Journal of cancer research and therapeutics最新文献

{"title":"Cone-beam CT-guided thermal ablation vs video-assisted thoracic surgery in treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer: A propensity score matching analysis.","authors":"Zhiyuan Zheng, Guoshu Bi, Mengfei Wu, Guangyu Yao, Feihang Wang, Yav Sothea, Jiemin Cheng, Hong Fan, Zhiping Yan, Xiaolin Wang, Lingxiao Liu","doi":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2187_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2187_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study aimed to compare the safety and effectiveness of cone-beam CT (CBCT)-guided thermal ablation vs video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) in patients with stage I-IIIA non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>A total of 43 NSCLC patients underwent CBCT-guided thermal ablation, and 899 patients received VATS. After 1:1 propensity score matching (PSM), 32 patients were included in each cohort. Overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS), recurrence rates, length of hospital stay, and complications were analyzed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean OS was 3.02 ± 1.31 years in the ablation group and 4.79 ± 2.87 years in the VATS group (P = 0.08). The mean DFS was 2.30 ± 1.55 years and 4.34 ± 2.98 years, respectively (P = 0.021). Local and distant recurrence occurred in five (15.6%) and seven (21.9%) patients in the ablation group, and in six (18.8%) and seven (21.9%) patients in the VATS group, with no significant difference in overall recurrence (P = 0.595). The hospital stay was significantly shorter in the ablation group (3.67 ± 2.04 days) than in the VATS group (8.21 ± 3.68 days, P < 0.0001). The incidences of pneumothorax (P = 0.430), infection (P = 0.086), pneumonia (P = 0.554), and fever (P = 0.230) were comparable between groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CBCT-guided thermal ablation is a safe and effective treatment option for patients with stage I-IIIA NSCLC.</p>","PeriodicalId":94070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147793071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Progress in metabolic reprogramming of gastric malignant tumors to remodel tumor immune microenvironments.","authors":"Na Wang, Kai Wang, Feixue Song","doi":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_23_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_23_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Metabolic reprogramming alters the processes by which tumor cells generate energy and synthesize products, affecting their growth and survival. It also reshapes the tumor microenvironment by influencing immune cell function and interaction. Current literature suggests that the metabolic characteristics of gastric malignancies are closely associated with tumor immune evasion and inflammatory responses, thereby influencing immune cell infiltration, tumor progression, and patient prognosis. Despite some progress, research on metabolic reprogramming in gastric cancer (GC) is challenging, particularly in understanding the specific mechanisms involved and their clinical applications. This review aims to comprehensively explore the mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming in GC and analyze its impact on the tumor immune microenvironment. We also propose potential metabolic-immune therapeutic strategies, such as glutaminase inhibitors, lactate transport blockers, and immune checkpoint therapy combined with metabolic regulators, providing new ideas and directions for immunotherapy in GC.</p>","PeriodicalId":94070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147470503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy and influencing factors of gamma knife radiosurgery for primary jugular foramen tumors.","authors":"Huiyang Luo, Shihong Zhu, Xiyue Lu, Sijun Diao, Zhongyu Li, Xiaoyu Wang, Jing Chen","doi":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_21_25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_21_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) is a key treatment method for intracranial neoplasms, particularly primary jugular foramen tumors. The risks associated with surgical resection and conventional radiotherapy have prompted interest in GKRS, which facilitates precise, high-dose delivery with minimal collateral damage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective study comprised 219 patients with primary jugular foramen tumors treated from June 2014 to June 2024. The patients were divided into two groups based on the treatment received: conventional fractionated external beam radiotherapy (EBRT, n = 103) and GKRS (n = 116). Treatment efficacy was evaluated using magnetic resonance imaging and the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors criteria 6 months post-treatment. