Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP最新文献

{"title":"Clinical Study of Computed Tomography Angiography for Acute Cerebral Infarction.","authors":"Juan Wu, Jinyan Chen, di Ji","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.935","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.935","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Null.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 7","pages":"935-936"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation of HER2 Expression in Gastric Carcinoma with Clinicopathological Parameters in the Omani Population.","authors":"Asim Qureshi, Hana Al Julandana, Sara Al Barkhati, Ahmed Al Ghaithi, Asem Shalaby","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.929","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.929","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This retrospective study was conducted to determine the relation between human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) expression and the clinicopathological and prognostic characteristics of gastric cancer (GC) patients treated at the Department of Pathology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Oman. It included 49 patients diagnosed with GC and treated between 2018 and 2021. The positivity rate for HER2 was 24.4%, but no significant correlation was found between HER2 expression and tumour histological grade (p = 0.577), presence of metastasis (p = 0.935), or histopathological type (p = 0.531). Furthermore, there was no statistically significant difference in survival rates between patients who received Herceptin (immune-targeted therapy also known as trastuzumab) and those who did not, despite having positive HER2 expression (p = 0.826). No significant correlation was observed between the examined parameters and HER2 expression status. Key Words: Gastric cancer, HER2, Clinical, Pathological parameters.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 7","pages":"929-931"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-MOG Antibody Associated Disorders in Pakistan.","authors":"Tahira Mohammad, Arsalan Ahmad, Tahir Aziz Ahmed","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.913","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.913","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To present clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of patients who tested positive for anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies in the catchment Pakistani population.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Immunology and Neurology, Shifa International Hospital / Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, Islamabad, Pakistan, from January 2018 to December 2022.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A review of patients referred for anti-MOG antibody testing was conducted. Indirect immunofluorescence was used to analyse all samples on EU 90 cells transfected with MOG genes. Patients who tested positive for anti-MOG antibodies were included in the study. Patients' medical records and interviews were used to gather clinical data, as per the objective.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred and fourteen patients out of 740 were tested positive for anti-MOG antibodies. A total of 59 patients were included for final analysis, and 78 (68.4%) of the seropositive population were male, with a mean age of 24 years ± 15.8 years (range 4-59 years). The most frequent clinical presentation was visual impairment in 39/59 (66%) patients, followed by muscle weakness in 36/59 (61%) and headache in 30/59 (50%) patients. Treatment included intravenous methylprednisolone, oral prednisolone, plasma exchange, rituximab, intravenous immunoglobulins, azathioprine, mycophenolate mofetil, cyclophosphamide, and methotrexate.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The present study showed a higher percentage of males tested positive for anti-MOG antibodies. MOG-associated disorders can affect both children and adults. The most frequent clinical presentations of MOGAD in this study were visual impairment, followed by muscle weakness. The primary clinical phenotype identified was isolated transverse myelitis.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein, Optic neuritis, Myelitis, Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, Demyelinating disease, Autoimmune disorder.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 7","pages":"913-916"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dental Caries in Patients with Fluorosis among Local Population of Hyderabad.","authors":"Feroze Ali Kalhoro, Saima Yousif, Muhammad Muhtassim, Sarang Suresh, Priya Rani, Naresh Kumar","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.837","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.837","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the frequency of dental caries among individuals with dental fluorosis and to examine the relationship between fluorosis severity with the Thystrup-Fejerskov (TF) index and caries experience with the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A cross-sectional, observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Liaquat University of Medical and Health Sciences, Jamshoro, Pakistan, from October 2023 to December 2024.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A convenience sample of 165 participants, aged 10-40 years and living in Hyderabad, was recruited. Participants with a TF score >1 were included. Intra-oral examinations assessed dental caries using the WHO DMFT index and fluorosis using the TF index. Non-parametric methods and logistic regression were employed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Moderate fluorosis predominated (TF scores 3-4: 66%), while severe fluorosis (TF score = 6) was seen in only 2.4% of cases. Dental caries was highly prevalent, with 90.3% of subjects exhibiting DMFT >0. A weak positive association was seen between TF and DMFT scores (r = 0.147, p = 0.059), and significant differences in DMFT across TF groups were noted (χ² (4) = 19.260, p = 0.001). Logistic regression did not prove an independent association found between fluorosis severity and caries risk after adjusting for confounders.