Ibrain Pub Date : 2023-04-02 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12099

Zhong Luo, Piao Cao, Jing-Qing Xu, Rong Yan, Jian Wang, Tao Liang, Ya Chen, Zu-Cai Xu

{"title":"A case report: Diagnosis and treatment of idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis","authors":"Zhong Luo, Piao Cao, Jing-Qing Xu, Rong Yan, Jian Wang, Tao Liang, Ya Chen, Zu-Cai Xu","doi":"10.1002/ibra.12099","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ibra.12099","url":null,"abstract":"A 57-year-old man who suffered from a headache for 1 year, accompanied by blurred vision for 7 months and numbness in his left face for 1 week was admitted to the Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University on May 7, 2022. One year ago, the patient had no obvious precipitating factor of paroxysmal stabbing pain in the whole skull with dizziness, which could be relieved by oneself after lasting for 1–2 min each time, with about 20 episodes per day. The cranial magnetic resonance imaging revealed changes in bilateral frontal lobe ischemic foci, bilateral frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid and maxillary sinusitis, and retinal macular degeneration. After hormone shock treatment, the condition improved. He suffered from headaches again with blurred vision in the right eye 7 months ago and was initially diagnosed with multiple sclerosis. He then was discharged after improvement due to hormone shock therapy. Oral hormone therapy was continued outside the hospital, but he stopped it due to drug side effects (details remained unclear). After cutting off, he developed a headache and visited our hospital once more, the relevant tests were performed and the patient was diagnosed with idiopathic hypertrophic pachymeningitis (IHP). The symptoms were slightly abated after hormone therapy. We hope that through this case report, we can deepen the clinicians' understanding of IHP, and improve the diagnosis rate of the disease through relevant examinations in future clinical work, so that patients can receive timely treatment and the mental pressure and economic burden caused by the disease on patients are reduced.","PeriodicalId":94030,"journal":{"name":"Ibrain","volume":"11 1","pages":"112-116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ibra.12099","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83953866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Research progress of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in nonhuman primate models 新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病在非人灵长类动物模型中的研究进展。

Ibrain Pub Date : 2023-03-26 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12097

Yi-Huan Guan, Hong-Su Zhou, Bo-Yan Luo, Sajid Hussain, Liu-Lin Xiong

{"title":"Research progress of neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in nonhuman primate models","authors":"Yi-Huan Guan, Hong-Su Zhou, Bo-Yan Luo, Sajid Hussain, Liu-Lin Xiong","doi":"10.1002/ibra.12097","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ibra.12097","url":null,"abstract":"Neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is one of the important complications of neonatal asphyxia, which not only leads to neurological disability but also seriously threatens the life of neonates. Over the years, animal models of HIE have been a research hotspot to find ways to cope with HIE and thereby reduce the risk of neonatal death or disability in moderate-to-severe HIE. By reviewing the literature related to HIE over the years, it was found that nonhuman primates share a high degree of homology with human gross neural anatomy. The basic data on nonhuman primates are not yet complete, so it is urgent to mine and develop new nonhuman primate model data. In recent years, the research on nonhuman primate HIE models has been gradually enriched and the content is more novel. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to further summarize the methods for establishing the nonhuman primate HIE model and to better elucidate the relevance of the nonhuman primate model to humans by observing the behavioral manifestations, neuropathology, and a series of biomarkers of HIE in primates HIE. Finally, the most popular and desirable treatments studied in nonhuman primate models in the past 5 years are summarized.","PeriodicalId":94030,"journal":{"name":"Ibrain","volume":"9 2","pages":"183-194"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ibra.12097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41124635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Sheehan's syndrome misdiagnosed as encephalitis: A case report and literature review 希恩氏综合征误诊为脑炎1例报告及文献复习。

Ibrain Pub Date : 2023-03-20 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12096

Xiao-Yan Yang, Yong-Su Zheng, Jin-Mei Tuo, Hai-Qing Zhang, Zu-Cai Xu

引用次数: 0

Research progress in clinical trials of stem cell therapy for stroke and neurodegenerative diseases 干细胞治疗脑卒中和神经退行性疾病的临床试验研究进展。

