Journal of medical entomology最新文献

Assessment of costs for implementation of park specific tick management plans for selected high-use recreational areas in Monmouth County, New Jersey. 在新泽西州蒙茅斯县选定的高用途休闲区实施公园特定蜱虫管理计划的成本评估。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag138

Robert A Jordan, James C Burtis, Lars Eisen, Katie Russell, Terry L Schulze

{"title":"Assessment of costs for implementation of park specific tick management plans for selected high-use recreational areas in Monmouth County, New Jersey.","authors":"Robert A Jordan, James C Burtis, Lars Eisen, Katie Russell, Terry L Schulze","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag138","url":null,"abstract":"Tick-borne diseases are a major public health threat in the United States, with Lyme disease being the most commonly reported vector-borne disease. Tick-bite prevention is predominantly focused on education and the use of repellents. Currently, the use of tick control interventions is rare, particularly on public properties, in part because deployment costs can be difficult to determine. This study focused on New Jersey, where both Ixodes scapularis Say and Amblyomma americanum (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae) are common throughout much of the state and there is a high incidence of tick-borne diseases. Ten high-use public parks in Monmouth County with high tick abundance were selected to develop tick management plans and assess their implementation cost. We calculated the cost of applying acaricides along trails and the margins of recreational fields where tick habitat is abundant, as well as the cost of deploying 4-Poster Tick Control Deer Feeders (hereafter, 4-Posters) to treat deer with acaricides. The total projected annual cost for focal acaricide treatments in all 10 parks ranged from $23,251 (low-end estimate) to $46,500 (high-end estimate). The use of 4-Posters (without other interventions), with potential for tick suppression across the landscape, was more expensive, estimated to cost $461,970 annually for a sustained program including all 10 parks. Using current tick control methods, area-wide control is considerably more expensive than more focal control efforts. This research provides local land managers with cost estimates for tick control and provides a guide for estimating the cost of deployment as new methods are developed.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

DNA barcoding and morphology resolve the identity of the Seasonal Hyperacute Panuveitis-associated Gazalina chrysolopha (Lepidoptera; Notodontidae) in Nepal. DNA条形码和形态学鉴定了尼泊尔季节性超急性全葡萄膜炎相关的黄斑Gazalina chrysolopha（鳞翅目；齿齿蛾科）的身份。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag154

Daya Ram Bhusal, Ankit Kumar Singh, Ranju Kharel Sitaula, Bimal Raj Shrestha, Bhupendra Kumar, Pratap Karki, Sagun Narayan Joshi, Ananda Kumar Sharma, Laxman Khanal

{"title":"DNA barcoding and morphology resolve the identity of the Seasonal Hyperacute Panuveitis-associated Gazalina chrysolopha (Lepidoptera; Notodontidae) in Nepal.","authors":"Daya Ram Bhusal, Ankit Kumar Singh, Ranju Kharel Sitaula, Bimal Raj Shrestha, Bhupendra Kumar, Pratap Karki, Sagun Narayan Joshi, Ananda Kumar Sharma, Laxman Khanal","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag154","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag154","url":null,"abstract":"Moths of the genus Gazalina are implicated in the etiology of Seasonal Hyperacute Panuveitis (SHAPU), an enigmatic eye disease prevalent in Nepal. However, the precise causative species has remained unconfirmed due to a historical reliance on purely morphological identification. To definitively identify the responsible species, we collected Gazalina specimens from Dhorpatan Municipality, one of the epicentres of the SHAPU outbreak in Baglung District, western Nepal. We employed an integrative taxonomic approach, combining morphological evaluation with molecular phylogenetic analysis of a fragment of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI, 657 bp) gene. Morphological assessment suggested the specimens as Gazalina chrysolopha, based on the presence of a distinctive golden abdominal tuft of setae in females and three medial forewing lines. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analysis on COI gene sequences corroborated this, revealing that the outbreak specimens form a monophyletic clade with G. chrysolopha from India and Pakistan. Additionally, genetic distance analysis demonstrated a minimal divergence (3.69%) between the Nepalese specimens and the Indian G. chrysolopha population. This study provides the first robust molecular evidence confirming G. chrysolopha as the biological agent associated with SHAPU outbreaks in Nepal. Future research should prioritise fine-scale distributional mapping of G. chrysolopha and investigate the evolutionary history of the genus across the Hindu-Kush Himalayas.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New world screwworm (Diptera: Calliphoridae): past, present and future. 新世界螺旋蝇（双翅目：螺旋蝇科）：过去、现在和未来。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag155

