Infection, disease & health最新文献

{"title":"Nurses' experiences of providing oral care to hospitalised patients: A qualitative study.","authors":"Helen Rawson, Sonja Dawson, Auxillia Madhuvu, Julee McDonagh, Katrina Browne, Peta Ellen Tehan, Philip L Russo, Georgia Matterson, Allen C Cheng, Martin A Kiernan, Jenny Sim, Andrew J Stewardson, Rhonda Wilson, Brett G Mitchell","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oral care has a critical role in hospital-acquired infection prevention, is part of fundamental nursing care, yet is poorly undertaken in hospital. The study's aim was to understand Australian nurses' perceptions of their role in oral care and their experience providing oral care in hospital, with the focus on enablers and barriers.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A qualitative exploratory descriptive design. Seven registered nurses working in acute adult in-patient hospitals in Australia participated in three semi-structured focus groups in October and November 2023. Data analysis followed thematic analysis procedures. The study is reported using Standards for Reporting Qualitative Research.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three themes were identified: nurses' perceptions of their role in oral care; barriers to providing oral care for hospitalised patients; and enablers to providing oral care for hospitalised patients. Nurses' experiences revealed expectations for different clinical settings. In the intensive care unit where patients required mechanical ventilation, oral care was inextricably linked to that care. In palliative care or oncology units, oral care was intrinsically linked to holistic care. Reported challenges include time and staffing constraints; limited resources; nurses' limited knowledge about the importance of oral care, and patient-related factors. Opportunities to promote oral care include empowering patients and educating nurses about the importance of oral care to health.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Nurses have a pivotal role in oral care and it is important that this is part of patient care in hospital. The findings will inform a comprehensive co-design process to develop an intervention to be examined in a multi-centre randomised control trial.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zero-shot large language model application for surgical site infection auditing.","authors":"Shrirajh Satheakeerthy, Brandon Stretton, James Tsimiklis, Andrew Ec Booth, Sarah Howson, Shaun Evans, Christina Guo, Joshua Kovoor, Aashray Gupta, Christina Gao, Weng Onn Chan, Tim French, Amelia Demopoulos, Alyssa Pradhan, Samuel Gluck, Toby Gilbert, Matthew Blake Roberts, Camille Kotton, Stephen Bacchi","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Artificial intelligence, in particular large language models (LLM), may be able to assist with monitoring for surgical site infections (SSI).</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This retrospective study involved the application of the Llama 3.0 70-billion parameter model to the identification of SSI in a group of all SSI in two metropolitan hospitals from a 4-month period. Randomly selected control patients were chosen as comparators. Clinical inpatient and outpatient progress notes were provided to the LLM individually and classified as indicating an SSI or not. These classifications were then analysed to determine binary performance characteristics and to determine the timing of positive case classification.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There was a total of 28 cases in the study, 14 in the case (SSI) group and 14 in the control group. The operations involved in the SSI cases were caesarean section (12/14, 85.7 %) and arthroplasty (2/14, 14.2 %). The LLM had an overall accuracy at the patient-level of 26/28 (93 %). There was a sensitivity of 100 % and specificity of 86%. At the note-level, for the first note flagged by the LLM for each case, 13/14 (92.3 %) were on the same day as, or before, the date noted as the onset of infection as identified by infection control clinicians.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of LLM for the screening of medical notes for SSI is feasible. Further studies may seek to evaluate the outcomes of LLM when deployed as part of a clinical workflow.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating antibiotic prescribing practices for patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria in Saudi Arabia: The need for stewardship initiatives.","authors":"Ahlam Alghamdi","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.04.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Patients with asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) often receive unnecessary antibiotic treatment, leading to antibiotic resistance without improving patient outcomes. We qualitatively assessed antibiotic use in patients with ASB at a teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This a retrospective observational study included patients diagnosed with ASB based on established criteria based on data collected through manual chart review. We evaluated antibiotic use, including indications, selection, and duration of therapy. Data were collected from August 2022-2023 and analyzed from December 2023 to May 2024.