Infection, disease & health最新文献

{"title":"Bacterial bloodstream infections in a pediatric population: A 7-year experience at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Faten Basnawi, Ruba Abo Essa, Aeshah Alosaimi, Bandar Alrshaid, Sabah Alshuhri, Afnan Almazrua, Ohoud Alyabes, Mohammed Alsuhaibani, Ibrahim Bin Hussain, Esam Albanyan, Sami Alhajjar, Suliman Aljumaah, Salem Alghamdi","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study explored the epidemiological trends and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bloodstream pathogens among pediatric patients over a 7-year period at a tertiary care facility in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective single-center longitudinal descriptive study was conducted from 2015 to 2021. Blood culture and susceptibility data of pathogens isolated from patients aged <15 years were extracted from the hospital's laboratory information system. The trends observed over the 7-year period were graphically illustrated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 83,605 pediatric blood cultures analyzed, 2945 (3.5 %) tested positive. Approximately 65 % of the positive cultures were confirmed as true bloodstream infections (BSIs), with an average BSI rate of 3 per 1000 inpatient days. Gram-negative bacterial infections accounted for 61 % of BSIs, with Klebsiella spp. being the most prevalent. Susceptibility testing revealed reduced sensitivity to meropenem, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin among gram-negative bacteria. Gram-positive pathogens represented 39 % of infections, with the most common being Staphylococcus spp. (21 %) and Streptococcus spp. (7 %). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus exhibited 100 % sensitivity to vancomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, tigecycline, and linezolid. However, Streptococcus pneumoniae showed decreasing sensitivity to penicillin and ceftriaxone for meningitis (33 % and 55 % susceptibility, respectively). Furthermore, Enterococcus spp. were less susceptible against ampicillin, linezolid, levofloxacin, and vancomycin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study offer crucial insights into the incidence of pediatric bacteremia and trends in antibiotic susceptibility, which can inform treatment strategies, guide antibiotic stewardship programs, and enhance infection control measures in healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian infection prevention and control leads' perceptions of their roles and responsibilities in residential aged care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.","authors":"Hyunji Lee, Thea F van de Mortel, Peta-Anne Zimmerman","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Residents of residential aged care facilities were disproportionately impacted by COVID-19. In 2020, the Australian Government mandated the appointment of Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) leads. The aim of this research was to explore the experiences of IPC leads working in Australian residential aged care facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic, to improve preparation for future pandemics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Infection Prevention and Control leads working in small and large residential aged care facilities for more than 12 weeks between December 2020 and December 2022 participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed via thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven IPC leads were interviewed. Seven themes emerged: 1. Transition into IPC Lead Role, 2. Role and Responsibilities, 3. Facilitators and Barriers to Effective Implementation, 4. Role Reception and Implementation, 5. Role Evaluation, 6. Unique Challenges and Contextual Factors, and 7.</p><p><strong>Future directions: </strong>Particular challenges included lack of consistent guidance and role descriptions, workloads, sufficient resourcing, role evaluation strategies, and training specifically focused on the setting. Residential care settings provided specific challenges related to the clientele, including the difficulties isolating residents with dementia, and impacts on resident quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study findings describe the multifaceted role and experiences of IPC leads during the COVID-19 pandemic. The unique challenges and evolving nature of the role underscore the need for flexible and adaptive approaches to IPC. Developing evidence-based guidelines, enhancing training programs, improving resource allocation, and fostering supportive organisational cultures will be critical in addressing the challenges identified in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}