David B Taylor, Norman C Leppla

{"title":"New world screwworm (Diptera: Calliphoridae): past, present and future.","authors":"David B Taylor, Norman C Leppla","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag155","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag155","url":null,"abstract":"The New World screwworm (NWS), Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), is one of the most important parasites of livestock and wildlife in the Americas. Research conducted during the last 100 yr has formed the foundation of the most successful insect control program in the world: the NWS eradication program. The program eradicated NWS from North and Central America and established a biological barrier at the Isthmus of Panama in 2004 using the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT). Except for a brief incursion in the Florida Keys in 2016, the last case of NWS in the United States was in 1982. Since the eradication of NWS from the United States, livestock husbandry practices have changed dramatically, leaving the livestock industry in the southern half of the United States vulnerable to NWS. Research during the 1930s, 1940s, and 1950s established the foundation upon which the eradication program was built: NWS mass production, sterilization, and dispersal. More recent research has improved efficiency and reduced program costs, but the backbone remains intact. A program to eradicate NWS from Jamaica initiated in 1998 was declared a failure in 2009. In 2023, the Panamanian barrier was breached and NWS quickly recolonized much of its historical range through Central America and Mexico. It is essential to identify the causes of these failures to avoid future lapses and improve effectiveness of the eradication program. As was the case with previous program lapses in 1974 and 1986, unbiased external review is called for to protect livestock producers, wildlife, and the public trust.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149139630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bioinsecticidal potential of Baeckea frutescens (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) essential oil: chemical variation, yeast encapsulation, and larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae). 桃金娘精油对埃及伊蚊、白纹伊蚊和致倦库蚊的生物杀虫潜力：化学变异、酵母包封及杀幼虫活性

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag144

Hung Huy Nguyen, Mau Trinh-Dang, Huy Gia Ngo, Linh Thao Phan, Prabodh Satyal, Thuong Thanh Vo, Hoa Van Vo, Thong Quoc Nguyen, Anh Quynh Tran-Nguyen, Van Thi-Thuy Do, William N Setzer, Phong Hai Nguyen, Minh Van Vo

{"title":"Bioinsecticidal potential of Baeckea frutescens (Myrtales: Myrtaceae) essential oil: chemical variation, yeast encapsulation, and larvicidal activity against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, and Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culicidae).","authors":"Hung Huy Nguyen, Mau Trinh-Dang, Huy Gia Ngo, Linh Thao Phan, Prabodh Satyal, Thuong Thanh Vo, Hoa Van Vo, Thong Quoc Nguyen, Anh Quynh Tran-Nguyen, Van Thi-Thuy Do, William N Setzer, Phong Hai Nguyen, Minh Van Vo","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag144","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag144","url":null,"abstract":"Plant essential oils are promising alternatives to synthetic larvicides, but their development is often limited by chemical variability, formulation challenges, and concerns regarding non-target toxicity. Baeckea frutescens, a widespread weed species, remains insufficiently characterized in terms of chemotypic diversity, stereochemical composition, and larvicidal selectivity. The essential oils were dominated by mono- and sesquiterpenoids, with p-cymene, 1,8-cineole, α- and β-pinene, α-humulene, caryophyllene oxide, and humulene epoxide II as major constituents. PCA and HCA revealed distinct chemotypic groups that may reflect temporal variation in essential oil composition. Chiral GC analysis showed pronounced enantiomeric excess for several terpenoids. In WHO-based larvicidal assays, free essential oils exhibited notable activity against Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus), Aedes albopictus (Skuse), and Culex quinquefasciatus Say (Diptera: Culicidae). The corresponding 24-h LC50 values ranged from 18.97 to 39.33 µg/mL, 10.60 to 13.11 µg/mL, and 19.79 to 45.62 µg/mL, respectively. Yeast encapsulation achieved a loading capacity of approximately 11.1% to 40.71% and retained larvicidal activity in acute assays. This study provides integrated chemotypic and enantiomeric insights into B. frutescens essential oil and demonstrates its acute larvicidal activity with preliminary indication of selectivity against multiple mosquito species using WHO-based protocols. The findings support the sustainable utilization of an underutilized weed species and provide a chemically informed basis for the development of sustainable botanical larvicides.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149077295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Aedes (Ochlerotatus) amateuri Ortega and Zavortink (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Madrean Sky Islands of Arizona, USA: a new country record. 美国亚利桑纳州马德莱恩天空群岛业余伊蚊（Ochlerotatus）和Zavortink（双翅目：库蚊科）：新纪录。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag126

