Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP最新文献

{"title":"Cardiovascular Death Risk and Cardiovascular Risk Awareness in Individuals with Hypertension.","authors":"Kubra Karadag, Hilal Aksoy, Izzet Fidanci, Duygu Ayhan-Baser","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1334","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1334","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the cardiovascular death risk of individuals and awareness of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in individuals who had hypertension.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkiye, from October 2022 to March 2023.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation (SCORE) and Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation 2 (SCORE 2) risk models were used to estimate participants' CVD risk, and the Cardiovascular Disease Risk Awareness Assessment Scale (CDRAAS) was used to assess CVD risk awareness. Data were analysed using SPSS, version 23.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 231 participants, 64.5% (n = 149) were women in the study, and the mean age was 54.18 years. According to the SCORE 2 risk model, diastolic blood pressure was significantly higher in the high-risk group than in the very high-risk group. The mean CDRAAS score was 39.1 ± 5.57 (range, 15-52).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CVD risk awareness in society is not yet at the desired level. To increase awareness and early diagnosis in at-risk patients, family physicians should inform all their patients about CVD and routinely screen those at risk. To determine risk, the SCORE2 risk model is more sensitive and more convenient to use than the SCORE model.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Cardiovascular diseases, Risk factors, Hypertension, Awareness, Family practice, Noncommunicable diseases.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"36 10","pages":"1334-1339"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149140073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erector Spinae Plane Block at Two Volumes <em>vs.</em> Standard Analgesia for Retrograde Intrarenal Surgery: A Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Mustafa Turpcu, Omer Faruk Boran, Ayse Azak Bozan, Mehmet Kutlu Demirkol, Mahmut Arslan, Mustafa Metin","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1299","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1299","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate whether a T11 erector spinae plane block (ESPB) administered at two different volumes reduces postoperative tramadol consumption following retrograde intrarenal surgery (RIRS).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A randomised, single-blind controlled trial. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Urology, Kahramanmaras Sutcu Imam University Health Practice and Research Hospital, Kahramanmaras, Turkiye, between September 2023 and July 2024.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Sixty patients with American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status I-II, aged 18-65 years and undergoing RIRS, were randomised into three groups (n = 20 each): a control group (no block; intravenous tramadol 1 mg/kg), an ultrasound-guided erector spinae plane block (ESPB) group receiving 20 mL, and an ESPB group receiving 30 mL, all using 0.5% bupivacaine diluted to the volume. ESPB was performed preoperatively at T11 under ultrasound guidance. All patients received tramadol via patient-controlled analgesia. The primary outcome was 24-hour tramadol consumption. Secondary outcomes included visual analogue scale (VAS) scores, rescue analgesia, nausea/vomiting, and haemodynamics. Continuous variables were analysed using the Kruskal-Wallis test; categorical variables were analysed using the chi-square test (p <0.05).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Groups were comparable. Total tramadol consumption differed significantly among the groups (p <0.001). Post hoc analysis showed that both the ESPB-20 and ESPB-30 groups had significantly lower tramadol consumption than the control group, whereas no significant difference was observed between the ESPB groups. VAS scores, rescue analgesia, and adverse effects were similar. No complications occurred.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Preoperative T11 ESPB reduces opioid consumption after RIRS, with 20 mL appearing sufficient.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Erector spinae plane block, Retrograde intrarenal surgery, Postoperative pain, Tramadol, Regional anaesthesia.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"36 10","pages":"1299-1304"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149139396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of a Self-Developed Peritubular Leakage Collection Device for Abdominal Drain-Site Leakage: A Randomised Controlled Trial.","authors":"Yangmei Jin, Danfang Zhu, Feng Chi","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1254","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1254","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy of a self-developed peritubular leakage collection device (PLCD) for managing leakage around abdominal drainage tubes following abdominal surgery.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A randomised controlled trial. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Taizhou Hospital, Zhejiang University, Taizhou, China, from December 2024 to November 2025.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This study included 112 patients presenting with leakage around abdominal drainage tubes following abdominal surgery. All subjects were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to either the intervention group managed with PLCD or the control group treated with conventional gauze dressings. The primary outcome was peritubular discomfort score, while secondary outcomes included drainage tube indwelling duration, total and average daily dressing change frequency, total and average daily peritubular care costs, and the incidence of peritubular moisture-associated skin damage (MASD). Statistical analyses were carried out using SPSS version 22.0, and between- group differences were analysed using the t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The intervention group had significantly lower peritubular discomfort scores (p <0.001). There was no significant between- group difference in abdominal drainage tube indwelling duration. Both the total and average daily dressing change frequencies, as well as the total and average daily peritubular care costs, were markedly lower in the intervention group (all p <0.001). No peritubular MASD occurred in the intervention group, while four cases were noted in the control group (p = 0.118).