Gait & posture最新文献

{"title":"Chronic neck pain is associated with altered gait performance compared to healthy controls: Cross-sectional observations.","authors":"Wren Burton, Yan Ma, Cynthia Long, Jacob McCarey, Jeffrey M Hausdorff, Robert Vining, Brad Manor, Matthew H Kowalski, Peter M Wayne","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109993","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109993","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Chronic musculoskeletal pain negatively impacts gait performance, but the impact of neck pain on gait remains unclear. This study aimed to assess measures of gait (speed and variability) in individuals with chronic neck pain (CNP) compared to non-CNP controls across various walking conditions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Sixty participants with CNP and 41 controls were recruited. Pain, disability, general health, and gait were measured. Gait outcomes included gait speed, stride time variability (STV), and a multi-component gait variability index (GVI) across four different walking conditions: quiet walk, cognitive task (i.e., serial sevens test), horizontal head turning, and vertical head turning. Linear regression models were used to obtain adjusted group means, difference of means, and 95 % confidence intervals for gait outcomes. Exploratory analyses assessed the relationship between CNP intensity and gait across conditions. All models adjusted for age and sex.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The CNP group (median age: 36.5 y, 75 % female) reported more pain, disability, pain medication use, and multisite pain (p < 0.001) than controls (median age: 32 y, 61 % female). CNP participants exhibited slower gait speed (mean difference -7.0 cm/s; 95 % CI: -15.0-0.10), greater STV (mean difference 0.43 %CV; 95 % CI: 0.05-0.89), and higher GVI (mean difference 4.16; 95 % CI: 0.03-8.46). While the negative effects of pain were present across walking conditions, the magnitude varied depending on the task and outcome measure.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>CNP was associated with reduced gait speed and increased variability of walking patterns. Slight variations under different dual-task conditions suggest potential relationships between pain, mobility, and cognitive-motor coordination.</p>","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":" ","pages":"109993"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145214904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to \"Analysis of the characteristics of anticipatory postural adjustments in older adults using smartphones: Association between cognitive and balance functions\" [Gait Posture, 112 (2024) 115-119].","authors":"Ryo Onuma, Hiroshi R Yamasaki, Fumihiko Hoshi, Ryosuke Tozawa, Yuki Soutome, Tomoko Sakai, Tetsuya Jinno","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109987","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":" ","pages":"109987"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145202561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postural stability measurement during Y-balance test increases chronic low back pain assessment sensitivity.","authors":"Dhananjaya Sutanto, Cheuk Yin Ho, Stephen H S Wong, Yijian Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109990","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109990","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>People with chronic low back pain (CLBP) experience decreased balance, which is made of postural maintenance and postural control domains. Postural maintenance can be measured from Center of Pressure (COP) movement variables, while postural control can be measured from leg reach during Y-Balance Test (YBT).</p><p><strong>Research question: </strong>Can COP measurement during YBT assess CLBP status? Does COP measurement in addition to reach during YBT improve CLBP assessment?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-four CLBP and twenty-two healthy participants executed YBT on force platform with three-dimensional motion capture system measuring the trunk and lower limb joint active range of motion (AROM). One-way multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) assessed the difference of outcome variables between healthy and CLBP participants. Binomial logistic regression assessed the sensitivity of individual variables and their combination in CLBP screening.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>People with CLBP have decreased postural maintenance, as quantified by an increased normalized mean velocity (nMVEL) (p = 0.006) in anterior, (p = 0.015) posteromedial and (p = 0.016) posterolateral directions, along with decreased normalized leg reach (nReach), compared to healthy participants. They also have decreased postural control as quantified by decreased nReach that is positively correlated with joints AROM, not to nMVEL, in all directions. Combed nMVEL and nReach in posteromedial direction provided the best predictive model for CLBP screening within the study demographics.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Objective measure of postural stability, particularly nMVEL during YBT that assess a separate dimension of stability relative to leg reach (nReach) can enhance CLBP screening sensitivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":" ","pages":"109990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship of flatfoot to physical performance and postural stability in children: The Yamanashi adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children's Study.","authors":"Masanori Wako, Taro Fujimaki, Jiro Ichikawa, Ryoji Shinohara, Sanae Otawa, Anna Kobayashi, Megumi Kushima, Hideki Yui, Zentaro Yamagata, Hirotaka Haro","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109992","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109992","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examined the relationship between flatfoot, physical performance, and postural stability in 8-year-old children.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study involved 196 children from the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) and focused on foot morphology, postural stability, and physical performance using standardized sports tests. The Chippaux-Smirak index was used to evaluate the degree of flatfoot, which correlated with body composition, physical performance, and postural stability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that 8.6 % of boys and 3.9 % of girls had flatfoot, with boys exhibiting a higher frequency. A significant correlation was found between flatfoot and increased body weight and fat percentage. The study found no significant association between flatfoot and physical performance as measured by sports tests such as sprinting and jumping. However, a significant relationship between flatfoot and postural stability was observed, as children with more severe flatfoot exhibited greater postural instability, particularly girls. These findings suggest that although flatfoot does not correlate with physical performance, it is associated with decreased postural stability, which may reflect broader developmental issues in children with flatfoot.