Journal of medical entomology最新文献_第7页

Canadian Arctic mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) through time: a review of historical records and challenges. 加拿大北极蚊（双翅目：库蚊科）的历史记录与挑战。

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Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag106

Carol-Anne Villeneuve, Daniel Peach, Laura Ferguson, Louwtjie Pieter Snyman

{"title":"Canadian Arctic mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) through time: a review of historical records and challenges.","authors":"Carol-Anne Villeneuve, Daniel Peach, Laura Ferguson, Louwtjie Pieter Snyman","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag106","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag106","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding the occurrence of arthropods in the Arctic relies heavily on distributional and taxonomic evidence, yet substantial gaps and inconsistencies in available data complicate interpretation. These limitations impact our understanding of ecologically-and medically-important groups such as the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae), whose Arctic diversity and biogeography remain poorly resolved. Many species were originally described from limited material, often using morphological traits that differ from those observed in more thoroughly studied southern populations. Sparse and uneven sampling across the Arctic limits our ability to accurately assess species distributions, and missing or incomplete metadata further diminishes the scientific value of existing specimens. Collectively, these issues obscure patterns of biodiversity, hinder detection of climate‑driven range shifts, and constrain efforts to evaluate the vector potential of species capable of transmitting arboviruses. As concerns grow regarding the northward expansion of mosquito‑borne pathogens, the absence of reliable baseline data poses a major challenge for assessing current and future risks to human and animal health in Arctic ecosystems. This review synthesizes historical records of Canadian Arctic mosquitoes from early natural history expeditions beginning around 1820 to the present. We evaluate the taxonomic reliability, geographic accuracy, and research relevance of these records to determine which can serve as credible baselines for contemporary biodiversity assessments. By clarifying the strengths and limitations of the historical dataset, this review aims to support improved species distribution modeling, inform future surveillance efforts, and guide research priorities in a rapidly changing Arctic.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13378449/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148474969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Visual cues attract adult Tunga penetrans (Siphonaptera: Tungidae). 视觉线索吸引成虫（虹吸翅目：通虫科）。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag127

Ayako Hyuga, Paul Ouma, Lynne Elson, Kazuchiyo Miyamichi, Satoshi Kaneko, Kensuke Goto, Tullu Bukhari, Jürgen Krücken, Ulrike Fillinger

{"title":"Visual cues attract adult Tunga penetrans (Siphonaptera: Tungidae).","authors":"Ayako Hyuga, Paul Ouma, Lynne Elson, Kazuchiyo Miyamichi, Satoshi Kaneko, Kensuke Goto, Tullu Bukhari, Jürgen Krücken, Ulrike Fillinger","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag127","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag127","url":null,"abstract":"Tunga penetrans (Linnaeus, 1758) (Siphonaptera: Tungidae) is an ectoparasitic flea whose adult females cause tungiasis by embedding into the host's skin. Environmental, social and financial challenges in tungiasis endemic areas have left this disease neglected and lacking locally available control measures. One possible approach for controlling T. penetrans targets its off-host stages; however, surveillance tools for adult fleas are still lacking. Moreover, host-seeking cues and behaviour of adult T. penetrans remain largely unknown. In this study, we show that visual cues are attractive to adult T. penetrans. Newly emerged T. penetrans responded to light stimuli across a broad spectrum, ranging from 375 nm to 690 nm. Within this range, significantly stronger attraction was observed at 430 nm over 375 nm, at 490 nm over 610 nm, and at 610 nm over 690 nm. Attraction did not differ significantly between 430 nm and 490 nm or between 535 nm and 490 nm. Overall, wavelengths between 430-535 nm induced stronger attraction in both sexes under constant electrical current conditions. In contrast, although host odor and body temperature attracted more than half of the tested adult fleas on average, the observed responses were not statistically significant. These findings suggest that visual cues in this spectral range could serve as promising attractants for capturing adult fleas. Incorporating these insights into trap strategies could support improved monitoring, surveillance, and potentially contribute to control efforts.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13425998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148650146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Maternal instincts: a review of the role of chemosensory cues and larval habitat conditions on oviposition site choice by gravid Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). 母性本能：化学感觉线索和幼虫栖息地条件对妊娠埃及伊蚊产卵地点选择的影响。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag107

