Expert review of respiratory medicine最新文献_第8页

A review of the safety of antibody therapy in severe eosinophilic asthma. 抗体治疗严重嗜酸性哮喘的安全性综述。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2607151

Maria Gabriella Matera, Vito De Novellis, Paola Rogliani, Mario Cazzola

{"title":"A review of the safety of antibody therapy in severe eosinophilic asthma.","authors":"Maria Gabriella Matera, Vito De Novellis, Paola Rogliani, Mario Cazzola","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2607151","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2607151","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Severe eosinophilic asthma (SEA) is characterized by persistent type 2 airway inflammation and frequent exacerbations despite maximal conventional therapy. The advent of biologics targeting interleukin-5, its receptor, and upstream mediators has markedly changed disease management, offering new therapeutic opportunities for patients with uncontrolled disease.Areas covered: This review evaluates the safety profiles of currently approved biologics for SEA, including mepolizumab, reslizumab, benralizumab, dupilumab, and tezepelumab. Evidence was synthesized from randomized controlled trials, open-label extension studies, real-world data, and pharmacovigilance reports. Mepolizumab demonstrates consistent safety with mainly mild adverse events, while reslizumab is effective but rarely associated with myalgia, creatine phosphokinase elevations, and anaphylaxis. Benralizumab shows excellent tolerability, with a low incidence of injection reactions and no excess of serious adverse events. Dupilumab is well tolerated, though blood eosinophilia and conjunctivitis may occur. Tezepelumab approval was supported by favorable safety signals, with mild infections and headache as the most frequent events.Expert opinion: Current evidence indicates that biologic therapies for SEA are safe and well tolerated, with serious adverse events being rare. Nevertheless, long-term and comparative safety data remain limited, and ongoing pharmacovigilance and post-marketing surveillance are essential to fully define risk profiles.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"673-692"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145783604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis: an underutilized preventive strategy in children with Down syndrome. 呼吸道合胞病毒免疫预防：唐氏综合征儿童未充分利用的预防策略。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-17 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2603652

Lin Ammar, Rees Lee, Christian Rosas-Salazar, Pingsheng Wu

{"title":"Respiratory syncytial virus immunoprophylaxis: an underutilized preventive strategy in children with Down syndrome.","authors":"Lin Ammar, Rees Lee, Christian Rosas-Salazar, Pingsheng Wu","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2603652","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2603652","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in young children, causing significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early life RSV LRTI adversely impacts the developing lung and immune systems, and has been linked to subsequent long-term respiratory sequelae. Children with Down syndrome (DS), with the combined attributes of structural and functional airway anomalies, immune dysregulation, and congenital heart defects are at heightened risk for increased RSV severity and may benefit from passive immunization of RSV immunoprophylaxis.Areas covered: This article reviews the evidence for the burden of RSV LRTI, the subsequent health sequelae of RSV LRTI, and the effect of RSV immunoprophylaxis in children with DS. The broader public health value of RSV immunoprophylaxis in improving health-related quality of life beyond RSV-associated short-term morbidity is explored. A systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and MEDLINE on July 2025 was conducted.Expert opinion: New RSV prophylactic products have been demonstrated to be highly effective in reducing the risk of RSV LRTI in infants and certain high-risk children. Children with DS may benefit from these preventive strategies during early childhood by reducing respiratory and non-respiratory related disease burden and improving quality of life.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"613-624"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145727493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dual protection in IPF: antifibrotic therapy and reduced lung cancer incidence- a systematic review and meta-analysis. IPF的双重保护：抗纤维化治疗和降低肺癌发病率-一项系统综述和荟萃分析。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2026.2612785