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings highlight the need for further research on the underlying causes of flatfoot and its effect on child development, particularly regarding the role of the nervous system in postural stability.</p>","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":" ","pages":"109992"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145234777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Whole-body angular momentum is influenced by bone-anchored limb use and amputation level during walking.","authors":"Brecca M M Gaffney, Peter B Thomsen-Freitas, Grace M Georgiou, Danielle H Melton, Cory L Christiansen, Jason W Stoneback","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109991","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109991","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Bone-anchored limbs (BALs) improve mobility, physical activity, multi-joint biomechanics, and static balance measures compared to when using a socket prosthesis. However, evidence surrounding how BAL use influences dynamic balance, and whether this is dependent on amputation level, remains unknown.</p><p><strong>Research questions: </strong>Does BAL use change dynamic balance as compared to a socket prosthesis? Do changes in dynamic balance with BAL use differ by amputation level?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Thirty-two participants with prior unilateral amputation (19 transfemoral, 13 transtibial) who underwent BAL implantation were retrospectively enrolled. Whole-body motion capture data during overground level walking was collected before (using socket prosthesis) and 12-months after BAL implantation. The range of whole-body angular momentum (WBAM) and peak external demand moment were compared across timepoints and groups using a two-way mixed model ANOVA.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Frontal and transverse plane WBAM were reduced in individuals with transfemoral amputation when using a BAL as compared to a socket prosthesis (p < 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, when using a BAL or socket prosthesis, frontal plane WBAM was larger in individuals with transfemoral amputation compared to transtibial amputation (p = 0.028 and p = 0.018), which coincided with a larger peak external demand moment (p = 0.027 and p = 0.007).</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>Smaller ranges of WBAM and a smaller external demand moment during walking indicate improved dynamic stability when using a BAL compared to socket-type prosthesis, and thus likely suggest a reduced fall risk. As walking is most unstable in the mediolateral direction, greater ranges of frontal plane WBAM (worsened regulation) in individuals with transfemoral amputation compared to transtibial amputation may indicate more compromised balance control and greater fall risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":" ","pages":"109991"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145226535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain activity during ankle movements in female athletes with chronic ankle instability: A pilot fMRI investigation.","authors":"Taylor M Zuleger, Jennifer A Hogg, Liamith Rao Joganpalli, Shayla M Warren, Lexie M Sengkhammee, Jake A Slaton, April L McPherson, Alexis Slutsky-Ganesh, Christopher D Riehm, Gregory D Myer, Jed A Diekfuss","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109988","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109988","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This pilot study aimed to evaluate brain activity in sensorimotor regions during a unilateral ankle movement (dorsiflexion/plantarflexion) task using functional magnetic resonance imaging in female collegiate athletes with and without chronic ankle instability.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional study SETTING: Sports Performance and Research Center PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-two female soccer athletes from a Division III university (chronic ankle instability: n = 11; control: n = 11) MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Brain activity during a unilateral ankle movement functional magnetic resonance imaging task RESULTS: Neuroimaging analyses revealed significant differences in sensorimotor brain activity, with greater activity in the ipsilateral primary motor cortex in the chronic ankle instability group compared to the control group (p = .039).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Altered brain activity during unilateral ankle movements in athletes with chronic ankle instability could reflect disruptions in central nervous system processing. These preliminary findings offer a potential mechanistic target for rehabilitation strategies aimed at restoring central nervous system function and improving motor control in athletes with chronic ankle instability.</p>","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":" ","pages":"109988"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reduced cognitive resources induces risky stepping strategies in older adults.","authors":"Adam J Cocks, William R Young, Toby J Ellmers","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109989","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109989","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Falls frequently occur during situations that require a transfer or shift of bodyweight (e.g., stepping around an obstacle or turning). One contributor to falls in this scenario is a risky stepping strategy known as 'cross-stepping', whereby the feet cross over during the step. However, contributors to this potentially dangerous stepping strategy are not understood. This study examined whether reduced cognitive resources are a contributor to 'cross-stepping'.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Fifty-one older adults without neurological, musculoskeletal, or major cognitive impairment participated. Participants completed a modified multitarget stepping task while traversing a GAITRite walkway containing stepping targets forming paths of various colors. Participants walked designated color paths under single-task (normal walking) and a dual-task (serial subtraction) condition designed to reduce cognitive resources available for walking. The number of cross-steps and stepping errors were assessed. Cognitive performance, gait velocity, and double-limb support (% of gait cycle) were also collected.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>During single-task conditions, measures of executive function (set-shifting)/attention (Trail Making Test-Part B) independently predicted greater cross-steps (B=0.01, p = .025). Walking under dual-task conditions significantly increased cross-steps (p = .001). Gait velocity also significantly decreased when compared to single-task, whilst global stepping errors and percentage of the gait cycle spent in double-limb support significantly increased.