Nicole S Rodrigues, Geoffrey M Attardo

{"title":"Maternal instincts: a review of the role of chemosensory cues and larval habitat conditions on oviposition site choice by gravid Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).","authors":"Nicole S Rodrigues, Geoffrey M Attardo","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag107","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag107","url":null,"abstract":"Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) is a global vector of arboviruses, including those causing dengue, chikungunya, Zika, and yellow fever. Effective management of Ae. aegypti populations remain challenging due to their anthropophilic feeding behavior, their exploitation of urban environments, their complex oviposition behavior, and their egg physiology. The characteristics of larval habitats can influence various aspects of larval development, thereby altering adult physiology and behavior. These include differences in blood-feeding behavior, reproductive capacity, and lifespan. Gravid females select oviposition sites based on a diverse array of visual, textural, chemical, and biological cues that attract/repel females from sites and/or stimulate/inhibit oviposition, including volatile organic compounds from microorganisms, detritus, conspecific/heterospecific larvae and adults, predator activity, and environmental factors. This review focuses on the chemosensory aspects of oviposition site selection. Understanding the effects of concentration-dependent chemical cues on oviposition behavior in gravid female Ae. aegypti offers critical insights into the ecology of this species. Integrating this knowledge into vector control strategies, particularly attract-and-kill ovitraps incorporating optimized attractants and larvicides, could enhance surveillance efficacy and reduce Ae. aegypti populations. As climates become more favorable and urbanization expands, Ae. aegypti's geographic range is likely to expand, making it essential to leverage detailed behavioral and ecological insights to improve surveillance, vector management, and to mitigate arboviral disease risks globally.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13323060/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148371582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Whole testicular organ and seminal cryopreservation in the malarial mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae). 冈比亚疟蚊（双翅目：库蚊科）全睾丸器官和精液冷冻保存。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag135

Courtney C Grula, Arun Rajamohan, Melanie Tischleder, Joseph P Rinehart

{"title":"Whole testicular organ and seminal cryopreservation in the malarial mosquito Anopheles gambiae (Diptera: Culicidae).","authors":"Courtney C Grula, Arun Rajamohan, Melanie Tischleder, Joseph P Rinehart","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag135","url":null,"abstract":"Anopheles gambiae (Giles) is a medically important mosquito species and a vector of the malaria Plasmodium parasite. There have been many advancements in vector control research that involves genetic manipulation of the mosquito. Malaria vector research requires rearing continuous mosquito colonies that are costly and carry risks to maintain. Therefore, we studied the feasibility of germplasm cryopreservation as a way to maintain genetic background as well as restore mosquito colonies. One part of germplasm cryopreservation is the cryopreservation of the whole germinal organ such as the testis as this would preserve half the genome. The aim of this study was to develop a simple method to cryopreserve whole testicular-seminal vesicle complex from which one could derive both the viable spermatozoa as well as primordial and stem cells from male mosquitos. This is the first study which demonstrates the successful cryopreservation of a whole organ in an insect system. In this study, various cryopreservation protocols were tested to determine which resulted in the highest testicular cell survival. The methods tested included different freezing rates, different incubation protocols, and use of different non-permeating cryoprotectants. The cooling rate that was found to have the highest survival was cooling to -40 °C at a rate of 1 °C min-1 followed by a plunge into liquid nitrogen, although there was little difference in survival based on cooling rate.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13492074/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148803709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Field video recording paired with trapping reveals mosquito diel sugar-feeding patterns. 现场录像与诱捕相结合，揭示了蚊子的食糖进食模式。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag118

Sergio Méndez-Cardona, Morgan N Rockwell, Michael Futo, James C Colee, Panpim Thongsripong, Lawrence Reeves, Eric P Caragata, Dongmin Kim, Barry W Alto, Nathan D Burkett-Cadena

