Journal of medical entomology最新文献

{"title":"Effect of mosquito lures and location types on the abundance of mosquitoes collected using Black Hole light traps at different collection periods.","authors":"Kanlayanee Powchai, Suthat Lhaosudto, Hassan Niyomdecha, Pithak Phonphai, Watthanasak Lertlumnaphakul, Jirod Nararak, Ratchadawan Ngoen-Klan, Theeraphap Chareonviriyaphap","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag139","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mosquito-borne diseases are considered a concern by the Ministry of Public Health, Thailand. Carbon dioxide (CO2)- and host-odor-based lures have been evaluated individually for their effectiveness in attracting mosquitoes. This study addressed a gap in mosquito surveillance by comparing 3 potential lures (yeast-generated CO2, BG-lure, and KU-lure) with UV-LED light traps at Kasetsart University, Bangkok, considering the effects of location types and collection periods. Over 48 trap-nights, a total of 1,713 mosquitoes were collected across 4 subsites (2 per location type: recreational park and residential area). Genus-level identification revealed the dominance of Culex (85.40%) and Aedes (13.60%). A generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) with a negative binomial distribution revealed that mosquito catch fluctuations were driven by spatial heterogeneity across subsites and temporal variation across nights. Among treatments, yeast-generated CO2 was the most effective, accounting for 49.21% of collections, with a catch rate ratio nearly 3-fold higher than the light trap alone (Exp (B) = 2.912, P < 0.001). Conversely, the BG-lure and KU-lure did not differ significantly from the control. Results for Cx. quinquefasciatus, the dominant species, were similar; both the trap lure and collection period significantly influenced the species abundance, whereas location type had no significant effect. Yeast-generated CO2 significantly enhanced light-trap captures (Exp (B) = 2.273, P < 0.001), whereas BG-lure and KU-lure did not differ from the control. Culex quinquefasciatus abundance increased throughout the night, peaking during 2 AM to 6 AM. Yeast-generated CO2 attracted the most mosquitoes across all treatments. This study provides evidence for lure selection in light-trap-based mosquito surveillance, supporting vector control efforts in Thailand.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Climate-driven redistribution of Hyalomma marginatum (Ixodida: Ixodidae): robust ecological niche modeling reveals future expansion and quantifies projection uncertainty.","authors":"Seyma S Celina, Jiří Černý, Abdallah M Samy","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag163","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyalomma marginatum (Ixodida: Ixodidae) is the principal vector of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) and an emerging public health concern because climate change may facilitate its establishment in regions where it is currently absent. We used ecological niche modeling to characterize the current climatic suitability of H. marginatum and project its future redistribution across the Old World under CMIP6 climate scenarios. Models were calibrated using a comprehensive dataset of spatially filtered occurrence records and bioclimatic predictors within a biologically informed accessible area (M). To evaluate projection robustness, we implemented 4 alternative accessible-area hypotheses (M1-M4), including an Eastern Hemisphere-constrained scenario, compared MaxEnt projections with independently fitted Boosted Regression Trees (BRT), and quantified prediction uncertainty using pixel-wise variance decomposition. Current projections identified the Mediterranean Basin, North Africa, the Middle East, and western to central Asia as the principal regions of climatic suitability. Future projections consistently indicated a marked northward redistribution of suitable conditions into Central and Northern Europe, particularly under the high-emissions SSP5-8.5 scenario, while localized reductions in suitability were projected across parts of southern Europe and North Africa. Accessible-area definition and modeling algorithm contributed more to overall projection uncertainty than differences among climate models or emissions scenarios, highlighting the importance of explicitly evaluating methodological uncertainty in ecological forecasts. The broad pattern of northward redistribution was consistent across accessible-area hypotheses, modeling algorithms, and climate projections, although quantitative uncertainty remained substantial. These findings provide a stronger evidence base for climate-informed surveillance and preparedness strategies for Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF).</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149229741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ectoparasite infestation of Leptonycteris yerbabuenae (Phyllostomidae) and Myotis californicus (Vespertilionidae) in the Baja California Peninsula, Mexico.","authors":"Aimée I Del Río-Trujillo, Juan B Morales-Malacara, Ricardo Paredes-León, Martín Y Cabrera-Garrido, Aldo A Guevara-Carrizales, F Sara Ceccarelli, Andrés Martínez-Aquino","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag141","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;We present the first ectoparasite infestation values (prevalence, mean abundance, and mean intensity) in two bats, Leptonycteris yerbabuenae (Phyllostomidae) from Carmen Island, Baja California Sur (BCS) (N = 11) and Myotis californicus (Vespertilionidae) from Los Manzanos, Baja California (BC) (N = 6), Mexico. Twelve ectoparasitic species were identified belonging to