Journal of postgraduate medicine最新文献_第2页

Diagnostic utility of the urine lipoarabinomannan assay for tuberculosis screening in patients with diabetes mellitus. 尿脂阿拉伯糖甘露聚糖测定在糖尿病患者肺结核筛查中的诊断价值。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-11 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_158_26

G Mariappan, P S Kumarasamy, C Balachander

{"title":"Diagnostic utility of the urine lipoarabinomannan assay for tuberculosis screening in patients with diabetes mellitus.","authors":"G Mariappan, P S Kumarasamy, C Balachander","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_158_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_158_26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Individuals with diabetes have a two- to four-fold increased risk of active tuberculosis (TB), and up to 30% of people with TB are more likely to have diabetes mellitus (DM). Commonly used methods for diagnosing TB include sputum smear microscopy, liquid culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) with drug susceptibility testing, tuberculin testing, interferon-γ release assay, lipoarabinomannan (LAM) lateral flow assay, and Xpert MTB/RIF. In this context, this study was conducted to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of the urine LAM assay in diagnosing TB in individuals with diabetes, as well as the agreement between urine LAM and sputum microscopy and cartridge-based nucleic acid amplification test (CBNAAT). A total of 61 patients with diabetes were included; two sputum samples were collected, one for microscopy and another for CBNAAT, and a urine sample was collected for the LAM assay. Of the 61 patients with diabetes, 47 (77%) were male and 14 (23%) were female. The mean age of the study population was 51.89 years. Of the 61 patients, 35 (57%) were positive by sputum microscopy, 39 (64%) by CBNAAT, and 36 (59%) by urine LAM assay. All patients who tested negative by CBNAAT also tested negative using the urine LAM assay and sputum microscopy, demonstrating complete consistency in results between these diagnostic methods for this subgroup. Hence, the urine LAM assay can be used as a screening test in patients who have difficulty providing sputum samples, as well as in patients with human immunodeficiency virus and pediatric patients.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"121-124"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557511/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148804128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

POEMS syndrome with atypical presentation: A rare case. 不典型表现的POEMS综合征：一例罕见病例。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-10 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_194_26

S Singhal, M M Bharath, R Verma, V K Paliwal

引用次数: 0

When enough is enough: Understanding saturation in qualitative research. 适可而止：理解定性研究中的饱和。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-10 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_392_26

H Sharma

{"title":"When enough is enough: Understanding saturation in qualitative research.","authors":"H Sharma","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_392_26","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_392_26","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: Despite its widespread use in qualitative research, saturation is often improperly stated or loosely used in the methods section and cited as a methodological checkbox to persuade editors and peer reviewers that research methodology is robust. This narrative review sheds light on this multifaceted concept, tracing its origin in grounded theory to its current, diluted applications across qualitative methodologies. Four conceptually distinct forms of saturation are synthesized: theoretical saturation, where researchers can no longer develop category properties due to lack of new data; inductive thematic saturation, where more data yield no new codes or themes; a priori thematic saturation, where sufficient examples exist for predefined categories in an existing theory; and data saturation, where new information merely restates what has already been heard, without offering new perspectives. Empirical evidence indicates saturation is often achieved within 9 to 17 In-Depth Interviews and 4 to 8 Focus Group Discussions, yet these are estimates, not fixed rules, and parameters such as study goals, population, and sampling strategy influence when saturation is reached. Most qualitative researchers stop data collection not because saturation is truly achieved but because of budgetary and time constraints. Saturation should not be regarded as a rigid universal rule but must align with the goals of the research, guiding, not dictating, qualitative inquiry. This review emphasizes defining saturation properly, aligning it with analytical and epistemological methods, and reporting it separately in the protocol and publication for transparency rather than retrofitting the label to satisfy editors and peer reviewers.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"130-134"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13557518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Acute liver failure beyond the liver: An unusual first presentation of occult breast carcinoma. 肝外急性肝衰竭：隐匿性乳腺癌不寻常的首发表现。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-08-18 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_195_26

J Ukken, R Malokar, D Pandey, P Rathi

引用次数: 0

A cross-sectional study on perceptions and barriers regarding therapeutic drug monitoring services in a tertiary care hospital. 一项关于三级护理医院治疗药物监测服务的认知和障碍的横断面研究。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-11 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_807_25

S Gajbhiye, A Poomali, C Chindhalore, G Dakhale, A Battina

{"title":"A cross-sectional study on perceptions and barriers regarding therapeutic drug monitoring services in a tertiary care hospital.","authors":"S Gajbhiye, A Poomali, C Chindhalore, G Dakhale, A Battina","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_807_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_807_25","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: The study aimed to assess clinicians' perceptions regarding therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM), including perceived need, lacunae, extent of utilization, and barriers to TDM services in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Nagpur. We conducted a cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study among clinicians directly involved in patient care after obtaining institutional ethics committee approval. Clinicians were approached to obtain written or electronic consent. The questionnaire consisted of 18 structured, close-ended questions. Responses were collected using a three-point Likert scale, yes/no, or multiple-choice questions. The questionnaire demonstrated good reliability, with a Cohen's kappa index of 0.7, a scale-level content validity index of 0.82, and a Pearson's r value of 0.9 on test-retest reliability. The study included 75 clinicians. Among the total participants, only 36% ( n = 27) reported prior use of TDM services in clinical practice; 93.33% ( n = 70) agreed that TDM can be used to optimize drug exposure, and 96% ( n = 72) agreed that pharmacokinetic parameters are affected by concomitant medications and that TDM may prevent adverse drug reaction (ADR). Overall, 56% ( n = 42/75) reported a moderate level of awareness regarding TDM. Major barriers included limited awareness among clinicians (58.66%, n = 44), lack of practical experience (68%, n = 51), and lack of facilities (60%, n = 45). The findings of the present study highlight the need for the implementation of TDM services. While awareness regarding the role of TDM in optimizing drug exposure and preventing ADRs was high, important gaps were noted in the utilization of services, highlighting the need to facilitate education for healthcare professionals and to develop clear, evidence-based clinical guidelines to overcome the observed gaps.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"75-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13390944/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148261019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Squamous cell carcinoma presenting as anterior mediastinal mass with bilateral massive chylothorax in a young male. 年轻男性鳞状细胞癌表现为前纵隔肿块伴双侧巨大乳糜胸。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-21 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_684_25