{"title":"Field video recording paired with trapping reveals mosquito diel sugar-feeding patterns.","authors":"Sergio Méndez-Cardona, Morgan N Rockwell, Michael Futo, James C Colee, Panpim Thongsripong, Lawrence Reeves, Eric P Caragata, Dongmin Kim, Barry W Alto, Nathan D Burkett-Cadena","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag118","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag118","url":null,"abstract":"Sugar feeding is essential for mosquito survival and reproduction, yet its temporal dynamics and species-specific patterns remain poorly characterized under field conditions. We deployed a low-cost, continuous infrared video surveillance system at artificial sugar bait stations at two coastal Florida habitats (hammock forest and mangrove swamp) over a 10-night period, recording 113 mosquito visitation events while concurrently sampling the local mosquito assemblage using CO2-baited and sucrose-baited traps. All visitation events occurred during the scotophase, following a pronounced bimodal pattern with a primary peak at 21:00 and a secondary pre-dawn peak at 06:00. Individual feeding event duration was consistent across the night (22.6 ± 16.4 s), suggesting physiological rather than circadian control of feeding bout length. A total of 12,490 mosquitoes representing 22 species were collected (12,118 from CO2 traps and 372 from sucrose traps), with Aedes taeniorhynchus, Culex nigripalpus, and Deinocerites cancer as the dominant taxa. Sucrose traps were highly selective, capturing a significantly lower proportion of host-seeking (unfed) individuals than CO2 traps. The local abundance of Ae. taeniorhynchus had a strong positive association with station visitation (r = 0.9), whereas De. cancer showed a negative association (r= -0.63). Weak associations for other taxa indicate that sugar-seeking is not strictly density-dependent and varies across the mosquito assemblage. These observations support the notion that species-specific foraging patterns and habitat context drive sugar-bait utilization. Our findings emphasize that localized population dynamics must inform the strategic deployment of attractive toxic sugar baits (ATSBs) in vector control programs.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148451021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Impact of Diphenidol and Diquat on the development of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and their forensic importance. 双翅目：大头金蝇科（Diphenidol, Diquat, 1794）发育的影响及其法医学意义。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag123

Yu Xu, Xi Wang, Changrui Li, Fan Yang, Yuhe Zhang, Lipin Ren, Zhou Lyu

{"title":"Impact of Diphenidol and Diquat on the development of Chrysomya megacephala (Fabricius, 1794) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and their forensic importance.","authors":"Yu Xu, Xi Wang, Changrui Li, Fan Yang, Yuhe Zhang, Lipin Ren, Zhou Lyu","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag123","url":null,"abstract":"Estimation of the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin) based on forensic entomology is susceptible to interference from xenobiotics. This study explored the toxic impacts of Diphenidol and Diquat on the development of Chrysomya megacephala, a vital forensic fly species. Their effects were assessed on insect development, survival, and morphology to establish PMImin correction parameters for poisoning fatalities and improve the credibility of entomological evidence. Larvae were raised at 28 °C with diets containing Diphenidol (40, 80, and 160 mg/kg) and Diquat (25, 50, and 100 mg/kg), corresponding to 0.5×, 1×, and 2× the estimated human LD50. An AB subgroup design was adopted to eliminate sampling bias. The two compounds exhibited fundamentally distinct toxicological profiles with implications for forensic practice. Diphenidol induced a complex, non-linear disruption, causing significant developmental delays (up to 23.33 h) without reducing overall survival. This pattern risks a covert underestimation of PMImin if insect development appears normal but is temporally shifted. In stark contrast, Diquat produced a clear, dose-dependent toxicity, severely retarding growth, reducing pupation and emergence success by up to 40%, and inducing a 6.9% teratogenicity rate at the highest concentration. These overt effects (stunted growth, low population recovery, and morphological anomalies) serve as direct warning signs of potential toxicant presence and associated PMImin estimation errors. This study's findings differentiate between hidden temporal delays and overt inhibitory toxicity, underscoring the imperative for integrated toxicological and entomological analysis to prevent critical misinterpretations of the forensic timeline.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148551808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hydrometeorological drivers of mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) abundance in an urbanized region of central Oklahoma. 俄克拉荷马州中部城市化地区蚊虫（双翅目：库蚊科）丰度的水文气象驱动因素。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-07-01 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag102

