{"title":"Correction to: Forensic investigation of a shawl linked to the \"Jack the Ripper\" murders.","authors":"","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70041","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lúcio Paulo Lima Logrado, Bruna Miguel Ferreira da Silva, Breno Amaro da Silveira Neto
{"title":"Assessment of handheld Raman spectroscopy for forensic analysis of dark-colored bulk explosive fuel-oxidizer mixtures.","authors":"Lúcio Paulo Lima Logrado, Bruna Miguel Ferreira da Silva, Breno Amaro da Silveira Neto","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.70038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/1556-4029.70038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The field identification of explosives is critical for crime response, requiring specialized protocols and often the support of Explosive Ordnance Disposal (EOD) teams to ensure safety. Handheld Raman spectrometers are widely used for this purpose due to their portability, nondestructive analysis, and ability to detect both organic and inorganic compounds with minimal sample preparation. However, their effectiveness is limited for dark-colored explosives-such as black powder, flash powder, and sulfur-chlorate explosives-commonly encountered in criminal activities. These mixtures pose unique challenges, including poor spectral quality caused by light absorption and the risk of ignition during direct analysis. This study addresses these challenges by introducing a simple and effective methodology for the safe identification of oxidizing salts in dark-colored fuel-oxidizer mixtures using handheld Raman spectrometers. The approach involves aqueous extraction followed by Raman analysis of the extract, improving safety and yielding reliable results by circumventing the limitations of direct solid analysis. Results confirmed that direct analysis of these mixtures is unsafe and ineffective, with three mixtures igniting during testing and others providing insufficient spectral data. In contrast, the aqueous extraction method enabled the successful identification of oxidizing salts in all tested samples using basic materials commonly found in crime scene kits. This technique supports field investigations, such as the seizure of suspected explosive materials, helping in decision-making during on-site investigations.</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143775273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Genotyping strategies for tissues fixed with various embalming fluids for human identification, databasing, and traceability.","authors":"Madeline Ashton, Natalia Czado, Michelle Harrel, Sheree Hughes","doi":"10.1111/1556-4029.15414","DOIUrl":"10.1111/1556-4029.15414","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Within anatomical willed body programs and skeletal collections, whole bodies and their disassociated limbs and organs are identified and tracked. However, if these tracking mechanisms fail, DNA recovered from the formalin-fixed tissues/organs could provide an additional layer of quality assurance. Embalming fluids preserve biological tissues; however, they also damage, fragment, and cross-link DNA and protein molecules. This project investigated the success of STR-typing from various soft tissue and bone samples that were fixed with embalming solutions with a range of formaldehyde concentrations. Formalin-fixed samples dissected from five cadavers, including skin, muscle, bone, heart, and kidney were used in Phase 1 of this study. In Phase 2, an additional 57 tissue samples from various embalmed organs and body parts were collected to demonstrate long-term fixation and direct applicability within a body donor program. DNA was extracted from the samples using the QIAamp® FFPE Tissue Kit (QIAGEN), quantified with the Investigator® QuantiPlex® Pro RGQ qPCR Kit (QIAGEN), and amplified using the Investigator® 24plex and 26plex QS Kits and the Investigator® DIPplex Kit (QIAGEN). The results show the DNA was severely damaged, degraded, and often in low amounts (after one year post-embalming). Sampling from skin and muscle tissues embalmed with ~2.5%-5% formaldehyde solutions appears to be the best strategy for identification, while also maintaining the preservation of the tissues. The results of this project can provide informative data when determining which genotyping strategy may be best suited for the identification, re-association, and establishment of a database for the provenance of formalin-fixed human remains.</p>","PeriodicalId":94080,"journal":{"name":"Journal of forensic sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71416309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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