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 1250 episodes of bacteriuria, 731 were classified as ASB. The percentage of appropriate ASB antibiotic prescriptions, as indicated by the guidelines, was 51.8 %; 27.7 % of patients received antibiotics for recommended cases, whereas 24 % did not receive antibiotics in the absence of recommendation. The percentages of appropriate antibiotic selection and duration of antibiotic prescription for appropriate indications were 72 % and 59.6 %, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Most bacteriuria among patients was ASB, with high rates of treatment and prolonged durations of therapy for ASB.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Co-design and user testing of a Japanese encephalitis vaccine decision aid (JEVaDA).","authors":"Sarah L McGuinness, Owen Eades, Jennifer Morris, Allen C Cheng, Holly Seale, Karin Leder","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Japanese encephalitis (JE) is a rare but potentially serious infection in travellers. While effective vaccines are available, uptake remains low. Vaccine decision aids are evidence-based tools designed to help users make informed vaccination decisions. This study details the development of a novel web-based Japanese encephalitis vaccine decision aid (JEVaDA) for travellers, following globally recognised standards.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Collaborating with community members, healthcare providers and experts, we followed a multi-step approach, involving a scoping review, a survey of user needs, co-design workshops, user testing, and expert review. Findings from workshops and testing informed the development of decision aid prototypes, with input from a graphic designer. We used the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool to assess understandability and actionability and the Ottawa acceptability tool to measure components of acceptability. The final version was adapted to a web-based format.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Five co-design workshops conducted with 16 participants (nine community members, seven healthcare providers) gathered input and feedback on the initial PDF prototype. The refined prototype was user-tested by another group of 22 participants (16 community members, six healthcare providers) and reviewed by five subject matter experts. Feedback indicated areas for improvement in risk visualisation, personalised content, and catering to diverse user needs. The decision aid scored highly for understandability (89 %) and actionability (87 %). All participants (100 %) found it suitable for decision making.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>We successfully co-designed and user-tested a JE vaccine decision aid with community members, healthcare providers and experts. The interactive, web-based version is now freely available at www.monash.edu/vaccinedecisionaids-je.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144032495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implementation of a proposed algorithm to assess and de-label false penicillin allergy labels in the community.","authors":"Angelina Lim, Sharmila Khumra, Elise A Mitri, Jenny Qian, Katija Juric, Limhour Kruoch, Lydia Liu, Simon James","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Community pharmacists could have a pivotal role to play in de-labelling false penicillin allergies or preventing false penicillin allergy labels from occurring to reduce inappropriate prescribing of less effective and broader-spectrum antibiotics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A quasi-experimental study aimed at implementing and evaluating an algorithm to assess and de-label false penicillin allergy labels in the community. Between April and May 2024, the algorithm was rolled out to five community pharmacies in Victoria, Australia. De-labelling outcomes of Type A reactions were recorded. Barriers and enablers to implementing the penicillin allergy assessment algorithm were also collected through semi-structured interviews.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 18,646 patients who presented to the pharmacies, 163 individuals (0.87 %) had a penicillin allergy label. Of these 163 patients, 30 (18.4 %) patients were assessed as having a Type A reaction (a non true allergy; non-immune related). All patients with Type A reactions were engaged in an attempt to de-label their allergy; 77 % of patients were accepting whilst 23 % were hesitant or non-receptive, due to time restraints or disbelief that their allergy is not a true allergy. Qualitative interview data revealed there remains a public misconception that antibiotic allergy labels do not impact the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing or affect patient safety through increased risk of adverse drug events and antimicrobial resistance.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed algorithm was able to support the de-labelleling of false penicillin allergies. Future research could implement the use of the algorithm in other primary care settings and ascertain the long-term retention of the initiation of de-labelleling in the community.