Ibrain Pub Date : 2023-03-05 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12095

Shan-Shan Yan, Senio Campos de Souza, Zhen-Dong Xie, Yong-Xin Bao

{"title":"Research progress in clinical trials of stem cell therapy for stroke and neurodegenerative diseases","authors":"Shan-Shan Yan, Senio Campos de Souza, Zhen-Dong Xie, Yong-Xin Bao","doi":"10.1002/ibra.12095","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ibra.12095","url":null,"abstract":"The incidence of stroke and neurodegenerative diseases is gradually increasing in modern society, but there is still no treatment that is effective enough. Stem cells are cells that can reproduce (self-renew) and differentiate into the body, which have shown significance in basic research, while doctors have also taken them into clinical trials to determine their efficacy and safety. Existing clinical trials mainly include middle-aged and elderly patients with stroke or Parkinson's disease (mostly 40–80 years old), mainly involving injection of mesenchymal stem cells and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells through the veins and the putamen, with a dosage of mostly 106–108 cells. The neural and motor functions of the patients were restored after stem cell therapy, and the safety was found to be good during the follow-up period of 3 months to 5 years. Here, we review all clinical trials and the latest advances in stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, with the hope that stem cell therapy will be used in the clinic in the future to achieve effective treatment rates and benefit patients.","PeriodicalId":94030,"journal":{"name":"Ibrain","volume":"9 2","pages":"214-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ibra.12095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41172086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ketamine as a therapeutic agent in major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: Potential medicinal and deleterious effects 氯胺酮作为治疗重度抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍的药物：潜在的药物和有害影响。

Ibrain Pub Date : 2023-02-20 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12094

Bhuvi Sachdeva, Punya Sachdeva, Shampa Ghosh, Faizan Ahmad, Jitendra Kumar Sinha

{"title":"Ketamine as a therapeutic agent in major depressive disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder: Potential medicinal and deleterious effects","authors":"Bhuvi Sachdeva, Punya Sachdeva, Shampa Ghosh, Faizan Ahmad, Jitendra Kumar Sinha","doi":"10.1002/ibra.12094","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ibra.12094","url":null,"abstract":"Major depressive disorder (MDD) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are the most common causes of emotional distress that impair an individual's quality of life. MDD is a chronic mental illness that affects 300 million people across the world. Clinical manifestations of MDD include fatigue, loss of interest in routine tasks, psychomotor agitation, impaired ability to focus, suicidal ideation, hypersomnolence, altered psychosocial functioning, and appetite loss. Individuals with depression also demonstrate a reduced behavioral response while experiencing pleasure, a symptom known as anhedonia. Like MDD, PTSD is a prevalent and debilitating psychiatric disorder resulting from a traumatic incident such as sexual assault, war, severe accident, or natural disaster. Symptoms such as recalling event phases, hypervigilance, irritability, and anhedonia are common in PTSD. Both MDD and PTSD pose enormous socioeconomic burdens across the globe. The search for effective treatment with minimal side effects is still ongoing. Ketamine is known for its anesthetic and analgesic properties. Psychedelic and psychotropic effects of ketamine have been found on the nervous system, which highlights its toxicity. In this article, the effectiveness of ketamine as a potential therapeutic for PTSD and MDD along with its mechanisms of action, clinical trials, and possible side effects have been discussed.","PeriodicalId":94030,"journal":{"name":"Ibrain","volume":"9 1","pages":"90-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ibra.12094","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41170278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

TNF-α interference ameliorates brain damage in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy rats by regulating the expression of NT-3 and TRKC TNF-α干扰通过调节NT-3和TRKC的表达改善新生缺氧缺血性脑病大鼠的脑损伤

Ibrain Pub Date : 2023-02-19 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12089