Narat Srivali, Federica De Giacomi

{"title":"Dual protection in IPF: antifibrotic therapy and reduced lung cancer incidence- a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Narat Srivali, Federica De Giacomi","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2026.2612785","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2026.2612785","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) significantly increases lung cancer risk, with cumulative incidence exceeding 50% at 10 years. We evaluated whether antifibrotic therapies provide cancer-protective effects beyond their established antifibrotic actions.Methods: We conducted a systematic review searching MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases through July 2025 per PRISMA guidelines. Observational studies comparing lung cancer incidence in IPF patients receiving antifibrotics (pirfenidone or nintedanib) versus untreated controls were included. Random-effects meta-analysis with sequential sensitivity analyses was performed.Results: Four observational studies with 15,582 participants were included. Primary pooled risk ratio was 0.39 (95% CI: 0.13-1.14; I2 = 98%). Sequential sensitivity analyses addressing confounding by indication and biological heterogeneity demonstrated statistically significant risk reductions: 73% (RR 0.27; 95% CI: 0.16-0.48; I2 = 44%) and 76% (RR 0.24; 95% CI: 0.08-0.69; I2 = 67%) in pirfenidone-specific analyses.Conclusions: Pirfenidone specifically may reduce lung cancer risk in IPF patients by 73-76%, though evidence is limited by observational designs, geographic restriction to East Asian populations, and biological heterogeneity between mechanistically distinct antifibrotic agents. Insufficient data exist for nintedanib. Agent-specific prospective randomized controlled trials are warranted. Protocol registration: PROSPERO identifier CRD420251119104.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"713-725"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COPD and rheumatoid arthritis: shared inflammatory pathways and clinical implications. 慢性阻塞性肺病和类风湿关节炎：共同的炎症途径和临床意义

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-17 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2590785

Mohamed Abdulkadir, Catherine Greene

{"title":"COPD and rheumatoid arthritis: shared inflammatory pathways and clinical implications.","authors":"Mohamed Abdulkadir, Catherine Greene","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2590785","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2590785","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are chronic, progressive inflammatory conditions that may coexist, contributing to greater morbidity and complexity in clinical management. The overlap between these two conditions remains under-recognized despite growing evidence of shared pathogenic mechanisms and risk factors.Areas covered: This review explores the emerging evidence linking RA and COPD, focusing on shared inflammatory pathways, genetic susceptibility, and environmental influences such as smoking and air pollution. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed and Scopus databases with keywords including 'rheumatoid arthritis,' 'COPD,' 'pulmonary involvement,' and 'inflammatory overlap.' Key findings highlight diagnostic challenges stemming from symptom overlap, the underdiagnosis of COPD in RA patients, and the clinical impact of dual disease burden. The review also discusses the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration, optimal use of spirometry, imaging, and symptom-based questionnaires as screening tools, and strategies for balancing immunosuppressive therapy with respiratory health.Expert opinion: Greater awareness of COPD as a pulmonary manifestation of RA is essential. Early recognition through systematic screening and integrated care models may significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce disease burden.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"513-522"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145524863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The promise of blue light in combating ventilator-associated pneumonia. 蓝光治疗呼吸机相关性肺炎的前景。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-10 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2587311

Aashay Mardikar, Sudarshan Ramanan, Mathew Stephen, Robert J Graham, Aditya Gunturi

{"title":"The promise of blue light in combating ventilator-associated pneumonia.","authors":"Aashay Mardikar, Sudarshan Ramanan, Mathew Stephen, Robert J Graham, Aditya Gunturi","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2587311","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2587311","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a deadly hospital-acquired infection that can impact between 5% and 40% of patients receiving mechanical ventilation. While preventative measures such as prophylactic antibiotics and oral care provided by the nursing staff exist, they are often insufficient and carry their own set of challenges. As a result, VAP not only increases hospital length of stay and rates of mortality but can also put a significant financial burden on hospitals and care centers.Areas covered: This article provides an overview of current measures and ideas in development for VAP prevention, as well as their challenges and downfalls. The use of light therapies in combating infection are also discussed, with a particular emphasis on antimicrobial blue light as a potential tool for dealing with VAP. A comprehensive literature search and narrative review was conducted using the PubMed database through June 2025.Expert opinion: Novel applications of blue light in VAP prevention may significantly improve patient outcomes. This technology may also help reduce rates of clinician burnout. This reduction is especially important in low- and middle-income countries where access to advanced resources may be limited. Thus, the authors urge development in this field as the need for infection-prevention technologies grows yearly.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"501-511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145461087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the relationship between eosinophils and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A new dawn? 了解嗜酸性粒细胞与慢性阻塞性肺疾病的关系。一个新的黎明？