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Moderate fluorosis predominated among the participants and dental caries were highly prevalent, with 90.3% of subjects exhibiting DMFT scores greater than zero. There is no association between fluorosis severity and caries risk after adjusting for confounders.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Dental caries, Dental fluorosis, DMFT index.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 7","pages":"837-842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender-Based Dimorphism of Maxillary and Sphenoid Air Sinuses Via 3D Volumetric Segmentation of CBCT in a Sample of Egyptians.","authors":"Ehab Samir Ali Abuelola, Ola Mohamed Rehan, Hany Omar","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.843","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.843","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine gender in forensic odontology by volume calculation of maxillary and sphenoid sinuses via three-dimensional (3D) semi-automatic segmentation using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) datasets in a sample of Egyptians.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A cross-sectional descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt, from January to December 2024.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The study included 204 CBCT scans (102 males and 102 females) collected from the database of the study centre. Patients were divided into three age ranges: Group I (18-23 years), Group II (24-28 years), and Group III (>28 years). The maxillary sinus (MS) and sphenoid sinuses (SS) were segmented by MIMICS software. Associations with gender and age were analysed using the one-way ANOVA test. Correlation analysis was made using Spearman's rank-order correlation coefficient. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was then implemented for gender discrimination.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Maxillary sinus volume (MSV) and sphenoid sinus volume (SSV) were higher in males (p <0.05). For gender determination, the most discriminant parameter was left MSV, with an overall accuracy of 63.24%, that decreased to 62.25% when all evaluated sinuses were combined. No significant difference was detected in sinus volumes among different age groups. For age estimation, the right MSV and the average volume of all sinuses showed low overall accuracy, both at 36.80% which increased to 37.70% when all evaluated sinuses were combined.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Sphenoid and maxillary air sinuses may be used as valid anatomical landmarks for gender determination. More studies including larger sample sizes of different populations are necessary.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Forensic imaging, CBCT, Sphenoid air sinus, Maxillary air sinus, Gender discrimination.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 7","pages":"843-847"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Incisional Hernia Repair: Meta-Analysis on Laparoscopic and Open Surgical Repair.","authors":"Rosario Vecchio, Serena Scilletta, Eva Intagliata","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.886","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.886","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the benefits of laparoscopic surgery, routine laparoscopic treatment of incisional hernia remains controversial. The aim of this meta-analysis was to compare the outcomes after laparoscopic and open incisional hernia repair and to assess the advantages and limitations of these techniques. A literature search was performed from January 2006 to April 2022, using the PubMed and Scopus databases. Six randomised controlled trials, four prospective studies, and five retrospective studies were eligible; however, the meta-analysis was conducted only on the six randomised clinical trials. Laparoscopic repair was associated with a higher incidence of intraoperative complications (risk ratio calculated as open surgery/laparoscopy was 0.18 with a 95% CI from 0.06 to 0.055, p <0.05), whereas open surgery had a highly significant greater risk of surgical site infections (risk ratio calculated as open/laparoscopy was 4.47 with a 95% confidence interval from 2.16 to 9.25, p <0.001). Haematoma and seroma formation had the same rate of incidence after the two approaches. Most of the reviewed articles found a longer hospital stay in the open group, while operation time and time to oral intake did not show a significant difference between the techniques. Most of the reviewed articles suggested a higher risk of intraoperative complications in laparoscopic surgery and a lower risk of postoperative complications in laparoscopy. The recurrence rate was similar after the two approaches, but most of the studies had a short follow-up. Further studies with a longer follow-up are required. Key Words: Incisional hernia, Laparoscopic repair, Outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 7","pages":"886-891"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns in <em>Pseudomonas Aeruginosa</em> Isolated from Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media.","authors":"Sadaf Razzak, Muhammad Sohail, Fakhur Uddin, Muhammad Razzaq Dogar","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.866","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.866","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the frequency, antimicrobial susceptibility, and associated risk factors for Pseudomonas aeruginosa in chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) infections.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A cross-sectional, descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, in collaboration with Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre and Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan, from March 2022 to March 2023.