Yong-Min Niu, Steven Z. Du, Rong He

{"title":"TNF-α interference ameliorates brain damage in neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy rats by regulating the expression of NT-3 and TRKC","authors":"Yong-Min Niu, Steven Z. Du, Rong He","doi":"10.1002/ibra.12089","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ibra.12089","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to explore the effect of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) inhibition in rats with neonatal hypoxic–ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and ascertain the relevant signaling pathways. The Zea–Longa score was used to evaluate the neurological function of the rats. ImageJ was used for quantification of the brain edema volume. Triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining of brain tissue was performed 24 h after hypoxic–ischemic (HI) to detect right brain infarction. The expression of TNF-α was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). Immunofluorescence staining was used to identify the localization of TNF-α; Then, the effective shRNA fragment of TNF-α was used to validate the role of TNF-α in HIE rats, and the change of neurotrofin-3 (NT-3) and tyrosine kinase receptor-C (TRKC) was examined after TNF-α-shRNA lentivirus transfection to determine downstream signaling associated with TNF-α. Protein interaction analysis was carried out to predict the links among TNF-α, NT-3, and TRKC. Cerebral edema volume and infarction increased in the right brain after the HI operation. The Zea–Longa score significantly increased within 24 h after the HI operation. The relative expression of TNF-α was upregulated after the HI operation. TNF-α was highly expressed in the right hippocampus post HI through immunofluorescence staining. Bioinformatics analysis found a direct or an indirect link among TNF-α, NT-3, and TRKC. Moreover, the interference of TNF-α increased the expression of NT-3 and TRKC. TNF-α interference might alleviate brain injury in HIE by upregulating NT-3 and TRKC.","PeriodicalId":94030,"journal":{"name":"Ibrain","volume":"9 4","pages":"381-389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ibra.12089","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74426926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of sulfonamide derivatives of phenylglycine on scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats 苯甘氨酸磺酰胺衍生物对东莨菪碱所致大鼠健忘症的影响

Ibrain Pub Date : 2023-02-14 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12092

Ankit Ganeshpurkar, Ravi Singh, Pratigya Tripathi, Qadir Alam, Sairam Krishnamurthy, Ashok Kumar, Sushil K. Singh

{"title":"Effect of sulfonamide derivatives of phenylglycine on scopolamine-induced amnesia in rats","authors":"Ankit Ganeshpurkar, Ravi Singh, Pratigya Tripathi, Qadir Alam, Sairam Krishnamurthy, Ashok Kumar, Sushil K. Singh","doi":"10.1002/ibra.12092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ibra.12092","url":null,"abstract":"Alzheimer's disease is a neurodegenerative disease responsible for dementia and other neuropsychiatric symptoms. In the present study, compounds 30 and 33, developed earlier in our laboratory as selective butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors, were tested against scopolamine-induced amnesia to evaluate their pharmacodynamic effect. The efficacy of the compounds was determined by behavioral experiments using the Y-maze and the Barnes maze and neurochemical testing. Both compounds reduced the effect of scopolamine treatment in the behavioral tasks at a dose of 20 mg/kg. The results of the neurochemical experiment indicated a reduction in cholinesterase activity in the prefrontal cortex and the hippocampus. The levels of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and catalase were restored compared to the scopolamine-treated groups. The docking study on rat butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) indicated tight binding, with free energies of −9.66 and −10.23 kcal/mol for compounds 30 and 33, respectively. The two aromatic amide derivatives of 2-phenyl-2-(phenylsulfonamido) acetic acid produced stable complexes with rat BChE in the molecular dynamics investigation.","PeriodicalId":94030,"journal":{"name":"Ibrain","volume":"9 1","pages":"13-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ibra.12092","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50150659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Recurrent bacterial meningitis caused by incomplete Type I inner ear malformation: A case report 不完全I型内耳畸形导致的复发性细菌性脑膜炎：病例报告

Ibrain Pub Date : 2023-02-13 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12093

