Journal of public health (Oxford, England)最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Ethics of advancing racial health equity in public health.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdag070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149067013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Navigating dark kitchens in England: environmental health, planning, and public health perspectives.","authors":"Helen J Moore, Callum Bradford, Amelia Lake, Joanna Bielby, Emma Boyland, Heather Brown, Michael Chang, Daniel Clarkson, Jordan Duffy, Scott Lloyd, Laura More, Nick Shaw, Emma Tindall, Tim Townshend, Claire L O'Malley","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdag067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Dark kitchens, 'tech-enabled commercial kitchen(s) operating mostly for delivery, to fulfil remote on-demand consumer online orders of food for immediate consumption', are a global phenomenon. As part of a wider project exploring dark kitchens and the fast-moving online food environment, we aimed to identify how professionals working in England as Environmental Health Officers (EHOs) perceive, monitor, and inspect these businesses. We investigated public health concerns and impacts regarding dark kitchens and explored role(s) that Local Authority (LA) teams, local planning regulations, and national policy can play in regulating these businesses across England.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six semi-structured one-to-one interviews with EHOs and an interactive workshop with five key stakeholders from Local Government roles were held. An inductive, descriptive analysis approach was used within a critical realist framework.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Two over-arching themes were generated: 'Informal Awareness of dark kitchens', describing a limited recognition and lack of formal monitoring of dark kitchens; and 'Perceived Concerns and Solutions', highlighting potential hygiene issues, planning ambiguities, and calls for better communication within LAs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study highlights the need for rapid policy adaptation, improved data sharing, and cross-sector collaboration to address highlighted challenges in this sector.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149043038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Individualized breast cancer survival prediction in clinical practice: a SEER-derived interactive web tool integrating molecular and anatomical factors.","authors":"Mukesh Kumar, Atiqur Sm-Rahman, Atanu Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdag066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Accurate patient-level risk prediction supports treatment decisions in breast cancer. Using the U.S. Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry, we developed and internally validated an interactive web-based survival calculator integrating molecular and anatomical predictors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analysed 1 742 998 women diagnosed with breast cancer in SEER between 2010 and 2020, when human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) ascertainment was reliable. Predictors included age at diagnosis, HER2, oestrogen/progesterone receptor (ER/PR) status, and American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 6th-edition tumour, node, metastasis (TNM) staging. HER2 was recoded to separate equivocal from unknown/untested cases. A multivariable Cox model was fitted and assessed on a held-out 30% sample using discrimination and calibration. Robustness was evaluated using stratified Cox, Royston-Parmar flexible parametric, and restricted mean survival time (RMST) analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Discrimination was good (Harrell C-index 0.72; time-dependent area under the time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve 0.76-0.78 at 12-120 months) with close calibration. Older age, distant metastasis, advanced T stage, nodal involvement, and ER/PR-negative status independently increased mortality. HER2-positive disease showed lower risk, whereas equivocal and unknown HER2 had higher risk. Findings remained stable across sensitivity analyses; RMST showed ~ 61 fewer restricted-mean survival months for M1 disease.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The tool provides individualized survival probabilities from routine clinical and molecular inputs. It is prognostic, not predictive, and should complement rather than replace clinical judgement alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009080","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enduring inequalities in cancer care experience across England: a longitudinal analysis of NHS trusts, 2015-23.","authors":"Cheuk Him Michael Lam, Thomas Mason, Bruce Hollingsworth","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdag065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patient experience is a core indicator of cancer care quality in England, yet substantial variation persists across National Health Service (NHS) trusts. While waiting times and patient demographics are known to influence experience, it remains unclear whether these reflect changes within trusts over time or enduring inequalities betweenthem.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A nine-year panel dataset (2015-23) was constructed by linking Cancer Patient Experience Survey (CPES) scores with Cancer Waiting Times (CWT) metrics and patient demographics for over 140 NHS trusts. Associations were estimated using a hybrid within-between model, decomposing time-varying factors into within-trust and between-trust components. Sensitivity analyses tested alternative specifications.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Differences in patient experience were predominantly associated with between-trust variation, which could reflect underlying structural disparities. Within-trust changes over time, including system shocks during COVID-19, had limited influence. Waiting time performance showed modest and inconsistent associations, whereas demographic composition exhibited stronger and more systematic relationships. Trusts serving more disadvantaged populations, particularly with higher proportions of ethnic minorities, reported poorer experience across multiple domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Variation in cancer patient experience across NHS England largely reflects persistent disparities between trusts rather than short-term operational changes. Efforts to improve patient experience should prioritize addressing underlying population and system-level inequalities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148979091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of alcohol consumption patterns and binge drinking behaviours among working populations: implications for occupational health and workplace safety.","authors":"Ginevra Malta, Daniele Leonardi Vinci, Emanuele Cannizzaro, Francesca Vaccaro, Francesca Fiorella, Fabiana Plescia, Stella Cascioferro, Gianluca Lavanco, Fulvio Plescia","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdag064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Alcohol consumption and binge drinking (BD) are major public health concerns with clear implications for occupational health and workplace safety, particularly in physically demanding or safety-sensitive jobs. However, differences in alcohol-related risk across occupational groups remain insufficiently explored.