{"title":"Interactions of environment and bait on blow fly (Diptera: Calliphoridae) and flesh fly (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) trap capture.","authors":"Tammy L Bouldin, Ashleigh M Faris, Cynthia C Lord","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjaf107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaf107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bait trapping is a common practice throughout the field of entomology to target specific groups of insects for research interests like surveys of presence, abundance, and distribution. This technique can also be used to capture live insects to use in further research studies or to establish laboratory colonies. This study investigated the effectiveness of different types of bait, levels of bait decomposition, and environmental effects for live traps targeting carrion-associated families Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae. Trapping was conducted over a 3-mo period in the summer in Stephens County, Texas. Model selection was used to analyze the effects of bait type, decomposition level, temperature, and relative humidity on overall trap capture at the family level for Calliphoridae and Sarcophagidae, and the species level for Lucilia mexicana Macquart (Diptera: Calliphoridae). Though the data were highly variable and did not show high R2 in the best models, relative humidity was always included in the best models and may play an important role in the number of flies captured during bait trapping. There is also evidence of an interaction between relative humidity and bait type present in some models describing the number of Calliphoridae collected. The results of this study indicate a need for further research into the interactions between environmental variables like relative humidity on bait types commonly used in field trapping for carrion-associated flies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145152581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of paracetamol on the development of the Musca domestica (Diptera: Muscidae).","authors":"Meltem Kökdener, Filiz Kiper","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjaf113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaf113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is one of the most widely used drugs worldwide. Easy access to paracetamol contributes an increase in both overdose and suicidal use. The present research examined the combined effects of paracetamol (acetaminophen) and temperature on the some growth and developmental parameters of Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae). Larvae were reared on diets with different concentrations of paracetamol (LD50, 2 LD50, and 3 LD50) at 3 temperatures, 20 °C, 25 °C, and 30 °C. To date, no data on the specific impact of different paracetamol concentrations on the development and growth of this species are known to have been published. Larval weights and lengths, larval and pupal durations, adult and pupal weights, and larval and pupal mortality were recorded. Our observations indicated that the developmental periods were affected by concentrations and temperature. Developmental periods were prolonged as the concentration of paracetamol increased. The total larval weight significantly differed among temperatures but temperatures did not significantly affect larval length. Larval and pupal survival significantly differed among concentrations and temperatures. The mortality rate of larvae significantly increased with increasing drug concentrations. Pupal and adult weights were significantly different among diets and temperatures. Pupal and adult weights were reduced when the paracetamol concentrations were increased. These findings demonstrate that paracetamol has significant effects on some life history parameters of Musca domestica and have important implications for forensic investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sampling efficacy of moving-sweep net collection relative to human landing catch for Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in a rubber plantation.","authors":"John Aerol Maligaya Nobleza, Jeffrey Hii, Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan, Jirod Nararak, Watthanasak Lertlumnaphakul, Manop Saeung, Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjaf108","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaf108","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aedes albopictus (Skuse), the Asian tiger mosquito, is an efficient arbovirus vector adapted to suburban and forested environments, including rubber plantations. Effective surveillance requires reliable sampling techniques to assess mosquito abundance and transmission risk of mosquito-borne diseases. This study evaluated the efficacy of moving-sweep net collection (MSC) relative to human landing catch (HLC) for collecting Ae. albopictus during peak biting periods and estimated their parity rates, mosquito longevity, and vectorial capacity (VC). Both methods were evaluated in 3 rubber tree plots by rotating collectors' positions with respect to methods and plots over 24 d, with daily collection conducted from 07:00 