Zhong Luo, Piao Cao, Chun-Lin Zhang, Zu-Cai Xu, Ping Xu, Tao Liang

引用次数: 0

Nigella sativa and its nano-mediated approach toward management of neurodegenerative disorders: A review Nigella sativa及其纳米介导的神经退行性疾病治疗方法综述

Ibrain Pub Date : 2023-02-07 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12091

Chaitali G. Gawas, Sakshi Mathur, Minal Wani, Heena Tabassum

{"title":"Nigella sativa and its nano-mediated approach toward management of neurodegenerative disorders: A review","authors":"Chaitali G. Gawas, Sakshi Mathur, Minal Wani, Heena Tabassum","doi":"10.1002/ibra.12091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ibra.12091","url":null,"abstract":"Nigella sativa L., also known as black seed or black cumin, is a plant that has been used for centuries. In the past, this flowering plant was used as a food preservative and medicinal herb. A vital component of Nigella sativa, thymoquinone (TQ), plays a significant therapeutic role in the management of most diseases, including cancer, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, inflammation, gastrointestinal disorders, and neurodegenerative disorders. Neurodegenerative disorders are primarily caused by neurotransmitter hypoactivity, particularly insufficient serotonin activity. It has been discovered that many medicinal herbs and their active compounds have therapeutic value. Black cumin seeds have been used to heal ailments and its history traces back to ancient times such as ancient Babylonia. They can be used applied to alleviate edema, hair loss, and bruising, and consumd to treat stomach issues. It is one of the most feasible and effective medicinal plants. The use of nanoformulations based on Nigella sativa and TQ to treat neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) has yielded promising outcomes. Customized administration of nanoparticle (NP) systems and nanomedicine are two of the many options for drug delivery to the central nervous system (CNS) that are attracting increasing interest. Delivering a therapeutic and diagnostic substance to a particular location is the core target of NPs. Because of their distinct cell uptake and trafficking mechanisms, NPs can reduce the amount that accumulates in undesirable organs. The focus of the current review is on recent studies on the various neuroprotective properties of Nigella sativa as well as nanoformulations for NDs and the brain's uptake of NPs. The review summarizes the In vivo, In vitro, and In silico studies on the protective effects of black cumin against neurodegenerative disorders.","PeriodicalId":94030,"journal":{"name":"Ibrain","volume":"9 1","pages":"111-123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ibra.12091","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50123730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The emerging mechanism behind viral infections and extracellular vesicles hypotheses leading to neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease pathology 病毒感染和细胞外小泡假说背后的新兴机制导致神经炎症和阿尔茨海默病病理。

Ibrain Pub Date : 2023-01-31 DOI: 10.1002/ibra.12090

Mai M. Anwar

{"title":"The emerging mechanism behind viral infections and extracellular vesicles hypotheses leading to neuroinflammation and Alzheimer's disease pathology","authors":"Mai M. Anwar","doi":"10.1002/ibra.12090","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ibra.12090","url":null,"abstract":"Despite decades of repeated and intense research, the etiology of sudden Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms is still unclear. AD progressive pathology mainly involves neuron damage, depositions of amyloid-beta (Aβ), and hyperphosphorylated tau protein. All these defects are manifested by exaggerated cytokine storm and neuroinflammation leading to irreversible brain damage in the long term. Despite the numerous risks and drawbacks associated with AD, it is believed that there is a hidden unknown causative and predisposing factors for AD. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small vesicles released by cells as a type of intercellular communication. Several pieces of evidence support the inclusion of viral components within EVs facilitating their penetration into the blood–brain barrier leading to neuroinflammation. In light of the SARS-CoV-19 pandemic and its related neurological complications, it is mandatory to highlight the possibility and viability of viral infections such as varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV) on the onset of AD. Herein, the author is investigating the potential role of VZV and HSV along with highlighting the suggested route of pathogenesis entry resulting in AD manifestations. Additionally, this review aims to summarize the role of EVs in mediating the central nervous system viral infections leading to AD.","PeriodicalId":94030,"journal":{"name":"Ibrain","volume":"9 1","pages":"63-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ibra.12090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41160725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

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