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>PLCD can markedly alleviate peritubular discomfort, reduce dressing change frequency and peritubular care costs, and potentially prevent peritubular MASD. As an effective intervention for managing leakage around abdominal drainage tubes following abdominal surgery, PLCD may have potential for wider clinical application.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Peritubular leakage collection device, Abdominal surgery, Abdominal drainage tube, Peritubular leakage.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"36 10","pages":"1254-1259"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149140068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring Body Dysmorphic Disorder: A Cross-Sectional Survey.","authors":"Saadiya Siddiqui, Faria Altaf, Wajeiha Saeed, Ashba Nasir Cheema, Rashid Ali, Bushra Bashir","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This descriptive, quantitative cross-sectional survey aimed to determine the prevalence and explore different demographic characteristics of body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) among the Pakistani population. It was conducted at the Department of Dermatology, Ameer-ud-Din Medical College / Postgraduate Medical Institute / Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan, from May to October 2024. Participants completed a modified BDD questionnaire, including consent, screening, and demographic questions. Data were analysed using SPSS Version 25. The chi-square test was used to determine associations, with significance set at p <0.05. About 59.1% of participants met the BDD criteria. Most were either graduates (44%) or postgraduates (35.2%). More than half were single (50.8%), and 47.2% were unemployed. Some had mental health issues such as anxiety (11.4%), psychosis (9.3%), and depression (13%). BDD symptoms were higher in those who used social media more often. BDD was more common in females, single individuals, and those with higher education but financial dependence. This study shows that BDD is common in the Pakistani population seeking cosmetic care. Key Words: Body dysmorphic disorder, Questionnaire, Pakistani population, Cosmetic concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"36 10","pages":"1362-1365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149139578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Outcomes of Endoscopic Haematoma Evacuation in Hypertensive Intracerebral Haemorrhage: An Interventional Study.","authors":"Yuanwen Huang, Yanxia He","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1282","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the clinical outcomes and safety of endoscopic haematoma evacuation in patients with hypertensive intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>An interventional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Endoscopy, Dingxi No. 2 People's Hospital, Dingxi, China, from August 2024 to March 2026.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>One hundred and thirty adults with spontaneous hypertensive ICH underwent minimally invasive endoscopic haematoma evacuation. Preoperative and postoperative haematoma volumes were assessed using computed tomography. Neurological status was evaluated using the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS), and functional outcomes were assessed using the modified Rankin Scale (mRS). Normally distributed paired data were compared using the paired t-test, whereas non-normally distributed paired data were compared using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean haematoma volume decreased from 39.4 ± 11.4 mL preoperatively to 7.9 ± 4.5 mL postoperatively (p <0.001). The median GCS improved from 9.0 (IQR 7.0-11.0) to 12.0 (IQR 10.0-14.0; p <0.001). A favourable functional outcome (mRS 0-3) was observed in 93 (71.5%) patients. Ninety-four (72.3%) patients had no recorded postoperative complication; rebleeding occurred in 8 (6.2%), infection in 12 (9.2%), seizures in 8 (6.2%), and hydrocephalus in 8 (6.2%). The overall mortality was 16 (12.3%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Endoscopic haematoma evacuation was associated with substantial clot reduction and early neurological improvement in this selected cohort, with an acceptable complication profile. Controlled studies with longer follow-up are required to confirm comparative effectiveness.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Intracerebral haemorrhage, Endoscopic evacuation, Haematoma, Neurosurgery, Minimally invasive surgery.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"36 10","pages":"1282-1286"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149139808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Statistical Significance Imply Clinical Trustworthiness? Methodological Reflections on a Meta-Analysis of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation for Managing Postoperative Sleep Quality.","authors":"Fei-Yi Zhao, Li-Ping Yue, Qiang-Qiang Fu","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1366","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"36 10","pages":"1366-1367"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149140127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitisation to Common Environmental Respiratory Allergens in Karachi.","authors":"Hamna Hanif, Sabiha Anis, Saima Saeed, Mujahid Hussain, Asif Ali Arain, Sohail Akhtar","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1312","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To identify sensitisation to common environmental allergens among patients with allergic rhinitis and allergic asthma in Karachi and to assess the agreement between skin prick testing (SPT) and allergen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) immunoblotting.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Immunology, the Indus Hospital and Health Network, Karachi, Pakistan, from April to December 2025.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Sixty-four patients with allergic rhinitis and/or allergic asthma were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Participants underwent SPT. Wheals ≥3 mm larger than negative controls were considered positive. Serum allergen- specific IgE was measured using the Euroimmun immunoblot assay, with levels ≥0.35 kU/L considered indicative of sensitisation. Absolute eosinophil counts and total IgE levels were recorded. Data were analysed using SPSS version 21. Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were used to assess categorical variables, McNemar's test was used to compare paired positivity, and Cohen's kappa was used to assess agreement. