Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP最新文献

{"title":"Role of Low Molecular Weight Heparin in Unexplained Recurrent Pregnancy Loss.","authors":"Rashida Parveen, Hajra Sultana, Aisha Siddiqa","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.717","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the effectiveness of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (URPL).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Open-labelled, single-centre, randomised controlled trial. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, DG Khan Hospital, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan, from June 2023 to December 2024.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>One hundred and seventy pregnant women aged 18-44 years with a gestational age exceeding 8 weeks and a history of three or more consecutive first-trimester pregnancy losses were randomly assigned to one of two groups using the sealed envelope lottery method. The LMWH group (n = 85) received a daily subcutaneous injection of 40 mg LMWH, while the placebo group (n = 85) was given a multivitamin tablet as a placebo. The primary outcome was assessed in terms of efficacy, defined as live births occurring after reaching 24 weeks of gestation. Secondary outcomes included both maternal and foetal health outcomes. Numeric data were compared by applying the Mann-Whitney U test, while categorical data were compared by employing the Chi-square test. For all inferential statistics, a value of p <0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In a total of 170 women, the median age was 32.00 (30.00-35.00) years. In the LMWH group, the proportion of live-births was 88.0% versus 73.4% in the placebo group (p = 0.019). It was found that the proportion of caesarean section was significantly higher among women of the LMWH group (72.6% vs. 51.7%, p = 0.014). The proportion of premature birth was significantly high in placebo group (25.9% vs. 9.6%, p = 0.013).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates that the LMWH is associated with a significantly higher live birth rate in women with RPL, without increasing the risk of adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Heparin, Gestational age, Low birth weight, Placebo, Pregnancy loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 6","pages":"717-721"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Outcomes and Long-Term Effects of Consolidative Radiotherapy in Paediatric Hodgkin's Lymphoma.","authors":"Syed Muhammad Jawad Zaidi, Rabia Muhammad Wali, Naila Inayat, Sadia Anjum","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.778","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.778","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the long-term effects and disease outcomes of consolidative radiotherapy in paediatric Hodgkin's lymphoma (PHL).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Paediatric Oncology, Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore, Pakistan, from March to November, 2023.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 91 PHL patients. All patients with the presence of residual disease on interim PET scan received radiation therapy. A standard dose of 19.8 Gy was given as 11 fractions, and boost was given to bulky disease as 10 Gy in 5 fractions. Data regarding patient demographics, disease characteristics, and treatment details were collected from the institutional database.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 91 patients, 73 (80.2%) were male and 18 (19.8%) were female. The overall mean age at presentation was 7.7 ± 3.3 years. High-risk disease was found in 81 (89%), while 44 (48.4%) had stage IV disease. Complete remission was achieved in 70 (76.9%), loss to follow-up in 11 (12.1%), disease progression/relapse in 4 (4.4%), and death during treatment in 6 (6.6%) patients. The five-year overall survival was 90%, and event-free survival was 76.9%. During treatment, a total of nine patients had moderate-to- severe left ventricular dysfunction, six patients had altered thyroid profiles (hypothyroidism), three developed pulmonary fibrosis, and one patient developed cerebellar ataxia.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>There is a good five-year overall and event-free survival. Cardio toxicity, hypothyroidism, and pulmonary fibrosis were common long-term chemotherapy / radiotherapy-related side effects. Prospective randomised controlled trial is needed to reduce dose of radiotherapy by giving it to PET-positive residual disease at the end of treatment rather than at mid-assessment.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Paediatric Hodgkin's lymphoma, Radiotherapy, Clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 6","pages":"778-783"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on Ozgungor et al.'s \"Albumin Levels as Prognostic Markers in ICU Mortality\".","authors":"Tianchen Lin, Jiannong Wu","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.803","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Null.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 6","pages":"803-804"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New Metric Classification System for Surgical Management of Retrosternal Goitres.","authors":"Hamid Mukhtar, Hira Zahid, Imran Mohib Khan, Saad Siddiqui, Bushra Haider, Shehzad Saeedullah","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.708","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.708","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To introduce a new metric classification system based on preoperative CT scans in the management of retrosternal thyroid pathologies.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Otolaryngology, Northwest General Hospital and Research Centre, Peshawar, Pakistan, from June 2017 to 2023.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Five hundred and eleven thyroidectomy cases were retrospectively reviewed, identifying 68 with retrosternal extension and 41 with preoperative CT scans showing retrosternal goitres (RSG). Using the thoracic inlet plane as a reference, a new metric-based classification system was developed and analysed, categorising RSG into three grades based on CT measurements. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25, and the association between RSG grades and the need for sternotomy was evaluated using the Chi-square test at 5% significance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 41 patients had retrosternal goitres (RSG), which were classified into three categories based on the length from the thoracic inlet on preoperative scans. Grade I represented RSG length of less than 3 cm (15/41) from the thoracic inlet. Grade II ranged from 3-6 cm (22/41), and Grade III exceeded 6 cm (4/41). Grade I RSGs were exclusively managed through a conventional cervical approach, whereas 31.8% of Grade II and 75% of Grade III cases required sternotomy.