Infection, disease & health最新文献

{"title":"Infection prevention and control professionals: Stress, resilience, personality traits and views about their workforce and profession.","authors":"Brett G Mitchell, Philip L Russo","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.09.038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2024.09.038","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The COVID-19 pandemic placed considerable strain on the infection control professional workforce, who were at the forefront of pandemic response in their organisations and beyond. In order to support infection control professionals and inform future initiatives, it is important to further understand the infection control workforce. The objective of this study was to determine stress and resilience levels, personality traits and workforce intentions of infection control professionals in Australia and New Zealand.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We undertook an anonymous, cross-sectional online survey of infection control professionals in Australia and New Zealand. Validated tools, the brief resilience tool, workforce stressor tool and the Big Five personality test, were used to evaluate levels of stress, resilience and personality traits.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three hundred and fifty-six infection control professionals started the survey, with representation from all Australian jurisdictions and New Zealand. The mean stress score was 4.28 (SD 3.39) and 3.34 (SD 0.65) for resilience. Younger participants and those with less experience in infection control had higher levels of stress and lower levels of resilience. Individual personality traits vary by age, level of education and credentialing status. Approximately one-fifth of participants indicated that they planned to leave the IC workforce in the next three years.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our study was the largest published study involving infection control professionals in Australia and New Zealand. Findings highlight the need for mentoring, peer support and wellbeing initiatives to support the profession. Understanding personality traits may also be beneficial for further enhancing communication and interpersonal relationships.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microbial laden mobile phones from international conference attendees pose potential risks to public health and biosecurity.","authors":"Matthew Olsen, Adrian Goldsworthy, Mark Morgan, John Leggett, Thibaut Demaneuf, Natalia Van Der Bruggen, Gobinddeep Singh, Rose Ghemrawi, Abiola Senok, Reem Almheiri, Simon McKirdy, Rashed Alghafri, Lotti Tajouri","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.08.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2024.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Mobile phones, contaminated with pathogenic microorganisms, have the potential to act as \"trojan horses\". The microbial signatures present on their surfaces most probably vary across different geographical regions. As a result, mobile phones belonging to international conference attendees may serve as a model for global microbial dissemination, posing potential risks to public health and biosecurity.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aimed to profile the microbes present on mobile phones belonging to delegates attending an international scientific conference through use of metagenomic shotgun DNA sequencing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty mobile phones, representing ten different geographical zones from around the world, were swabbed and pooled together into ten geographical-specific samples for high definition next-generation DNA sequencing. WONCA council members were invited to participate and provided verbal consent. Following DNA extraction, next generation sequencing, to a depth of approximately 10Gbp per sample, was undertaken on a v1.5 Illumina NovaSeq6000 system. Bioinformatic analysis was performed via the CosmosID platform.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 2204 microbial hits were accumulated across 20 mobile phones inclusive of 882 bacteria, 1229 viruses, 88 fungi and 5 protozoa. Of particular concern was the identification of 65 distinct antibiotic resistance genes and 86 virulence genes. Plant, animal and human pathogens, including ESKAPE and HACEK bacteria were found on mobile phones.</p><p><strong>Discussion/conclusion: </strong>Mobile phones of international attendees are contaminated with many & varied microorganisms. Further research is required to characterize the risks these devices pose for biosecurity and public health. Development of new policies which appropriately address and prevent such risks maybe warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142335195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement in antibacterial use in intensive care units from Argentina: A quality improvement collaborative process evaluation using Normalization Process Theory.","authors":"Javier Roberti, Juan Pedro Alonso, Natalí Ini, Cecilia Loudet, Wanda Cornistein, Inés Suárez-Anzorena, Marina Guglielmino, Ana Paula Rodríguez, Ezequiel García-Elorrio, Facundo Jorro-Barón, Viviana M Rodríguez","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.08.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2024.