Expert review of respiratory medicine最新文献_第5页

Incretins for management of obesity and obstructive sleep apnea. 肠促胰岛素治疗肥胖和阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-03 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2513516

Xinxin Hu, Brendon John Yee, Craig Phillips, Julia Chapman, Ronald Grunstein

{"title":"Incretins for management of obesity and obstructive sleep apnea.","authors":"Xinxin Hu, Brendon John Yee, Craig Phillips, Julia Chapman, Ronald Grunstein","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2513516","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2513516","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Recent trials have demonstrated the efficacy of incretin-based pharmacotherapy in obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in obese patients. In addition to improving sleep indices, these agents also led to sustained weight loss and improvements in cardiometabolic profile. Given cardiovascular mortality remains the most common cause of death among patients with OSA, these agents represent a potential paradigm shift toward more holist management approach toward patients with OSA.Areas covered: This article provides an overview of OSA pathophysiology, in particular, its overlapping risk factors with obesity. The physiology of the incretin axis is covered with reference to molecular targets of current therapies. Key trials in the use of incretins for diabetes and OSA are presented with critical discussion of knowledge gaps and scope for future research. The article focuses on newer incretin agents which appear to have dual activity against obesity and its cardiometabolic complications. Comparisons between incretin-based agents and current treatment modalities are explored including identification of knowledge gaps and future directions for research.Expert opinion: Incretin-based pharmacotherapy has the potential to transform the therapeutic landscape for OSA through their dual action on sleep-disordered breathing and obesity-related complications. Scope for future research remains to optimize patient selection, drug delivery, dosing, and equitable access and identify future molecular targets for OSA.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"775-787"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144201243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sex steroid hormones and asthma in males: a state-of-the-art review. 性类固醇激素与男性哮喘：一项最新研究综述。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2501276

Saliha Selin Ozuygur Ermis, Selin Ercan, Carina Malmhäll, Helen Adesoba, Michael Salisu, Apostolos Bossios, Madeleine Rådinger, Hannu Kankaanranta, Bright I Nwaru

{"title":"Sex steroid hormones and asthma in males: a state-of-the-art review.","authors":"Saliha Selin Ozuygur Ermis, Selin Ercan, Carina Malmhäll, Helen Adesoba, Michael Salisu, Apostolos Bossios, Madeleine Rådinger, Hannu Kankaanranta, Bright I Nwaru","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2501276","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2501276","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The incidence, prevalence, and disease prognosis of asthma differ between males and females throughout the life course. However, the underlying mechanisms are not known. Sex hormones might have a potential role in asthma pathogenesis. But most studies on the role of sex hormones in asthma have focused on females, with a paucity of evidence in males.Areas covered: This paper provides a comprehensive review of the state-of-the-art on sex steroids in asthma, focusing on males, covering mechanistic, clinical, and epidemiological studies. Literature search was conducted in PubMed in September 2024.Expert opinion: Androgen signaling has a protective role in asthma by reducing airway smooth muscle (ASM) contractility and decreasing airway inflammation. In contrast, estrogens appear to promote type 2 (T2) airway inflammation, while the effect on ASM remains controversial. To date, suggested mechanisms have not fully clarify the underlying pathways through which sex steroids modulate ASM and T2 inflammation in asthma. The balance between androgen and estrogen signaling might also play a role. While epidemiological studies support a protective role for androgens, the evidence on onset of puberty and asthma is inconclusive. Larger longitudinal population samples and stratification based on age and obesity are needed to resolve these questions.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"789-810"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143995283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A profile of brensocatib for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. brensocatib治疗非囊性纤维化支气管扩张的概况。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-22 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2508313