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144047401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Speciation of coagulase-negative staphylococci: A cohort study on clinical relevance and outcomes.","authors":"Samantha Keogh, Emily N Larsen, Felicity Edwards, Makrina Totsika, Nicole Marsh, Patrick N A Harris, Kevin B Laupland","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.04.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are common causes of bloodstream infections (BSI), but species-specific epidemiology is under-researched. This study aimed to examine the occurrence, clinical features, and outcomes of CoNS BSI in a large Australian population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>All incidents of CoNS BSI in the Queensland Health system (2000-2019) were included.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 4046 CoNS BSI cases, 3353 were monomicrobial, with S. epidermidis (n = 1665), S. haemolyticus (n = 224), S. hominis (n = 220), S. capitis (n = 185), S. lugdunensis (n = 57), S. warneri (n = 47), and other species (n = 38). In 27% of cases, CoNS isolates were not assigned to species. Significant differences in age, onset classification, co-morbidities, and flucloxacillin resistance were observed across species. S. epidermidis, S. haemolyticus. S. capitis were predominantly hospital-onset, while S. lugdunensis was community-associated. The cohort had Charlson scores indicating high co-morbidity, with malignancy common among S. haemolyticus patients. Most speciated isolates of CoNS demonstrated resistance to flucloxacillin (2224/2827; 79%). The 30-day mortality rate was higher for polymicrobial (14%) vs. monomicrobial BSI (11%), p = 0.024. Mortality varied by species and was highest for S. lugdunensis (22%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings underscore the value of species-level identification in managing CoNS BSIs, particularly in cases with clinical signs and symptoms, to support antimicrobial stewardship.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144065507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial bloodstream infections in a pediatric population: A 7-year experience at a tertiary care center in Saudi Arabia.","authors":"Faten Basnawi, Ruba Abo Essa, Aeshah Alosaimi, Bandar Alrshaid, Sabah Alshuhri, Afnan Almazrua, Ohoud Alyabes, Mohammed Alsuhaibani, Ibrahim Bin Hussain, Esam Albanyan, Sami Alhajjar, Suliman Aljumaah, Salem Alghamdi","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>This study explored the epidemiological trends and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of bloodstream pathogens among pediatric patients over a 7-year period at a tertiary care facility in Saudi Arabia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This retrospective single-center longitudinal descriptive study was conducted from 2015 to 2021. Blood culture and susceptibility data of pathogens isolated from patients aged <15 years were extracted from the hospital's laboratory information system. The trends observed over the 7-year period were graphically illustrated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 83,605 pediatric blood cultures analyzed, 2945 (3.5 %) tested positive. Approximately 65 % of the positive cultures were confirmed as true bloodstream infections (BSIs), with an average BSI rate of 3 per 1000 inpatient days. Gram-negative bacterial infections accounted for 61 % of BSIs, with Klebsiella spp. being the most prevalent. Susceptibility testing revealed reduced sensitivity to meropenem, imipenem, ciprofloxacin, and levofloxacin among gram-negative bacteria. Gram-positive pathogens represented 39 % of infections, with the most common being Staphylococcus spp. (21 %) and Streptococcus spp. (7 %). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus exhibited 100 % sensitivity to vancomycin, quinupristin/dalfopristin, tigecycline, and linezolid. However, Streptococcus pneumoniae showed decreasing sensitivity to penicillin and ceftriaxone for meningitis (33 % and 55 % susceptibility, respectively). Furthermore, Enterococcus spp. were less susceptible against ampicillin, linezolid, levofloxacin, and vancomycin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The findings of this study offer crucial insights into the incidence of pediatric bacteremia and trends in antibiotic susceptibility, which can inform treatment strategies, guide antibiotic stewardship programs, and enhance infection control measures in healthcare settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144059026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Australian infection prevention and control leads' perceptions of their roles and responsibilities in residential aged care during the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study.","authors":"Hyunji Lee, Thea F van de Mortel, Peta-Anne Zimmerman","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Residents of residential aged care facilities were disproportionately impacted by COVID-19. In 2020, the Australian Government mandated the appointment of Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) leads. The aim of this research was to explore the experiences of IPC leads working in Australian residential aged care facilities during the COVID-19 pandemic, to improve preparation for future pandemics.