Experimental gerontology最新文献

{"title":"Blood neurofilament light chain in patients with multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and updated meta-analysis","authors":"Rasoul Ebrahimi ,&nbsp;Mojtaba Seifi ,&nbsp;Mohammad Mahdi Masouri ,&nbsp;Melika Ravari Nejad ,&nbsp;Ghazal Azad ,&nbsp;Amir Hossein Kabiri ,&nbsp;Shokoofe Noori","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112992","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112992","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study aims to thoroughly evaluate blood neurofilament light chain (NfL) levels in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients compared to controls and across various MS subtypes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a systematic search of PubMed and Web of Science up to February 20, 2025, focusing on studies that reported blood NfL levels in individuals with MS and in control groups. Effect sizes were determined using Hedges' g, applying a random effects model for significant heterogeneity (<em>I</em>² &gt; 50 %), and a fixed effects model otherwise.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 1380 records, 68 studies with a total of 19,159 participants were included. Blood NfL levels were significantly higher in MS patients compared to controls (SMD = 0.78; 95 % CI [0.67, 0.89], <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; I² = 87.29 %). We also found elevated NfL levels in all major MS subtypes: RRMS (SMD = 0.71; 95 % CI [0.52, 0.91], <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; I² = 90.26 %), SPMS (SMD = 0.94; 95 % CI [0.60, 1.28], p &lt; 0.001; I² = 88.43 %), PPMS (SMD = 0.79; 95 % CI [0.16, 1.42], <em>p</em> = 0.01; I² = 95.75 %), and combined PMS (SMD = 0.96; 95 % CI [0.79, 1.12], <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001; I² = 80.28 %) compared to controls. Also, GFAP levels were significantly higher in PMS than in RRMS.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings highlight the potential of blood NfL as a useful biomarker for tracking disease progression and distinguishing MS subtypes. However, additional studies are essential to confirm its effectiveness in clinical settings (Graphical abstract).</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112992"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145737548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index and risk of sarcopenia in older adults: findings from CHARLS and NHANES","authors":"Yan Chen ,&nbsp;Tianchong Huang ,&nbsp;Jiayin Wang ,&nbsp;Changsheng Guo ,&nbsp;Jing Gao ,&nbsp;Xiaodong Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Insulin resistance (IR) and inflammation are two crucial risk factors of sarcopenia. C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index (CTI) has been proposed to be a novel biomarker reflecting IR and inflammation. However, association between CTI and sarcopenia risk remains unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To explore the association between CTI and sarcopenia risk.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were obtained from Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2001–2010 and China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) 2011–2015. NHANES was used for cross-sectional analysis, and weighted logistic regression analysis was conducted to explore association between CTI and sarcopenia. CHARLS was used for longitudinal analysis, and the primary endpoint was the first occurrence of sarcopenia over follow-up. Logistic regression analysis and Cox proportional hazard analysis were conducted to explore the relationship between CTI and the risk of sarcopenia. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) analysis was performed to investigate the non-linear association between CTI and sarcopenia risk, and receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curves and the area under the ROC curve (AUC) were utilized to assess the predictive capability of CTI on the risk of sarcopenia.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 11,286 Americans and 1478 Chinese aged ≥60 years were included in this study. Logistic and Cox regression analysis revealed the cross-sectional (OR: 1.52, 95 %CI: 1.15–1.99, <em>P</em> = 0.004) and longitudinal (HR: 1.35, 95 %CI: 1.10–1.65, P = 0.004) correlation between CTI and sarcopenia risk after adjusting the covariates. For the two databases, non-linear association between CTI and sarcopenia risk was observed (P for non-linear &lt;0.001). Additionally, compared to CRP and the TyG index, CTI exhibited the best predictive capability for sarcopenia risk, with the highest AUC (CHARLS: 0.730, NHANES: 0.722).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>There exist both the cross-sectional and longitudinal association between CTI level and sarcopenia risk in older adults, and it is crucial to monitor CTI in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 113003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of exercise and soy protein intake on physical frailty score improvement in community-dwelling elderly: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Masakazu Imaoka ,&nbsp;Mitsumasa Hida ,&nbsp;Misa Nakamura ,&nbsp;Keiko Sakai ,&nbsp;Emi Anzai ,&nbsp;Takashi Ichise ,&nbsp;Nobuhiko Tachibana ,&nbsp;Ien Tei ,&nbsp;Yoshinori Hasegawa","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112995","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112995","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study examined the effects of combined exercise and nutrition interventions on physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A randomized controlled trial was conducted with 84 participants (68 women; mean age of 75.5 ± 6.3 years). Participants were assigned to either an exercise-only group or a combined exercise and nutrition group. The 3-month intervention included weekly 1-h exercise sessions (10 sessions total). Outcomes assessed were walking speed, limb skeletal muscle mass index, trunk muscle mass, grip strength, weight loss, fatigue, exercise