Journal of medical entomology最新文献

{"title":"Correction to: Detection of Anaplasma marginale (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae) in host-seeking adult Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae) on cattle pastures, Missouri, United States.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag092","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Distribution of vector abundance and infection rates in relation to human vector-borne disease cases in Nebraska.","authors":"Sarah A Uhm, Halie Smith, Su Chen, Peter C Iwen, Emily L McCutchen, Amanda M Bartling, Roberto Cortiñas, David Brett-Major, M Jana Broadhurst, Jeff Hamik, Joseph R Fauver","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vector-borne diseases represent a growing public health issue nationwide. Nebraska reports a sustained burden of mosquito-borne diseases and expanding tick-borne disease risk. This study aims to assess retrospective surveillance data for vector abundance, vector infection rates, and human vector-borne disease reports to examine the relationship between vector factors and human risk. Vector abundance and pathogen infection rates were mapped alongside the presence and incidence of key vector-borne diseases. Mosquito surveillance and mosquito-borne disease data were available from 2012 to 2024, while tick surveillance and tick-borne disease data were available from 2021 to 2024. Statistical models and comparative tests were used to explore associations between vector factors and disease reports. In the full 2012-2024 dataset, only Culex tarsalis abundance was associated with human WNV case counts. In a contemporary subset (2021-2024), Culex pipiens pooled infection rate showed a significant negative association with human cases, although this relationship was not observed in the full dataset. Tick surveillance indicates established populations of vector tick species in distinct regions of the state, with pathogen detections generally aligning with areas where human cases have been reported. However, there was no positive association between tick infection rates and the presence of human cases. Differences in the level of human case reporting and data availability affected interpretation of long-term trends and limited strong conclusions regarding direct relationships between vector factors and human disease. Continued integration of entomological surveillance with human case information may help clarify patterns of vector-borne disease risk and inform efforts to address current and emerging threats in Nebraska.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of natural predators, microbial bioinsecticides, and plant-based bioinsecticides to reduce mosquito-borne disease burden: a systematic review.","authors":"Silvia Tortosa-La Osa, Francisco Lobato-Rayo, Eva Martín-Ruiz, Antonio Olry de Labry-Lima","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag095","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag095","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mosquito-borne diseases are a major public health burden given the limited pharmacological options. While the adverse effects of synthetic insecticides are well documented, it is necessary to assess whether environmentally friendly interventions are effective for disease control. Although natural predators, microbial bioinsecticides and plant-based bioinsecticides have gained attention for their specificity and reduced environmental impact, no comprehensive synthesis of evidence on their effectiveness in reducing disease burden has been conducted, highlighting the need for this review. A PRISMA 2020-compliant systematic searched for literature published from 2000 to 2026 in PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, Web of Science, LILACS, and CAB Abstracts. Experimental field studies evaluating these interventions against Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex, reporting epidemiological indicators of chikungunya, dengue, Zika, lymphatic filariasis, West Nile virus, Rift Valley fever, yellow fever, malaria, or Japanese encephalitis, were eligible. Due to outcome heterogeneity, a narrative synthesis was performed instead of a meta-analysis. Eighteen studies from Asia, Africa, Central America, and South America, assessing bacterial larvicides, copepods, and larvivorous fish, were included. Only five studies performed statistical analysis to compare intervention and control groups, two of which found no significant association between the intervention and the disease outcome. The remaining sixteen reduced disease burden in intervention groups with different levels of evidence. These interventions show potential to reduce the burden of dengue, malaria, and chikungunya across diverse settings, supporting their role as promising alternative or complementary tools for disease control. Future research would benefit from more experimental designs, standardized epidemiological outcomes, and robust statistical analysis. Prospero  Registration Number CRD42024628633.