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Infection Prevention and Control leads working in small and large residential aged care facilities for more than 12 weeks between December 2020 and December 2022 participated in individual semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed via thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven IPC leads were interviewed. Seven themes emerged: 1. Transition into IPC Lead Role, 2. Role and Responsibilities, 3. Facilitators and Barriers to Effective Implementation, 4. Role Reception and Implementation, 5. Role Evaluation, 6. Unique Challenges and Contextual Factors, and 7.</p><p><strong>Future directions: </strong>Particular challenges included lack of consistent guidance and role descriptions, workloads, sufficient resourcing, role evaluation strategies, and training specifically focused on the setting. Residential care settings provided specific challenges related to the clientele, including the difficulties isolating residents with dementia, and impacts on resident quality of life.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The study findings describe the multifaceted role and experiences of IPC leads during the COVID-19 pandemic. The unique challenges and evolving nature of the role underscore the need for flexible and adaptive approaches to IPC. Developing evidence-based guidelines, enhancing training programs, improving resource allocation, and fostering supportive organisational cultures will be critical in addressing the challenges identified in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144004073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comprehensive review of current status of infection prevention and control program in low- and middle-income countries.","authors":"Saima Asghar, Muhammad Atif, Imran Masood, Madiha Khan","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This systematic review aims to underscore the adoption and implementation of infection prevention and control (IPC) practices based on the World Health Organization's Infection Prevention and Control Assessment Framework (IPCAF) in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).</p><p><strong>Methods and design: </strong>Systematic review.</p><p><strong>Guiding methodology: </strong>Cochrane Handbook for systematic reviews and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.</p><p><strong>Data sources: </strong>PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane, grey literature and reference lists of studies published between January 2018 and September 2024.</p><p><strong>Eligibility criteria to recruit studies: </strong>Peer reviewed full length, cross-sectional, mixed method and quasi-experimental studies written in English, conducted in LMICs and used IPCAF as assessment tool.</p><p><strong>Data extraction and synthesis: </strong>Data were extracted on a data extraction form and quality of studies was evaluated by using the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields. Evidence was generated as a group of themes.</p><p><strong>Findings: </strong>In total, 24 studies were selected based on eligibility criteria. IPC program was implemented to a varying degree in healthcare facilities (HCFs) of LMICs. Key barriers reported were; no allocation of budget for IPC, insufficient staffing of full-time IPC professionals, absence of clear IPC goals, challenges in staff training, lack of resources, no periodic monitoring and inconsistent availability of IPC supplies.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was an evidence on implementation of IPC program in the HCFs of LMICs, however, LMICs faced substantial challenges in achieving consistent and effective IPC.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143813256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular investigation of a furunculosis outbreak at a penitentiary in southern Brazil.","authors":"Mayara Rodrigues Bicca, Eduarda de Oliveira Pinto, Walter Paixão de Sousa Filho, Gerson Fernandes de Brum, Thalita Camilo da Silva, Bruno Stefanello Vizzotto","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The overcrowding of prison cells, combined with precarious and unsanitary conditions, is a critical factor for the health of inmates. This study carried out phenotypic and molecular characterization of the pathogen responsible for an outbreak of furunculosis in a penitentiary in southern Brazil.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Samples were collected using sterile swabs from the furuncles, then subjected to biochemical identification, disk diffusion, and RAPD-PCR.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Biochemical tests identified Staphylococcus aureus as the etiological agent of this skin infection, while the RAPD-PCR technique revealed a common genetic profile among the affected individuals. All strains analyzed showed susceptibility to most of the antimicrobials evaluated, except penicillin.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>These findings highlight the need for investment in prison facilities, efficient disinfection protocols, continuous monitoring, and equitable health treatment for growing inmates in Brazil's prison complex.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143789465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}