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Primary central nervous system neuroblastoma mimicking a meningioma: A case report. 模仿脑膜瘤的原发性中枢神经系统神经母细胞瘤：病例报告
Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Epub Date: 2024-07-12 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_58_24
K Yadav, P K Sharma, D K Singh, V K Mishra
{"title":"Primary central nervous system neuroblastoma mimicking a meningioma: A case report.","authors":"K Yadav, P K Sharma, D K Singh, V K Mishra","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_58_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_58_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Neuroblastomas are the most common extracranial solid tumor in the pediatric age group (~8%-10% of childhood neoplasms). Most cases of intracranial neuroblastomas occur due to metastasis from some primary extracranial sites and are known as secondary neuroblastomas. However, the occurrence of primary central nervous system neuroblastomas (PCN-NB) is very rare, and only a few cases and case series have been reported in the literature. PCN-NB is mainly an intra-axial pathology, and extra-axial involvement is mainly due to metastasis from some extracranial primary site with involvement of the skull bone. Herein we report a case of a 23-year-old female having a large extra-axial space-occupying lesion in the right frontal region that was mimicking a meningioma, and surprisingly the histopathology was suggestive of a supratentorial neuroblastoma. A right frontal craniotomy was made, and Simpson's grade 1 excision of the tumor was done. The excised tissue was sent for histopathological examination. PCN-NB located extra-axially are extremely rare to occur. Due to inconsistent radiological imaging, it becomes very difficult to diagnose these tumors preoperatively, and these should be kept in mind as one of the differential diagnoses of extra-axial intracranial space-occupying lesions. Histopathological examination is crucial in diagnosing the intracranial neuroblastomas.</p>","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"178-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11458077/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141592499","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis with coexisting neurocysticercosis in an 11-year-old boy: An unusual occurrence. 一名 11 岁男孩的急性播散性脑脊髓炎并发神经囊虫病：一个不寻常的病例
Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_926_23
D. Rajiv, S Jain, S. Karande
{"title":"Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis with coexisting neurocysticercosis in an 11-year-old boy: An unusual occurrence.","authors":"D. Rajiv, S Jain, S. Karande","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_926_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_926_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":"20 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140658560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Large language models and the future of academic writing. 大语言模型与学术写作的未来。
Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-25 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_823_23
P. Nayak, N. Gogtay
{"title":"Large language models and the future of academic writing.","authors":"P. Nayak, N. Gogtay","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_823_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_823_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":"49 41","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140656700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bicarotid trunk and severe kinking of right common carotid artery presenting with large intracranial hemorrhage. 双颈动脉干和右侧颈总动脉严重扭结，伴有大面积颅内出血。
Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-23 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_891_23
S. J. Chen, S S Chang, N. H. Meng
{"title":"Bicarotid trunk and severe kinking of right common carotid artery presenting with large intracranial hemorrhage.","authors":"S. J. Chen, S S Chang, N. H. Meng","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_891_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_891_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":"27 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140672501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Periosteal reaction in jugular foramen secondary to ipsilateral internal jugular vein thrombosis. 同侧颈内静脉血栓继发颈静脉孔骨膜反应。
Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_763_23
P. V. Patil
{"title":"Periosteal reaction in jugular foramen secondary to ipsilateral internal jugular vein thrombosis.","authors":"P. V. Patil","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_763_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_763_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140688413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Use of ROC curve analysis for prediction gives fallacious results: Use predictivity-based indices. 使用 ROC 曲线分析进行预测会得出错误的结果：使用基于预测性的指数。
Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_753_23
A. Indrayan, R. K. Malhotra, M. Pawar
{"title":"Use of ROC curve analysis for prediction gives fallacious results: Use predictivity-based indices.","authors":"A. Indrayan, R. K. Malhotra, M. Pawar","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_753_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_753_23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000The area under the ROC curve is frequently used for assessing the predictive efficacy of a model, and the Youden index is commonly used to provide the optimal cut-off. Both are misleading tools for predictions. A ROC curve is drawn for the sensitivity of a quantitative test against its (1 - specificity) at different values of the test. Both sensitivity and specificity are retrospective in nature as these are indicators of correct classification of already known conditions. They are not indicators of future events and are not valid for predictions. Predictivity intimately depends on the prevalence which may be ignored by sensitivity and specificity. We explain this fallacy in detail and illustrate with several examples that the actual predictivity could differ greatly from the ROC curve-based predictivity reported by many authors. The predictive efficacy of a test or a model is best assessed by the percentage correctly predicted in a prospective framework. We propose predictivity-based ROC curves as tools for providing predictivities at varying prevalence in different populations. For optimal cut-off for prediction, in place of the Youden index, we propose a P-index where the sum of positive and negative predictivities is maximum after subtracting 1. To conclude, for correctly assessing adequacy of a prediction models, predictivity-based ROC curves should be used instead of the usual sensitivity-specificity-based ROC curves and the P-index should replace the Youden index.