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to identify factors affecting the treatment outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The GKRS group exhibited a significantly higher complete and partial response rates compared to the EBRT group (25.86% vs. 9.71% and 30.17% vs. 22.33%, respectively). The GKRS group showed a significantly lower rate of progressive disease (5.17% vs. 23.3%, P < 0.001) and fewer cranial nerve-related adverse effects (P = 0.008) compared to the EBRT group. The factors predicting poor GKRS efficacy included a large tumor volume, intra-/extracranial extension, and transient expansion (P = 0.005, 0.010, and 0.005, respectively).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>GKRS demonstrated superior efficacy and a better safety profile than EBRT for managing primary jugular foramen tumors. Tumor type, volume, and morphology significantly influenced GKRS outcomes, highlighting the need for tailored treatment strategies based on individual tumor characteristics.</p>","PeriodicalId":94070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research and therapeutics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147470488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vulnerability assessment and decision-making in older patients with head and neck cancers planned for chemoradiation: Experience from a Tertiary Care Cancer Centre in India.","authors":"Vanita Noronha, Laboni Sarkar, Anupa Pillai, Abhijith Rajaram Rao, Anita Kumar, Ratan Dhekale, Sarika Mahajan, Anuradha Daptardar, Lekhika Sonkusare, Manjusha Vagal, Purabi Mahajan, Shivshankar Timmanpyati, Vikram Gota, Sarbani Laskar, Ashwini Budrukar, Monali Swain, Ankush Shetake, Oindrila Roy Chowdhury, Akash Pawar, Kumar Prabhash","doi":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_880_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_880_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We aimed to evaluate characteristics and outcomes of patients with locally advanced head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma (LAHNSCC) planned for chemoradiation, and the role of geriatric assessment (GA) in decision-making.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We included patients aged ≥60 years with LAHNSCC planned for chemoradiation referred to the geriatric oncology clinic between 2018 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 164 patients included, vulnerabilities were recorded in 36/148 (24.3%) patients assessed for functions and falls, 41/84 (48.8%) for comorbidities, 88/148 (55.4%) for nutrition, 26/148 (17.6%) for psychological, 6/87 (6.9%) for cognition, 25/84 (29.8%) for polypharmacy, and 8/148 (5.4%) for social domains. 76/148 (51.4%) were frail, with ≥2 vulnerabilities. 35 (21.3%) patients received radiotherapy alone; 117 (71.3%) patients received chemoradiation. Among 99 (86.4%) patients whose chemotherapy had not been planned prior to GA, chemotherapy regimen plan was changed after GA in 13 (13.1%). 24-month overall survival (OS) was 64.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 52.2%-80.3%). Factors significantly associated with poor OS were performance status (PS) ≥2 (hazard ratio [HR] 5.38, CI 2.39-12.1), vulnerability in nutrition (HR 2.52, CI 1.17-5.39), higher Cancer Aging and Research Group (CARG) chemotherapy toxicity score (HR 9.92, CI 3.91-25.16) and frailty (HR 10.51, CI 2.89-38.22). Factors associated with grade 3/4 toxicity included vulnerability in nutrition, higher CARG chemotherapy toxicity score and PS ≥2.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Among older Indian patients with locally advanced head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma planned for concurrent chemoradiation, 71.3% patients went on to receive concurrent chemotherapy following the GA. Frailty, vulnerability in nutrition, poor performance status and higher CARG chemotherapy toxicity prediction score were predictive for shorter survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":94070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research and therapeutics","volume":"22 1","pages":"168-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147577295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of acute skin reactions in hypofractionated chest wall irradiation on a telecobalt machine for breast cancer.","authors":"G N Manjunath, M Krishna Raj, Santhosha Kulal","doi":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_109_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_109_25","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Adjuvant chest wall radiation therapy for postmastectomy breast cancer patients is highly effective in reducing the risk of locoregional recurrence. Hypofractionated regimen is increasingly being adopted in adjuvant radiotherapy. One of the reasons for its slow adoption is the concern that a hypofractionated regimen can lead to higher side effects, such as radiation-induced dermatitis. Even while modern techniques like intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3DCRT) have made great strides in protecting healthy tissues, the use of two-dimensional treatments with a telecobalt machine is still prevalent in many parts of developing countries like India. Hence, we conducted a retrospective study of the incidence and severity of radiation-induced dermatitis in breast cancer patients undergoing hypofractionated chest wall radiation therapy on a telecobalt machine.