Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP最新文献

{"title":"Oxidative Balance Scores in Adults with Suicidal Ideation: A Nationwide Korean Survey.","authors":"Ki Dong Ko, Jaehyuck Lee, In Cheol Hwang, Hong Yup Ahn","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between oxidative balance (OB) scores and suicidal ideation among the Korean adults. Data from 17,753 adults with information on suicidal ideation and OB scores were analysed using four years of the nationwide survey. A stepwise multivariate logistic regression model was used to catch the factors associated with suicidal ideation, including depressive mood and OB scores. Approximately 5% of the participants had suicidal ideation. Low OB scores were significantly and independently associated with suicidal ideation, and this association was not influenced by depressive mood. In conclusion, oxidative imbalance was related to suicidal ideation, independent of depressive mood. Key Words: Depression, Oxidative stress, Population surveillance, Suicidal ideation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 3","pages":"390-392"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prognostic Significance of CD4+ Tumour Infiltrating Lymphocytes in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Receiving PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors Therapy.","authors":"Qi-Ming Zheng, Yuan-Yuan Li, Ye-Peng Wang, Guo-Xiang Li, Zhi-Gang Sun, Min Zhang","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.341","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.341","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CD4+ tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) have been found to produce a marked effect in anti-tumour immunity. In the present study, the authors explored the predictive value of CD4+ TILs in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) receiving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors therapy. The authors searched Cochrane, Embase, PubMed, and the Web of Science with a November 2023 deadline. This study followed the requirements of the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA). The data were analysed by Stata MP17.0 software. Endpoints included objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). In total, 13 studies ultimately met the inclusion criteria. Findings showed high levels of CD4+ TILs in tumour tissue were correlated with better ORR (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.15-2.76, p = 0.010) in NSCLC patients, rather than PFS (HR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.65-1.05, p = 0.11) and OS (HR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.69-1.09, p = 0.217). In addition, high levels of peripheral blood CD4+ T cells correlated with better PFS (HR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.46-0.94, p = 0.02), rather than OS (HR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.69-1.19, p = 0.461). The results demonstrated that high CD4+ TILs in tumour tissue can predict better ORR for NSCLC patients receiving PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, and high peripheral blood CD4+ T cells can predict better PFS. Key Words: CD4-positive T-lymphocytes, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, Non-small cell lung cancer, Peripheral blood, Prognosis, Tumour-infiltrating.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 3","pages":"341-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiological Response Assessment of Intracranial Meningioma after Cyberknife Stereotactic Radiosurgery.","authors":"Hania Siddiqui, Shaista Shaukat, Shazia Kadri, Kamran Saeed, Tariq Mehmood","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.274","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) with a cyberknife system on intracranial meningioma in terms of disease control / clinical outcome and radiological assessment according to the site and histological grading.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Cyberknife Department, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, Pakistan, from March 2023 to May 2024.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>The study comprised 196 patients, out of which 138 were preoperative and 58 were postoperative patients. Inclusion criteria were biopsy-proven patients or those confirmed via imaging having lesions either unsuitable for surgery or having residual disease after surgery. Patients with atypical features of meningioma / asymptomatic were excluded from the study. The 3D T1 contrast and FLAIR sequence were used for preoperative planning; BTFE sequence was also used in cases of CP angle meningioma. Mean radiation dosage 24.3 ± 23.0 Gy was used in 3-5 fractions. Following radiosurgery, all patients underwent six months of clinical and radiological follow-up with contrast-enhanced MRI of brain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of patients was found to be 47.25 ± 13.91 years (10-81 years). Female gender was more frequently reported (n = 126, 64.29%) as compared to males (n = 70, 35.71%). The right side of the brain was more involved than the left. The most common sites were cerebellopontine angles in 61 (31.1%). The most common symptom was headache in 84 (42.85%) patients. About 32 (16.32%) cases were biopsy-proven Grade I and 14 (7.14%) cases were Grade II, while the rest 150 (76.53%) were selected on imaging. On follow-up imaging, radiological findings on MRI showed that the disease was stable in 126 (65.0%) patients and reduced in 64 (33.0%) patients with no oedema.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study concluded that radiosurgery is a safe option for treating intracranial meningioma with a satisfactory radiological response and clinical improvement.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Intracranial meningioma, Radiosurgery, Magnetic resonance imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 3","pages":"274-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of Distal Sodium Channel Blocks in Managing Cervical Radiculopathy.","authors":"Saira Jilani, Maimuna Rashid, Hina Kanwal Shafaat, Syeda Sarah Naqvi, Tariq Mehmood, Syed Aoun Abbas Mehdi","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.302","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.302","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To find the effectiveness of distal sodium channel blocks (DSCB) in managing cervical radiculopathy.