K Rawat, S Ravindran, M Mishra, P K Rathod

引用次数: 0

From clinic to microscope: A study of clinicopathological concordance in 5000 skin biopsies from a tertiary care center. 从临床到显微镜：来自三级医疗中心的5000例皮肤活检的临床病理一致性研究。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-11 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_613_25

S Singh, A Thirumalaiswamy, V Kharkar, S Mahajan, R Joshi, S M Sharath

{"title":"From clinic to microscope: A study of clinicopathological concordance in 5000 skin biopsies from a tertiary care center.","authors":"S Singh, A Thirumalaiswamy, V Kharkar, S Mahajan, R Joshi, S M Sharath","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_613_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_613_25","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Skin, hair, and nail diseases can greatly impact psychosocial well-being, making an accurate diagnosis essential. Skin biopsies are a key diagnostic tool in dermatology, aiding in identifying and distinguishing various skin conditions. This study was done to determine the spectrum of diseases requiring skin biopsy and the level of clinicopathological concordance.Materials and methods: We retrospectively reviewed 5000 skin biopsy records at a tertiary care center over 2 years. Data included demographics, biopsy sites, lesion morphology, clinical indications, and histopathological diagnoses. The Chi-square test assessed the concordance between clinical and histopathological findings ( P < 0.05).Results: Of 5000 biopsies, 56.2% were from males, with peak incidence in the 35-40 age group. The most biopsied sites were the lower limb (22%), with plaques being the most common lesion morphology (37.9%). Papulosquamous disorders (24.7%) were the leading indication, particularly Lichenoid dermatitis (9.6%), followed by cutaneous infections (14.7%), mainly mycobacterial (9.2%). Lichen planus (6.2%) and psoriasis (4.5%) were the most frequent histopathological diagnoses. Overall, clinicopathological concordance was 86%, with 50.6% full and 35.4% partial concordance. Variability in concordance rates was seen across disease categories.Conclusion: Skin biopsy plays a vital role in diagnosing dermatological conditions, with an 86% concordance rate. Variability across conditions highlights the importance of clinicopathological correlation and careful clinical evaluation.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"56-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13390951/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148261021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Leveraging immersive technology with virtual emulation for training of nonmedico combatants: A randomized controlled trial. 利用身临其境的虚拟仿真技术训练非医务战斗员：一项随机对照试验。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-15 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_861_25

R K Maurya, R Tripathi, H Singh, R Bhadre

{"title":"Leveraging immersive technology with virtual emulation for training of nonmedico combatants: A randomized controlled trial.","authors":"R K Maurya, R Tripathi, H Singh, R Bhadre","doi":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_861_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_861_25","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract: To explore the potential of virtual reality (VR) as a training tool for basic life support (BLS) and other emergency procedures to achieve higher levels of knowledge in the cognitive, psychomotor, and affective domains. Sixty trainees, divided into two groups of thirty each, were trained first using conventional methods, followed by VR devices, and then crossed over in this randomized crossover trial. Data indicators included a pre-validated set of thirty-one mixed response questions administered via Google Forms and a checklist of twelve parameters. Assessment was performed using \"Direct observation of procedural skills\" at four time periods, at T0 (before training), T1 (post-completion of training with the conventional or immersive technique), T2 (post-completion of training with the immersive or conventional technique), and T3 (post-three months of last training with either the conventional or immersive technique). Inferential statistics were performed using the Chi-square test for categorical variables and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for continuous variables. Intra-group comparison revealed a significant difference from T0 to T3 for all parameters in groups I and II, except for the \"compression depth\" parameter in group I. Inter-group comparison at T0 and T3 revealed no statistically significant difference between the two techniques. Overall satisfaction levels from T0 to T3 in both groups revealed an increasing learning preference for the VR method (46.6%-73.3% in group I and 50%-80% in group II). Immersive teaching-learning methods using VR provided a scalable and consistent learning experience, highlighting its utility for BLS training in remote or resource-constrained environments. Trainees' preferences and VR's ability to foster a desired teaching-learning environment are promising signs, warranting exploration of its long-term synergistic impact with other immersive teaching-learning methods.","PeriodicalId":94105,"journal":{"name":"Journal of postgraduate medicine","volume":" ","pages":"68-74"},"PeriodicalIF":1.2,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13390949/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148261031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cryptogenic multifocal ulcerative stenosing enteritis: A challenging masquerader with a simple endoscopic rescue. 隐源性多灶性溃疡性狭窄性肠炎：一个具有挑战性的假面病与简单的内窥镜救援。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-21 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_881_25

J Ukken, H Gandhi, S Jain, P Rathi

引用次数: 0

Anesthetic management of neonate with hypoplastic left heart syndrome posted for exploratory laparotomy. 剖腹探查新生儿左心发育不全综合征的麻醉处理。

IF 1.2

Journal of postgraduate medicine Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-06-15 DOI: 10.4103/jpgm.jpgm_947_25

U Parmar, R Dias

引用次数: 0