Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Chemical engineering across borders: Amplifying global research","authors":"João B. P. Soares","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70545","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 11","pages":"5847-5851"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cjce.70545","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What makes a good review? A fictional case study","authors":"João B. P. Soares,&nbsp;Thomas A. Adams II","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70513","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70513","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Peer review is often described through principles, best-practice policies, and checklists, but its strengths and failures become clearer when they are examined through concrete examples. In this article, we present a fictional case study designed to illustrate recurring patterns in reviewer reports, editorial decision-making, and author responses. The case study begins with a plausible but scientifically flawed mock manuscript proposing a shape-corrected Ergun equation for pressure drop in packed beds of non-spherical particles. Seven fictional reviewer reports are then used to illustrate common reviewing archetypes: the Conscientious Reviewer, the Superficial Reviewer, the Hypercritical Reviewer, the Algorithmic Reviewer, the Research Director, the Business Director, and the Citation Collector. The reports are followed by an analysis of which comments are useful, which are disproportionate, which exceed the reviewer's mandate, and which require editorial filtering. Two contrasting editorial decision letters further emphasize that peer review should not be treated as a vote-counting exercise: reviewers advise, but editors decide. The article argues that good peer review requires more than technical competence. It requires proportionality, ethical judgement, editorial responsibility, and respect for the distinction between improving a manuscript and redesigning the authors' study. The fictional case study is intended as a practical teaching tool for reviewers, editors, and authors seeking to improve the culture of peer review.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 11","pages":"5828-5846"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cjce.70513","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A perspective on parsimonious hybrid models for online use: Augmenting fundamental models with ARIMA disturbances","authors":"Mouna Y. Harb,&nbsp;Kimberley B. McAuley","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70549","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hybrid models (HMs) combine fundamental model (FM) equations with empirical components. These models can lead to improved predictions because they reduce process/model mismatch and can account for phenomena that are not considered in the FM equations. This article reviews HM approaches that have been used for modelling of chemical processes, paying particular attention to HMs that are suitable for online process monitoring. Recent HM studies focus on development of HMs with a relatively small number of parameters that require estimation, which makes them less prone to overfitting when available data is limited. We propose a new approach to the development of parsimonious HMs that combines nonlinear dynamic material and energy balance equations with empirical stochastic disturbances. These stochastic disturbances are inspired by autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) disturbances used in linear time-series models. In addition, we propose an updated Laplace approximation maximum likelihood estimation (LAMLE) algorithm that is effective for estimating parameters in the resulting stochastic differential equations. A continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) case study is used to illustrate the methodology. The case study reveals that improved parameter estimates are obtained when an empirical disturbance parameter is included in the model along with the fundamental CSTR parameters. In future, it will be important to test whether use of parsimonious HMs will lead to more-reliable model predictions and state estimates than online predictions resulting from the corresponding FMs.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 11","pages":"5854-5874"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cjce.70549","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100489","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface structure change and sulphur transformation of coal char under oxygen-steam atmosphere at high temperature","authors":"Min Wang,&nbsp;Qian Du,&nbsp;Lei Zhang,&nbsp;Jianmin Gao,&nbsp;Yupeng Li,&nbsp;Xiaotao Bi","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70409","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The global decarbonization trend has been prompting combustion technology integrated with carbon capture. Oxygen-steam combustion can achieve high carbon dioxide concentration in the dewatered flue gas, favourable for carbon capture. Compared to conventional combustion technology, the changes in the combustion atmosphere may influence the reaction pathway in the transformation of char structure and the sulphur species. In this study, experiments with steam and/or various oxygen concentrations were carried out in an entrained flow reactor at high temperature. Carbon, oxygen, and sulphur transformation were characterized with an elemental analyzer, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that carbon, oxygen, and sulphur were mainly in the forms of hydrocarbons (C<span></span>C, C<span></span>H), carbon–oxygen single bonds, or carboxyl groups, thiophene sulphur, pyrrhotite, or troilite in the raw char surface, respectively. The presence of steam alone had little effect on the carbon-containing and oxygen-containing functional groups. Thiophene sulphur content on the surface decreased while the sulphate content increased. In the oxygen atmosphere, the content of C<span></span>C, C<span></span>H, and C<span></span>O functional groups on the surface decreased, with the formation of CO or OC<span></span>O occurring during char combustion. FeS in the char