Journal of public health (Oxford, England)最新文献

{"title":"Association between Vitamin D and mortality risk in gout patients.","authors":"Xinyu Fang, Jie Zhang, Zixing Zhang, Dongqing Ye","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The correlation between gout patients' 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and their risk of all-cause mortality (ACM) and cardiovascular mortality (CVM) remains inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from 7337 gout patients enrolled in the UK Biobank were analyzed, with death data acquired via connection to national death registries. At baseline, serum 25(OH)D levels were measured. We utilized Cox proportional hazards regression to evaluate the correlations between serum 25(OH)D levels and mortality, and mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to explore causality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During 80 176 person-years of following up (median 11.4 years), 659 all-cause deaths were recorded, including 206 cardiovascular disease-related deaths. We found an L-shaped non-linear inverse connection (P non-linearity<0.05) between serum 25(OH)D levels and ACM and CVM with a cutoff value of 45 nmol/L. In contrast to gout patients with <45 nmol/L, those with 25(OH)D levels ≥45 nmol/L had a significantly decreased likelihood of ACM [Hazard Ratio (HR) 0.72; 95% confidence interval 0.61-0.86]. Nonlinear MR also confirmed the causal connection between sufficient 25(OH)D level threshold (≥50 nmol/L) and a reduced likelihood of ACM. Additionally, raising 25(OH)D over the deficiency thresholds (25 nmol/L) could also potentially mitigate CVM (P trend = 0.02).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Elevated serum 25(OH)D levels are associated with a reduced likelihood of death in gout patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143588801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations between neurodivergence, learning disabilities and metabolic syndrome risk: evidence from the Health Survey for England.","authors":"Nicola Shelton, Sofia Abdinor, Annemarie Lodder","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf027","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf027","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>A higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome conditions amongst individuals with learning disabilities is well established; however, there is mixed evidence for neurodivergent adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Health Survey for England data 2016-19 were analysed. N = 32 390, 728 with neurodivergent conditions and 1419 with learning disabilities. Diabetes was self-reported and physician-diagnosed. Hypertension was assessed through blood pressure readings or reported medication use. Obesity and overweight were measured objectively. Covariates included age, sex and ethnicity and physical activity (2017-18 subsample).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>An association between obesity and neurodivergence was found [relative risk ratio (RRR) = 1.64 95% CI = 1.54-1.76, P < 0.001]. The association with overweight was weaker. An association was found for diabetes (OR = 4.18, 95% CI = 3.82-4.57, P < 0.001) and hypertension (OR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.40-1.64, P = < 0.001).An association was found between obesity and learning disabilities (RRR = 1.70, 95% CI = 1.42-2.04, P = < 0.001) but not overweight. An association was found for diabetes (OR = 2.39, 95% CI = 2.01-2.85, P < 0.001) and hypertension (OR = 1.24, 95% CI = 1.02-1.50, P < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To mitigate metabolic syndrome risk, both adapting annual health checks available to adults with learning disabilities and adapting National Health Service weight management plans, to include neurodivergent adults is recommended.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143582421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing school-based delivery of HPV and other routine vaccines for adolescents with disability in specialist schools in Victoria, Australia: a co-design study.","authors":"Jane Tuckerman, Yasmin Mohamed, Frances Justice, Tove Andersson, Kerryann Wyatt, Kate Broun, Alice Bastable, Jessica Kaufman, Margie Danchin","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>To co-design strategies to improve school-based immunization service delivery for adolescents with disability in Victoria, Australia.</p><p><strong>Subject and methods: </strong>Co-design workshops with 15 stakeholders from six Victorian specialist schools. In two workshops, participants discussed findings from previous interviews (n = 32) and defined immunization challenges. Investigators thematically analysed discussions, prioritized ideas and produced prototype interventions. In a third workshop, prototyped interventions were discussed to elicit preferences and feedback. An advisory group was consulted prior to strategy finalization.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Multiple opportunities were identified to improve vaccine service delivery for adolescents in the specialist school setting. A fundamental challenge was to improve accessibility of parent information about the school immunization program and the vaccination pathway. Developing information resources and education modules about vaccination day could enable schools to prepare students. Finally, developing and implementing a clear vaccination pathway from consent to post-vaccination, incorporating the capacity to cater to individual student needs, will optimize the vaccination experience for these students.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This is the first study to co-design a proposed model of vaccine service delivery, with supporting resources, tailored to adolescents in special schools. Further work is needed to examine feasibility and acceptability of implementing and evaluating the service delivery model.