Eric R Bump, Michael C Wimberly

{"title":"Hydrometeorological drivers of mosquito (Diptera: Culicidae) abundance in an urbanized region of central Oklahoma.","authors":"Eric R Bump, Michael C Wimberly","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag102","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag102","url":null,"abstract":"Urban mosquito abundance reflects not only temperature and rainfall but also other aspects of the local environment. We quantified species-specific responses to hydrometeorology in Norman, Oklahoma, using two seasons (2023-2024) of weekly data collected with CO2-baited BG-Sentinel traps at four sites. Daily meteorological observations were obtained from the Oklahoma Mesonet. The most abundant species were Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Aedes trivittatus (Coquillett), and the Culex pipiens Linnaeus/Culex quinquefasciatus Say complex. We modeled environmental relationships using negative binomial generalized additive models that incorporated linear distributed lags (0-56 days) and selected parsimonious combinations of predictors based on AICc. Ae. albopictus abundance was associated with shallow soil moisture (5 cm fractional water index) and drought (Standardized Precipitation-Evapotranspiration Index); abundance increased with drier conditions at short lags and with wetter conditions at longer lags. Ae. trivittatus was associated with mean temperature, shallow soil moisture, and solar radiation. Abundance increased with drier soils at short lags and with warm, sunny conditions and higher soil moisture at longer lags. Cx. pipiens/quinquefasciatus abundance increased with maximum temperature and exhibited a similar relationship with vapor pressure deficit. These results demonstrate that soil moisture, drought indices, and solar radiation capture hydrologic and atmospheric constraints that are often overlooked. Incorporating hydrometeorological variables can improve ecological interpretation and provide actionable indicators for timing urban mosquito control in the southern Great Plains.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13354607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Life-history divergence in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) aligns with Kenya's dengue landscape. 埃及伊蚊（双翅目：库蚊科）的生活史差异与肯尼亚的登革热景观一致。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-06-19 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag083

Jed Igwe, Hasan Ammad, Vijay P Chelikani, Rafael Aram Sharp, Millicent Sifuna, James Mutisya, Samuel Owaka Arach, Joel Lutomiah, Laura Dean Kramer, Maria Gorreti Onyango

{"title":"Life-history divergence in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) aligns with Kenya's dengue landscape.","authors":"Jed Igwe, Hasan Ammad, Vijay P Chelikani, Rafael Aram Sharp, Millicent Sifuna, James Mutisya, Samuel Owaka Arach, Joel Lutomiah, Laura Dean Kramer, Maria Gorreti Onyango","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag083","url":null,"abstract":"Dengue outbreaks in Kenya are concentrated along the coast despite widespread ecological suitability for Aedes aegypti inland, suggesting that transmission risk is shaped by more than climate alone. Population-level variation in mosquito life-history traits-interacting with vector competence, climate-driven abundance, and socio-ecological factors-may contribute to this heterogeneity, yet direct comparative data of differences in life history traits across Kenyan populations remain scarce. Using a common-garden experiment with minimally colonized populations, we compared early survival and developmental timing among Ae. aegypti from coastal Mombasa, inland Kisumu, and a laboratory-adapted Mexico colony under identical insectary conditions. Substantial colony-level differences persisted: Mombasa mosquitoes showed higher early-stage success and faster development, Kisumu mosquitoes exhibited reduced early performance and slower development, and the Mexico colony maintained consistently high survival. Although derived from single field collections, these findings demonstrate that meaningful variation in key life-history traits can persist among Ae. aegypti colonies when evaluated under standardized conditions. Such differences may influence local population growth dynamics, but do not alone determine transmission risk. Incorporating population-specific mosquito biology into surveillance and modeling frameworks-alongside measures of vector competence, adult behavior, and human exposure-may improve spatial risk prediction and support more context-appropriate vector control strategies.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148298073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Untargeted metabolomics for chemotaxonomy of blow fly pupae (Diptera: Calliphoridae) supported by DNA barcoding. DNA条形码支持的蝇蛹化学分类的非靶向代谢组学研究。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag075