to 10:00 and from 14:00 to 17:00. A Generalized Linear Mixed Model analysis with negative binomial distribution revealed HLC generally outperformed MSC in morning collections. However, afternoon collections consistently yielded higher mosquito counts across both methods and specific plots, with MSC occasionally showing higher efficiency in the afternoon. Both MSC and HLC significantly affect the age structure estimation of Ae. albopictus, particularly in the morning, where MSC captured a greater proportion of parous and older females. These differences in collection efficacy and parity rates influenced survival and infective lifespan, leading to MSC-collected mosquitoes showing a slightly higher estimation of VC than HLC. While HLC is practical for small areas, it is less effective for sampling spatially scattered mosquitoes. Whereas MSC is a reliable, efficient, and rapid sampling technique for representative sampling of mosquitoes in large, heterogeneous areas. Integrating standardized sampling methods such as MSC and HLC with age-grading techniques can improve vector surveillance and disease risk assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139809","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Keisuke Suganuma, Yuta Okuno, Mitsunori Kayano, Tomás J Acosta, Takeo Yamauchi, Adrian Miki C Macalanda, Maria Angenica F Regilme, Frances Paula L Miaral, Yrjö T Gröhn, Yuma Ohari, Shin-Ichiro Kawazu, Noboru Inoue
{"title":"A temporal analysis of horse fly prevalence in Tokachi, Hokkaido, Japan, based on a 3-year entomological survey.","authors":"Keisuke Suganuma, Yuta Okuno, Mitsunori Kayano, Tomás J Acosta, Takeo Yamauchi, Adrian Miki C Macalanda, Maria Angenica F Regilme, Frances Paula L Miaral, Yrjö T Gröhn, Yuma Ohari, Shin-Ichiro Kawazu, Noboru Inoue","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjaf121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaf121","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Horse flies (Diptera: Tabanidae) are significant pests that affect both livestock and humans via their blood-feeding behavior and role as biological and mechanical vectors of several pathogens. The Tokachi district in Hokkaido is a major livestock farming region in Japan, but long-term data on horse fly activity have been lacking for over 40 years. To address this, we conducted a 3-year entomological survey (2022-2024) at 11 livestock farms using one commercial stationary horse fly trap (H-trap) per each farm. Horse flies were collected from early June to late October each year and identified morphologically. A total of 56,542 individuals from 18 species and five genera were collected using H-traps. Tabanus nipponicus (67.91%) and Haematopota tristis (29.99%) were the dominant species. Seasonal abundance showed a unimodal peak in late July to early August, with most activity from early July to late August. Compared to data from the 1980s, the appearance of dominant species has shifted approximately one month earlier, likely due to warming temperatures, as supported by degree-day analysis. Furthermore, a shift in dominance from Hae. tristis to T. nipponicus may reflect land use changes in the region. This study provides updated insights into the species composition and seasonal dynamics of horse flies in a key agricultural area of Japan and highlights the importance of long-term monitoring to assess the impacts of climate and environmental change on pest populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145139881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Chan-Espinoza, Hugo A Ruiz-Piña, Elsy B Canché-Pool, Francisco J Escobedo-Ortegón, Alan Cuxim-Koyoc, Enrique Reyes-Novelo
{"title":"Effect of patch size on the occupancy and spatial co-occurrence patterns of Trypanosoma cruzi (Trypanosomatida: Trypanosomatidae), Didelphis virginiana (Didelphimorphia: Didelphidae), and Triatoma dimidiata (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) in human-modified environments.","authors":"Daniel Chan-Espinoza, Hugo A Ruiz-Piña, Elsy B Canché-Pool, Francisco J Escobedo-Ortegón, Alan Cuxim-Koyoc, Enrique Reyes-Novelo","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjaf102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaf102","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chagas disease is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas, a parasite with a life cycle involving hematophagous triatomines and vertebrate mammals as hosts. The parasite's metapopulation is nested within its biological habitat patches, or hosts. In anthropogenic landscapes, the hierarchical arrangement of territorial units (locality, block, property) complicates the identification of an appropriate geographic patch size to assess parasite and host persistence. In this study, we evaluated local spatial co-occurrence patterns among Triatoma dimidiata (sensu lato) (Latreille), Didelphis virginiana Allen, and T. cruzi using 3 distinct patch sizes: (i) property area (x¯=3115 ± 1.01 m2), (ii) perceptual range of D. virginiana (x¯=16241 ± 5.29 m2), and (3) urban block area (x¯=36473 ± 4.89 m2) averages, replicated across 10 localities in Yucatán, Mexico. A