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" 14","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140687906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chronic arsenic poisoning: A sinister cause of peripheral neuropathy in a young couple. 慢性砷中毒：一对年轻夫妇周围神经病变的险恶原因。
Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_708_23
P. R. Prakash, A. Narayan, S. Jain, N. Wig
{"title":"Chronic arsenic poisoning: A sinister cause of peripheral neuropathy in a young couple.","authors":"P. R. Prakash, A. Narayan, S. Jain, N. Wig","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_708_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_708_23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000Arsenic compounds are colorless and odorless and toxicity can occur either acutely following ingestion of arsenicals with gastrointestinal disturbances or due to chronic exposure usually presenting with dermatologic lesions and peripheral neuropathy. We report a young couple who presented with signs and symptoms of painful sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy in a typical \"stocking and glove\" pattern. They had raised urinary arsenic levels with normal blood levels and thus, a diagnosis of chronic arsenic poisoning due to contaminated water intake was made after detecting elevated arsenic levels in their home water supply. Both patients underwent chelation therapy with dimercaprol for 14 days and reported subjective and objective improvement in symptoms with the reduction in urinary arsenic levels at the end of therapy.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140693329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Acute rheumatic fever and Takayasu arteritis - A synchronous co-occurrence. 急性风湿热和高安动脉炎--同步并发症。
Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_693_23
P. Vaideeswar, G. Sabnis
{"title":"Acute rheumatic fever and Takayasu arteritis - A synchronous co-occurrence.","authors":"P. Vaideeswar, G. Sabnis","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_693_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_693_23","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT\u0000Acute rheumatic fever and Takayasu arteritis are examples of autoimmune diseases that commonly affect the cardiovascular system. We report an infrequent co-occurrence of both these diseases in an adolescent male. It may appear that in some individuals, the rheumatic fever may act as a trigger for the development of large vessel vasculitis. This possibility should be considered in patients on follow-up if they develop fresh features of cardiovascular compromise despite appropriate medical, interventional, or surgical therapy for rheumatic heart disease.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140691764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Complete agenesis of dorsal pancreas: A rare cause of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 胰腺背侧完全缺失：胰岛素依赖型糖尿病的罕见病因。
Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-06 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_377_23
S Ray, K K Behera, T P Tripathy
{"title":"Complete agenesis of dorsal pancreas: A rare cause of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.","authors":"S Ray, K K Behera, T P Tripathy","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_377_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_377_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>We report a 16-year-old boy who presented with abdominal pain and severe hyperglycemia. His random blood glucose on admission was above 300 mg/dL, without ketosis. Urine examination revealed mild ketonuria. Renal function tests were normal. Antibodies to glutamate acid decarboxylase (anti-GAD) and islet tyrosine phosphatase 2 (anti-IA2) were negative. Findings on enhanced abdominal computed tomography scan were compatible with complete dorsal pancreatic agenesis. The body and tail of the pancreas were not visualized. Additionally, ectopic and malrotated left kidney was detected. Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography confirmed the absence of the dorsal pancreatic duct. The patient was treated with multiple subcutaneous insulin injections and attained good glycemic control. He is currently doing well on follow-up. The present case is a rare combination of complete agenesis of the dorsal pancreas with an ectopic, malrotated kidney. Clinical awareness of this rare association will help improve patient management.</p>","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"113-115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11160984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138815552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Status of oral anticoagulant use in a tertiary center in south India. 印度南部某三级医疗中心口服抗凝血剂的使用状况。
Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2024-04-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_569_23
S Gajbhiye
{"title":"Status of oral anticoagulant use in a tertiary center in south India.","authors":"S Gajbhiye","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_569_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_569_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"69-70"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11160980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138465260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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