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;1. To evaluate acute skin reaction in patients treated with chest wall hypofractionated adjuvant radiation in carcinoma of the breast on a telecobalt machine. 2. To evaluate the incidence of severity of odynophagia. 3. To evaluate the weight change during treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this retrospective study, we analyzed the data from postmodified radical mastectomy (PMRM) breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant chest wall radiotherapy using a hypofractionated regimen on a telecobalt machine at our hospital from 2017 to 2023 after institutional ethical committee approval. One hundred and fifty-six patients were treated with a hypofractionated regimen during this time period. The hypofractionated radiation schedule used was 40 Gy in 15 fractions with 2.66 Gy per fraction over 3 weeks, with 5 fractions per week on a telecobalt machine. Patient demographics, disease characteristics, treatment details, comorbidities, and skin reactions during treatment were retrieved from patient records and analyzed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In our study, 148 (89.74%) patients had no skin reaction, and 16 patients had grade I radiation induced dermatitis during first week. During second week 88 (56.41%) patients had no skin reaction and 70 (56.41%) patients had grade I radiation induced dermatitis During third week, 137 (87.82%) patients had grade 1 and 9 (5.76%) patients developed grade 2 radiation induced dermatitis. None of the patient had grade III or IV radiation dermatitis during the treatment. During week 1 no patients had odynophagia and during week 2, grade 1 and 2 odynophagia was observed in 3 and 2 patients, respectively. Grade I odynophagia was observed in 16 patients and grade 2 odynophagia was documented in 9 patients during 3rd week of treatment and none of the patients had significant weight loss during treatment.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our study demonstrates that hypofractionated adjuvant chest wall radiation therapy using a teleco","PeriodicalId":94070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research and therapeutics","volume":"22 1","pages":"20-26"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147577297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A prospective randomized study of sequential boost versus simultaneous integrated boost intensity-modulated radiation therapy with concurrent chemotherapy in locally advanced head and neck cancer.","authors":"Debanjan Sikdar, Deepa M Joseph, Nidhi Sharma, Sagar N Rout, Aathira T Sreejeev, Aviral Rastogi, Ajay S Krishnan, Rachit Ahuja, Sweety Rajiv Gupta, Rajesh Pasricha, Manoj Kumar Gupta","doi":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2004_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2004_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Purpose: </strong>Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and volumetric-modulated arc therapy can lessen side effects from treatment and are currently the standard of care for locally advanced head and neck cancer (LAHNC). The boost radiation can be delivered as a sequential or simultaneous integrated boost. Whether they differ in improving locoregional control or toxicity is largely unknown. In the current study, we prospectively compared two types of IMRT for non-nasopharyngeal LAHNC: sequential IMRT (SEQ-IMRT) and simultaneous integrated boost IMRT (SIB-IMRT).</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Random assignment placed 66 patients with LAHNC into one of two treatment groups: SEQ-IMRT or SIB-IMRT. Patients in the SEQ-IMRT arm received a total radiotherapy (RT) dose of 70 Gy in 35 fractions over 7 weeks, and the SIB-IMRT arm received 66 Gy in 30 fractions over 6 weeks. Concurrent weekly cisplatin 40 mg/m2 chemotherapy was given to all. Acute toxicity was evaluated in each patient once a week, and follow-up was done every 3 months to assess response.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SIB-IMRT showed a higher grade 3 or more dysphagia (45.5% vs. 24.2%, P 0.001) and higher nasogastric tube dependency. The rest of the acute toxicity profiles of both treatment arms did not show any significant difference. After a long-term follow-up of 4 years, both research arms exhibited identical progression-free (P = 0.855) and overall survival (P = 0.554) rates.