total of 1,437 host individuals were sampled, with infection prevalence reaching 12% in triatomines and 50.1% in opossums. We delineated over 13,000 spatial patches for assessing parasite-host dynamics. Our results showed that block-sized patches had a higher density of hosts and stronger host-parasite interactions, resulting in increased parasite occupancy in a smaller number of patches. While interactions varied more across localities in these patches, most localities exhibited significant spatial autocorrelation in patches defined by the perceptual range of D. virginiana. Co-occurrence patterns were best captured at the urban block scale. Increasing patch size led to a higher probability of non-random spatial co-occurrence, indicating that geographic patch size is a key factor in understanding how the spatial ecology of its hosts affects the distribution and persistence of T. cruzi.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145133002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Parker D Norman, Ahmed Garba, Clemence Obellianne, Meghan E Hermance
{"title":"Co-feeding transmission of Heartland virus between the North American tick, Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae), and the invasive East Asian tick, Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae).","authors":"Parker D Norman, Ahmed Garba, Clemence Obellianne, Meghan E Hermance","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjaf110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaf110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann is an invasive tick species from East Asia with a rapidly expanding geographic range in the United States. In a laboratory setting, H. longicornis has been shown to support transovarial transmission of Heartland virus (HRTV; genus Bandavirus), an emerging tick-borne pathogen responsible for human disease in the southern and midwestern United States. The native Amblyomma americanum (L.) is the primary known vector of HRTV, and field surveillance studies have documented co-feeding of H. longicornis and A. americanum on shared hosts, raising questions about the potential for interspecies viral transmission. To investigate whether H. longicornis can acquire HRTV through co-feeding with infected A. americanum, we used a mouse model in which HRTV-infected A. americanum nymphs were co-fed with uninfected H. longicornis larvae or nymphs and screened recipient ticks using q-RT-PCR. HRTV RNA was detected in H. longicornis collected from multiple mice, demonstrating interspecies co-feeding transmission of HRTV. Mouse blood samples were consistently negative for HRTV RNA, while some skin biopsies from tick feeding sites were positive for the virus, indicating nonviremic co-feeding transmission. These findings provide the first experimental evidence that H. longicornis can acquire HRTV RNA through co-feeding with A. americanum and could contribute to its maintenance in nature, even in the absence of a known vertebrate reservoir host for HRTV.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145126903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriela Felix-Nascimento, Ricardo Paredes-León, Ellen Candida Ataide-Gomes, Fabiano Matos Vieira, Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de Moura, Leonardo Barros Ribeiro, Jaqueline Bianque de Oliveira
{"title":"A new chigger species of the genus Hannemania Oudemans, 1911 (Acariformes: Prostigmata: Leeuwenhoekiidae) parasite of the Miranda's white-lipped frog Leptodactylus macrosternum (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in the Caatinga biome, Brazil.","authors":"Gabriela Felix-Nascimento, Ricardo Paredes-León, Ellen Candida Ataide-Gomes, Fabiano Matos Vieira, Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de Moura, Leonardo Barros Ribeiro, Jaqueline Bianque de Oliveira","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjaf117","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaf117","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A new chigger species of the genus Hannemania Oudemans, 1911 is described, which parasitizes the Miranda's white-lipped frog, Leptodactylus macrosternum Miranda-Ribeiro, 1926 (Anura: Leptodactylidae) in the Caatinga. The new species differs from all other Hannemania by having the odontus with more prongs (four) than the other species, except for H. argentina Lahille, 1927 that has one to five prongs. However, the new species can be separated from the latter by its fPp and the shape of bs seta. This new species is the 29th of the genus and the seventh species of Hannemania recorded in Brazil.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manar Soliman, Gregory M Williams, Mohammad M Ali, Aaron Preidel, Kim Cervantes, Mathew Bickerton, Dana Woell, Usha Yadav, Maria M Castellanos, William L Nicholson, Bryan N Ayres, James L Occi