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Healthcare-associated infections and antibiotic resistance worsen globally. Antibiotic stewardship programs (ASP) aim to optimise infection treatment and curb resistance, yet implementation hurdles persist. This study examined ASP challenges in ICUs.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study employed a qualitative methodological design to evaluate the implementation process of an antibiotic stewardship program (ASP) in eight intensive care units (ICUs) across Argentina. Thirty-four semi-structured interviews with healthcare workers (HCWs) were conducted. Interviews were analysed guided by Normalisation Process Theory, examining coherence, cognitive participation, collective action, and reflexive monitoring constructs.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Key challenges included insufficient human resources, lack of institutional support, and resistance to change, particularly among staff not initially involved in the study. Despite these challenges, the program saw partial success in improving ICU practices, particularly in antibiotic use and communication across departments. The main strategy implemented in this quality improvement collaborative was the use of improvement cycles, which served as the central component for driving change. However, participation in improvement cycles was inconsistent, and sustainability post-intervention remains uncertain due to workload pressures and the need for continuous education. Concerns about workload and communication barriers persisted. Many participants did not perceive training as a separate component, which led to low engagement. Resistance to change became evident during modifications to clinical guidelines. The intervention had a positive impact on various processes, including communication and record keeping.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study underscores the persistent challenges in implementing ASPs in healthcare, emphasising the need for enhanced collaboration, workforce capacity building, and evidence-based practices to overcome barriers and optimize antimicrobial use to improve patient outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142304837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of the influenza-like illness case definition and the acute respiratory infection case definition in the diagnosis of influenza and COVID-19 in healthcare personnel.","authors":"Helena C Maltezou, Flora Sourri, Nikolaos Lemonakis, Amalia Karapanou, Theodoros V Giannouchos, Maria N Gamaletsou, Dimitra-Maria Koukou, Kyriakos Souliotis, Athanasia Lourida, Periklis Panagopoulos, Dimitrios Hatzigeorgiou, Nikolaos V Sipsas","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.08.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2024.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate the influenza-like illness (ILI) and acute respiratory infection (ARI) case definitions in the diagnosis of COVID-19 and influenza in healthcare personnel (HCP).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We followed a cohort of 5752 HCP from November 2022 to May 2023. Symptomatic HCP were tested for SARS-CoV-2 and influenza by real-time PCR and/or rapid antigen detection test. ILI was defined as the sudden onset of ≥1 systemic symptom and ≥1 respiratory symptom. ARI was defined as the sudden onset of ≥1 respiratory symptom. Patients with respiratory symptoms were grouped either as ILI or as ARI based on the presence of fever, malaise, headache and/or myalgia.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, 466 ILI cases and 383 ARI cases occurred. HCP with ILI had an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 22.05 [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.23-78.04] to be diagnosed with influenza. HCP with ARI had an aOR of 2.70 (95% CI: 1.88-3.88) to be diagnosed with COVID-19. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of ILI for influenza were 96.6%, 49.9%, 18.2%, and 99.2%, respectively. The sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of ARI for COVID-19 were 51.7%, 73.6%, 84.9%, and 34.8%, respectively. ILI and ARI had an overall correct classification rate of 89.6% and 74.1%, respectively.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings support the use of both ILI and ARI case definitions in the diagnosis of influenza and COVID-19 in HCP.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142304836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Credentialling in Australia for infection prevention and control: Philosophy, principles and practice.","authors":"Deborough Macbeth, Catherine Viengkham, Ramon Z Shaban","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.007","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Infection prevention and control programs are vital to ensuring the health and wellbeing of healthcare consumers and staff. Infection control professionals who lead these programs are uniquely positioned with the knowledge, skills and attributes to direct effective infection control practices and policies within their healthcare setting. As with many specialisations, these individuals may choose to undertake a credentialling process, where their expertise and competence are evaluated and formally recognised by a professional body. Globally, there is growing evidence that credentialling improves the standard of practice of infection control professionals, and achieves beneficial outcomes for staff, patients and the broader healthcare systems in which they operate. In Australia, credentialling is a relatively new endeavour emerging in the mid 1990s with the rapidly evolving profile of the infection control professional. In this paper, we detail the history and evolution of credentialling of the infection control professionals in Australia. We also appraise the current three-tier credentialling framework, including its underlying philosophy, how it distinguishes between 'competence' and 'capability', the mechanisms it provides for career development, and its adaptation in response to critical contemporary developments in the field of infection control in Australia, including the expanding diversity of contemporary practice.