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This classification offers a simple, metric-based framework that uniquely predicts the likelihood of sternotomy, simplifying preoperative planning and improving surgical outcomes during retrosternal thyroid surgeries.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Classification, Goitre, Retrosternal, Sternotomy, Thyroidectomy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 6","pages":"708-711"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Success Rate of Direct Versus Indirect Sinus Lifting Techniques for Vertical Bone Augmentation in Patients with Maxillary Dental Implants.","authors":"Syed Ammar Yasir, Muhammad Ishaq, Sameen Naweed, Syed Junaid Hussain Bukhari, Tariq Mahmood, Muhammad Arham","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.774","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.774","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To compare direct and indirect sinus lifting techniques in patients getting implants in the maxillary molar region for parameters such as postoperative pain, swelling, gingival inflammation, implant stability, and patient comfort.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Analytical study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from 1st February to 1st November 2023.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Sixty patients fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included and divided into two groups, with 30 patients in each group; sinus lifting for implant placement was performed under local anaesthesia. In one group, sinus lifting was performed by the direct method, and in the other group by the indirect method. Postoperatively, patient comfort was recorded immediately after the procedure. Postoperative pain, swelling, and gingival inflammation were recorded on the 3rd and 5th day. Implant stability was recorded after three months.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Implant placement via indirect sinus lifting resulted in less postoperative pain, swelling, and gingival inflammation. This technique was more comfortable for the patients and provided more implant stability as compared to direct sinus lifting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>For implant placement in compromised ridge height in the maxillary molar region, indirect sinus lifting has better treatment outcomes when compared with direct sinus lifting in terms of postoperative pain, swelling, gingival inflammation, implant stability, and patient comfort.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Dental implant, Alveolar ridge resorption, Direct sinus lifting, Indirect sinus lifting, Bone augmentation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 6","pages":"774-777"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education.","authors":"Shilu Wang, Rongqing Geng, Rongguang Xu","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.793","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.793","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The application of generative artificial intelligence (GAI) in medical education and practice has garnered increasing attention, particularly its significant potential to enhance personalised learning and clinical training. This viewpoint explores the integration of GAI into medical education, analysing its advantages in disseminating medical knowledge, simulating case scenarios, and supporting clinical decision-making. Although GAI introduces innovative opportunities to medical education, its practical application also presents various challenges, such as model accuracy and ethical concerns. The viewpoint further discusses the potential impact of these challenges on the future of medical education and offers corresponding strategies and recommendations, providing valuable insights for educators and policymakers. By understanding the practical applications and limitations of GAI in the medical field, this viewpoint aims to lay a foundation for more effective use of GAI in medical education in the future. Key Words: Generative artificial intelligence, Large language model, Medical education.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 6","pages":"793-796"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259743","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of IV Labetalol on Cardiotocographic Changes in Severe Preeclampsia.","authors":"Samina Aliya Sabir, Farnaz Zahoor, Ghulam Abbas","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.789","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the impact of intravenous (IV) labetalol on cardiotocographic (CTG) findings in patients with severe preeclampsia and to determine its association, if any, with emergency caesarean section indications.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive case series. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lady Reading Hospital MTI, Peshawar, Pakistan, from August 2023 to January 2024.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Seventy-six pregnant women with severe preeclampsia (BP ≥160/110 mmHg) received IV labetalol for hypertension control, with continuous CTG monitoring for foetal well-being. Labetalol dosage, number of medicines administered, time to emergency caesarean, and CTG findings were recorded. Emergency caesarean sections were performed based on obstetric indications such as non-reassuring CTG or foetal distress, not due to labetalol administration. Data were analysed using SPSS version 23, with p <0.05 considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of the 76 patients, 68.4% (n = 52) had normal CTG findings, while 31.6% (n = 24) showed abnormalities. No significant association was found between labetalol dosage and CTG outcomes (p = 0.558). The mean time to emergency caesarean section was 10.07 ± 2.74 minutes, reflecting the clinical urgency in cases with foetal compromise rather than a direct effect of labetalol.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While IV labetalol is already widely recommended in guidelines, this study adds value by evaluating its impact on real- time foetal monitoring through CTG in a local clinical context. IV labetalol effectively controls blood pressure in severe preeclampsia without significantly affecting CTG findings, supporting its safety in managing maternal hypertension and foetal outcomes.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Preeclampsia, Hypertension, Labetalol, Cardiotocography, Foetal monitoring.