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Tobacco cessation among dual users: analysis of two rounds of Global Adult Tobacco Survey, India. 双重使用者的戒烟:对两轮全球成人烟草调查的分析,印度。
Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-06-16 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf067
Shailendra Kumar, Nilesh Gawde, G K Mini
{"title":"Tobacco cessation among dual users: analysis of two rounds of Global Adult Tobacco Survey, India.","authors":"Shailendra Kumar, Nilesh Gawde, G K Mini","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf067","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The tobacco epidemic in India involves extensive use of smoking and smokeless tobacco products, with nearly 24 million dual users (using both forms) in 2016-17. Tobacco cessation among dual users remains underexplored. This study examines the pattern and determinants of tobacco cessation among dual users using the transtheoretical model.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data from two rounds of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey, India (2009-10 and 2016-17) were used (pooled sample of 6956 current dual users) to estimate the prevalence of tobacco cessation stages (precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, and relapse). We modelled association with cessation stages using multinomial logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>About 43% of dual users were in precontemplation, 10% in contemplation, 23% in preparation, and 24% in relapse in 2009-10. These proportions shifted to 48%, 8%, 17%, and 27%, respectively, in 2016-17. The regression model indicated significant temporal influence, with dual users in 2016-17 more likely to be in precontemplation [relative risk ratio (RRR): 1.59], contemplation (RRR: 1.37), and relapse (RRR: 1.88) than in 2009-10. Age, gender, wealth quintile, region, and exposure to tobacco-related health warnings were significant predictors.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Addressing dual tobacco use requires targeted cessation interventions that consider regional and contextual factors to support users through the stages of readiness to quit.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144304042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Stepwise approach to screen high-risk individuals using the non-laboratory-based and laboratory-based CVD risk scoring. 采用非实验室和实验室CVD风险评分逐步筛选高危人群。
Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-06-12 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf037
Noushin Fahimfar, Sareh Eghtesad, Hossein Poustchi, Karim Kohansal, Sadaf G Sepanlou, Afshin Ostovar, Ali Esmaeili-Nadimi, Ehsan Bahramali, Farhad Pourfarzi, Samad Ghaffari, Azim Nejatizadeh, Farhad Moradpour, Ali Mousavizadeh, Farahnaz Joukar, Saeid Bitaraf, Vahid Mohammadkarimi, Farid Najafi, Seyed Vahid Hosseini, Ali Gohari, Arsalan Khaledifar, Motahareh Kheradmand, Kamal Khademvatani, Mohammad Hasan Lotfi, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Reza Malekzadeh, Davood Khalili
{"title":"Stepwise approach to screen high-risk individuals using the non-laboratory-based and laboratory-based CVD risk scoring.","authors":"Noushin Fahimfar, Sareh Eghtesad, Hossein Poustchi, Karim Kohansal, Sadaf G Sepanlou, Afshin Ostovar, Ali Esmaeili-Nadimi, Ehsan Bahramali, Farhad Pourfarzi, Samad Ghaffari, Azim Nejatizadeh, Farhad Moradpour, Ali Mousavizadeh, Farahnaz Joukar, Saeid Bitaraf, Vahid Mohammadkarimi, Farid Najafi, Seyed Vahid Hosseini, Ali Gohari, Arsalan Khaledifar, Motahareh Kheradmand, Kamal Khademvatani, Mohammad Hasan Lotfi, Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam, Reza Malekzadeh, Davood Khalili","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf037","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We compared non-laboratory models' efficacy with standard laboratory-based model in identifying high-risk populations for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in resource-limited settings.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A national sample of 121 672 individuals aged 40-70 from the PERSIAN cohort was analyzed. Non-laboratory models, including the World Health Organization (WHO) and Iranian pooled-cohort CVD mortality models, were compared with the WHO laboratory-based model. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) were utilized. Sensitivity and specificity of non-laboratory models were evaluated against the laboratory-based one at various risk thresholds. The number of reduced tests in the stepwise approach was calculated considering the Iranian census.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Both non-laboratory and laboratory-based models showed similar trends in predicting CVD risks across age groups. Strong correlations and concordance were observed in both men (ICC: 94.4%, CCC:0.893) and women (ICC: 93.8%, CCC:0.883). Utilizing a 5% risk threshold for WHO non-laboratory and 2% for the Iranian pooled-cohort CVD mortality model as the initial step achieved high sensitivity (99.6%) and moderate specificity (52%) for identifying candidates for the second-step laboratory test. This approach effectively reduced the number of tests by 16 807 982.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Non-laboratory models, in a stepwise approach, offer a promising strategy to alleviate strain on financial resources and enhance healthcare system efficiency in resource-limited countries.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144277092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Social disparities in exposures to neighbourhood obesogenic built environments in Czechia. 捷克社区致肥胖建筑环境暴露的社会差异。
Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf065
Anna Bartoskova Polcrova, Thao Minh Lam, Hynek Pikhart, Jeroen Lakerveld