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2596919

Clare Tiedeman, Ian Pavord

{"title":"Understanding the relationship between eosinophils and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. A new dawn?","authors":"Clare Tiedeman, Ian Pavord","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2596919","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2596919","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a leading cause of global morbidity and mortality. It is a complex and heterogeneous condition defined by the presence of an incompletely reversible airflow obstruction.Area covered: Airway inflammation and remodeling are central to the pathogenesis of this airflow limitation, and eosinophilic or type 2 inflammation has emerged as a measurable and treatable therapeutic target in those patients in whom it is identified. This review addresses the role of type 2 inflammation in COPD pathogenesis as well as current and future therapeutic options.Expert opinion: The last 15 years has seen the emergence of a precision medicine, type-2 biomarker directed approach to the use of inhaled corticosteroids in COPD, resulting in better targeting of treatment and an increased benefit/risk ratio. We have also seen the approval of first biological therapy against type 2 inflammation in COPD. There is increasing interest in biomarker directed early intervention to prevent progression or even the development of COPD.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"569-577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145710563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The role of the right ventricle in pulmonary arterial hypertension and imaging methods for non-invasive evaluation. 右心室在肺动脉高压中的作用及无创评价的影像学方法。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2601388

Tatiana Kiyota, Paulo Mendes, Monica Corso Pereira

{"title":"The role of the right ventricle in pulmonary arterial hypertension and imaging methods for non-invasive evaluation.","authors":"Tatiana Kiyota, Paulo Mendes, Monica Corso Pereira","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2601388","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2601388","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by the remodeling of pulmonary circulation, leading to increased pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) and right ventricular (RV) overload. While the right heart may initially compensate, many patients ultimately face right heart failure and higher risk of mortality. Significant progress has been made in RV management, including advancements in molecular understanding, development of monitoring tools, and the exploration of new therapeutic pathways.Areas covered: A comprehensive literature search (January 2000-present) was conducted using PubMed and Embase. Search strategies focused on Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension and the Right Ventricle, incorporating specific concepts such as RV-pulmonary arterial (RV-PA) coupling and noninvasive assessment methods, including Echocardiography (2D and 3D) and Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR).Expert opinion: The use of appropriate parameters to identify cardiac function deterioration is crucial for monitoring PAH patients. In this regard, imaging tests and new parameters have increasingly demonstrated added value when combined with traditional tools. This review highlights the central role of the RV in PAH pathophysiology and progression. We present and discuss noninvasive imaging methods for RV assessment, focusing on summarizing recent studies that support the use of noninvasive measures to evaluate RV-PA coupling and right systolic function.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"543-567"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145716964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Relationship between polymorphisms in the TGF-β receptor gene and susceptibility towards chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Northern Indians. 北部印第安人TGF-β受体基因多态性与慢性阻塞性肺疾病易感性的关系

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-09 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2586151