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143574996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conceptualizing the effects of COVID-19 on eating and physical activity in people with type 2 diabetes and hypertension in Ecuador using the social ecological model.","authors":"I Benazizi-Dahbi, A L Torres-Castillo, C Caicedo-Montaño, M Puig-García, A Peralta-Chiriboga, M Hernández-Enríquez, M F Rivadeneira Guerrero, M Márquez-Figueroa, L A Parker, E Chilet-Rosell","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Our aim was to explore patients' perceptions of changes in diet and physical activity in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or arterial hypertension in two low-income districts of Ecuador.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We carried out a qualitative study of 19 telephone interviews in August-September 2020 with people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and/or arterial hypertension. Interviews were recorded, anonymized and transcribed verbatim for analysis using the social ecological model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Within the context of poor access to the health services, participants identified a lack of social policies to address food insecurity and income stability. Food insecurity was related to mobility restrictions and loss of income, particularly among vulnerable populations, such as migrants and women. Changing work environments influenced physical activity patterns and food availability. Family support was crucial to overcome economic shortfalls allowing for better eating habits. Despite recognizing overeating as detrimental to disease management, participants reported increased desire to binge eat due to emotional distress and anxiety.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The lack of social policies dealing with poverty and food insecurity during the pandemic made non-communicable disease self-care with physical activity and diet challenging for vulnerable populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143575020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suicide and suicidality surveillance in military populations: a scoping review.","authors":"S Hodges, A Ramage, C Meurk, E Heffernan","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf026","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Suicide and suicidality are a serious public health concern for military populations globally. Systematic surveillance is a key component to creating an evidence base for prevention strategies. The aim of this scoping review is to map how suicide and suicidality is surveilled in military populations, and to summarize key inclusions, limitations and gaps.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A scoping review of four databases (PubMed, PsychInfo, ProQuest and CINAHL) and a targeted grey literature search of official military websites using Google was conducted using variations of the search terms 'Suicidality,' 'Military' and 'Surveillance'. Sources that referenced systematic, population-level data collection on suicide and/or suicidality in active duty military personnel, written in English with any publication date, were considered. Sources that used veteran and part-time personnel data were excluded, as were sources that focused exclusively on subsets of the population such as one job role or one overseas deployment rotation. Descriptive analysis was conducted, comparing sources across surveillance type, data collection and usages, and limitations and author recommendations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Twenty-six articles were identified by the search criteria. Most sources were from the USA (n = 14), and publication dates ranged from 1968 to 2023. The most common surveillance systems were military mortality databases focused on death by suicide. Ideation, non-suicidal self-injury and suicide attempts were under-surveilled, as were event and outcome characteristics. Best-practice guidelines were unable to be determined due to the heterogeneity of systems and paucity of published details.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study was the first scoping review to map the application of surveillance systems specifically in military populations. We identified an over-reliance on mortality databases, a paucity of surveillance of non-fatal suicidality and opportunities for improvement including enhanced data collection and the integration of lived experience perspectives. The findings of this review contribute new knowledge to the field and have important research and practical implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143559748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical interventions as implemented in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic: a rapid review.","authors":"T Ashcroft, E McSwiggan, E Agyei-Manu, M Nundy, N Atkins, J R Kirkwood, M Ben Salem Machiri, V Vardhan, B Lee, E Kubat, S Ravishankar, P Krishan, U De Silva, E O Iyahen, J Rostron, A Zawiejska, K Ogarrio, M Harikar, S Chishty, D Mureyi, B Evans, D Duval, S Carville, S Brini, J Hill, M Qureshi, Z Simmons, I Lyell, T Kavoi, M Dozier, G Curry, J M Ordóñez-Mena, S de Lusignan, A Sheikh, E Theodoratou, R McQuillan","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf017","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Although non-pharmaceutical inventions (NPIs) were used globally to control the spread of COVID-19, their effectiveness remains uncertain. We aimed to assess the evidence on NPIs as implemented in the UK, to allow public health bodies to prepare for future pandemics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used rapid systematic methods (search date: January 2024) to identify, critically appraise and synthesize interventional, observational and modelling studies reporting on NPI effectiveness in the UK.