habits, general cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment Japanese version, MoCA-J), and biochemical blood test data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 84 participants, 77 (39 exercise-only, 38 exercise + nutrition group) were analyzed. Pre-post comparisons showed a main effect of physical frailty for both groups: 0.82 ± 0.79 pre-post and 0.51 ± 0.68 pre-intervention vs. post-intervention for the exercise group, and 0.82 ± 0.69 pre-post and 0.50 ± 0.60 post-post for the exercise+nutrition group. Walking speed was 1.27 ± 0.21 m/s pre and 1.29 ± 0.21 m/s post in the exercise group and 1.18 ± 0.19 m/s pre and 1.27 ± 0.19 m/s post in the exercise + nutrition group, showing a main effect and interaction effect. Other measures showed significant effects on limb skeletal muscle mass, trunk muscle mass, grip strength, and trunk muscle mass in both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Exercise intervention, with or without nutritional supplementation, significantly reduced physical frailty in older adults. Combining exercise with soy protein intake may improve short-term motor function and physical frailty.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112995"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Less habitual knee-bent sitting and more lying time are associated with worse frailty, mobility and balance in long-term care residents","authors":"Madeline E. Shivgulam ,&nbsp;Emily E. MacDonald ,&nbsp;Jocelyn Waghorn ,&nbsp;Chris Cartwright ,&nbsp;Andrea Mayo ,&nbsp;Derek S. Kimmerly ,&nbsp;Kenneth Rockwood ,&nbsp;Olga Theou ,&nbsp;Myles W. O'Brien","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112971","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112971","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The impact of habitual postures on frailty, and balance, mobility, and transfer ability, particularly among people in long-term care. We sought to characterize the time spent in detailed postures and the relationships they have with frailty and Hierarchical Assessment of Balance and Mobility (HABAM) among older adults living in long-term care. Forty-four moderate-to-severely frail long-term care residents were recruited (36 females; age: 83 ± 10 years; body mass index: 31.8 ± 7.6 kg/m²). Participants wore an activPAL on their torso, thigh, and shin for 3.6 ± 0.5 days. Frailty was determined via a 65-item index and Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS). Functional abilities were measured using the HABAM. Linear regressions, adjusted for age and body mass index, demonstrated that higher frequency of sit-to-stand transitions (18 ± 23 transitions/day), standing time (52 ± 87 min/day) and step counts (442 ± 945 steps/day) were associated with lower frailty (frailty index: 0.438 ± 0.115) and higher HABAM scores (23.2 ± 16.3/67.0; all, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.034). Knee-bent sitting (142 ± 228 min/day) was associated with higher HABAM and lower frailty index scores (both, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.002). More non-upright time (1337 ± 133 min/day) and lying time (1138 ± 372 min/day) were associated with worse frailty index and HABAM scores (all, <em>p</em> ≤ 0.021). There were no associations between straight-legged sitting (56 ± 227 min/day) with frailty index or HABAM scores (both, <em>p</em> ≥ 0.219). Overall, participant posture was mostly characterized by a horizontal thigh (sitting or lying), with ∼1 h/day upright. Intervention models promoting upright time, sit-to-stand transitions, and knee-bent sitting rather than lying are warranted for frailty and HABAM management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112971"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145598414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal changes of sarcopenia status and risks of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality","authors":"Kaixin Zhang ,&nbsp;Xiaowei Zheng ,&nbsp;Tao Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112989","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112989","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>Little is known about the association between changes in sarcopenia status with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. We aimed to evaluate the associations between sarcopenia status changes and incident CVD and mortality in a large prospective cohort of middle-aged and older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 7257 participants from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study 2011 were included in analyses. Sarcopenia status was defined according to the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia 2019 (AWGS 2019) criteria. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the association of changes in sarcopenia status (never, onset, remitted, and persistent) with CVD (stroke or cardiac events) and all-cause mortality.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>During a maximum follow-up period of 2 years, a total of 722 (9.95 %) respondents experienced CVD (303 stroke and 456 cardiac events), and 292 (4.02 %) deaths were identified. Compared to participants without any sarcopenia, those in the improved and persistent sarcopenia had an increased risk of CVD, with multiple-adjusted hazard ratios (95 % confidence intervals) of 1.37 (1.04–1.80) and 1.32 (1.03–1.69), respectively. Individuals with improved and persistent sarcopenia also had higher risk of stroke and cardiac events. Among participants with baseline possible sarcopenia, those who recovered to a non-sarcopenia status had a significantly lower risk of new-onset CVD and stroke, compared to those who remained in the possible sarcopenia status.