Journal of postgraduate medicine最新文献_第4页

From bedside to journal: Writing high-quality case reports. 从病床到日志：撰写高质量的病例报告。

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Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-20 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_1036_25

C A Divecha, M S Tullu

引用次数: 0

Algorithmic sycophancy: A new source of systematic distortion in AI-driven biomedical research. 算法谄媚：人工智能驱动的生物医学研究中系统性扭曲的新来源。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-02 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_919_25

H Sharma, M Ruikar

{"title":"Algorithmic sycophancy: A new source of systematic distortion in AI-driven biomedical research.","authors":"H Sharma, M Ruikar","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_919_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_919_25","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Artificial intelligence (AI) systems based on Large Language Model (LLM) are becoming an increasingly important aspect of biomedical research, assisting with the tasks ranging from research design to data analysis and publication. Although AI systems increase productivity by cutting the time taken for individual tasks, they also expose their users to severe risk due to systematic distortion of outputs due to algorithmic sycophancy. The honesty of these AI systems is questionable, and can effortlessly crumble when user prompts are incorrect or when the system is under pressure. This viewpoint emphasizes the fundamental understanding of algorithmic sycophancy and the potential mechanism underlying it, which leads to systematic distortion of biological research. There is an important need to bring this issue to light in order to prevent systematic distortion of biomedical research through the cautious utilization of these LLM-based AI systems. Understanding this threat can also help to minimize the propagation of unreliable findings and literature, which pose a significant safety risk to biomedical research as a whole.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"23-27"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13105447/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147328479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Injection-site calcified granuloma: A silent complication of repeated intramuscular injections. 注射部位钙化肉芽肿：反复肌内注射的无症状并发症。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-16 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_888_25

R G Sawant, A S Lodha

引用次数: 0

Chyle leak following left axillary lymph node excision in an unusual case of isolated left axillary tuberculous lymphadenitis. 孤立性左腋窝结核性淋巴结炎罕见病例左腋窝淋巴结切除后乳糜漏。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-13 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_784_25

A S Girme, S B Chelani

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Economic burden of Duchenne muscular dystrophy from a societal perspective in Mumbai, India. 从印度孟买的社会视角看杜氏肌萎缩症的经济负担。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-16 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_716_25

S Antony, M Muranjan, N J Gogtay

{"title":"Economic burden of Duchenne muscular dystrophy from a societal perspective in Mumbai, India.","authors":"S Antony, M Muranjan, N J Gogtay","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_716_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_716_25","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Healthcare demands of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) impose a significant burden with the possibility of country-specific differences.Material and methods: Analysis to determine cost-of-illness from a societal perspective was performed by prevalence-based, bottom-up microcosting in 60 boys with DMD between July 2022 and January 2024. Direct (medical and nonmedical), indirect (productivity losses of caregivers) and intangible (cost of suffering monetized by willingness to pay method) costs were estimated. National burden was calculated using India-specific prevalence.Results: The cumulative annual cost for 60 patients was ₹ 23,987,323 (USD 290,157). The total median annual cost per patient was ₹ 268,325 (USD 3245). The national economic burden of DMD was ₹ 20,549,902,776 (248,577,510 USD). The highest cost driver of direct costs was expenditure on complementary and alternative medicines and unapproved therapies (₹ 8,549,790 or USD 103,420). Nature of therapy was a significant predictor of total, direct, and intangible costs ( P < 0.001, 0.003, and < 0.001, respectively). Residence in tier X city was a predictor for direct ( P = 0.042) and intangible costs ( P = 0.032). Residence in urban areas ( P = 0.022) and Mumbai ( P = 0.002) were significant predictors of intangible costs.Conclusions: Despite some limitations, the study provides directions for planning healthcare services for DMD in India by developing standard treatment guidelines, allocation of resources through national health schemes for carrier screening and prenatal diagnosis, promoting evidence-based therapeutic practices, and regulation to curb unscientific therapies. Baseline data are available to decide cost-effectiveness of public expenditure for disease-modifying drugs for DMD.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"6-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13105440/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147464455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Synchronous arch arterial occlusion - A clinical impasse? 同步弓动脉闭塞-临床僵局？

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-11 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_895_25

P Bhatia, P Vaideeswar, R D Patil, P B Iyer

引用次数: 0

6. The conundrum of regression, correlation, association, and agreement. 6. 回归、相关、关联和一致的难题。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-01 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_823_25