was sulphided first to form a large amount of sulphate, which was enriched on the surface of coal char, then the generated sulphate decomposed, or FeS was directly oxidized to form Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄. However, in the oxygen-steam atmosphere, the concentration of CO and OC<span></span>O functional groups reduced on the char surface. The conversion of sulphate to Fe₂O₃/Fe₃O₄ was promoted in the oxygen-steam atmosphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 11","pages":"6007-6021"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of Ni-Co/CeO2 catalyst derived from metal–organic framework for dry reforming of methane","authors":"Ruth D. Alli,&nbsp;Nader Mahinpey","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70161","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The efficacy of cobalt-doped, MOF-derived catalysts for dry reforming of methane (DRM) was examined. The focus was on the influence of varying nickel and cobalt molar ratios on catalytic performance. Three catalysts with Ni:Co ratios of 1:1, 1:0.5, and 0.5:1, were synthesized and tested with cerium oxide as a constant support. The DRM reaction was conducted at a low temperature of 700°C for 24 h. Despite the low reaction temperature, the catalyst containing an equimolar ratio of Ni and Co demonstrated the highest performance, achieving CO₂ and CH₄ conversions of 91% and 84%, respectively, with an H₂/CO ratio of 0.96. A decrease in the loading of either nickel or cobalt reduced catalytic activity. The better performance of the Ni:Co (1:1) catalyst compared to Ni:Co (1:0.5) and Ni:Co (0.5:1) catalysts can be attributed to its smallest cobalt crystallite size of 1.6 nm, indicating better metal dispersion compared to the other catalysts. Smaller crystallite sizes enhance the availability of active sites, improve metal–support interaction, and promote efficient CO₂ activation. This improved dispersion likely contributed to the superior catalytic performance and coke resistance observed in the Ni(1)-Co(1)-Ce catalyst. The findings emphasize the critical role of active metal loading in achieving optimal DRM performance in the design of MOF-derived multi-metallic catalysts for DRM.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 11","pages":"5921-5930"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cjce.70161","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of traditional and modern extraction methods for Alpinia officinarum: Antimicrobial efficacy, extraction efficiency, and sustainability","authors":"Hamidreza Ramooz,&nbsp;Mohammad Hassan Shahriari,&nbsp;Hossein Salmani,&nbsp;Parisa Khadiv-parsi,&nbsp;Zeinab Salehi,&nbsp;Reza Zarghami,&nbsp;Mousa Mohammadpourfard","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70400","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70400","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The food industry faces a significant challenge in combating bacterial contamination, which can disrupt production processes and compromise food safety. Traditional chemical preservatives have drawbacks, such as the development of bacterial resistance and adverse health effects. This study uses <i>Alpinia officinarum</i>, a medicinal plant with promising antimicrobial properties, as a natural alternative to synthetic preservatives. Essential oils (EOs) and extracts from <i>A. officinarum</i> were obtained using traditional (Clevenger hydrodistillation and Soxhlet) and modern (microwave-assisted) extraction methods. The Clevenger method yielded 0.67% (v/w) EO in 120 min, while microwave-assisted extraction produced 0.5% (v/w) EO in 60 min with 50% reduction in water consumption (180 vs. 360 L). For extracts, microwave-assisted extraction demonstrated superior efficiency of 4.9% (v/w) in 25 min compared to Soxhlet extraction at 2.6% (v/w) in 80 min. Chemical analysis revealed 1,8-Cineole as the predominant compound in Clevenger (54.56%) and microwave-extracted (49.89%) EOs. The antimicrobial efficacy was evaluated against two Gram-positive (<i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> and <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>) and two Gram-negative (<i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>) bacterial strains using disk diffusion and broth microdilution methods. The microwave-extracted EO exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against <i>E. coli</i>, producing an inhibition zone of 15.68 ± 0.32 mm at 1:1 (v/v)% concentration with MIC and MBC values of 6.25% (v/v). Against <i>L. monocytogenes</i>, microwave-extracted EO showed an inhibition zone of 11.43 ± 0.57 mm with MIC and MBC of 6.25% (v/v), demonstrating superior efficacy compared to Clevenger-extracted EO (MIC and MBC of 12.5% v/v). The microwave method emerged as the most efficient and sustainable approach, reducing processing time by 50%–69% and water consumption by 50%–69% across different extraction protocols. This study provides valuable insights into the potential application of <i>A. officinarum</i> as a natural preservative in the food industry, demonstrating that optimizing extraction methods can significantly enhance both the antimicrobial potency and the environmental sustainability of natural preservative production.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 11","pages":"5979-5990"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149099329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Revisiting the synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from methanol and carbon dioxide","authors":"Diego Alexander Santos Araque,&nbsp;Niloofar Mozaffari,&nbsp;Louis Fradette,&nbsp;Serge Kaliaguine","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70288","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70288","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The process for producing dimethyl carbonate (DMC) from carbon dioxide (CO₂) and methanol is explored in this article. It provides an overview of the thermodynamics involved in DMC synthesis, discussing the challenges and potential solutions. The article highlights the reported use of catalysts and dehydrating agents to improve DMC yield and selectivity. Thermodynamic analysis shows that the reaction is strongly limited thermodynamically over a large range of operating conditions, both in the gaseous and liquid phases. The various methods proposed in literature to circumvent this limitation are discussed and those with realistic potential for large scale implementation are identified and compared.