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Reduced overall treatment time and convenience in RT planning are significant advantages of SIB, especially in high-volume centers. Anticipation of higher grades of dysphagia and management of the same is necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":94070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research and therapeutics","volume":"22 1","pages":"128-135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147577352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leiomyosarcoma of the orbit: A case report and review of literature.","authors":"Anjali V Ramdulari, Aswin Ravi, Astha Srivastava, Rambha Pandey","doi":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1921_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1921_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Sarcomas account for 1% of adult malignancies, and 80% of them arise from soft tissue. Orbital leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare tumor with less than 40 cases reported. The most common subsite is the conjunctiva, followed by the eyelid. We present a case of orbital leiomyosarcoma, which presented with progressive prominence of the left globe. The patient was treated with surgery and postoperative radiotherapy. On the last follow-up, the patient is clinically disease-free. A review of the literature on patients with orbital leiomyosarcoma was done, out of which 84% of patients underwent surgery and 42% of patients received radiotherapy. 15% of patients had a childhood history of retinoblastoma (RB). All patients with childhood RB had bilateral disease and a history of childhood radiotherapy for retinoblastoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":94070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research and therapeutics","volume":"22 1","pages":"200-206"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147577471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe radiation-induced lymphopenia and its impact on overall survival in solid tumors: A scoping review of systematic reviews.","authors":"Shen Zhang, Sheen Dube, Saranya Kakumanu, Vibhay Pareek","doi":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1997_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1997_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Abstract: </strong>Radiation therapy is a cornerstone of treatment for solid tumors, yet it often induces lymphopenia, a condition linked to poorer clinical outcomes. This scoping review synthesizes evidence from systematic reviews to evaluate the prognostic impact of severe radiation-induced lymphopenia (RIL) on overall survival (OS) in patients with solid tumors. A systematic literature search was conducted across PubMed, Cochrane Central, and EMBASE using the following keywords: \"radiation,\" \"lymphopenia,\" \"solid tumors,\" \"survival AND mortality,\" and \"systematic review AND meta-analysis,\" up to November 30, 2023. Reviews reporting the prognostic relationship between RIL and survival were included, and pooled adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses examined the impact of grade 3 or higher RIL across different tumor types. Of 21 identified reviews, 10 were included, covering 93 studies and 11,565 patients. The adjusted incidence rate of severe lymphopenia averaged 26.7% (range: 18.6-88.0%). The pooled aHR for OS was 1.72 (95% CI: 1.33-1.87) for grade ≥3 RIL versus grade 0-2 RIL, and 1.59 (95% CI: 1.31-1.92) for grade 4 RIL versus grade 0-3 RIL. Significant prognostic effects were observed in esophageal, head and neck, pancreatic, cervical, central nervous system, and lung cancers. Genitourinary tumors showed associations with medium-high radiation doses to pelvic and iliac bone marrow. Severe RIL consistently predicts poorer OS, emphasizing the need for prospective studies to address RIL prevention and management, especially in the era of immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":94070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research and therapeutics","volume":"22 1","pages":"3-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147577209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aggressive extramedullary acute myeloid leukaemia masquerading as dental infection with rare t(10:11) translocation and subsequent relapse as leukaemia cutis.","authors":"Manas Pustake, Mutaz Kalas, Ramon Valles-Gamez, Mostafa Eysha, S Claudia Didia, Sumit Gaur","doi":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1423_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_1423_25","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Extramedullary leukaemia, also known as myeloid sarcoma, is a rare manifestation of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) that typically occurs in conjunction with bone marrow involvement. It is characterized by infiltration of leukemic cells into extramedullary tissues, including the skin, soft tissues, and lymph nodes, where it may present as mass-like or nodular lesions. When associated with high-risk cytogenetic abnormalities, extramedullary disease may exhibit particularly aggressive behaviour and pose substantial diagnostic challenges, especially when it precedes or masks systemic manifestations of AML.