A Indrayan

引用次数: 0

Hidden burden of primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in pediatric febrile illness (0-12 years) - A retrospective study. 原发性eb病毒（EBV）感染在儿童发热性疾病（0-12岁）中的隐性负担——一项回顾性研究

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_792_25

A Panda, S Kumar, P Garg, S Sahu, M Matlani, D Nair

{"title":"Hidden burden of primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection in pediatric febrile illness (0-12 years) - A retrospective study.","authors":"A Panda, S Kumar, P Garg, S Sahu, M Matlani, D Nair","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_792_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_792_25","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is an underrecognized cause of pediatric febrile illness due to its clinical overlap with other viral infections such as dengue and cytomegalovirus (CMV). This study aimed to determine the burden of primary EBV infection among febrile children and to assess the diagnostic limitations of using viral capsid antigen (VCA)-IgM alone for its detection. We retrospectively analyzed 245 stored pediatric sera submitted for dengue, chikungunya, or toxoplasma, rubella, CMV, and herpes simplex virus (TORCH) IgM testing. EBV-specific antibodies like VCA-IgM, VCA-IgG, and Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA)-1 IgG were detected using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits. Primary EBV infection was defined as VCA-IgM positive with EBNA-1 IgG negative. Data were expressed as n (%) and compared using χ2 test. Primary EBV infection was detected in 9.8% (24/245) of cases, second only to dengue (42/245; 17.1%). Approximately one-third of VCA-IgM positive samples (12/36; 33%) represented false positives (FPs) due to cross-reactivity, primarily with dengue and CMV. VCA-IgM alone demonstrated 100% sensitivity but only 93.2% specificity. EBV infection was more common in infants, while dengue predominated in older children, though the difference was not statistically significant ( P = 0.081). Primary EBV infection constitutes a hidden yet significant cause of pediatric febrile illness. Reliance on VCA-IgM alone may lead to diagnostic errors; hence, a complete EBV serologic panel is essential to improve diagnostic accuracy and avoid misclassification.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"15-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13105443/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147367754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A rare case of xanthoma regression with thyroxine replacement in a young girl with overt hypothyroidism. 一例罕见的黄瘤消退与甲状腺素替代在一个年轻的女孩与明显的甲状腺功能减退。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-18 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_913_25

K Agrawal, S Kumar, S K Singh, M Khanuja

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of antibiotic consumption in Intensive Care Units of a teaching hospital based on defined daily dose metrics and WHO Access, Watch, Reserve classification framework. 基于限定日剂量指标和世卫组织获取、观察、储备分类框架的某教学医院重症监护病房抗生素消耗评估

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2025-10-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_628_25

B Thapa, S Datta, D K Sharma

{"title":"Evaluation of antibiotic consumption in Intensive Care Units of a teaching hospital based on defined daily dose metrics and WHO Access, Watch, Reserve classification framework.","authors":"B Thapa, S Datta, D K Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_628_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_628_25","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a global public health crisis. The WHO Global Action Plan and India's National Action Plan on AMR underscore the rational use of antibiotics in healthcare settings as a critical strategy for mitigating AMR. Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are high-risk environments for development of AMR. This study analyzes baseline antibiotic utilization data in ICUs by applying the defined daily dose (DDD) metrics in the context of the 'Access', 'Watch', 'Reserve' (AWaRe) classification framework.Materials and methods: This prospective observational study was conducted over a 12-month period. Data from patients prescribed antibacterials for systemic use during their stay in the medicine, surgery, and neurosurgery ICUs were included. Antibiotic utilization was analyzed using daily dose metrics and the WHO AWaRe framework.Results: Data from 359 eligible ICU patients were analyzed. The DU75% segment included 'Watch' category antibiotics, ceftriaxone, meropenem, and 'Access' category antibiotics, metronidazole and doxycycline. 'Watch' category antibiotics were used most frequently, with a cumulative DDD/100 patient days of 71.8. This was followed by the 'Access' category with a cumulative DDD/100 patient days of 48. The use of 'Watch' category antibiotics in the NSICU was significantly higher than in other ICUs ( P < 0.005, χ2 = 7.8). Antibiotics were used mostly for prophylaxis (59%), followed by empirical (28.4%) and definitive therapy (13%).Conclusions: The study demonstrates excessive use of 'Watch' antibiotics and a relative underuse of 'Access' agents in ICUs, emphasizing the scope for implementing robust stewardship measures including culture-guided de-escalation, formulary restriction of broad-spectrum agents, and implementing stringent surgical prophylaxis protocols.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"163-169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12753038/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145688647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0