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 64 patients (mean age, 31.1 ± 14.1 years; 32 [50.0%] females), 56.3% (n = 36) showed sensitisation to at least one allergen on SPT, compared with 68.8% (n = 44) on immunoblot. The most common allergens identified on SPT were raw cotton (18.8%, n = 12) and cannabis (17.2%, n = 11). Immunoblot showed sensitisation to Dermatophagoides (D.) pteronyssinus (28.1%, n = 18) and D. farinae (25.0%, n = 16), followed by weed pollens (mix 1) and German cockroach, each at 14.1% (n = 9). Eosinophilia was present in 18 (28.1%) patients, and high serum total IgE was observed in 26 (40.6%). The difference in overall positivity between the two methods was not statistically significant on McNemar's test (p = 0.115), while their agreement was fair (κ = 0.344; p = 0.004).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Respiratory allergy in Karachi is characterised by diverse patterns of sensitisation. Sensitisation to house dust mites is predominant, while sensitisation to raw cotton and cannabis reflects common local exposures. SPT and allergen-specific IgE immunoblot showed fair agreement but identified differing sensitisation profiles.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Allergic rhinitis, Allergic asthma, Skin prick test, Allergen-specific IgE, Immunoblot, Sensitisation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"36 10","pages":"1312-1317"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149139951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on the Efficacy and Safety of Methotrexate Administered by Oral and Subcutaneous Routes in Patients with Severe Psoriasis.","authors":"Nauman Ismat Butt","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1370","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p></p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"36 10","pages":"1370-1371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149140145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Early Recovery and Perioperative Outcomes of Spinal and General Anaesthesia in Single-Level Lumbar Microdiscectomy.","authors":"Mohammad Ishaq, Waseem Sajjad, Muhammad Naveed Khan, Syed Nasir Shah, Bahrul Amin Khan, Muhammad Kamil Khan","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1236","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1236","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare early recovery and perioperative outcomes in patients undergoing single-level lumbar microdiscectomy under spinal anaesthesia (SA) versus general anaesthesia (GA).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Teaching Institution, Mardan Medical Complex, Mardan, Pakistan, from November 2024 to October 2025.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This comparative study prospectively included 100 adults undergoing elective single-level lumbar microdiscectomy, with 50 patients in each group (SA and GA). The primary outcome was post-anaesthesia care unit (PACU) stay. Secondary outcomes included ambulation time, operative time, blood loss, postoperative pain, hospital stay, complications, readmission, and conversion from SA to GA. Data were analysed using the t-test, Welch's t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test, or Fisher's exact test, as appropriate.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One hundred patients were analysed. PACU stay was shorter in the SA group than in the GA group (39.78 ± 8.55 vs. 58.42 ± 11.79 minutes; p <0.001). On adjusted linear regression, GA remained independently associated with longer PACU stay (B = 18.29, 95% CI: 13.91 to 22.67; p <0.001). Time-to-first ambulation, operative time, estimated blood loss, postoperative pain, and postoperative hospital stay were also lower in the SA group. No statistically significant between-group differences were observed for urinary retention, dural tear, or 30-day readmission. Conversion from SA to GA occurred in 2 patients (4.0%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>SA was associated with faster early recovery than GA in patients undergoing single-level lumbar microdiscectomy, although the study was not adequately powered to make definitive safety comparisons.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Lumbar disc herniation, Lumbar microdiscectomy, Spinal anaesthesia, General anaesthesia, Post-anaesthesia care unit, Early recovery.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"36 10","pages":"1236-1241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149140134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mini-Mental State Examination Changes and Prediction of Cognitive Recovery after Stroke Following Cognitive-Motor Intervention.","authors":"Hu Chen, Jingyuan Lin","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1340","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2026.10.1340","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of cognitive-motor intervention on cognitive function in patients with stroke and explore predictive factors for clinically meaningful improvement.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>An observational study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Anshun People's Hospital, Guizhou, China, from January 2023 to June 2025.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Two hundred patients with cerebral infarction underwent a 3-week standardised programme combining structured cognitive training with motor exercises. MMSE scores were recorded at baseline and at 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Cognitive changes were analysed longitudinally using a linear mixed-effects model, and predictive models were tested for clinically meaningful improvement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>MMSE scores improved significantly over time, with the mean MMSE increasing from 22.3 at baseline to 26.3 at week 8 (p <0.001). The main effect of group was not significant (p = 0.165); however, a significant time × group interaction (p <0.001) indicated that patients in the TMS group exhibited more rapid and greater improvement than controls. In predictive modelling, the random forest (RF) model achieved the best overall performance, with an AUC of 0.758 and an F1-score of 0.716, outperforming the other algorithms. XGBoost showed relatively weaker performance, whereas SVM demonstrated a slight advantage in specificity.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Cognitive-motor intervention provides sustained cognitive benefits after stroke. RF modelling may assist in the early identification of patients with a high potential for recovery, thereby supporting individualised rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Stroke, Cognitive-motor intervention, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Mini-mental state examination, Machine learning, Rehabilitation, Neuroplasticity, Prediction.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"36 10","pages":"1340-1343"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149139646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}