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Case description: &lt;/strong&gt;A 36-year-old postpartum woman, 6 months following delivery, presented with a 3-month history of progressively enlarging nodules involving the left side of the face. These lesions were initially attributed to a dental infection following extraction of two teeth; however, they persisted and progressed despite appropriate dental treatment. In the weeks preceding this presentation, the patient had developed worsening fatigue, dyspnoea, jaundice, and easy bruising. On examination, there were several firms, non-tender nodules over the left cheek, prominent left cervical lymphadenopathy, scleral icterus, and diffuse ecchymoses. Laboratory results showed pancytopenia with severe anaemia, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia, elevated liver enzymes suggestive of systemic involvement. The initial differential diagnosis included chronic infection, granulomatous disease, and hematologic malignancy. Following this, imaging showed multifocal facial soft-tissue masses and extensive cervical lymphadenopathy. Core biopsy of a cheek lesion showed diffuse infiltration by atypical myeloid cells consistent with extramedullary AML with monocytic differentiation, which was confirmed on bone marrow biopsy. Cytogenetic analysis revealed a t(10;11)(p13;q13.3), an additional der (20) t(1;20)(q21;q13.3), and a marker chromosome. Induction chemotherapy with cytarabine and idarubicin was initiated. Following consolidation therapy, the patient developed new cutaneous nodules and plaques several weeks later, and skin biopsy confirmed leukaemia cutis, indicating persistent extramedullary disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;This case illustrates a rare and aggressive presentation of extramedullary AML with monocytic differentiation and high-risk cytogenetics in a young postpartum patient, initially mimicking a localized odontogenic infection. The delayed diagnosis underscores the complexity of recognizing extramedullary leukaemia, particularly when early hematologic abnormalities are subtle or absent. The presence of a t(10;11) translocation and the subsequent development of leukaemia cutis following induction therapy highlight the aggressive biologic behaviour of this disease and reinforce the importance of heightened clinical suspicion, prompt tissue diagnosis, and vigilant surveillance for extramedul","PeriodicalId":94070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research and therapeutics","volume":"22 1","pages":"181-184"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147577342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylene blue in chemoradiotherapy-induced oral mucositis: Systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Emanuele Rondelli, Edoardo Romiti, Dominika Gavlasova, Jose A Foppiani, Umar Choudry, Cenk Cayci, Otakar Raska, Bilal Ali, Samuel J Lin","doi":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2347_25","DOIUrl":"10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_2347_25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral mucositis (OM) is a frequent and debilitating side effect of chemotherapy and radiotherapy, affecting up to 80% of patients receiving high-dose regimens or head and neck radiation. It severely compromises oral function, quality of life, and treatment adherence, often necessitating opioid analgesia and nutritional support. Methylene blue (MB), known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, has recently emerged as a potential therapeutic agent for OM pain.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This systematic review aimed to evaluate the analgesic efficacy of methylene blue in the management of chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced OM, either as a topical oral rinse or as a photosensitizer in photodynamic therapy (PDT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Following PROSPERO registration (CRD42024594258), we conducted a comprehensive search of five databases up to September 2024. Studies were eligible if they included cancer patients with chemotherapy- or radiotherapy-induced OM treated with MB. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed independently by two reviewers following PRISMA guidelines. Pain reduction was the primary outcome. A random-effects meta-analysis using inverse variance weighting was conducted; heterogeneity was assessed with I2 statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 137 screened records, 6 studies comprising 9 treatment groups and 432 patients met inclusion criteria. MB was administered either as an oral rinse alone (7 groups) or in combination with laser therapy (2 groups). The pooled mean reduction in pain was -4.81 points on a 0-10 scale (95% CI -5.57 to -4.05; P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis showed a mean change of -5.01 with oral rinse alone and -3.80 with the combination, with no significant difference between the two strategies (P = 0.30). Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Methylene blue appears to be a safe and effective option for pain relief in OM, with significant reductions in pain scores observed across studies. Its simplicity, affordability, and favorable safety profile make it a promising adjunctive therapy. Larger randomized trials are needed to validate these findings and explore long-term outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94070,"journal":{"name":"Journal of cancer research and therapeutics","volume":"22 1","pages":"13-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147577488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}