Alexander I Geyer, Mark L Metersky

{"title":"A profile of brensocatib for non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis.","authors":"Alexander I Geyer, Mark L Metersky","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2508313","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2508313","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Non-cystic-fibrosis bronchiectasis (NCFB) is an airway disorder with a growing worldwide prevalence that affects predominantly older and female individuals and is associated with high symptom burden and significant healthcare expenditure. Brensocatib is a novel orally bioavailable, selective, and reversible dipeptidyl peptidase 1 (DPP1) inhibitor that leads to a sustained inhibition of neutrophil serine protease activity in both whole blood and sputum.Areas covered: This drug profile summarizes the role of inflammation in the pathophysiology of bronchiectasis. The mechanism of action of brensocatib in reducing neutrophil-related inflammation is described. We then summarize existing efficacy and safety data from Phase 2 and Phase 3 studies of brensocatib in patients with bronchiectasis, in which the rate of exacerbation was the primary endpoint. Finally, we summarize the current marketplace for brensocatib, including the unmet for effective therapies for bronchiectasis, and the status of other potential treatments undergoing clinical trials.Expert opinion: Brensocatib is a first-in-class DPP1 inhibitor that shows promise as a treatment for patients with bronchiectasis.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"767-774"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144096509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

From pandemic onset to present: five years of insights into ARDS caused by COVID-19. 从大流行开始到现在：对COVID-19引起的ARDS的五年见解。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2507207

Esteban Ortiz-Prado, Juan S Izquierdo-Condoy, Jorge Vasconez-Gonzalez, Andrés López-Cortés, Camila Salazar-Santoliva, Alfonso Roberto Vargas Michay, Jorge Luis Vélez-Paéz, Luis Unigarro

{"title":"From pandemic onset to present: five years of insights into ARDS caused by COVID-19.","authors":"Esteban Ortiz-Prado, Juan S Izquierdo-Condoy, Jorge Vasconez-Gonzalez, Andrés López-Cortés, Camila Salazar-Santoliva, Alfonso Roberto Vargas Michay, Jorge Luis Vélez-Paéz, Luis Unigarro","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2507207","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2507207","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has challenged healthcare systems, initially resembling classical ARDS but later recognized as distinct. Unique features such as endothelial injury, microthrombosis, and dysregulated inflammation influenced treatment efficacy. Understanding its evolution is key to optimizing therapy and improving outcomes.Areas covered: This review synthesizes current evidence on COVID-19-associated ARDS, covering epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical phenotypes, and treatments. It explores the shift from L and H phenotypes to a refined disease model and highlights key therapies, including corticosteroids, immunomodulators, prone positioning, ECMO, and vaccination's impact on severity and ARDS incidence.Expert opinion: At the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in December 2019, uncertainty was overwhelming. Early clinical guidelines relied on case reports and small case series, offering only preliminary insights into disease progression and management. Despite the initial chaos, the scientific community launched an unprecedented research effort, with over 11,000 clinical trials registered on ClinicalTrials.gov investigating COVID-19 treatments. Several evidence-based strategies emerged as gold standards for managing COVID-19-associated acute respiratory distress syndrome, surpassing prior approaches. The pandemic exposed vulnerabilities in global healthcare, reshaped modern medicine, accelerated innovation, and reinforced the essential role of evidence-based practice in critical care and public health policy.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"843-862"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

What's next for direct bronchoprovocation test methods? 直接支气管激发试验方法的下一步是什么？

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-27 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2512213

Beth E Davis, Brianne S Philipenko, Don W Cockcroft

引用次数: 0

The relation between visceral fat and lung function in the general population is in part mediated by CRP and leptin. 在一般人群中，内脏脂肪与肺功能之间的关系部分是由CRP和瘦素介导的。

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2025-08-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2502557

Maartina J P Oosterom-Eijmael, Saskia le Cessie, Annelies M Slats, Pieter S Hiemstra, Willemien Thijs, Hildo J Lamb, Ko Willems van Dijk, Frits R Rosendaal, Renée de Mutsert