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Open-labelled single-group pilot study. Place and Duration of the Study: Pain Clinic of the Armed Forces Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from January to June 2022.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Patients with cervical radiculopathy with non-inflammatory pain, presenting within six months of disease onset, aged between 18-50 years, were included. Numerical rating scale (NRS) scores for pain were noted down at baseline and at 30 minutes, 24 hours, and 1 week post (DSCB). DSCB was performed at Alpha 1, Alpha 2, Alpha 3, and Alpha 4 using 2 ml of 2% plain lignocaine + 1 ml Kenacort + 7 ml distilled water = 10 ml solution of 0.4% lignocaine; 2.5 ml indicated at each of the four sites.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 30 patients, 13 (43.3%) were females and 17 (56.6%) were males. The mean age of patients was 43 ± 7.0 years. No serious procedural complications were noted except a few. Post-DSCB, follow-up was done for one week. A significant fall in NRS was observed at every visit. Results were statistically significant (p <0.001) when pre-NRS was compared with post-DSCB NRS at 30 minutes, 24 hours, and 1 week.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>DSCBs have become yet another reliable choice for pain management without the requirement for any particular environment. Even after one week of follow-up, the patients' NRS pain scores were significantly decreased.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Cervical radiculopathy, Epidural spinal injection, Pain management, Upper limb pain.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 3","pages":"302-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morgagni's Hernia and Duodenal Stenosis Found to Co-Exist in Children with Down's Syndrome: A Case Report.","authors":"Yixin Zhang, Qian Liu, Ruimin Liu","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.399","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.399","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Null.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 3","pages":"399-400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Burnout Among Pathology Residents in Pakistan.","authors":"Helen Mary Robert, Ahson Ahmed Khan, Humaira Tabassum, Shazia Nayyar, Samina Rehan, Quratulain Sareer","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the frequency of burnout among pathology residents and the drivers contributing to its development at a tertiary care centre.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Cross-sectional, descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, and Combined Military Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from September to October 2023.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>A total of 80 pathology residents participated in the study by submitting a self-reported questionnaire. The first part covered demographic and work-related factors, while the second part used a validated 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) assessing emotional exhaustion, depersonalisation, and personal achievement with Likert scores from 0 to 6.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 68% of residents were burned out, with 65% showing high emotional exhaustion (EE), 71% high depersonalisation (DP), and 69.4% low personal achievement (PA). Histopathology residents had the highest burnout rates. Cronbach's alpha scores confirmed the reliability of the EE (0.96), PA (0.90), and DP (0.74) scales.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>A high prevalence of burnout was observed among pathology residents in this study. Nationwide studies are required to understand, correlate, and formulate measures for preventing and managing it.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Burnout, Emotional exhaustion, Depersonalisation, Personal achievement, Pathology residents.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 3","pages":"382-386"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of CURB-65 and qSOFA Combined with Serum Markers and HRCT in Predicting Mortality in AIDS with Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia.","authors":"Sitong Wang, Yunlong Xue","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.292","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate and compare the clinical predictive value of the CURB-65 and qSOFA scores, combined with serum markers and HRCT scores, in assessing mortality risk in Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive analytical study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Youan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China, from January to December 2022.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Patients with AIDS and PJP were divided into two groups based on prognosis: Non-survivors (n = 35) and survivors (n = 85). Clinical data such as WBC count, CRP, PCT, CD4+ T lymphocyte count, and so on were collected. CURB-65, qSOFA, and HRCT scores were calculated. Independent risk factors for mortality were identified using logistic regression analysis, and their clinical predictive value was assessed using the area under the ROC curve (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The non-survivors group had longer mechanical ventilation duration, higher rate of tracheal intubation, WBC count, CRP, PCT, CURB-65 score, qSOFA score, and HRCT score, but lower CD4+ T lymphocyte count than the survivors group (p <0.05). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression identified WBC count 1.15 × 109/L, CURB-65 score (14), qSOFA score (11.02), and HRCT score (1.37) as independent risk factors for mortality in AIDS patients with PJP (p <0.05). ROC analysis showed that CURB-65 had better predictive value than qSOFA for individual indicators (p <0.001), and CURB-65 + HRCT + WBC outperformed qSOFA+ HRCT + WBC for combined indicators (p <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The combination of the CURB-65 score, HRCT score, and WBC count may effectively assess disease severity and mortality risk in AIDS patients with PJP.