{"title":"Social disparities in exposures to neighbourhood obesogenic built environments in Czechia.","authors":"Anna Bartoskova Polcrova, Thao Minh Lam, Hynek Pikhart, Jeroen Lakerveld","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Exposure to the environments with limited walkability and high density of unhealthy food outlets promotes obesity development and might cluster in disadvantaged neighbourhoods. This study examines the combined obesogenicity of urban neighbourhoods in Brno, and related socio-economic disparities.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted in Brno, the second-largest city in Czechia. The obesogenic index was calculated from 12 components of built food and physical activity environments for each of the 296 basic settlement units (BSUs) of Brno. The index ranged from 0 (low obesogenicity) to 100 (high obesogenicity). The social disparities were assessed using linear regression. Spatial clustering was assessed using the global Moran's Index.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median obesogenic index score for Brno's 296 BSUs was 72.09 (IQR = 24.03), with higher scores in peripheral and industrial areas. Areas with higher proportion of people with university education had lower obesogenic scores of physical activity and overall obesogenic environment. Simultaneously, localities with higher unemployment exhibited lower obesogenic score in food and overall obesogenic environment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Areas with lower levels of obesogenicity were primarily concentrated in central locations. No clear socio-economic gradient was observed, although proportion of university-educated inhabitants and unemployment rates were both associated with lower obesogenic environment scores.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of community gathering place participation on nursing care needs and medical costs among the elderly. 社区聚会场所参与对老年人护理需求及医疗费用的影响。
Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf066
Kazuhiro Watanabe, Masaaki Yamada, Takashi Tatsuse, Michikazu Sekine
{"title":"Impact of community gathering place participation on nursing care needs and medical costs among the elderly.","authors":"Kazuhiro Watanabe, Masaaki Yamada, Takashi Tatsuse, Michikazu Sekine","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf066","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community gathering places (Kayoi-no-ba) have gained attention for their potential role in maintaining health and preventing nursing care needs among the elderly. This study aimed to analyse the relationship between participation in these gathering places and health outcomes, including new certifications for long-term care (LTC) needs and medical expenses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the National Health Insurance Database of Japan (KDB), 9382 residents aged 65 or older in a city in Japan, who were not certified for LTC in fiscal year 2019, were analysed from 2019 to 2022. The study examined the association between the frequency of participation in Kayoi-no-ba and health outcomes such as new certifications for LTC needs, medical expenses, and LTC benefit costs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The participation rate was 16.3%. Multivariate analysis revealed participants attending 100 or more times had a significantly lower risk of new LTC certification compared to non-participants (adjusted OR: 0.28, 95% CI: 0.14-0.59, P < 0.001). Higher frequency of participation was associated with lower LTC benefit costs (P = 0.009). No significant differences were found in medical expenses across participation frequency groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Regular participation in Kayoi-no-ba was associated with a lower risk of new certifications for LTC needs and reduced LTC benefit costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144251653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Association of social jetlag with cigarette smoking, smoking intensity, and quitting intentions among Korean workers. 社会时差与吸烟、吸烟强度和戒烟意向的关系
Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf062
Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon
{"title":"Association of social jetlag with cigarette smoking, smoking intensity, and quitting intentions among Korean workers.","authors":"Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In modern urban environments, individuals consistently encounter artificial light exposure, which disrupts their biological rhythms. This phenomenon contributes to social jetlag, where individuals experience a misalignment between biological and social rhythms. We explored the association between social jetlag and smoking behaviors in workers.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included Korean workers. Social jetlag was calculated as the difference in the mid-point between sleep onset and offset times on free days and workdays. Outcome variables were self-reported cigarette smoking status, cotinine-verified smoking intensity, and quitting intention among smokers. Urine cotinine-to-creatinine ratio was used to assess smoking intensity. Logistic regressions were used to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the sample, 12.0% had ≥120 min of social jetlag. Social jetlag of ≥120 min had a positive association with self-reported cigarette smoking (OR: 2.10, 95% CI: 1.73-2.55) and had a negative association with quitting intention (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.29-0.90) compared with social jetlag of 0-59 min. Social jetlag of ≥120 min was associated with both low- (OR: 2.08, 95% CI: 1.57-2.75) and high-intensity smoking (OR: 2.35, 95% CI: 1.79-3.08).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Social jetlag is positively associated with cigarette smoking, smoking intensity, while negatively associated with quitting intentions among current smokers.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Impact of local- and state-level tobacco control policies on prenatal smoking and birth outcomes in the United States, 2005-2018. 2005-2018年美国地方和州级烟草控制政策对产前吸烟和分娩结果的影响
Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf063
Summer S Hawkins, Yiqing Kuang, Christopher F Baum
{"title":"Impact of local- and state-level tobacco control policies on prenatal smoking and birth outcomes in the United States, 2005-2018.","authors":"Summer S Hawkins, Yiqing Kuang, Christopher F Baum","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The 2009 US Tobacco Control Act resulted in locally led policies to curb tobacco use. However, racial/ethnic and educational disparities in prenatal smoking persist and little is known about the effects of local laws.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using 2005-2018 National Center for Health Statistics county-level natality data on 39 089 766 singletons linked to state-level cigarette taxes and county-level tobacco 21 (T21) and smoke-free legislation, we conducted conditional mixed-process models to examine the effects of tobacco control policies on prenatal smoking, then on associated changes in birth outcomes. We included interactions between T21 laws and age, and between cigarette taxes, race/ethnicity, and education.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Non-Hispanic White women with a high school degree or less had the highest levels of prenatal smoking (23.0%-35.4%) and were the most responsive to cigarette taxes. Among non-Hispanic White women with 0-11 and 12 years of education, a $1.00 tax increase reduced prenatal smoking by 5.06 (95% CI: 6.99-3.12) and 2.04 (3.19-0.89) percentage points and increased birth weight by 7.74 (4.64-10.83) and 3.12 (1.32-4.92) g, respectively. County-level coverage of T21 laws and smoke-free legislation were associated with small reductions in prenatal smoking only.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>State-level cigarette taxes reduced educational disparities in prenatal smoking and improved birth outcomes among non-Hispanic White women.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chronic health conditions and school absence, exclusions, and non-enrolment: a cohort study using the Education and Child Health Insights from Linked Data database. 慢性健康状况与缺课、排斥和未入学:使用关联数据数据库中的教育和儿童健康见解的队列研究。
Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-06-02 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf064
Matthew A Jay, Ania Zylbersztejn, Lauren Herlitz, Jessica Deighton, Ruth Gilbert, Ruth Blackburn
{"title":"Chronic health conditions and school absence, exclusions, and non-enrolment: a cohort study using the Education and Child Health Insights from Linked Data database.","authors":"Matthew A Jay, Ania Zylbersztejn, Lauren Herlitz, Jessica Deighton, Ruth Gilbert, Ruth Blackburn","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdaf064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Policies to reduce school absence can place a burden on children with chronic health conditions (CHCs). Although estimates suggest > 25% of children in England have a CHC before age 16, there is limited evidence on extent of absence, exclusion, and non-enrolment from school among children with CHCs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used all-of-England inpatient data (Hospital Episode Statistics) to identify groups of adolescents with CHCs from age 5 to 15. Cohorts were born in 2000/01 to 2002/03. Data were linked to England's National Pupil Database for secondary school (age 11 to 16) persistent absence (>1 month missed/year), exclusion, and non-enrolment to examine rates of each outcome by CHC groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 1 456 361 children, 12.5% had a CHC from age 5 to 11, and 18.9% to age 16. Rates of persistent absence were higher among children with CHCs than unexposed peers (e.g. 25.9% compared to 14.7% aged 15/16), especially among those with mental health presentations (32.1%). Increased rates were found for exclusion and non-enrolment for children with CHCs. The percentage of absence recorded as health-related was lowest among children with externalizing presentations.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Approaches to improve school attendance should consider needs of children with CHCs, ensuring adequate support.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144210588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effectiveness of a theory-informed intervention to increase care home staff influenza vaccination rates: a cluster randomised controlled trial. 一项理论知情干预提高养老院工作人员流感疫苗接种率的有效性:一项聚类随机对照试验。
Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf023
David Wright, Jeanette Blacklock, Veronica Bion, Linda Birt, Allan Clark, Alys Wyn Griffiths, Cecile Guillard, Susan Stirling, Andy Jones, Richard Holland, Liz Jones, Thando Katangwe-Chigamba, Carys Seeley, Jennifer Pitcher, Helen Risebro, Sion Scott, Adam Wagner, Erika Sims, Saiqa Ahmed, Luke Cook, Amrish Patel
{"title":"Effectiveness of a theory-informed intervention to increase care home staff influenza vaccination rates: a cluster randomised controlled trial.","authors":"David Wright, Jeanette Blacklock, Veronica Bion, Linda Birt, Allan Clark, Alys Wyn Griffiths, Cecile Guillard, Susan Stirling, Andy Jones, Richard Holland, Liz Jones, Thando Katangwe-Chigamba, Carys Seeley, Jennifer Pitcher, Helen Risebro, Sion Scott, Adam Wagner, Erika Sims, Saiqa Ahmed, Luke Cook, Amrish Patel","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf023","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Care home staff's (CHS's) influenza vaccination rate in England is 30%-40%, below the 75% WHO recommendation. We describe the effectiveness of a theory-informed and feasibility-tested intervention (in-home clinics; posters/videos to address vaccination hesitancy and care home financial incentives for uptake) to improve CHS vaccination rates.