Lawrence E Reeves, Kelsey L Renfro

{"title":"Aedes (Ochlerotatus) amateuri Ortega and Zavortink (Diptera: Culicidae) in the Madrean Sky Islands of Arizona, USA: a new country record.","authors":"Lawrence E Reeves, Kelsey L Renfro","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag126","url":null,"abstract":"The mosquito community of the Madrean Sky Islands of southeastern Arizona is diverse and distinct with several species that are endemic or at their northern distributional limits. We collected mosquitoes across many of southeastern Arizona's Sky Island mountain ranges. Here, we present new collection records supported by morphological and molecular evidence that indicate the presence of Aedes (Ochlerotatus) amateuri in at least two Sky Islands ranges, the Santa Rita Mountains and the Dragoon Mountains. Aedes amateuri was described in 2019, previously known only from the type locality in Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas, Mexico. These records represent the first detection of Ae. amateuri in the USA, and the northernmost collections of this species. The results of DNA barcoding and comparison of Arizona Ae. amateuri cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences to those available in publicly accessible databases suggest that Ae. amateuri is present in an additional location in Mexico, south to Honduras. Detailed collection records, ecological information, and a discussion of the morphological and molecular identification of Ae. amateuri are presented.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do mosquito insecticides harm beneficial mosquitoes? Evidence from Toxorhynchites rutilus septentrionalis (Diptera: Culicidae). 驱蚊剂会伤害有益的蚊子吗？朱氏七爪弓形虫的证据（双翅目：库蚊科）。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag149

Yi-Ting Liu, Yi-Chieh Chang, Muhammad Farooq, Kai Blore, Joseph W Diclaro, Rui-De Xue, Whitney A Qualls, Kok-Boon Neoh

{"title":"Do mosquito insecticides harm beneficial mosquitoes? Evidence from Toxorhynchites rutilus septentrionalis (Diptera: Culicidae).","authors":"Yi-Ting Liu, Yi-Chieh Chang, Muhammad Farooq, Kai Blore, Joseph W Diclaro, Rui-De Xue, Whitney A Qualls, Kok-Boon Neoh","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag149","url":null,"abstract":"Chemical interventions targeting mosquito vectors may unintentionally affect non-target beneficial mosquitoes occupying similar ecological niches. This study evaluated the susceptibility of the beneficial mosquito Toxorhynchites rutilus septentrionalis (Dyar & Knab) to commonly used mosquito control products at operational field rates and compared its responses with those of Aedes aegypti L. Two adulticides, permethrin-based Aqua-Kontrol 30-30 and bifenthrin-based Talstar P Professional, and 3 larvicides, Vectobac 12AS (Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis [Bti]), Natular DT (spinosad), and Altosid Pellets WSP (methoprene), were evaluated. Permethrin ultra-low-volume space spray caused complete mortality in both adult Ae. aegypti and Tx. r. septentrionalis within 1 h post-treatment. In contrast, the bifenthrin-based barrier treatment on foliage caused 100% mortality in Ae. aegypti up to 28 d after application, whereas Tx. r. septentrionalis adults survived despite exhibiting transient signs of pyrethroid-induced neurotoxicity. Larval susceptibility varied according to developmental stage and insecticide type. Bti caused rapid mortality in Ae. aegypti larvae, particularly, early instars of Tx. r. septentrionalis showed 50 to 92% mortality and late instars showed lower mortality (4 to 66%). Spinosad caused 84 to 100% mortality in both mosquito species within 72 h post-exposure, except in early instars of Tx. r. septentrionalis at the lowest concentration (14% mortality). Methoprene inhibited adult emergence in Ae. aegypti at the highest concentration but produced minimal effects on Tx. r. septentrionalis. These findings demonstrate that mosquito control products differ substantially in their non-target impacts on beneficial mosquitoes and highlight the importance of incorporating ecological risk assessments into integrated vector management programs.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148984382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Metabolic resistance of Anopheles funestus to pyrethroids and organochlorines in Toumbokro, rural Côte d'Ivoire. Côte科特迪瓦农村通博克罗地区富氏按蚊对拟除虫菊酯和有机氯的代谢抗性。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag137