{"title":"First finding of Rickettsia rickettsii in Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) in North America.","authors":"Manar Soliman, Gregory M Williams, Mohammad M Ali, Aaron Preidel, Kim Cervantes, Mathew Bickerton, Dana Woell, Usha Yadav, Maria M Castellanos, William L Nicholson, Bryan N Ayres, James L Occi","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjaf131","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaf131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a tick-borne infection caused by Rickettsia rickettsii Brumpt, which is included in the spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsioses. In the United States, RMSF is transmitted primarily by ticks in the genus Dermacentor and in parts of Arizona and northern Mexico, by Rhipicephalus sanguineus Latreille. SFG rickettsiosis cases have been reported throughout the United States, but between 2018 and 2022, 5 states (Alabama, Arkansas, Missouri, North Carolina, and Tennessee) accounted for over 50% of SFG rickettsiosis cases. The most virulent of the spotted fever group rickettsia (SFGR), R. rickettsii, is potentially fatal if misdiagnosed or left untreated. Tick surveillance is one tool that public health entomologists utilize in identifying potential hot spots of infected ticks. Although the prevalence of R. rickettsii in tick populations is generally low (∼1% or less), the severity of this disease warrants frequent surveillance for the pathogen. With the inadvertent introduction of the longhorned tick into the United States, and its proven laboratory competence for transmitting R. rickettsii, the New Jersey Department of Health initiated surveillance of this tick for R. rickettsii. Here, we report the first finding of R. rickettsii in field-collected longhorned ticks, Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chengtao Kang, Liangliang Li, Shipeng Shao, Yinghui Wang, Ruonan Zhang, Yundi Gao, Gengwang Hu, Yi Guo, Siqi Liu, Yu Wang
{"title":"Minimum postmortem interval estimation using the development and gene expression patterns of Hemipyrellia ligurriens (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) in Southern China.","authors":"Chengtao Kang, Liangliang Li, Shipeng Shao, Yinghui Wang, Ruonan Zhang, Yundi Gao, Gengwang Hu, Yi Guo, Siqi Liu, Yu Wang","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjaf106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaf106","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The developmental patterns of the oldest developing flies are commonly used by forensic entomologists to estimate the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin). Hemipyrellia ligurriens (Wiedemann, 1830) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are widely distributed in the Australian and Palearctic regions and are closely associated with human corpses. Here, the developmental pattern of H. ligurriens was studied under laboratory conditions at 7 different constant temperatures between 16 and 34 °C. Five models were established for the study of H. ligurriens, including an isomorphen diagram, an isomegalen diagram, a linear thermal summation model, a nonlinear SSI model, and a logistic model. The lower developmental threshold and thermal summation constant of H. ligurriens evaluated by the linear thermal summation models were 8.99 °C and 4,967.35 degree hours, respectively. The lower developmental threshold, intrinsic optimum temperature, and upper lethal developmental threshold obtained by Optim SSI models were 12.56, 19.91, and 33.21 °C, respectively. The expression levels of 5 genes (Hsp83, Hsp60, USP, wg, and amKI) were analyzed at sequential developmental time points to estimate the pupal formation time of H. ligurriens under constant temperatures of 16 and 25 °C, and to verify the temporal regularity of this process. This study provides a foundation for forensic entomologists to accurately estimate the PMImin using H. ligurriens in future death investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The expansion of the yellow fever mosquito (Aedes aegypti) and evidence of its establishment in the Las Vegas metropolitan area, Nevada, United States of America.","authors":"Saul Lozano, Vivek Raman, C Roxanne Connelly","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjaf115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjaf115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Aedes aegypti (L.) is the primary vector of several arboviruses, including chikungunya, dengue, Zika, and yellow fever viruses. While models have predicted a low likelihood for establishment of Ae. aegypti in the arid climate of the Las Vegas Metropolitan (Statistical) Area, United States, surveillance indicates it is established. Since its initial detection in 2017, its distribution has spread over the Las Vegas metro area, which has low precipitation and hot summers. We mapped the spread of Ae. aegypti over 5 yr using adult catches. A total of 407 census tracts in metro Las Vegas were surveyed at least once for a total of 8,895 trap nights. In 2017, 5 of 117 (4%) surveyed census tracts were positive. By 2023, the number of positive census tracts increased to 147 of 276 (53%). Our study highlights the need for effective vector control measures and public health strategies to mitigate the growing risk of vector-borne diseases in Las Vegas and other urban areas experiencing similar introductions of Ae. aegypti.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}