Nidhi Mahajan, Vishal Chopra, Kranti Garg, Siddharth Sharma

{"title":"Relationship between polymorphisms in the TGF-β receptor gene and susceptibility towards chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Northern Indians.","authors":"Nidhi Mahajan, Vishal Chopra, Kranti Garg, Siddharth Sharma","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2586151","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2586151","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a multifactorial respiratory disorder influenced by genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors such as smoking. The Transforming Growth Factor Beta Receptor 1 (TGFBR1) plays a crucial role in regulating cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and immune modulation. Dysregulation of TGFBR1 may disrupt downstream signalling, leading to chronic inflammation, extracellular matrix accumulation in COPD. The present study aimed to evaluate the association of TGFBR1 gene variants rs7040869 (G>A), rs6478974 (A>T), rs4743325 (G>T), and rs597457 (C>A) with COPD susceptibility in a North Indian population.Methods: This study comprises 500 COPD cases and 500 controls. Genotyping of the selected single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was performed, and statistical analyses, including logistic regression, haplotype analysis, Classification and Regression Tree (CART), and Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction (MDR), were applied to assess gene-disease associations.Results: The rs6478974 variant showed significant protective association with COPD, persisting after Bonferroni correction. Combined genotype analysis indicated that GA+GT genotypes of rs7040869 and rs4743325 increased disease risk, while CART identified rs6478974 and rs597457 as key interaction nodes.Conclusion: This study is the first in a North Indian cohort to identify the protective role of rs6478974 in COPD, emphasising the significance of TGFBR1 polymorphisms in disease pathogenesis and risk prediction.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"579-589"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145484437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bidirectional relationships between depression and asthma. 抑郁症和哮喘之间的双向关系。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2600111

Brittany Duchene, Anne E Dixon

{"title":"Bidirectional relationships between depression and asthma.","authors":"Brittany Duchene, Anne E Dixon","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2600111","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2600111","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Both asthma and depression are common diseases that significantly contribute to morbidity and mortality worldwide.Area covered: This review was conducted through PubMed as a search engine and discusses the similarities with respect to epidemiology, contributing factors and disease pathogenesis for both depression and asthma. The goal of this review was to assess the available evidence on the links between asthma and depression. These diseases share common epidemiologic characteristics including an increased prevalence in higher income countries, and each is an independent risk factor for development of the other. They share common risk factors including genetic, maternal, and socioeconomic factors. Common pathophysiologic mechanisms in asthma and depression include similar cytokine signaling pathways. Despite the striking similarities in terms of epidemiology, risk factors, and pathophysiologic pathways, few studies have investigated the effects of treating depression on asthma outcomes. The intersection between asthma and depression is remarkable and the available literature suggests treatment of co-morbid depression may improve asthma outcomes. Further investigation into the treatment of depression in asthma is warranted.Expert opinion: Understanding the connection between depressive symptoms and asthma is important for improving asthma outcomes. High-quality studies assessing anti-depressant therapy in those with asthma and depressive symptoms are needed.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"523-533"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145673216","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A clinician's guide to managing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children and adolescents. 儿童和青少年耐多药结核病临床医生管理指南。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2026-05-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-23 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2590154

Ingrid Burkhardt, Florian Götzinger, Lahia Iipumbu, Elizabeth Whittaker, Gunar Günther, James A Seddon

{"title":"A clinician's guide to managing multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in children and adolescents.","authors":"Ingrid Burkhardt, Florian Götzinger, Lahia Iipumbu, Elizabeth Whittaker, Gunar Günther, James A Seddon","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2590154","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2590154","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: A small fraction of the estimated 25,000-30000 children (<15 years) who develop multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis (TB) globally every year are diagnosed and started on appropriate treatment. However, recent years have brought rapid changes to diagnostics, prevention, and treatment strategies.Areas covered: We present current data on pediatric and adolescent MDR-TB combined with expert opinion to guide the reader through the pediatric and adolescent MDR-TB care cascade. This includes background information and practical guidance on the disease, the epidemiology, diagnostics, treatment options, and post MDR-TB sequalae. We also address the special circumstances of adolescents, comorbidities, and the socioeconomic impact of MDR-TB. PubMed was searched for suitable articles and national and international guidelines were reviewed.Expert opinion: The roll-out of low complexity molecular diagnostics and advanced techniques, such as targeted next-generation sequencing, have the potential to rapidly diagnose children and adolescents with MDR-TB. The recently introduced short-all oral regimens provide safer and shorter treatment options. The effectiveness of levofloxacin as MDR-TB preventive treatment has been demonstrated. However, wide implementation of such new and advanced tools is still pending and improvements in diagnostics are crucial to increasing the proportion of children and adolescents with MDR-TB being diagnosed.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"475-490"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145544438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0