Nadro Wago Maïmouna Kroko-Djahouri, Konan Fabrice Assouho, Dounin Danielle Zoh, Dipomin Francois Traoré, Yapo Marie-Ange Edwige Kadjo, Konan Rodolphe Mardoché Azongnibo, André Barembaye Sagna, Akré Maurice Adja

{"title":"Metabolic resistance of Anopheles funestus to pyrethroids and organochlorines in Toumbokro, rural Côte d'Ivoire.","authors":"Nadro Wago Maïmouna Kroko-Djahouri, Konan Fabrice Assouho, Dounin Danielle Zoh, Dipomin Francois Traoré, Yapo Marie-Ange Edwige Kadjo, Konan Rodolphe Mardoché Azongnibo, André Barembaye Sagna, Akré Maurice Adja","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag137","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag137","url":null,"abstract":"Insecticide resistance in malaria vectors threatens control efforts. Anopheles funestus Giles s.l. increasingly contributes to malaria transmission in Côte d'Ivoire especially in central and western regions, yet resistance data remain poorly known. This study assessed the susceptibility of An. funestus s.s. from Toumbokro to major insecticides and identified underlying metabolic resistance mechanisms. Blood-fed An. funestus s.l. females were collected indoors with an electric aspirator and induced to oviposit. F1 progeny from PCR-confirmed An. funestus s.s. were exposed to permethrin (0.75%), deltamethrin (0.05%), lambda-cyhalothrin (0.05%), and DDT (4%) in WHO tube assays. Synergist assays with piperonyl butoxide (PBO) were used to evaluate enzyme-mediated resistance, and biochemical assays were used to measure activity of detoxification enzymes. Anopheles funestus s.s. showed resistance to all insecticides, with mortality rates of 78% (permethrin), 76% (deltamethrin), 44% (lambda-cyhalothrin), and 72% (DDT). Pre-exposure to PBO fully restored susceptibility to pyrethroids (100% mortality), implicating metabolic resistance, but only partially restored susceptibility to DDT (82%). Biochemical assays confirmed significantly greater cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activity in An. funestus s.s. (0.00144 nmol/mg of protein) compared with the susceptible Kisumu strain (0.00085 nmol/mg of protein). An. funestus s.s. from Toumbokro in central Côte d'Ivoire is resistant to pyrethroids and DDT, mainly via metabolic mechanisms. This resistance likely sustains its role in malaria transmission despite widespread pyrethroid-treated long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) use suggesting a need for PBO-based or dual-active ingredient LLINs in vector control strategies.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The southward expansion of Anopheles farauti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Australia: a genetic and ecological niche modeling investigation. 澳大利亚法氏按蚊（双翅目：库蚊科）向南扩张的遗传和生态位模型研究。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag158

Fitsum Bekele, Luke Ambrose, Andrew F van den Hurk, Cassie C Jansen, Weng K Chow, Meredith Larney, Tristan P W Dennis, Nigel W Beebe

{"title":"The southward expansion of Anopheles farauti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Australia: a genetic and ecological niche modeling investigation.","authors":"Fitsum Bekele, Luke Ambrose, Andrew F van den Hurk, Cassie C Jansen, Weng K Chow, Meredith Larney, Tristan P W Dennis, Nigel W Beebe","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag158","url":null,"abstract":"The mosquito Anopheles farauti Laveran (1902) is a coastal malaria vector with a wide distribution throughout the Southwest Pacific. This species shows strong population genetic structure across Australia, New Guinea, and the Solomon Archipelago. In Queensland, Australia, its southern range limit has been the 21° latitude but, in 2023, it was detected in mosquito surveys 300 km further south, at 23° latitude. Additional collections undertaken in 2024 suggested that a population of An. farauti had established at this new southern limit. Sequencing of the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene revealed a single haplotype shared by all individuals, matching the nearest northern population. To investigate the suspected southward range expansion of An. farauti in Queensland, we performed machine learning ecological niche modeling using both MaxEnt and Random Forest approaches using historical collection data and WorldClim bioclimatic variables from that period. The model output indicated that the 23° latitude in Queensland is within the species' projected suitability range and identified temperature-related factors as the primary drivers of its distribution in Queensland. We hypothesize that the prolonged La Niña (2020 to 2023), and the 2023 global marine heatwave, which drove warmer ocean and coastal ambient temperatures, facilitated the latitudinal expansion of An. farauti in Queensland.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of mosquito transmission of equine hepacivirus in laboratory and field studies. 马肝炎病毒蚊媒传播的实验室和现场研究评价。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag121