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13394702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stage-specific divergence in larval thermal tolerance among populations of the Culex pipiens Assemblage.","authors":"Benjamin P Gregory, Helle Aronson, Clément Vinauger, Chloé Lahondère, Megan L Fritz","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag115","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag115","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Climate change is shifting the distribution of insect vectors of disease, with consequences for human pathogen exposure. Predicting these range shifts requires understanding vectors' physiological limits. In North America, West Nile virus is transmitted primarily by two closely related and interbreeding Culex species-Cx. pipiens in the north and Cx. quinquefasciatus in the south-which, together with Cx. pipiens f. molestus comprise the North American Cx. pipiens Assemblage. Although the assemblage is widely distributed, little is known about how temperature shapes its species' ranges, particularly in the larval stage, where selection by temperature extremes is likely stronger than in adults. We compared larval thermal tolerance of first and fourth instars under high- and low-temperature extremes among five assemblage populations from the eastern United States. Southern Cx. quinquefasciatus populations were more tolerant of high temperatures than northern Cx. pipiens populations, whereas northern populations showed greater freezing tolerance in later stages. We also quantified larval macronutrient composition by colorimetric assay to characterize population-level differences in fitness-relevant energy stores. Populations differed in composition, but these differences did not align with thermal-tolerance patterns. Finally, we extended the first-instar high-temperature assay to two mid-latitude populations from within and near the hybrid zone in Maryland. Their thermal tolerance was intermediate to northern and southern populations', and LT50 was marginally correlated with collection-site climate after correcting for multiple comparisons. These findings provide empirical data on physiological variation within the Cx. pipiens Assemblage and inform future investigation of the genetic basis of thermal tolerance and range shifts.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13348710/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148427791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of 2 ornamental plants Citronella-Scented Geranium (Geraniales: Geraniaceae) and prostrate rosemary (Lamiales: Lamiaceae) for spatial repellency of host-seeking mosquitoes.","authors":"Mario Novelo, James Brodigan, Whitney Clack, Trevor Fowles, Sarah S Wheeler","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag131","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag131","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mosquitoes are important vectors of pathogens, including West Nile virus, in California's Central Valley. Public interest in plant-based mosquito repellents is widespread. Local residents frequently inquire whether ornamental plants provide mosquito protection however, the effectiveness of plants as spatial repellents is uncertain. To address this, we screened 6 candidate ornamental plants using laboratory Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, plants screened included: white yarrow (Achillea millefolium, Linnaeus), lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus Stapf), lavender (Lavandula angustifolia, Miller), prostrate rosemary (Salvia rosmarinus 'Prostratus', Spenner), white sage (Salvia apiana, Jepson), and Citronella-Scented (CS) geranium (Pelargonium citrosum, L'Héritier). Citronella-Scented geranium and prostrate rosemary ranked highest in qualitative repellency scores and were selected for further examination based on retail availability. These 2 species were then evaluated in replicated field trials in both urban and rural locations over 16 wk. Treatments were rotated among sites using a Latin square design and compared against standard surveillance controls and a metofluthrin-based spatial repellent (Thermacell E90). Neither plant treatment reduced catch rates of host-seeking mosquitoes relative to controls under passive or mechanically damaged conditions at either location, while the metofluthrin treatment produced consistently lower mosquito captures at both locations. These results suggest that whole ornamental plants do not provide spatial repellency under realistic field deployment conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13425642/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148633327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diversity, spatiotemporal distribution, and host associations of flea species, with detection of co-infection with Rickettsia asembonensis and Wolbachia spp.","authors":"Mehran Khan, Yasir Ali, Rizwan Khan, Alanoud T Aljasham, Abid Ali","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Fleas are ectoparasites of wild and domestic animals and can transmit various pathogens, including Rickettsia species, while also harboring endosymbiotic Wolbachia species. Although some studies have morphologically identified certain fleas along with their hosts, no reports have documented the spatiotemporal occurrence of fleas and/or molecular screening of flea-associated microorganisms in Pakistan. A total of 617 hosts were examined, including dogs (253, 41.0%), goats (282, 45.7%), humans (44, 7.1%), rats (19, 3.1%), and porcupines (19, 3.1%). The collected fleas were morphologically identified as Ctenocephalides canis (347/534, 65.0%), Ctenocephalides felis (120/534, 22.5%), Xenopsylla cheopis (16/534, 3.0%), and Pulex irritans (51/534, 9.6%). Overall, 259 hosts (42.0%) were