</p><p><strong>Significance: </strong>These findings suggest that cross-steps can result from reduced cognitive resources being allocated to movement planning and execution. Future research should seek to explore if the relationship between cognition and cross-stepping is causally linked to increased fall risk.</p>","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":" ","pages":"109989"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does bony consolidation guarantee functional recovery after tibial nonunion? Impairments and rehabilitation needs assessed by motion analysis.","authors":"Jonas Armbruster, Lea Viola Fuchs, Ursula Trinler, Gregor Reiter, Paul Alfred Grützner, Holger Freischmidt","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109986","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aims to quantify residual functional limitations and to identify rehabilitation needs in adults with healed tibial nonunions using comprehensive motion analysis.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Clinical-experimental cohort study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Subjective status was captured with the Lower Extremity Functional Scale, Short-Form 36, and a Numeric Rating Scale for pain. Objective performance was profiled via marker-based gait analysis and two functional tasks - single-leg stance and squat. Key read-outs comprised temporal-spatial gait metrics, the Gait Profile Score, and individual Gait Variable Scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one adults were analysed (twelve with healed tibial nonunions and nineteen with uncomplicated fracture healing). Compared with controls, the nonunion group showed markedly lower functional scores and higher pain. Leg length inequality was greater and strongly related to pain intensity. Motion analysis documented wider step width, higher stride-length variability, and other indicators of gait instability. Functional tests confirmed reduced single-leg balance and limited joint range during squatting.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bone union does not guarantee functional recovery. Patients who overcome tibial nonunion continue to display substantial gait and performance deficits that warrant structured, individually targeted rehabilitation programmes guided by motion-analysis findings to restore efficient locomotion and quality of life.</p>","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":" ","pages":"109986"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145187925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Running gait biomechanics associated with hamstring and quadriceps strength profiles.","authors":"Kristin E Whitney, Patrick Couchot, Andrea Stracciolini, Sarah Willwerth, Corey Dawkins, Pierre A D'Hemecourt, Alexandra F DeJong Lempke","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109983","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the relationships between quadriceps and hamstring strength profiles and running gait kinetics in healthy adult athletes.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>Cross-sectional.</p><p><strong>Setting: </strong>Hospital-affiliated injury prevention clinic.</p><p><strong>Participants: </strong>554 healthy adult runners (355 F, 199 M).</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>Mass-normalized quadriceps and hamstring strength were obtained using hand-held dynamometry. Cadence, stride length, %stance, and body weight (BW) normalized peak vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) were obtained using an instrumented treadmill. Linear regression analyses were used to assess the relationships between mass-normalized hamstring and quadriceps strength and running biomechanics. Logistic regression analyses were used to assess relationships between hamstring:quadriceps (H:Q) symmetry profiles (≥0.5, <0.5) and running biomechanics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Quadriceps strength was directly associated with cadence (p < 0.001) and stride lengths (p = 0.01), and inversely associated with %stance phase (p < 0.001) and vGRF (p < 0.001). Hamstring strength was directly associated with higher cadence (p = 0.003) and height-normalized stride length (p < 0.001), yet inversely associated with %stance phase (p < 0.001) and BW-normalized peak vGRF (p < 0.001). More symmetric H:Q profiles were associated with longer height-normalized stride lengths (p = 0.03).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Quadriceps and hamstring strength profiles were weakly inversely associated with vGRF and percentage of the gait cycle in stance phase among healthy adult runners.</p>","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":" ","pages":"109983"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145182415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Test-retest reliability of the phase coordination index - A measure of bilateral coordination.","authors":"Sutton B Richmond, Clayton W Swanson, Steven P Winesett, Jungyun Hwang, Brianne Borgia, David J Clark","doi":"10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109984","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaitpost.2025.109984","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Synchronized left-right stepping (bilateral coordination) is essential for safe movement and independent mobility function. The phase coordination index (PCI) quantifies this coordination. This study aimed to assess the reliability of PCI when measured multiple times within a study.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Forty-three neurotypical older adults completed a single 2-min walk test, three weeks apart, to assess the reliability and consistency of the PCI. During the 2-min walk test, participants walked along a 15-m hallway at their preferred natural speed while wearing seven inertial monitoring units. PCI was first calculated for each trial using the standard method and then normalized to gait speed using two approaches. The normalization methods included dividing each PCI value by: (1) the mean gait speed of the individual trial, and (2) the mean gait speed averaged across both trials.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The reliability (ICC) values were 0.566 for PCI alone, 0.771 when adjusted for gait speed at each trial, and 0.784 when adjusted for gait speed over both trials. Bland-Altman analysis showed no significant bias between trials across analyses.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings suggest that PCI offers acceptable test-retest reliability. However, the results of this investigation advocate for normalizing PCI to gait speed for enhanced reliability.</p>","PeriodicalId":94018,"journal":{"name":"Gait & posture","volume":" ","pages":"109984"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145208780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}