Argasidae, Macronyssidae, Spinturnicidae, Trombiculidae, Leeuwenhoekiidae, Myobiidae, Nycteribiidae, Streblidae, and Cimicidae. Leptonycteris yerbabuenae exhibited high prevalence of bat flies (Nycterophilia coxata: 72.73%, Trichobius sphaeronotus: 45.45%) compared to mites and ticks, while mites and bat bugs of M. californicus showed high prevalence (Macronyssus crosbyi: 83.33%, Cimex pilosellus: 66.67%). Leptotrombidium californicum, found on M. californicus, represents a new record for BC and the country, and showed the highest mean abundance (19.17 ± 46.95) and mean intensity (115). Nycterophilia coxata presented higher prevalence and abundance than mite Periglischrus paracaligus, and higher intensity than T. sphaeronotus, consistent with values of previous studies. The high mite prevalence of M. californicus (Cryptonyssus desultorius: 50% and M. crosbyi), contrasts with the low prevalence reported for populations from southern California and Oregon, USA (1% and 2%). The two bat species did not share ectoparasite taxa; however, larger sample sizes and appropriate statistical analyses are needed to test potential biogeographical and host specificity patterns. Therefore, infestation values reported in this study should be interpreted with caution until future studies support or challenge these inferences. Presentamos los primeros valores de infestación ectoparasitaria (prevalencia, abundancia promedio e intensidad promedio) en dos murciélagos: Leptonycteris yerbabuenae (Phyllostomidae) de la Isla del Carmen, Baja California Sur (BCS) (N = 11) y Myotis californicus (Vespertilionidae) de Los Manzanos, Baja California (BC) (N = 6), México. Se identificaron 12 especies ectoparásitas pertenecientes a las familias Argasidae, Macronyssidae, Spinturnicidae, Trombiculidae, Leeuwenhoekiidae, Myobiidae, Nycteribiidae, Streblidae y Cimicidae. Leptonycteris yerbabuenae presentó una alta prevalencia de moscas parásitas (Nycterophilia coxata: 72.73%, Trichobius sphaeronotus: 45.45%) en comparación con ácaros y garrapatas; mientras que ácaros y chinches de M. californicus mostraron una alta prevalencia (Macronyssus crosbyi: 83.33%, Cimex pilosellus: 66.67%). Leptotrombidium californicum, encontrado en M. californicus, representa un nuevo registro para BC y el país, y mostró la mayor abundancia promedio (19.17 ± 46.95) e intensidad promedio (115). Nycterophilia coxata presentó mayor prevalencia y abundancia que el ácaro Periglischrus paracaligus, y mayor intensidad que T. sphaeronotus, consistente con valores de estudios previos. La alta prevalencia de M. californicus (Cryptonyssus desultori","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148946447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of human trombiculosis caused by Eutrombicula alfreddugesi (Acariformes: Prostigmata: Trombiculidae) in Chamela, Jalisco, Mexico.","authors":"Ricardo Paredes-León, Carmen Guzmán-Cornejo","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag156","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A case of trombiculosis is presented at the Estación de Biología Chamela in Jalisco, Mexico. This occurred during an expedition in search of parasites in the fall of 2024. One of the participants presented small red macules on her shins and ankles, and when these were observed with a portable magnifying glass, the presence of chiggers (Trombiculidae) was confirmed. The mites were identified as Eutrombicula alfreddugesi (Oudemans), which caused severe trombiculosis due to hypersensitivity in the affected person. In addition to the morphological diagnosis of the chiggers found, a clinical description of the case is presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13628269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149120807","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of five systemic insecticide baits to control fleas (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae and Ceratophyllidae) on rodents (Rodentia: Muridae and Sciuridae).","authors":"Jeff N Borchert, Richard M Poché, Thomas J Keefe, David A Eads","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag153","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We evaluated the efficacy of 5 systemic insecticide compounds, each incorporated into edible baits to control flea (Siphonaptera) vectors of the plague bacterium Yersinia pestis (Lehmann and Neumann), with brown rats (Rattus norvegicus, Berkenhout) and rock squirrels (Otospermophilus variegatus, Erxleben) in a laboratory environment. Rodents were exposed to diets lacking or containing insecticides for 24 h at which point adult Ctenocephalides felis (Bouché), Xenopsylla cheopis (Rothschild), or Oropsylla montana (Baker) were applied to rodents. Fleas were monitored for survival 1 d later and subsequent time points to evaluate residual efficacy, with relative comparisons of survival rates for individual fleas applied to nontreated and treated hosts. With brown rats, cythioate was ineffective in suppressing fleas after 1 d; nitenpyram and selamectin were ineffective after 7 to 8 d. Imidacloprid suppressed C. felis survival on rats by 94% at day 1 but efficacy declined to 11% by day 8. Fipronil applied orally to rats suppressed the survival of C. felis and X. cheopis by 52% to 95% and 45% to 96% at days 1 and 7 to 8, respectively, and suppressed O. montana survival on rock squirrels by 70% to 94% from days 1 through 40. Results of this formative laboratory investigation sparked intensive field research on, and refinement of, fipronil baits for flea control, plague mitigation, wildlife conservation, and One Health objectives.