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Ear discharge samples were collected from 302 patients diagnosed with CSOM. Demographics and previous clinical history of the patients were recorded. Microbial cultures were analysed to identify pathogens. CLSI (2022) guidelines were followed to test the antibiotic susceptibility of P. aeruginosa. The chi-square test was applied to assess associations between categorical variables, with a p-value of <0.05 considered as significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 302 patients, P. aeruginosa was isolated from 141 (46.7%) cases, while Staphylococcus aureus was obtained from 71 (19.29%) cases. P. aeruginosa not only appeared as a mono-microbial infection but also as co-infections with S. aureus. Antibiotic susceptibility testing revealed high resistance rates to piperacillin (46.1%), ceftazidime (35.5%), and cefepime (34.8%). Carbapenems were the most effective beta-lactams showing imipenem resistance (24.8%) and meropenem resistance (22%). The isolates showed no resistance to colistin.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>P. aeruginosa is a predominant pathogen in CSOM, exhibiting concerning resistance patterns to commonly used antibiotics and co-infection with other microorganisms. These findings underscore the importance of targeted antibiotic stewardship and tailored interventions to mitigate resistance and improve outcomes in CSOM management.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Antibiotics, Bacterial infections, Drug resistance, Otitis media, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 7","pages":"866-870"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical Treatment of Ischaemic Necrosis of the Second Metatarsal Head of the Right Foot: Part 1.","authors":"Yu Liu","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.941","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Null.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 7","pages":"941-942"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Postoperative Pain Using Endo-Activator <em>Vs</em>. Conventional Irrigation in Symptomatic Periapical Periodontitis: A Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Soha Pirzado, Syed Yawar Ali Abidi, Maham Muneeb Lone, Samira Adnan, Isma Sajjad, Jamshed Ahmed","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.830","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.830","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the frequency of pain after using endo-activator and conventional irrigation in patients presenting with symptomatic periapical periodontitis following endodontic treatment by means of a visual analogue scale (VAS).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Randomised clinical trial. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Sindh Institute of Oral Health Sciences, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan, from September 2023 to March 2024.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Sixty patients with symptomatic teeth requiring endodontic treatment were recruited by probability random sampling into two groups based on irrigation protocols used during endodontic treatment: Conventional needle and endo-activator irrigation system. The difference between intensity of pain in the two groups at various time intervals was assessed by Mann-Whitney U test. The postoperative pain of patients was recorded via a telephone call at 6 hours, 24 hours, and at 7th day on the visual analogue scale (VAS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Pain was higher in the conventional group as compared to the endo-activator group at 6 hours, 24 hours as well as at the 7th day (p <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The intensity and severity of postoperative pain occurring in patients presenting with symptomatic periapical periodontitis was significantly reduced by the use of endo-activator when used with 2.5% NaOCl seven days after single-visit endodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Conventional irrigation, Endo-activator, Postoperative pain, Symptomatic periapical periodontitis, Visual analogue scale.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 7","pages":"830-836"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intralesional Triamcinolone Alone <em>Vs</em>. Combined Platelet-Rich Plasma for Keloid Treatment.","authors":"Imtiaz Khan Afridi, Shah Fiaz, Aiman Wazir, Salma Noreen","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.922","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.07.922","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the efficacy of intralesional triamcinolone acetonide alone versus its combination with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in the treatment of keloids.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Dermatology, MTI-Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan, from March to September 2022.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Sixty patients with refractory keloids were enrolled and randomly assigned to two equal groups. Group A received intralesional triamcinolone acetonide (20 mg/mL) injections every three weeks for a total of four sessions. Group B received the same regimen of triamcinolone, supplemented with autologous PRP injections administered one week after each corticosteroid session. PRP was prepared using a two-step centrifugation technique and activated with calcium chloride before intralesional injection. Treatment response was assessed using the Vancouver scar scale (VSS) at 12 weeks. Data were analysed using SPSS version 23.0, with a p-value ≤0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Significant clinical improvement (≥50% VSS reduction) was observed in 86.7% of patients in Group B compared to 33.3% in Group A (p <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Combining intralesional triamcinolone acetonide with PRP is significantly more effective than corticosteroid monotherapy in the treatment of keloids.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Keloids, Intralesional triamcinolone acetonide, Platelet-rich plasma, Scar therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 7","pages":"922-925"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144556214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}