Tereza Magalhaes, Danilo de Carvalho Leandro, Emrah Ozel, Xiao Liang, Brandon Lyons, Troels K H Scheel, Jordan Salomon, Daniela Luethy, Phillip E Kaufman, Joy E Tomlinson

{"title":"Evaluation of mosquito transmission of equine hepacivirus in laboratory and field studies.","authors":"Tereza Magalhaes, Danilo de Carvalho Leandro, Emrah Ozel, Xiao Liang, Brandon Lyons, Troels K H Scheel, Jordan Salomon, Daniela Luethy, Phillip E Kaufman, Joy E Tomlinson","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag121","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag121","url":null,"abstract":"Equine hepacivirus (EqHV) is a hepatotropic virus, closely related to human hepatitis C virus (HCV), that can cause acute or chronic infection in horses. As with HCV, transmission is thought to occur primarily through parenteral, particularly blood-borne, routes. Vertical transmission from mare to foal has been reported but appears to be uncommon. The high seroprevalence in horse populations and the occurrence of infection in isolated horses indicate efficient horizontal transmission routes exist. One such possibility is biological or mechanical transmission by arthropods, such as mosquitoes, stable flies, or ticks. Here, we conducted 2 complementary studies to evaluate the possible role of mosquitoes as EqHV biological vectors. In the laboratory, we orally exposed Aedes albopictus (Skuse) females to EqHV through artificial bloodfeeding with blood collected from 2 chronically infected horses. Mosquito samples (body, legs, and saliva) were collected at multiple time points post-exposure and tested for EqHV RNA by molecular assays. In the field, 2,138 mosquitoes were collected from New York and Florida, United States, and screened for EqHV RNA. No EqHV RNA was detected in any samples from the laboratory experiment or among field-collected mosquitoes. These findings indicate that the Ae. albopictus strain evaluated here is unlikely to serve as a biological vector of EqHV and corroborate previous negative findings in field-collected mosquitoes. Nevertheless, low infection rates may have gone undetected. Laboratory studies of additional horse-feeding mosquito species and expanded field collections in EqHV-endemic regions are needed to further clarify any potential role for mosquitoes in EqHV transmission.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13545984/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The internal larval anatomy of two rodent bot fly species: Cuterebra fontinella (Diptera: Oestridae) and Cuterebra americana. 两种啮齿体蝇的内部幼虫解剖：fontincuterebra（双翅目：蠓科）和美洲Cuterebra。

IF 2

Journal of medical entomology Pub Date : 2026-09-04 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjag142

Daniel Martín-Vega, Ezra M Bailey, Agnese Lanzetti, Martin J R Hall

{"title":"The internal larval anatomy of two rodent bot fly species: Cuterebra fontinella (Diptera: Oestridae) and Cuterebra americana.","authors":"Daniel Martín-Vega, Ezra M Bailey, Agnese Lanzetti, Martin J R Hall","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag142","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag142","url":null,"abstract":"Species within the genus Cuterebra Clark, 1815 (Diptera: Oestridae: Cuterebrinae) are obligate parasites of rodents and other mammals during the larval stage, causing cutaneous myiasis. The internal larval anatomy of Cuterebra species remains unstudied, despite its potential utility for understanding their parasitic adaptations and for comparative studies with other Oestridae. The present study describes the internal larval anatomy of the species Cuterebra fontinella Clark, 1827 and Cuterebra americana (Fabricius, 1775), using micro-computed tomography-based virtual histological sections and 3-dimensional reconstructions. Both species show a broadly similar organization of the internal organs and tissues, with the digestive system being the main system within the hemocoel. The alimentary canal lacks gastric ceca and a crop; a condition shared with other Oestridae subfamilies, but which differs from the larvae of other Oestroidea families. The salivary glands are long and tubular, appearing morphologically distinct from those described in other Oestridae subfamilies thus far. The Malpighian tubules are uniformly thin and lack mineralized concretions, differing from the excretory organs of the oestrid species within the subfamily Oestrinae. The respiratory system shows little variation in relation to the basic tracheal scheme observed in the larvae of other cyclorrhaphous Diptera. Similarities and differences with the larvae of other Oestridae subfamilies and other Oestroidea families are discussed from a functional perspective, highlighting the value of nondestructive imaging techniques in comparative anatomical studies for contributing to a better understanding of the biology, evolution, and pathology of myiasis‑causing Diptera.","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13587245/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148993404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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