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eighty-five modelling, nine observational and three interventional studies were included. Modelling studies had multiple quality issues; six of the 12 non-modelling studies were high quality. The best available evidence was for test and release strategies for case contacts (moderate certainty), which was suggestive of a protective effect. Although evidence for school-related NPIs and universal lockdown was also suggestive of a protective effect, this evidence was considered low certainty. Evidence certainty for the remaining NPIs was very low or inconclusive.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The validity and reliability of evidence on the effectiveness of NPIs as implemented in the UK during the COVID-19 pandemic is weak. To improve evidence generation and support decision-making during future pandemics or other public health emergencies, it is essential to build evaluation into the design of public health interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Levels of depression, anxiety, and stress among emerging adults in the Philippines: an exploratory spatial analysis.","authors":"Zypher Jude G Regencia, Vergel T Marteja, Emmanuel S Baja","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite the enactment of the mental health law, mental illness in the Philippines is the third most prevalent form of morbidity; hence, screening is warranted, especially among Filipino emerging adults. This exploratory spatial analysis study aimed to identify spatial clusters of depression, anxiety, and stress among Filipino emerging adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A convenience sampling online self-administered survey was used to collect data from 18 to 29 Filipinos (n = 2729) in the Philippines. The Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 was utilized to ascertain the participant's level of depression, anxiety, and stress. Coordinates were plotted with administrative boundaries and OpenStreetMap layer using the software ArcGIS, and clusters were evaluated using the Mapping Clusters-Hot Spot Analysis and Spatial Autocorrelation (Moran's I).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Results of mapping clusters regarding age group and sex showed that Pangasinan, Nueva Ecija, Tarlac, Pampanga, Bulacan, Rizal, Laguna, Cavite, and the National Capital Region in Luzon Island are considered hotspots for severe and extreme levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. These conditions were most prevalent among early emerging adults and females.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our study provided spatial locations of populations susceptible to mental health disorders, and these preliminary findings have implications for health policy and program expansion for mental health.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143560462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When tomorrow comes too late-the silent threat: why people delay needed medical care in Türkiye.","authors":"Süleyman Utku Uzun, Merve Akın","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae309","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae309","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare demand procrastination is a public health concern in Türkiye, with limited research available. This study examines the prevalence of healthcare procrastination and identifies associated factors among patients at Pamukkale University Hospital.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study was conducted from 2 to 13 February 2023 in Denizli and involved 503 patients from 15 outpatient clinics. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, healthcare utilization and procrastination behaviors were collected via a structured questionnaire, including the Healthcare Demand Procrastination Scale (HDPS). Descriptive statistics and linear regression were used for analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participants had a mean age of 41.46 years (±15.34), with 52.9% being female. A significant 77.3% reported delaying healthcare despite needing it. The primary reasons for delays were difficulty in getting appointments (51.5%), long waiting times (21.9%) and COVID-19 concerns (19.9%). The mean HDPS score was 2.29 ± 0.65, indicating moderate procrastination. Regression analysis revealed that younger age (≤35 years) and rural residence significantly predicted higher HDPS scores, whereas receiving health information from professionals was linked to lower procrastination.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Healthcare procrastination is common among patients in Türkiye, particularly among younger individuals and rural residents. Improving healthcare accessibility, reducing wait times and implementing targeted interventions are essential to mitigate this issue and enhance health outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"45-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rethinking mental health interventions: leveraging resilience and targeted solutions to combat food insecurity in adults with obesity.","authors":"Jose Eric M Lacsa","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae140","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae140","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e162-e163"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141753690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrating Dayak Ngaju culture: cross-paradigm practices in community healthcare services.","authors":"Dony Apriatama, M Ramli, Nur Hidayah, Tutut Chusniyah, Iwan Pranoto","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae107","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdae107","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"e138-e139"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141441274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}