Journal of public health (Oxford, England)最新文献_第3页

Chief medical officers in the United Kingdom: maintaining 'independence' inside government. 英国的医务长：在政府内部保持 "独立性"。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae278

Katherine E Smith, Anna Macintyre, Margaret MacAulay, Patrick Fafard

{"title":"Chief medical officers in the United Kingdom: maintaining 'independence' inside government.","authors":"Katherine E Smith, Anna Macintyre, Margaret MacAulay, Patrick Fafard","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae278","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The Chief Medical Officer (CMO), one of the UK's most senior public health leadership roles, was crucial in supporting policymakers in responding to COVID-19. Yet, there exist only a handful of (largely historical) accounts of the role in England. This article is the first to empirically examine how the scope, focus and boundaries of the CMO role vary over time across the four UK nations, including during public health emergencies.Methods: We undertook semi-structured interviews with 10 current and former CMOs/Deputy CMOs in the four UK nations and analysed relevant documents.Findings: The CMO role is not clearly defined in contemporary UK legislation and is instead shaped by iterative policies, incumbent preferences, and organizational needs, leading to variation over time and between nations. Nonetheless, most participants framed the role as primarily providing 'independent' advice to government despite being senior civil servants who, in communicating with the public, sometimes speak 'on behalf' of government.Conclusions: The flexibility of UK CMO roles allows for responsive adaption but poses risks for how well these roles are understood. A potential tension between providing 'independent' policy advice and a need to publicly communicate government policies and guidelines may be exacerbated in emergency contexts.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When love hurts: emotional labor and hidden strains of intimate partner violence in toxic relationships. 当爱受到伤害时：有毒关系中亲密伴侣暴力的情感劳动和隐性压力。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2024-10-29 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae280

Rosalia Dewi Nawantara, Laelatul Arofah, Dwi Sri Rahayu, Nila Zaimatus Septiana, Riza Amaliyah, M Akbar Husein Allsabah

引用次数: 0

Employment and mental health for adults on probation, 2002-2021. 2002-2021 年缓刑成年人的就业和心理健康情况。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae284

Maria Morrison, Audrey Hang Hai, Yohita Shraddha Bandaru, Christopher P Salas-Wright, Michael G Vaughn

{"title":"Employment and mental health for adults on probation, 2002-2021.","authors":"Maria Morrison, Audrey Hang Hai, Yohita Shraddha Bandaru, Christopher P Salas-Wright, Michael G Vaughn","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae284","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The 21st century has seen a decline in employment rates in the US at the same time that it has experienced a historically unprecedented rise in the numbers of adults under criminal justice system control. Both low employment and high incarceration have posed serious challenges for public health.Methods: Using data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health from 2002-2021, we estimated employment rates by community supervision status. Variations by sociodemographic subgroups were explored as well as correlations between employment and a range of mental and behavioural health variables.Results: Those on probation were twice as likely as those not to live in poverty. They experienced higher rates of poor mental and behavioural health, including three times the rate of substance use. Employment rates varied little by community supervision status. Health risk factors were associated with more risk and protective factors did less to mitigate risk for those under community supervision.Conclusions: Despite the range of adversities faced by individuals under criminal justice system control, their employment rates are remarkably close to those not. Despite near equivalent involvement in the labour force, this population has substantially poorer health and substantially reduced likelihood of escaping poverty.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142515438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strangers in our midst-migration from a public health perspective. 我们中间的陌生人--从公共卫生角度看移民问题。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae286

Premila Webster

引用次数: 0

Exploring the interplay between outdoor activity, sleep duration and myopia in Chinese children: implications for public health strategies. 探索中国儿童户外活动、睡眠时间与近视之间的相互作用：对公共卫生策略的启示。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2024-10-27 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae285

John Federick Yap, Leizel Yap

引用次数: 0

Collaborative public health in uncertain times: coproduction and participative planning in reducing inequalities. 不确定时期的公共卫生合作：减少不平等的共同生产和参与性规划。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae279

Andrew A Siguan

引用次数: 0

Sensitive personal health information, public trust, and biases in algorithmic decision-making: public health concerns in digital wellness. 敏感的个人健康信息、公众信任和算法决策中的偏见：数字健康中的公共卫生问题。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2024-10-26 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae164

Raup Padillah

引用次数: 0

Reevaluating the impact of intimate partner violence on reproductive health with a critical examination of underlying factors in Northeast India. 重新评估亲密伴侣暴力对生殖健康的影响，对印度东北部的潜在因素进行批判性研究。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2024-10-19 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae277

Betty Masruroh

引用次数: 0

Letter to editor: public response to Covid policies: diverse contextual influences correspondence: perceptions of COVID-19 vaccine side effects by political affiliation. 致编辑的信：公众对Covid政策的反应：不同背景的影响通信：不同政治派别对COVID-19疫苗副作用的看法。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae276

Ya-Ting Yang, Yi-Hsin Elsa Hsu, Wun-Ting Luo, Jan-Show Chu

引用次数: 0

Association between public health measures and the public's well-being during the pandemic: a nationwide Japanese study. 大流行病期间公共卫生措施与公众福祉之间的关系：日本全国性研究。

Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdae274

Toshiki Miwa, Hitoshi Honda, Akane Takamatsu, Takahiro Tabuchi, Kiyosu Taniguchi, Kenji Shibuya, Yasuharu Tokuda

{"title":"Association between public health measures and the public's well-being during the pandemic: a nationwide Japanese study.","authors":"Toshiki Miwa, Hitoshi Honda, Akane Takamatsu, Takahiro Tabuchi, Kiyosu Taniguchi, Kenji Shibuya, Yasuharu Tokuda","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae274","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdae274","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The present study aimed to investigate the association between the duration of anti-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) public health measures and the quality of life (QOL) and mental health of the Japanese public.Methods: The present, nationwide, questionnaire-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2021. The cumulative duration in days of anti-COVID-19 public health measures was calculated for each prefecture in the year prior to the survey, and multilevel linear regression analysis was used to determine the association between the duration of these measures and any impairment of QOL or mental health as assessed by the EuroQol 5-dimensions 5-levels (EQ-5D-5L) and the Kessler scale (K6).Results: The study included 28 118 participants from all 47 prefectures. The median duration of public health measures of all prefectures was 179 days. Long-term duration of the measures (181-365 days) was not independently associated with low EQ-5D-5L (P = 0.128) or high K6 (P = 0.179) scores after adjusting for potential confounders (Graphical Abstract).Conclusions: Prolongation of the measures may not be associated with a deterioration in the QOL or mental health of the Japanese public. Nevertheless, it may be necessary to reconsider long-term public health measures given the potential they may have to cause collateral damage, such as socioeconomic one.","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142396364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0