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Recruited care homes in England with CHS vaccination rates <40% were randomised at the home level for intervention or control. Assuming a change in CHS vaccinated from 55% to 75%, 20% attrition, and 90% power, we required 39 homes per arm. Monthly data were collected throughout flu season. The difference in vaccination rates between the arms was compared using the intention-to-treat principle and a random effect logistic regression model.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>The mean % vaccination rate was 28.6% in control (n = 35) and 32.7% in intervention (n = 35) [odds ratio (OR) = 1.29, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.68-0.4, P = .435]. In a sub-analysis, including only homes receiving at least one clinic, control was 28.6% (n = 35) and intervention was 41.7% (n = 23) (OR = 2.08, 95% CI: 0.67-2.70, P = .045).</p><p><strong>Interpretation: </strong>No effect on vaccination status was demonstrated. Within homes receiving clinics, a significant increase was observed. Process evaluation evidence suggests that starting 3 months into the influenza season partially explains this. Further evaluation initiating FluCare earlier is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"246-257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12123319/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143757056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Centering equity through in-person data collection: short report. 通过面对面的数据收集来聚焦股权:短报告。
Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf016
Izza Zaidi, Leonardo Dominguez Gomez, Ashly E Jordan, Lauren Jessell, Alex Harocopos
{"title":"Centering equity through in-person data collection: short report.","authors":"Izza Zaidi, Leonardo Dominguez Gomez, Ashly E Jordan, Lauren Jessell, Alex Harocopos","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf016","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>During the COVID-19 pandemic, data collection activities largely became tele-remote, excluding those who did not have the required technology or digital literacy.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Between June and September 2020, we collected data in-person from people who use opioids in New York City. Participants were recruited via street intercept and outside four syringe service programs in the city. Surveys were conducted outdoors, with researchers and participants wearing masks and maintaining physical distance.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 329 people participated in the survey. Participants reported an average age of 45.8 years, 69.6% identified as male, 32.6% identified as Hispanic/Latino/a and 22.3% identified as Black. Many experienced unstable housing/street homelessness (65.9%) and half did not have regular smartphone access (51.1%).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Many participants were struggling to meet their basic needs and did not have the resources to participate in tele-remote research or surveillance. In-person engagement may help researchers build trust, explain data security measures, and decrease technology and comprehension barriers. As data inform policies and programs, researchers must center equity by including under-engaged groups in data collection activities.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"375-379"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143384537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interventions in primary care to increase uptake of adult vaccines: a systematic review. 在初级保健中采取干预措施以增加成人疫苗的吸收:一项系统评价。
Journal of public health (Oxford, England) Pub Date : 2025-05-29 DOI: 10.1093/pubmed/fdaf008
Stephanie G Wheeler, Lauren A Beste, Maryann K Overland, Pandora L Wander
{"title":"Interventions in primary care to increase uptake of adult vaccines: a systematic review.","authors":"Stephanie G Wheeler, Lauren A Beste, Maryann K Overland, Pandora L Wander","doi":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf008","DOIUrl":"10.1093/pubmed/fdaf008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>There is a significant gap in understanding which strategies effectively enhance vaccination rates for recommended adult vaccines in primary care settings. This review aimed to identify interventions in outpatient clinics that increase vaccination rates for commonly recommended adult vaccines and describe the change in vaccination rate associated with each intervention aimed at increasing vaccination rates in adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Systematic searches identified randomized, controlled trials aiming to increase the rate of vaccination in adults in outpatient clinics. Following PRISMA guidelines, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) were searched. Two reviewers independently extracted relevant data and assessed risk of bias. Meta-analysis was not done due to heterogeneity of data.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Forty-four RCTs met inclusion criteria. Clinician reminders to order vaccine increased vaccination 4%-32%. Electronic health record (EHR) prompts to patients or physicians increased vaccination 1%-16%. Bundled interventions increased vaccination 4%-42%, with more intensive interventions associated with higher increases. RCT of interventions involving face-to-face contact with patients increased vaccinations 6%-17%. Group outpatient visits increased vaccination 13%-17%, home visits 6%-17%, and physician or nurse recommendation 15%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Clinics may increase vaccination rates by reminding doctors to order vaccine, promoting face-to-face conversations about vaccination, and instituting bundled clinic process improvements. EHR prompts may be less effective.</p>","PeriodicalId":94107,"journal":{"name":"Journal of public health (Oxford, England)","volume":" ","pages":"222-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143461221","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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