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 6","pages":"789-792"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin C as a Serum Uric Acid Lowering Agent in Hyperuricaemia.","authors":"Iqra Siddiqui, Moosa Khan, Faiza Rehman, Maleeha Abbas, Shahnawaz Jamali","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.688","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.688","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the impact of Vitamin C supplementation compared to Allopurinol therapy on the modulation of serum uric acid levels in individuals diagnosed with hyperuricaemia.</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>A comparative analytical study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, in collaboration with the Department of Medicine and Rheumatology, Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan, from May to December, 2023.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>Eighty-six hyperuricaemic patients were enrolled and segregated equally into two groups. Group 1 received Allopurinol while Group 2 received Allopurinol plus Vitamin C. Serum uric acid levels at days 0, 30, and 60 were monitored for the serum uric acid-lowering effect of medicines. Frequency and percentages were presented for qualitative variables such as gender and age. An independent t-test was applied to compare the serum uric acid level at different intervals between both groups. A p-value equal to or less than <0.05 was considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Allopurinol Group's baseline serum uric acid level was 8.321 ± 0.097 mg/dl, and the baseline value of serum uric acid of Allopurinol plus Vitamin C was 8.547 ± 0.101 mg/dl. At day 60th, the mean serum uric acid level in the Allopurinol group was 7.524 ± 0.097 with p <0.001. In the Vitamin C plus Allopurinol group, the mean serum uric acid level was 6.371 ± 0.161 with a p-value <0.001. In the Allopurinol plus vitamin C group, the percentage reduction in serum uric acid level was more than 25.44% as compared to the Allopurinol group of 9.51%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Vitamin C used with Allopurinol as an adjunct therapy is a more potent pharmacological strategy for lowering blood uric acid levels in hyperuricaemic patients than alone.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Hyperuricaemia, Vitamin C, Allopurinol, Uric acid.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 6","pages":"688-692"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abnormal Brain Function in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Meta-Analysis of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging.","authors":"Xi Sun, Dongmei Fu, Yuting Mao, Zuanfang Li, Yinghong Lin, Jiaqiu Lin","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.761","DOIUrl":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.761","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This meta-analysis investigated the neurophysiological underpinnings of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by examining resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) profiles of SLE patients in comparison to healthy controls. Rs-fMRI studies up to November 10, 2022 were extracted from five principal databases: Medline, Web of Science, Embase, CNKI, and WanFang. The analysis included data from 13 distinct studies involving 934 participants. Applying the activation likelihood estimation (ALE) method, this study extracted coordinate data detailing functional disparities between the SLE cohort and controls. The findings indicated reduced activity in the right precentral gyrus (coordinates X = 26, Y = -6, Z = 72; ALE = 0.02155 and X = 26, Y = -18, Z = 68; ALE = 0.01767) and the right parahippocampal gyrus (X = 24, Y = -54, Z = 4; ALE = 0.01978). Conversely, increased activity was observed in the right middle frontal gyrus (X = 36, Y = 42, Z = 32; ALE = 0.01997) and the left lentiform nucleus (X = -18, Y = 14, Z = -8; ALE = 0.02057). These insights enhanced the understanding of the neurophysiological mechanisms in SLE, providing valuable information for diagnostic and therapeutic imaging strategies. Key Words: Systemic lupus erythematosus, Meta-analysis, Activation likelihood estimation, Resting-state, Functional magnetic resonance imaging.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 6","pages":"761-768"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TFF3 as a Potential Prognostic Biomarker in Myelodysplastic Syndrome and Acute Myeloid Leukaemia.","authors":"Huali Hu, Fahua Deng, Siqi Wang, Hai Huang, Tingting Lu, Sixi Wei","doi":"10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.735","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29271/jcpsp.2025.06.735","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore and validate the biomarker trefoil factor 3 (TFF3) of immune infiltration in myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukaemia (AML).</p><p><strong>Study design: </strong>Descriptive research. Place and Duration of the Study: Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China, from April to October 2023.</p><p><strong>Methodology: </strong>To screen for novel differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in MDS and AML, DEGs were obtained from the GEO database for bioinformatics analysis. Immune infiltration in MDS and AML datasets was investigated using the CIBERSORT algorithm. In addition, the PrognoScan database verified the correlation between immunity-associated DEGs and survival time and plotted the ROC curve. Finally, the expression of TFF3 in clinical peripheral blood samples and cell lines was verified by RT-qPCR, and the role of TFF3 in cell proliferation was analysed by CCK-8 assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-two common DEGs were identified: Twenty-seven downregulated and five upregulated. The immune infiltration investigation revealed that the development of AML may include γδT cells, activated CD4 memory T cells, monocytes, and neutrophils. K‒M survival curves and ROC curves showed that the low expression of an infiltration-related gene named TFF3 in MDS and AML was associated with poor prognosis, and the ROC curve showed better predictive performance. Finally, verification results by RT‒qPCR also demonstrated that TFF3 expression was decreased in MDS and AML, and the CCK-8 assay revealed that si-TFF3 could promote Kasumi-1 cell proliferation.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low expression of TFF3 is associated with poor prognosis and immune cell infiltration in MDS and AML, suggesting that TFF3 may serve as a potential biomarker in MDS and AML through immune regulation.</p><p><strong>Key words: </strong>Trefoil factor 3, Myelodysplastic syndrome, Acute myeloid leukaemia, Immune infiltration, Prognosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94116,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons--Pakistan : JCPSP","volume":"35 6","pages":"735-741"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}