{"title":"The relation between visceral fat and lung function in the general population is in part mediated by CRP and leptin.","authors":"Maartina J P Oosterom-Eijmael, Saskia le Cessie, Annelies M Slats, Pieter S Hiemstra, Willemien Thijs, Hildo J Lamb, Ko Willems van Dijk, Frits R Rosendaal, Renée de Mutsert","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2502557","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2502557","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Abdominal obesity is associated with reduced lung function. It remains unclear whether this results from mechanical pressure or whether visceral fat also plays a role via inflammation. Our aim was to examine the association between visceral fat and lung function, and the role of inflammation.Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, visceral fat was measured by magnetic resonance imaging and lung function by spirometry. We examined the association between visceral fat and lung function, and mediation by CRP, GlycA, FeNO, leptin, and adiponectin.Results: We included 2,266 participants, mean age 56 (6) years and 90 (56) cm2 visceral fat. After adjusting for confounding factors including total body fat and waist circumference, per SD of visceral fat, FEV1 was 3.6% lower (95% CI: -4.9,-2.4), and FVC was 3.6% (-4.6,-2.6) lower. No mediation was observed by GlycA, FeNO and adiponectin. CRP and leptin together mediated 22% of the association with FEV1 and 19% with FVC.Conclusion: In a middle-aged general population with a normal lung function, visceral fat was associated with reduced lung function. This association was for 20% mediated by CRP and leptin. Future research should explore the remaining mechanisms underlying the association between visceral fat and lung function.Trial registration: CT.gov identifier NCT03410316.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"887-897"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144228058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical application effect analysis of internet combined comprehensive nursing intervention in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. 网络联合综合护理干预在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的临床应用效果分析。

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2540120

Xiaoling Bai, Yajuan Shi, Junying Nie, Ying Gao, Ying Li

{"title":"Clinical application effect analysis of internet combined comprehensive nursing intervention in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.","authors":"Xiaoling Bai, Yajuan Shi, Junying Nie, Ying Gao, Ying Li","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2540120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17476348.2025.2540120","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the effectiveness of an Internet-based comprehensive nursing intervention in improving lung function, treatment adherence, and quality of life in COPD patients.Methods: A total of 104 COPD patients admitted to our hospital between October 2023 and January 2024 were randomly assigned to either a control group (n = 52) or an experimental group (n = 52). The control group received routine nursing interventions, including general education and routine care. The experimental group received Internet-based comprehensive nursing, which included personalized action plans, telehealth consultations, health education, dietary guidance, and psychological support delivered via the WeChat platform.Results: The experimental group demonstrated significantly higher compliance (92.3%) compared to the control group (76.9%, p = 0.034). The improvement in PaO₂ and PaCO₂ levels, as well as lung function indicators (FEV₁, FVC, and FEV₁/FVC ratio), was significantly greater in the experimental group (p < 0.001). Moreover, the experimental group experienced a more substantial reduction in SGRQ scores (p < 0.001), indicating improved quality of life. Notably, a strong correlation between increased compliance and better clinical outcomes was observed (p < 0.001).Conclusions: The application of Internet-based comprehensive nursing interventions significantly enhances treatment adherence, lung function, and quality of life in COPD patients.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144719280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Clinical perspective on non-sleepy obstructive sleep apnea; to treat or not to treat? 非困倦性阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的临床观察治疗还是不治疗？

IF 2.7

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2539542

Steven Luu, Budhima Nanayakkara, Brendon J Yee

{"title":"Clinical perspective on non-sleepy obstructive sleep apnea; to treat or not to treat?","authors":"Steven Luu, Budhima Nanayakkara, Brendon J Yee","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2539542","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2539542","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Excessive daytime sleepiness has traditionally been regarded as the hallmark symptom of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), yet nearly half of individuals with OSA do not report significant sleepiness. While treatments are well established for sleepy patients, their role in non-sleepy individuals remains relatively underexplored.Areas covered: This review discusses the limitations of current tools used to measure sleepiness, evaluates the evidence for various treatment options for OSA in non-sleepy populations, and outlines key considerations for shared decision-making. We examine noninvasive therapies including positive airway pressure (PAP), oral appliance therapy, and weight loss interventions only.Expert opinion: Randomized controlled trials have not demonstrated cardiometabolic benefits of PAP therapy in non-sleepy individuals with OSA, though these studies are limited by poor PAP adherence and imprecise tools for identifying high-risk patients. As such, a pragmatic trial of PAP may be a reasonable strategy in non-sleepy people with moderate-to-severe OSA, cardiovascular comorbidities, or other OSA-related complications; provided patients are counseled about the challenges of adherence and the uncertain benefits in this population. Looking ahead, management of non-sleepy OSA will likely be guided by individualized, risk-based approaches incorporating physiological endotyping, objective biomarkers of cardiovascular risk, and patient preferences.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Home-based pulmonary rehabilitation and health coaching in fibrotic interstitial lung disease: a perspective on current evidence and future directions. 纤维化间质性肺疾病的家庭肺康复和健康指导：当前证据和未来方向的观点