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142304835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Arterial catheter outcomes in intensive care: An analysis of 1117 patients.","authors":"Samantha Keogh, Emily Larsen, Amanda Corley, Mari Takashima, Nicole Marsh, Melannie Edwards, Heather Reynolds, Jayesh Dhanani, Fiona Coyer, Kevin B Laupland, Claire M Rickard","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.006","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Access to arterial circulation through arterial catheters (ACs) is crucial for monitoring and decision-making in intensive care units (ICU) but carries the risk of complications including bloodstream infection (BSI).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a secondary analysis of data from four randomised controlled trials in Australian ICUs, investigating the efficacy of different AC interventions. De-identified data were combined into a single dataset, and per-patient outcomes analysed. The primary outcome was AC-BSI, defined as laboratory confirmed bloodstream infection (LCBI) type 1 or 2, with a concurrent local infection. All-cause AC failure was defined as any unplanned removal. AC infection and failure were reported as rates per 1000 catheter days and hours.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Data from 1117 adult patients were analysed. Mean age was 58.8 years (±16.6); and 41% (n = 462) were male. Median AC dwell time was 110 h (IQR 28.3-168.0). There was one case (<0.1%; 0.18/1000 catheter days [95% CI 0.03-1.29]) of AC-BSI, and 14 cases of LCBI (1%; 13 LCBI-1 and 1 LCBI-2; 2.54/1000 catheter days [95% CI 1.51-4.30]). LCBI were most commonly Enterococcus faecalis; Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. There were four cases of local infection (<1%; 0.73/1000 catheter days [95% CI 0.27-1.94]). Overall AC failure rate was 13% (n = 146) or 26.53/1000 catheter days (95% CI 22.56-31.20).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study identified a relatively low incidence of complications. This is likely reflective of poor monitoring of ACs in intensive care. Better surveillance and a rigorous prospective evaluation of AC outcomes is required to understand the true risk ACs pose to critically ill patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142047702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ventilator-associated pneumonia risk factors in patients with severe COVID-19 in southern Brazil: A retrospective observational study.","authors":"Gabriela De Souza Dos Santos, Viviane Alves de Carvalho França de Macedo, Samantha Oliniski Reikdal, Maria Esther Graf, Beatris Mario Martin, Marineli Joaquim Meier","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.004","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Backgound: </strong>During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, a significant number of critical patients required ventilatory assistance in health institutions. In this context, Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) was the most prevalent nosocomial infection among critically ill patients. We aimed to analyze the occurrence of VAP in critically ill patients with SARS-CoV-2 and the risk factors associated with the outcome.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>This is a multicenter, retrospective cohort study which included patients ≥18 years old, diagnosed with COVID-19, admitted to intensive care units (ICU) and who received invasive mechanical ventilation (MV) for >2 consecutive days. The associations between the variables were initially tested, and those that showed potential associations (p<0.05) were included in the multivariate logistic regression model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>One third of patients had an episode of VAP, with an incidence density of 34.97 cases per 1000 MV days. In addition, 42.37% (50) of the microorganisms causing VAP were multidrug-resistant, predominantly gram-negative bacteria (61.32%). More than 50% of participants developed healthcare-associated infections and 243 (73.64%) died. The factors associated with greater chances of VAP were: prone position (OR= 3.77), BMI 25-29.9 kg/m² (OR= 4.76), pressure injury (OR= 4.41), length of stay in the ICU (OR= 1.06), positive tracheal aspirate before VAP (OR= 5.41) and dyspnea (OR= 3.80).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Patients with COVID-19 are at high risk of VAP, which leads to an increased risk of death (OR = 2.18). Multiple factors increase the chances of VAP in this population, namely: work overload in health institutions, prone position, prolonged ICU time, infusion of multiple drugs, invasive devices, and in particular, immobility in bed.