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective observational study analyzed medical records from 1264 workers who underwent routine occupational health surveillance in Palermo, Italy, between 2023 and 2025. Participants were classified as white-collar workers (Work 1; n = 607) or blue-collar workers (Work 2; n = 657). Alcohol use was assessed with the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test Consumption (AUDIT-C) questionnaire, and participants were categorized as abstinent, low-risk, or at-risk drinkers according to sex-specific thresholds. BD was defined as consuming six or more standard drinks on one occasion.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Blue-collar workers showed higher AUDIT-C scores and were more likely to fall into higher alcohol-risk categories than white-collar workers. BD was reported by 43% of participants and was more frequent among blue-collar workers than white-collar workers (47% vs. 38%). Female sex, younger age, blue-collar occupation, and single marital status were independently associated with greater alcohol-related risk.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings suggest that occupational and sociodemographic factors jointly shape alcohol-risk patterns, supporting targeted, workplace-based, and gender-sensitive prevention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148979025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Increasing burden of multiple long-term conditions and mortality risk following COVID-19 diagnosis: a national cohort study of one million adults with cardiovascular disease in England.","authors":"Yogini V Chudasama, Sharmin Shabnam, Kamlesh Khunti, Cameron Razieh, Clare L Gillies, Nazrul Islam, Thomas Yates, Amitava Banerjee, Nathalie Conrad, Spiros Denaxas, Claire Lawson, Francesco Zaccardi","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdag062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD) experienced high mortality during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), yet most live with multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs). We examined the association between MLTCs burden and mortality following COVID-19 among people with CVD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this population-based cohort study, linked national electronic health records from England were analysed. Adults aged ≥18 years with CVD and a positive COVID-19 test between 31 January 2020 and 31 October 2022 were included. MLTCs burden was defined as the number of additional long-term conditions beyond CVD (0, 1, 2, or ≥3). One-year mortality was assessed using adjusted flexible parametric Royston-Parmar models.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In 1 081 695 individuals with CVD and COVID-19, 89.7% had at least one long-term condition (LTC) and 67.9% had two or more. Increasing MLTC burden showed a dose-response association with mortality. Compared to individuals without additional LTCs, mortality risk was doubled for those with one LTC (adjusted hazard ratio: 1.86, 95% CI: 1.76-1.96), tripled among those with two LTCs (3.00, 2.85-3.16), and five-fold higher in those with ≥3 LTCs (5.00, 4.75-5.27). Associations were consistent across CVD subtypes.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>MLTCs burden was a stronger determinant of mortality risk than CVD subtype alone. Findings support moving beyond single-disease models towards integrated, MLTC-informed care, and pandemic preparedness.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148908425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"School-based psychosocial interventions for refugee and conflict-affected adolescents in Middle Eastern countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Amani N Alansari, Amani Salim, Marwa Messaoud, Mohammed A Mahmoud, Hanan Youssif","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag057","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag057","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This study evaluated the effectiveness of school-based psychosocial interventions for conflict-affected adolescents in the Middle Eastern countries.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We searched PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science from inception to August 2025 for studies evaluating school-based interventions targeting mental health outcomes in refugee adolescents in Middle East. Eligible studies included randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, and pre-post intervention designs. Random-effects meta-analyses were conducted for single-arm (pre-post) and double-arm (intervention versus control) comparisons, using R programming for statistical analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Nine studies involving predominantly Syrian, Palestinian, and Afghan refugee adolescents met the inclusion criteria. Single-arm analyses demonstrated significant reductions in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms [mean raw score change (MRAW) = -7.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): -10.53 to -4.46], anxiety (MRAW = -9.33, 95% CI: -16.43 to -2.23), and emotional-behavioral difficulties (MRAW = -2.21, 95% CI: -3.20 to -1.22). Double-arm analyses showed significant effects for PTSD/stress [standardized mean difference (SMD) = -0.63, 95% CI: -1.26 to -0.001] and emotional-behavioral difficulties (SMD = -3.47, 95% CI: -6.55 to -0.40), but not for depression or anxiety when compared with controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>School-based psychosocial interventions demonstrate effectiveness in reducing trauma-related symptoms and improving emotional regulation among conflict-affected adolescents in Middle Eastern contexts, although substantial heterogeneity warrants cautious interpretation. While findings support their potential integration into humanitarian education programming, conclusions should be considered in light of variability in study design and populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"724-738"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148623353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geographic patterns in the prevalence of multiple neurodevelopmental disorders among children and adolescents in the United States: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Jialing Lin, Lanting Yang, Yujia Li, Michael Kidd","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag052","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag052","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To investigate the geographic distribution of multiple neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) across different US states.