLS-DIR. A voxel size of 1.3 × 1.3 × 1.4 mm³ with a scan duration of 3 mins 55s were used for C-DIR, and isotropic 0.7 mm voxels with a scan time of 4 mins 23s were employed for DLS-DIR. Two neuroradiologists assessed the juxtacortical MS lesions during 2 separate reading sessions (one with C-DIR and the other with DLS-DIR). Lesions were categorized as subcortical white matter lesions, intracortical lesions, or mixed lesions involving both subcortical white and gray matter. The lesion counts per region were compared between the imaging techniques using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>DLS-DIR detected a significantly higher number of juxtacortical MS lesions compared to C-DIR (Radiologist A: 211 lesions vs. 164 lesions; Radiologist B: 209 lesions vs. 157 lesions, P < 0.05). DLS-DIR also identified more intracortical lesions (Radiologist A: 22 additional lesions, Radiologist B: 34 additional lesions, P < 0.05) and more mixed lesions (Radiologist A: 46 additional lesions, Radiologist B: 42 additional lesions, P < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The DLS technology enables high-resolution, whole-brain DLS-DIR imaging within a 5 mins acquisition time, which can be seamlessly incorporated into routine clinical workflows. This approach substantially enhances the detection and evaluation of juxtacortical MS lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Deep Learning to Simultaneously Reduce Noise and Motion Artifacts in Brain MR Imaging.","authors":"Isao Muro, Tetsuro Isoiwa, Shuhei Shibukawa, Keisuke Usui, Yuhei Otsuka","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0098","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0098","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>To reduce motion artifacts (MA) and noise in brain MRI using deep learning to promote clinical utility.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>T1-weighted (T1W), T2-weighted (T2W), and fluid attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) images of the brain (including sagittal, coronal, and axial sections) of 20 healthy volunteers were collected using a 3.0T MR system. Simulated images with horizontal and vertical phase directions exhibiting varying white noise and MA (n = 115200) were created for each sequence and trained in deep learning (36000 pairs), validation (200 pairs), and testing (200 pairs, 2000 pairs) datasets. Images with MA and noise and images without MA and noise were included. A training model was constructed to remove noise and MA. The model's ability to remove noise and MA was evaluated by the structural similarity index (SSIM) and peek signal to noise ratio (PSNR). The SSIM and PSNR between the ground-truth and output images were calculated (SSIMout, PSNRout), and the SSIM and PSNR between the ground-truth and input images were calculated (SSIMinp, PSNRinp). The ratio of SSIMinp to SSIMout was then evaluated as the improvement ratio of SSIM (IMPRs) and the ratio of PSNRinp to PSNRout as the improvement ratio of PSNR (IMPRp). In addition, 10 radio technologists performed visual evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The SSIMout were >0.95 and 33 dB, respectively, for T1W, T2W, and FLAIR images with different contrasts. The mean value of SSIMinp was 0.72. Noise and MA removal effects were observed in images, with an average value of 72 dB. Visual evaluation revealed that the reduction effect in the output image was higher than that observed in the input image.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The method proposed herein, which uses separate training models for the T1W, T2W, and FLAIR sequences, is a valuable approach for removing MA and noise, independent of the imaging direction and artifact orientation. An improvement in image quality was achieved by generating a large amount of training data through simulation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143412130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MR Imaging Indices for Brain Interstitial Fluid Dynamics and the Effects of Orexin Antagonists on Sleep.","authors":"Toshiaki Taoka, Kunihiro Iwamoto, Seiko Miyata, Rintaro Ito, Rei Nakamichi, Toshiki Nakane, Ippei Okada, Kazushige Ichikawa, Hirohito Kan, Koji Kamagata, Junko Kikuta, Shigeki Aoki, Akihiro Fujimoto, Yuki Kogo, Nobuyasu Ichinose, Shinji Naganawa, Norio Ozaki","doi":"10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.mp.2024-0176","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which improvement in sleep with lemborexant contributed to changes in interstitial fluid dynamics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The 3 methods including diffusion tensor image analysis along the perivascular space (DTI-ALPS), dynamic contrast-enhanced method to assess tissue vascular permeability (Ktrans), and choroid plexus volume (CPV) were used. Correlations between these imaging indices and sleep parameters (latency to persistent sleep [LPS], wake after sleep onset [WASO], total sleep time [TST], and sleep efficiency [SE]) were evaluated using Pearson correlation analysis. Additionally, multiple regression analysis and linear mixed model analysis were employed to assess the relationship between baseline sleep status and imaging parameter changes. MRI and sleep assessments were performed before treatment initiation (week 0, w0) and at 12 weeks after lemborexant administration (week 12, w12).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ALPS-index was inversely correlated with LPS and positively correlated with TST and SE at w0. In multiple regression analysis, ALPS-index was lower when sleep parameters other than LPS were poor at w0. A linear mixed model analysis suggested that poor sleep status in LPS and SE at w0 may have an effect on greater ALPS-index. In the evaluation of Ktrans measurement, the single regression analysis showed a statistically significant correlation between the reduction in Ktrans and the shortening in LPS. Examination of CPV and sleep parameters showed a significant negative correlation between TST and CPV at w0 and w12. Multiple regression analysis also showed that TST of w12 had a significant effect on CPV at w12.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our results suggested that poor sleep status is related to the greater change of ALPS-index and CPV improvement after lemborexant administration may be related to in part to sleep parameter improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging: Current Applications, Insights from Screening, and Future Directions.","authors":"Nariya Cho","doi":"10.2463/mrms.rev.2024-0142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2463/mrms.rev.2024-0142","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast diffusion weighted MR imaging (DWI) is increasingly used, because it is fast and easy to be added in clinical protocol without contrast agent and provides information of cellularity or tissue microstructure. This review article explores the principles of breast DWI, the standardization of acquisition techniques, and its current clinical applications. We emphasize its role in differentiating benign from malignant lesions, reducing unnecessary biopsies, and discuss the evidence supporting DWI as a potential standalone screening tool. Prognostic indicators derived from DWI parameters and its utility in monitoring treatment responses are discussed. Finally, we look to the future, discussing emerging techniques. This review provides a comprehensive overview of breast DWI's current status and future potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":94126,"journal":{"name":"Magnetic resonance in medical sciences : MRMS : an official journal of Japan Society of Magnetic Resonance in Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}