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, CURB-65 score and qSOFA score, Serum markers, HRCT score, Mortality prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 3","pages":"292-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fistulectomy and Primary Sphincteroplasty for Transsphincteric Fistula.","authors":"Ahmet Cihangir Emral, Merter Gulen, Bahadir Ege","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the results of patients treated with fistulectomy and primary sphincteroplasty for uncomplicated perianal fistula.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Medicana International Hospital affiliated with Atilim University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkiye, from January 2020 to September 2023.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>In this study, patients who were operated on for perianal fistula between 2020 and 2023 were retrospectively examined. Data were obtained retrospectively. All patients underwent preoperative perianal MRI. Clinical notes were evaluated with the Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score (CCIS) by physical examination. All patients were followed up on the first postoperative day, 1st week, 1st and 3rd postoperative months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 44 patients who underwent fistulectomy with primary sphincteroplasty were included in the study. Twenty-six patients (59.1%) had a history of perianal abscesses. It was observed that 34 (77.3%) of the patients had posterior, 7 (15.9%) anterior, and 3 (6.8%) lateral fistulas. A total of 3 patients (6.8%) were observed to have minor worsening in their incontinence scores. There was no statistically significant difference between the preoperative and postoperative 3rd month Cleveland Clinic Incontinence Score values of the patients (CCIS mean 1.6 vs. 1.7, respectively, p >0.05). Recurrence was observed in 1 patient (2.3%) during follow-ups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Fistulectomy with primary sphincteroplasty is an effective and reliable method to preserve anal continence and improve quality of life.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Fistulectomy, Sphincteroplasty, Perianal fistula, Continence, Perianal abscess.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 3","pages":"363-366"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Efficacy of Low-Level Light Therapy and Intense Pulsed Light Therapy in Patients with Dry Eyes.","authors":"Anam Hassan, Shagufta Parveen, Murtaza Sameen, Muhammad Aamir Arain, Muhammad Shahid, Teyyeb Azeem Janjua","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare the efficacy of low-level light therapy (LLLT) and intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy in the treatment of patients with dry eyes.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Quasi-experimental study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Ophthalmology, The Armed Forces Institute of Ophthalmology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from July to December 2022.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>There were 36 patients with dry eyes assigned to two groups receiving either the LLLT (Equinox >Eye machine) or IPL (E-Eye machine) therapy. They were given three sessions at 0th, 4th, and 6th weeks over a period of 6 weeks and the effects were noted. The parameters evaluated before the first session and two weeks after the last session included the OSDI questionnaire, non-invasive tear film break-up time, and the Meiboscore. Chi-square test (for qualitative variables) and paired sample t-test (for quantitative data variables) were applied, and a p-value of ≤0.05 was considered statistically significant. An independent sample t-test was conducted to evaluate the difference in the mean age of patients between the IPL and LLLT groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-five eyes from each group that were treated with IPL or LLLT were included in the analysis. OSDI and Meibomian gland disease (MGD) degree significantly decreased in both groups after treatment (p <0.001). Tear film break-up time increased in both groups after treatment (p <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>IPL and LLLT can be the latest treatment modality in treating Meibomian gland-related dry eye. IPL proved to have a significantly better efficacy compared to LLLT considering the improvement in OSDI, NIBUT, and Meiboscore.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Dry eyes, Intense pulse light therapy, Low-level light therapy, Meibomian gland disease, Ocular surface disease, Tear film break-up time.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 3","pages":"313-317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influential Determinants on Health-Related Quality of Life in Intensive Care Unit Survivors: A Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Limei Fan, Yingru Dou, Yu Liu, Yabin Nie, Juan du, Yunfeng Bao","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.335","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.03.335","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to identify the factors influencing the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in ICU survivors. The electronic search period was established until April 2023, using CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, CBM, PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane databases. Meta-analysis of data was performed using RevMan 5.4 and STATA 15.0 software. Of the 183 references screened, 12 studies with a total sample size of 19,517 were eventually included. The results showed that duration of mechanical ventilation (OR = 2.24), length of stay in ICU, and length of hospital stay were risk factors for lower quality of life in ICU survivors. Gender was not associated with the quality of life of ICU survivors. The relationship between age, complication count, and quality of life of ICU survivors was not clear. Depression score had a significant effect on the mental health score (MCS) of ICU survivors. Key Words: Intensive care unit (ICU), Survivors, Health-related quality of life (HRQoL), Risk factors, Meta-analysis, Systematic review.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 3","pages":"335-340"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143589027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}