Alexa Figueroa, Stephen M Baca, Jennifer Y Rosati, Rosalia Hernandez, Rabi A Musah

{"title":"Untargeted metabolomics for chemotaxonomy of blow fly pupae (Diptera: Calliphoridae) supported by DNA barcoding.","authors":"Alexa Figueroa, Stephen M Baca, Jennifer Y Rosati, Rosalia Hernandez, Rabi A Musah","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag075","url":null,"abstract":"In forensics, accurate species identification of necrophagous insects retrieved from decomposing remains is critical for estimating the postmortem interval (PMI). Blow flies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are typically the earliest colonizers to arrive on carrion. Because juvenile life stages are morphologically similar across species, forensic entomologists traditionally rear the eggs, larvae, and pupae to adulthood to ensure a definitive identification based on features of the adults, in a process that is time-consuming and relies heavily on specimen viability. This study presents a rapid, high-throughput identification method for forensically significant blow fly pupae utilizing direct analysis in real time-high-resolution mass spectrometry (DART-HRMS) coupled with chemometrics. A prediction model was developed for 11 species of necrophagous blow fly pupae across seven genera of Calliphoridae: Calliphora, Chrysomya, Cochliomyia, Cynomya, Lucilia, Phormia, and Protophormia. It was built using 220 species-validated test samples, and tested with 115 external validation samples. Leave-one-out cross validation accuracies of 97.27% and 98.26%, respectively, were observed for the test and validation datasets. Species identities were independently verified via DNA barcoding with cytochrome c oxidase I. These results demonstrate that DART-HRMS can successfully identify pupae-a historically underutilized developmental stage in forensic casework-based upon their unique metabolome signatures. This work provides critical forensic resources for the utilization of pupae that may facilitate PMI estimations, even for non-viable specimens.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148255289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Health impacts and clinical management of New World Screwworm infestation on dogs and cats in a reintroduction scenario in the United States. 在美国重新引入新世界螺旋蝇对狗和猫的健康影响和临床管理。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-05-05 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag101

Guilherme Gomes Verocai, Clarissa Pimentel de Souza, Rafael Antonio do Nascimento Ramos

{"title":"Health impacts and clinical management of New World Screwworm infestation on dogs and cats in a reintroduction scenario in the United States.","authors":"Guilherme Gomes Verocai, Clarissa Pimentel de Souza, Rafael Antonio do Nascimento Ramos","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag101","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag101","url":null,"abstract":"The New World Screwworm (NWS), Cochliomyia hominivorax, is an obligate myiasis-causing dipteran native to the Americas. Its larval stages voraciously feed on living tissues of a broad range of warm-blooded hosts, including domestic animals, wildlife, and humans. NWS is a parasite of substantial economic importance due to its deleterious effects on livestock health, productivity, and welfare. This led to highly successful eradication efforts from the United States (U.S.), Mexico, and throughout Central America via mass release of sterile males. Nevertheless, the resurgence of cases in Central America and Mexico in recent years, and the current cases diagnosed in Texas and New Mexico, has raised significant concern among U.S. animal health agencies and stakeholders. From a public health perspective, NWS is also noteworthy because human infestations have been reported globally, including in non-endemic regions associated with travel to endemic areas. NWS infestations in companion animals may be influenced by various factors, including ownership status, breed, frequency of animal inspection, and lifestyle, all of which may be associated with a higher propensity for the occurrence of lesions. Depending on the anatomic location of parasitism, the severity of the infestation, and the timeliness of diagnosis and intervention, the infestation may be fatal Current clinical management primarily targets active infestations using agents such as macrocyclic lactones, nitenpyram, or isoxazolines; while preventive medications remain limited. This review provides an overview of the current clinical management of natural NWS infestations in dogs and cats and summarizes the main therapeutic and prophylactic antiparasitic options available in the U.S.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148355117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0