found to be infested, with the highest prevalence in dogs (152/253, 60.1%), followed by porcupines (8/19, 42.1%), goats (87/282, 30.9%), rats (5/19, 26.3%), and humans (7/44, 15.9%). Ctenocephalides canis and C. felis were collected on both dogs and goats, while X. cheopis was collected from rats, and P. irritans on both humans and porcupines. In the collected samples, more fleas were observed during summer than winter. The obtained Rickettsiales gltA sequence from C. canis showed 99.7% identity with Rickettsia asembonensis previously reported from C. canis and C. felis from Brazil, Colombia, and Peru, whereas amplification of ompA and ompB was unsuccessful. The obtained 16S rDNA sequence of Rickettsiales detected in C. canis and C. felis showed 99.8% and 99.7% identity, respectively, with siphonaptern-associated Wolbachia spp. reported from Malaysia and Brazil. Similarly, the obtained coxA sequence of Rickettsiales from C. canis and C. felis showed 100% and 99.7% identity, respectively, with siphonaptern-associated Wolbachia spp. reported from Malaysia and the United States. Out of 80 screened fleas, 35/80 (43.8%) were positive for Wolbachia spp., and 16/80 (20%) for R. asembonensis, while 7/80 (8.8%) fleas were co-infected with Wolbachia spp. and R. asembonensis. Phylogenetically, gltA sequence of R. asembonensis was clustered with the same species reported from Peru, Brazil, and Colombia. Similarly, 16S rDNA sequences of Wolbachia spp. from C. canis and C. felis clustered with the Wolbachia spp. previously detected in C. canis from China and Turkey and Ctenocephalides orientis from Malaysia, and in C. felis from Brazil and the United States, respectively. The coxA sequences of Wolbachia spp. from C. canis and C. felis clustered with Wolbachia spp. previously detected in C. orientis in Malaysia and in C. felis from United States, respectively. Besides flea diversity, this preliminary study, for the first time in Pakistan, investigated spatiotemporal distribution and host associations of fleas, as well as molecular assessment of flea-associated microorganisms.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148414521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The chemical signatures of mating in Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae): evidence for mating-induced remodeling of cuticular hydrocarbons.","authors":"Paul V Hickner, Kenneth L O'Dell, Aaron G Snoddy, Agustin Sagel, Alex P Arp, Adalberto Á Pérez de León, Zainulabeuddin Syed","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag133","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The New World screwworm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae), remains one of the most economically important livestock pests in the Americas. Although wound-associated attractants and putative contact pheromones have been identified, little is known about how mating influences cuticular chemical signals associated with reproductive communication used for Sterile Insect Technique (SIT)-based eradication programs. Here, we characterized cuticular hydrocarbon (CHC) profiles of virgin and mated male and female C. hominivorax (J-06 strain) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and multivariate analyses. Twenty-one major hydrocarbons, consisting primarily of n-alkanes and mono- and dimethyl-branched hydrocarbons ranging from C23 to C37 , were detected across all treatment groups. Total hydrocarbon abundance did not differ among treatments; however, CHC composition differed significantly between sexes and was strongly influenced by mating status. Virgin males and females exhibited pronounced sexual dimorphism, with males enriched in lower-molecular-weight hydrocarbons and females characterized by greater relative abundances of longer-chain compounds. Mating-induced substantial shifts in CHC composition, particularly in females. The compounds contributing most strongly to these differences were predominantly methyl- and dimethyl-branched hydrocarbons implicated in mate recognition and reproductive signaling. These findings identify mating status as a previously unrecognized determinant of CHC composition, provide the first characterization of mating-associated variation in cuticular hydrocarbons in C. hominivorax, and identify candidate chemical signatures of mating that may contribute to female monogamy and provide candidate semiochemicals for future behavioral and functional studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148687417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Landscape genetics of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Diptera: Calliphoridae): predicting dispersal pathways and expansion potential after reintroduction.","authors":"Kelly da Silva E Souza, Tatiana Teixeira Torres","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag119","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jme/tjag119","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The New World screwworm fly, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel, 1858) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), is an obligate parasitic blowfly that causes traumatic myiasis and represents a major threat to livestock production in the Neotropics. Although eradication programs based on the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) successfully eliminated the species from North and Central America, the risk of reinvasion remains a