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 11","pages":"5954-5978"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/cjce.70288","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"CFD simulation of an industrial autothermal reformer: Troubleshooting","authors":"Azadeh Mirvakili,&nbsp;Parnian Ghanbarizadeh,&nbsp;Zahra Eksiri","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70423","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study aims to provide an in-depth analysis of combustion–reaction interactions in an industrial-scale autothermal reformer (ATR) used for hydrogen production. A three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) framework was created that includes a non-premixed combustion model and a catalytic reforming bed, effectively simulating heat and mass transfer between the two zones. Detailed methane oxidation kinetics and methane steam reforming kinetics were implemented using user-defined functions (UDFs). Validation against industrial measurement data from Kimia Petrochemical Company showed deviations of less than 8% in both temperature and composition, confirming the model's reliability. The results indicated that an optimal steam-to-carbon ratio of 1.9 increased hydrogen yield by 33%, while an oxygen-to-methane ratio of 0.66 provided the best synthesis gas composition for methanol production. Design optimization suggested extending the combustion zone by 50 cm and modifying the burner geometry to mitigate hot spots and catalyst damage. These findings provide practical benchmarks for improving ATR performance, thermal management, and catalyst durability in industrial hydrogen and methanol plants. This study integrates a detailed non-premixed combustion model with a catalytic reforming section within a single CFD platform, offering new insights into industrial-scale ATR design optimization and a detailed elementary combustion mechanism.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 11","pages":"6062-6082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hydrodynamic cavitation for efficient removal of ammoniacal nitrogen: Optimization of process parameters and geometric configurations","authors":"Neha Thakare,&nbsp;Bharat A. Bhanvase","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70405","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study investigates the effectiveness of hybrid hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) process with the aid of aeration for effective removal of ammoniacal nitrogen. Custom-designed hydrodynamic cavitation reactor with orifice plates ranging from 2 to 2.5 mm in diameter and varied number of circular holes was used in the present investigation. The experiments were conducted at different upstream pressure (2 to 7 kg/cm²) in hydrodynamic cavitation with initial ammoniacal nitrogen concentration of 2000 mg/L. Potassium persulphate (KPS) was also evaluated under selected conditions for comparative assessment of oxidative pathways. The experimental findings demonstrate the effectiveness of hydrodynamic cavitation which showed a remarkable removal efficiency (70%) of ammoniacal nitrogen in 90 min of operation at optimal pressures of 3 kg/cm², with initial pH 10.5 and air flow rate maintained at 5 litres per miniute (LPM). During cavitation, the solution temperature increased from ambient (~34°C) to approximately 68°C, representing high-temperature conditions, while the alkaline pH (≥10) ensured dominance of free ammonia for stripping. The volumetric mass-transfer coefficient (<i>K</i>_La) increased from 0.0057 h⁻¹ at 2 kg/cm² to 0.0126 h⁻¹ at 3 kg/cm² and reached 0.0216 h⁻¹ at 7 kg/cm², confirming enhanced gas liquid mass transfer with increasing cavitation intensity. This study further examines the removal mechanisms of ammoniacal nitrogen using hydrodynamic cavitation, particularly under high-temperature and high-pH conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 11","pages":"6037-6049"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149100716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"C2 oligomerization over H-ZSM-5 to synthetic kerosene","authors":"Cibele Melo Halmenschlager,&nbsp;Laine B. Pereira,&nbsp;Arno de Klerk","doi":"10.1002/cjce.70394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/cjce.70394","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ethylene oligomerization is the second conversion step in alcohol-to-jet processes employing ethanol as the feed. Ethylene has a lower Brønsted acid catalyzed oligomerization rate compared to C₃ and heavier olefins, which can be overcome by making use of a two-step process involving Ni catalysis in the first step. Single-step ethylene oligomerization was investigated with emphasis on determining viability for use in an alcohol-to-jet process. Ethylene oligomerization was performed in a packed bed flow reactor (180 g H-ZSM-5) at 260°C and 2.0, 3.5, and 4.5 MPa pressure. The liquid product was distilled to recover the &gt;140°C boiling kerosene-rich fraction, which was further characterized. Single-pass selectivity to the &gt;140°C product was 74%–80% and was further increased to 85% by co-feeding naphtha (as surrogate of a naphtha recycle). The high kerosene selectivity compared to the literature could be explained in terms of the lower temperature, but mostly the higher olefin partial pressure used for oligomerization. The olefinic kerosene-rich product had &lt; −80°C freezing point and &gt;775 kg/m³ density at 15°C. It indicated that substantial oligomerization, cracking, cyclization, and isomerization took place. Based on the kerosene selectivity and product characteristics, single-step ethylene oligomerization is a promising alternative to a two-step oligomerization for an alcohol-to-jet process.</p>","PeriodicalId":9400,"journal":{"name":"Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering","volume":"104 10","pages":"5283-5292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148904189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}