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from 2016 to 2023 National Survey of Children's Health, we estimated the prevalence and combinations of multiple NDDs (defined as having ≥2 NDDs) at the state level among 272 598 children and adolescents aged 3-17 years. We also reported state-level prevalence estimates and combinations stratified by sociodemographic characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participant numbers ranged from 4391 in the Nevada to 11 275 in California during 2016-2023. Over half were male (51.7%), with a mean age of 10.2 years (standard deviation: 4.5). The national multiple NDDs prevalence was 8.1% (95% Confidence Interval [CI]: 7.9%-8.3%), with Kentucky reporting the highest prevalence at 10.5% (95% CI: 9.3%-11.8%) across states. Stratified analyses by period, age groups, sex, ethnicity, country of birth, household income, insurance coverage, and family education levels consistently showed the highest prevalence in southern states such as Florida, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, New Hampshire, and Oklahoma. Across states, the most common multiple NDDs combination was attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder concurrent with learning disabilities (18.2%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Disparities in multiple NDDs prevalence were observed across US states. These state-level estimates can help decision-makers target programs and allocate resources to address community needs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"670-679"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531719/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148321287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predictors of COVID-19 vaccination status: a nationwide linkage study in Czechia.","authors":"Dagmar Dzúrová, Klára Benešová, Josef Bernard, Klára Hulíková Tesárková, Jiří Jarkovský, Lukáš Kahoun, Gabriela Kšiňanová, Jan Mužík, Pavlína Netrdová, Daniel Szabo, Martin Bobák","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag043","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The evidence on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine uptake in Central and Eastern Europe remains sparse. We examined predictors of COVID-19 vaccination status in Czechia, using linkage of multiple routine nationwide datasets on objective measures of both vaccination and its predictors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used linked administrative data on 6 398 768 individuals aged 26 and older alive on 31 December 2023. Individual-level data were linked across national registries from the Infectious Diseases Information System, National Health Information System, the National Registry of Reimbursed Health Services, and the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The prevalence of unvaccinated status was 22.4%; after multivariable adjustment it was associated with all examined characteristics (age, sex, comorbidity index, registration with a general practitioner (GP), socioeconomic status, unemployment, and district of residence). The prevalence of unvaccinated status among individuals defined by the lowest quintile of income receiving social benefits was 42.1%, and the multivariable adjusted odds ratio (OR) was 3.91 (95% CI 3.87-3.96) compared to the highest quintile; the adjusted OR among unemployed vs. employed subjects was 1.52 (95% CI 1.51-1.53). Higher morbidity index and being registered with a GP were associated with lower odds of unvaccinated status.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These results suggest substantial socioeconomic inequalities in objectively recorded vaccination status.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"644-651"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13531712/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148267668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antibiotic exposure and cancer risk: an umbrella review elucidating the direction of risk across 14 malignancies.","authors":"Tu Xu, Qing Xin, Jiacheng Li, Yiyan Pei, Zheran Liu, Xingchen Peng","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag051","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdag051","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Antibiotics are among the most frequently prescribed medications worldwide. However, previous studies have yielded inconsistent findings regarding the association between antibiotic exposure and the risk of various cancers, and the credibility of the available evidence remains uncertain.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted an umbrella review based on published meta-analyses and systematic reviews to evaluate the association between past or current antibiotic exposure and cancer risk. PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were searched from inception to November 2025. Pooled effect sizes were obtained utilizing random-effects models. The credibility of evidence was evaluated utilizing the GRADE framework. All analyses were analyzed utilizing the R package \"metaumbrella\".</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>10 articles encompassing 14 cancer types and 66 distinct associations were included. 9 associations were classified as highly suggestive evidence, 7 as suggestive evidence, and 21 as weak evidence. Among associations for which the evidence reached the highly suggestive level, antibiotic exposure was associated with increased risks of proximal colon cancer, pancreatic cancer, kidney cancer, and bladder cancer.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Antibiotic exposure may be related to cancer risk in a cancer type-specific manner. These findings provide a higher-level evidence synthesis to inform future research directions and hypothesis generation in this field.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"661-669"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148341605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}