persistent concern. Understanding how landscape structure influences dispersal and connectivity is therefore essential for improving surveillance and control strategies. We evaluated the influence of landscape configuration on gene flow using microsatellite data from 24 populations across South America. Resistance surfaces were generated from land-use maps by assigning resistance values (0 to 100) to landscape classes, producing 10,000 alternative resistance scenarios. Resistance distances were correlated with genetic differentiation (FST), and model selection was performed using Akaike's Information Criterion (AIC). Among all scenarios, only 13 showed significant associations (r = 0.271 to 0.513). The best-supported model explained 26.3% of the variation in genetic differentiation and identified lower resistance in pasture-dominated and agricultural mosaic landscapes, whereas preserved vegetation and water bodies imposed higher resistance. Sensitivity analyses demonstrated that model performance improved with increasing sample size and stabilized at approximately 10 to 14 populations, indicating that robust inference depends on adequate sampling. These results highlight the role of landscape structure in shaping connectivity and provide a spatial framework for identifying dispersal corridors and regions vulnerable to reinvasion.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148595365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute sublethal heat stress impairs blood feeding and trypanosome infection in the kissing bug, Rhodnius prolixus.","authors":"Syeda Farjana Hoque, Paige Crawford, Ann Miller, Joshua Tompkin, Milad Ahmed, Asima Das, César González-Zermeño, Noelia Lander, Joshua B Benoit","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag116","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag116","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Kissing bugs are the primary vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease. Kissing bugs are exposed to thermal variability, including short periods of heat stress, which can induce mortality or exert sublethal effects. This study investigated Rhodnius prolixus Stål (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) following brief periods of high thermal stress with respect to survival, blood feeding, developmental processes, and T. cruzi infection, with a focus on sublethal effects. Our results demonstrated a significant decrease in survival for R. prolixus at 42 °C for 8 h. When exposed to sub-lethal thermal stress (40 °C for 8 h), blood ingestion (amount and proportion) was reduced after 24 h of recovery from thermal stress. Among the bugs that fed after 24 h, molting was not impacted by temperature exposure. The infection rate decreased after heat exposure, likely due to reduced blood volume ingested when feeding 24 h after heat stress. A week of recovery after exposure to higher temperatures improved feeding and increased infection rates to levels comparable to those of kissing bugs not exposed to thermal stress. Our findings offer insights into how extreme temperature events may influence Chagas disease. Specifically, these studies highlight the need to clarify how temperature, particularly at sublethal levels, interacts with R. prolixus to alter parasite transmission.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13394495/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148581656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphological characteristics of antennal and maxillary palp sensilla in three East Asian biting midges, Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae).","authors":"Da-Reum Heo, Ulziijargal Bayarsaikhan, Jin Hyeok Choi, Abdulkadir Yusif Maigoro, Yang-Seop Bae, Hyung Wook Kwon","doi":"10.1093/jme/tjag113","DOIUrl":"10.1093/jme/tjag113","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The genus Culicoides Latreille (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) comprises small hematophagous insects that transmit a range of arboviruses. Hematophagous insects depend on olfactory sensilla on their antennae and maxillary palps to detect various environmental odors, enabling them to select oviposition sites, locate hosts, and mate. However, studies on the morphology and distribution of Culicoides sensilla are limited to major European and African species. In this study, we observed the types and distribution of sensilla on the antennae and maxillary palps of Culicoides arakawae, Culicoides punctatus, and Culicoides tainanus, species commonly found in East Asian countries using scanning electron microscopy. Seven types of sensilla were observed on the antennae and maxillary palps. We found that the composition and distribution of sensilla varied among species. Furthermore, some sensilla exhibited morphological characteristics not previously reported in the literature. This study provides baseline data on the distribution and morphology of sensory organs of Culicoides species collected in East Asia. The present study will expand morphological data that have been limited to certain regions and contribute to the interpretation of future electrophysiological recordings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94091,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medical entomology","volume":"63 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148439856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}