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149121008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Initial detection of Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari: Ixodidae) in Michigan.","authors":"Myles Radersma, Jocelyn Nieze, Victor T Onyango, Vishvapali Kobbekaduwa, Rachel Burkholder, Emily A Pochubay, Kayla N Conner, Steffanie Anderson, Amy M Wilstermann, Jean I Tsao, William L Miller","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag166","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The invasive tick Haemaphysalis longicornis Neumann (Asian longhorned tick) was first detected in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States of America in 2017, prompting concerns about the introduction and establishment of this exotic pest. As of April 2025, H. longicornis expanded to 21 eastern and midwestern states. Haemaphysalis longicornis is a cattle pest that can cause anemia and exsanguination and is a vector of the parasite Theileria orientalis Ikeda. This report describes the first detection of H. longicornis in Michigan during surveillance for host-seeking ticks of public health concern. Ticks were collected via drag sampling from May to July 2025 at Grand Mere State Park (GMSP, Berrien County), located along Lake Michigan ∼30 km north of the Indiana border. Three H. longicornis nymphs were collected 30 May, 6 June, and 11 June. After detection of the first specimen, GMSP was revisited 6 times (total drag distance = 19,920 m2). Five other species were collected during surveillance for H. longicornis, including 302 specimens of the emerging Amblyomma americanum Linnaeus (lone star tick) and 1 A. maculatum Koch (Gulf Coast tick), the latter of which was not previously reported at this site or surrounding areas. One road-killed Odocoileus virginianus Zimmermann (white-tailed deer) was sampled for ticks ∼10 km south of GMSP. While no H. longicornis were detected, 13 A. americanum and 1 A. maculatum were found on this deer. Continued surveillance at GMSP and in the surrounding area is necessary to evaluate the potential distribution of H. longicornis in southwest Michigan.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149229667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mosquito diversity, range-expanding species, and host-feeding patterns across Virginia's heterogeneous landscapes.","authors":"John A Muller, Krisangel López, Joanna M Reinhold, Manette Tanelus, Chloé Lahondère, Sally E Paulson, Chad E Mire, Albert J Auguste","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag150","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag150","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Understanding how mosquito community, host use, and environmental drivers vary across landscapes is critical for predicting vector‑borne disease risk. Virginia spans multiple ecoregions and broad elevational gradient, yet statewide surveillance remains limited and concentrated near urban centers. To address surveillance gaps, we surveyed mosquitoes across four ecologically distinct sites in Virginia during 2022 to evaluate species diversity, bloodfeeding patterns, and environmental predictors of occurrence. Using CDC light traps, gravid traps, and supplemental aspiration, we collected 7,781 mosquitoes representing 34 species. Community composition varied significantly among sites: the Coastal Plain exhibited the greatest abundance and richness, while montane and urban sites supported lower but distinct assemblages. Several medically important and invasive species-including Aedes albopictus (Skuse), Aedes japonicus (Theobald), Culex pipiens/quinquefasciatus, Culiseta inornata (Williston), and the range-expanding Culex coronator (Dyar & Knab) and Culex nigripalpus (Theobald) were detected, providing new regional records beyond previously documented localities. Bloodmeal analysis from 18 specimens revealed predominantly mammalian feeding, with white‑tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus [Zimmermann]) comprising over 80% of identified hosts across taxa. Avian and amphibian hosts occurred at lower frequencies, indicating diverse host-vector interactions relevant to enzootic transmission. Random forest models identified elevation and trap type as the strongest predictors of species-specific occurrence, with climatic factors exerting secondary effects. Together, these findings show that mosquito distribution and host selection in Virginia are shaped by interacting ecological and environmental drivers, underscoring the need for expanded, ecologically informed surveillance to improve assessments of vector‑borne disease risk in the region.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13589571/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) and tickborne pathogens (Rickettsiales) associated with hosts at Zoo Miami.","authors":"Micaela Puertas, Michelle E J Allerdice, Marisa Bezjian, Christopher D Paddock, Jerome Goddard, William L Nicholson, Alyssa N Snellgrove","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag147","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Incidence of tickborne diseases is increasing in the United States, with nearly half a million cases estimated to occur annually. The rising burden of tickborne disease in the United States underscores the need to investigate the presence and prevalence of tick species and associated pathogens. Southern Florida serves as an introductory point for non-native invasive reptiles, amphibians, and ectoparasites due to the region's international ports and tropical climate. At Zoo Miami, visitors are near exhibit animals and free-living invasive species, including cane toads and green iguanas. This study identified ticks removed from reptiles and amphibians at Zoo Miami and analyzed these ticks for bacteria in the order Rickettsiales. 