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2539540

Teng Moua, Roberto Benzo

{"title":"Home-based pulmonary rehabilitation and health coaching in fibrotic interstitial lung disease: a perspective on current evidence and future directions.","authors":"Teng Moua, Roberto Benzo","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2539540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/17476348.2025.2539540","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The fibrotic interstitial lung diseases ;(f-ILD) are often progressive and debilitating lung diseases with significant symptom burden and impaired quality of life. Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) has demonstrated improvements in dyspnea, physical function, and respiratory-related quality of life (RR-QoL) in patients with -f-ILD but had limited uptake and completion in real-world settings.Areas covered: A literature review was completed on the impact and limitations of traditional PR in f-ILD, with additional perspective on the use of home-based approaches and implementation of health coaching. Barriers to traditional center-based PR programs include patient and systems-based factors such as unawareness of benefit, emotional or psychological distress, and limited access. Home-based PR may address these limitations by removing travel barriers, increasing access with remote supervision and monitoring, and promoting social support by connecting care with familiar settings. Studies involving home-based PR in ILD have shown promise with improving functional and quality of life outcomes and high compliance rates. Health coaching is a collaborative paradigm for fostering behavior change and has demonstrated positive impact in the management of chronic diseases.Expert opinion: A combination of health coaching with home-based PR may address ongoing challenges of PR uptake and compliance as well as expand PR as a holistic and comprehensive intervention.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144700745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effect of resilience and clinical profile in admitted to lung biopsy patients: a cross-sectional and follow-up study. 住院肺活检患者恢复力和临床特征的影响：一项横断面和随访研究。

Expert review of respiratory medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2025.2538277

Alejandro Heredia Ciuró, Ana Belén Gámiz Molina, Julia Raya Benítez, Geraldine Valenza-Peña, María Granados Santiago, Laura López López, Marie Carmen Valenza

{"title":"Effect of resilience and clinical profile in admitted to lung biopsy patients: a cross-sectional and follow-up study.","authors":"Alejandro Heredia Ciuró, Ana Belén Gámiz Molina, Julia Raya Benítez, Geraldine Valenza-Peña, María Granados Santiago, Laura López López, Marie Carmen Valenza","doi":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2538277","DOIUrl":"10.1080/17476348.2025.2538277","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Early diagnosis of lung cancer is crucial due to often delayed symptoms. While resilience helps patients cope with treatment, its impact on symptom severity and quality of life at diagnosis is not well understood. This study explores how resilience at diagnosis may affect clinical progression in lung cancer patients.Research design and methods: This observational study with a 3-month follow-up included 95 patients admitted for lung biopsy. Participants were classified based on the Brief Resilience Scale (low resilience < 3.00). Main variables included symptom severity, functional status, and health-related quality of life. Patients were assessed at the time of biopsy and again at 3 months.Results: The 34.73% of patients presented low resilience and the 65.26% good resilience. Patients with low resilience presented significantly more respiratory symptoms (p < 0.001), and sleep disturbances (p = 0.05), added to poorer functionality and quality of life (p < 0.001) than those with good resilience. Three months after the biopsy, the good resilience group kept showing lower symptom severity (p < 0.05), better functionality (p < 0.001) and quality of life (p < 0.001) than low resilience patients.Conclusion: Resilience appears to play a protective role in the clinical course of lung cancer and may be a valuable factor to consider in patient management strategies.","PeriodicalId":94007,"journal":{"name":"Expert review of respiratory medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144692829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0