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142019992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDR) hospital-acquired infection (HAI) and colonisation: A systematic review.","authors":"Leila Figueiredo Dantas, Igor Tona Peres, Bianca Brandão de Paula Antunes, Leonardo S L Bastos, Silvio Hamacher, Pedro Kurtz, Ignacio Martin-Loeches, Fernando Augusto Bozza","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hospital-Acquired Infections (HAI) represent a public health priority in most countries worldwide. Our main objective was to systematically review the quality of the predictive modeling literature regarding multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in Intensive Care Units (ICUs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted and reported a Systematic Literature Review according to the recommendations of the PRISMA statement. We analysed the quality of the articles in terms of adherence to the TRIPOD checklist.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The initial search identified 1935 papers and 15 final articles were included in the review. Most studies analysed used traditional prediction models (logistic regression), and only three developed machine-learning techniques. We noted poor adherence to the main methodological issues recommended in the TRIPOD checklist to develop prediction models, such as handling missing data (20% adherence), model-building procedures (20% adherence), assessing model performance (47% adherence), and reporting performance measures (33% adherence).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our review found few studies that use efficient alternatives to predict the acquisition of multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in ICUs. Furthermore, we noted a lack of strategies for dealing with missing data, feature selection, and imbalanced datasets, a common problem in HAI studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142006188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainability and novel technologies to improve environmental cleaning in healthcare - Implications and considerations.","authors":"S Jain, K Dempsey, K Clezy, B G Mitchell, M A Kiernan","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Along with emerging technologies electrolysed water (EW) systems have been proposed for cleaning and/or disinfection in clinical areas. There is evidence for the use of EW in food-handling and the dairy industry however there is lack of evidence for EW as an effective cleaning and disinfecting agent in a clinical setting. Existing publications mostly are either laboratory based or from non-clinical settings. This is in direct contrast to other approaches used in healthcare cleaning. The aim of this paper is to provide infection prevention and control professionals with a risk assessment checklist using an evaluation of electrolysed water as an example of the analysis and consideration required prior to the introduction of any new technology and, in particular, the inclusion of sustainability.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141989780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of peripheral venous catheters microbiota and its association with phlebitis.","authors":"Gustavo Francisco Lopes, Viviane de Cássia Oliveira, Rachel Maciel Monteiro, Pedro Castania Amadio Domingues, Felipe Lazarini Bim, Lucas Lazarini Bim, Gabriela Bassi Ferreira da Silva, André Pereira Dos Santos, Cássio do Nascimento, Denise de Andrade, Evandro Watanabe","doi":"10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.idh.2024.07.005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Peripheral venous catheters (PVCs) remain the primary mode of short-term venous access for managing intravenous fluid, obtaining blood samples, and peripheral parenteral nutrition. They may get contaminated and require regular monitoring to prevent complications. This study evaluated the occurrence of phlebitis and its associated-clinical and microbiological indicators.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The frequency of phlebitis was evaluated in hospitalized patients of both medical and surgical fields. Subsequently, the dichotomous association between the presence of phlebitis and the clinical aspects was investigated. In parallel, the bacterial contamination of PVCs was assessed through culture-based methods, microscopy observation, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Approximately one in four patients presented phlebitis (28.4%). The most frequent symptom was erythema at access site, with or without pain, corresponding to Score 1 on the phlebitis scale (17.9%). Colonization of both lumen and external surface of PVC was observed in 31.3% of the samples. Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas were the most isolated bacterial genera on the PVC surface. No significant association was observed between the presence of phlebitis and the clinical aspects, as well as the presence of microorganisms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Microorganism were present on both internal and external PVC surface, without being associated to phlebitis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94040,"journal":{"name":"Infection, disease & health","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141899239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}