309 ticks were collected over a 2-year period (October 2022 to November 2024; Amblyomma dissimile Koch, 1844 (266/309), Amblyomma rotundatum Koch, 1844 (41/309), and A. tuberculatum Marx, 1894 (2/309). Rickettsia spp. DNA (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) was identified in A. dissimile (4.14%) and A. rotundatum (4.88%), including a Rickettsia species similar to several strains of R. parkeri based on a portion of the ompA gene. Three ticks contained Anaplasmataceae DNA (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), including 1 Ehrlichia chaffeensis-positive A. rotundatum, and 1 A. dissimile containing E. canis-like DNA. This study represents the first report to jointly describe ticks and their rickettsial bacteria from Zoo Miami, including novel host records for A. dissimile and A. rotundatum. Paired with identification of an ehrlichial pathogen, these novel host associations highlight the importance of tick surveillance for pathogens of public health concern in zoos and other animal facilities in southern Florida.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of different tissue substrates on the development and gut microbiota of Sarcophaga peregrina (Diptera: Sarcophagidae).","authors":"Chengxin Ye, Yang Xia, Sile Chen, Lele Tian, Hai Wu, Pei Liu, Fengqin Yang, Xiangyan Zhang, Sheng Hu, Fan Yang, Lei Zhao, Xingchun Zhao, Yanjie Shang, Yadong Guo","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag110","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Developmental data from necrophagous flies are widely used to estimate the minimum postmortem interval (PMImin), but their reliability may be affected by larval feeding substrate and associated gut microbiota. Under controlled laboratory conditions, we investigated the effects of three porcine tissues (liver, lung, and muscle) on the development and gut microbial communities of Sarcophaga peregrina (Robineau-Desvoidy) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae). Developmental duration, larval body length, and pupal length were recorded, and gut samples from six developmental stages were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Feeding substrate affected development mainly during the feeding stages, with the second instar showing the greatest sensitivity. Larvae reared on liver developed significantly faster than those reared on muscle, whereas maximum larval length did not differ among groups; pupae from the liver group were significantly larger. Gut microbiota analysis showed that developmental stage was the primary driver of community succession, while feeding substrate further shaped microbial divergence during feeding. The dominant bacterial phyla across samples were Pseudomonadota, Bacillota, and Bacteroidota. The liver-fed group was enriched in Bacillota-associated taxa, including Vagococcus, Lactococcus, and Peptostreptococcus, whereas the lung- and muscle-fed groups showed greater enrichment of Wohlfahrtiimonas, Ignatzschineria, and Providencia. LEfSe, functional prediction, and random forest classification further supported clear substrate-associated differences. These findings show that tissue substrate influences both development and gut microbial succession in S. peregrina and may affect PMImin interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148371498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardization of an in vitro test for doramectin, fipronil, chlorpyrifos, and fluralaner against Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae) larvae.","authors":"Vinícius Monteiro Ferreira, Diefrey Ribeiro Campos, Jéssica D'Ávilla De Assis, Ygor Henrique Da Silva, Ramon Da Luz Bezerra, Luana Cristine Ferreira De Souza, Anna Carolina Teixeira De Jesus, Maria Eduarda Correia Oliveira, Guilherme Dos Santos Aguiar, Guilherme Marcondes Klafke, José Reck, Fabio Barbour Scott, Thaís Ribeiro Correia Azevedo","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag130","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) is the main etiological agent of myiasis in Latin America. In vitro bioassays are essential for detecting insecticide resistance development in the laboratory. This study evaluated different in vitro bioassay methodologies targeting C. hominivorax third-instar larvae. Chlorpyrifos, fipronil, fluralaner, and doramectin, were tested using either a filter paper assay or larval immersion for three different durations. In the filter paper assays, 9 concentrations of each active ingredient were applied to filter paper discs. After drying, the discs were placed in Petri dishes and ten third-instar larvae of C. hominivorax were introduced to each disc. In the immersion assays, groups were submerged in solutions containing the same concentrations used in the filter paper tests. In both methods, each concentration was evaluated in 6 replicates at 24, 48, and 72 h after exposure for larvicidal effects and for eventual adult emergence. These were then reported as median lethal concentrations (LC50) and inhibition emergence concentrations (IE50) when possible. The 72-h exposure period was most appropriate for evaluating maximal mortality across the tested methodologies. For all active ingredients assessed, the administered doses required to induce mortality were sufficient to inhibit the emergence of the challenged individuals. The filter paper assay method demonstrated greater larvicidal efficacy for fluralaner against C. hominivorax larvae, whereas the larval immersion method exhibited higher efficacy for both fipronil and doramectin. These findings support the standardization of in vitro bioassays for preliminary screening of ectoparasiticides and for resistance monitoring in field populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148702947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}