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Changes in sarcopenia status are associated with varying risks of new-onset CVD risk and all-cause mortality. Monitoring long-term changes in the sarcopenia should prioritize CVD prevention strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112989"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145727422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preserving intrinsic capacity in midlife women: A mixed-methods study of a personalized multicomponent intervention aligned with the WHO ICOPE framework","authors":"Ruby Yu ,&nbsp;Cecilia Tong ,&nbsp;Matthew Yu ,&nbsp;Florence Ho ,&nbsp;Angel Hui ,&nbsp;Emily Lui ,&nbsp;Jean Woo","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112973","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112973","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Intrinsic capacity (IC) preservation during midlife represents a critical yet overlooked opportunity for preventing age-related functional decline. We developed <em>WomenWellness</em>, a 12-week personalized multicomponent intervention aligned with the WHO Integrated Care for Older People (ICOPE) framework, and evaluated its effectiveness and scalability potential.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In a multicentre randomized controlled trial conducted in Hong Kong, we enrolled 176 women with ≥1 IC domain impairment, randomizing them to <em>WomenWellness</em> (n = 117) or to a control group that received a health kit containing educational materials and lifestyle tips (n = 59). The intervention integrated personalized care, multimodal exercise, and cognitive-psychosocial activities. Outcomes included IC composite scores (range 0-6, higher = worse), domain-specific impairments, anthropometrics, physical and cognitive performance, urinary incontinence prevalence, and pain severity, analysed using generalized linear mixed models adjusted for age, education, and medication use. A parallel qualitative evaluation involved 14 focus groups (8 participant groups, 6 service provider groups) exploring intervention acceptability, feasibility, and scalability through thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Participants (mean age 61.5 ± 3.6 years) receiving <em>WomenWellness</em> showed significantly greater reductions in IC composite scores than controls (β = 0.39, 95 % CI = 0.03-0.75, p = .032), with domain-specific benefits including reduced chair stand times (β = 1.57, 95 % CI = 0.51-2.63, p = .004), ASMI preservation (β = −0.32, 95 % CI = −0.60-−0.04, p = .027), cardiorespiratory fitness gains (β = −11.47, 95 % CI = −16.89-−6.04, p &lt; .001), lower malnutrition risk (OR = 0.26, 95 % CI = 0.08-0.84, p = .025), and reduced visual impairment (OR = 0.28, 95 % CI = 0.12–0.65, p = .003). Qualitative findings revealed high acceptability, with participants valuing the integrated approach and service providers emphasizing its adaptability to community settings.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div><em>WomenWellness</em> effectively enhanced IC in midlife women, demonstrating high acceptability, feasibility, and adaptive fidelity, thereby supporting the integration of such programs into routine midlife healthcare services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112973"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145590389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The skeletal muscle function deficit: From an operational definition to clinic results from the InCHIANTI longitudinal study","authors":"Angelo Di Iorio ,&nbsp;Raffaello Pellegrino ,&nbsp;Roberto Paganelli ,&nbsp;Matteo Candeloro ,&nbsp;Stefania Bandinelli ,&nbsp;Toshiko Tanaka ,&nbsp;Luigi Ferrucci","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Age-related muscle dysfunction is a major contributor to disability, frailty, and poor clinical outcomes in older adults. Skeletal Muscle Function Deficit (SMFD) framework integrates multiple domains as: muscle mass, muscle density, strength, and power to capture a broader spectrum of age-related muscle dysfunction. The primary aims of these analyses are to develop and validate a composite SMFD score and evaluate its association with key geriatric outcome.</div><div>This study used data from the InCHIANTI follow-up study, involving an initial cohort of 1035 older participants, with a total of 3196 assessments. The SMFD score was computed by assigning quintile-based values of muscle area, density, strength, and lower limb power. Associations with adverse health outcomes, and major chronic diseases were analyzed using mixed-effects models.</div><div>The SMFD score declined over time from baseline to the third follow-up was: β ± SE:-0.64 ± 0.12 (<em>p</em>-value &lt; 0.001), β ± SE:-1.94 ± 0.13 (p-value &lt; 0.001), and β ± SE:-4.43 ± 0.14 (p-value &lt; 0.001), respectively, and was associated with: BADL (OR = 0.57; 95 %CI: 0.46–0.69), IADL (OR = 0.70; 95 %CI: 0.66–0.75), poor physical performance (SPPB &lt; 7) (OR = 0.68; 95 %CI: 0.64–0.73), Fried's frailty phenotype (OR = 0.72; 95 % CI: 0.68–0.76), hospitalization (OR = 0.96; 95 %CI: 0.93–0.99), and falls' number (OR = 0.96; 95 %CI: 0.92–0.99). Whereas higher SMFD scores were negatively associated with Parkinson's disease, stroke, and hip osteoarthritis.</div><div>The SMFD score is a valid, multidimensional measure that predicts adverse outcomes in older adults. It holds promise for use in clinical assessment, risk stratification, and targeted interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 113018"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145890694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronotype, serum metabolome, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in middle-aged and older adults: Association and potential mediation analyses","authors":"Ming-Jun Hu ,&nbsp;Xiao-Min Dong ,&nbsp;Xue-Li Wang,&nbsp;Bei Yao,&nbsp;Fu Yu,&nbsp;Dan Su,&nbsp;Lu Li,&nbsp;Yong-Liang Zhang,&nbsp;Xin-Min Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Chronotype represents individual's circadian preference in behavioral and circadian rhythm. This study aimed to investigate association between chronotype and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and underlying metabolic mechanisms in middle-aged and older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study included 744 general middle-aged and older adults. Chronotype was assessed using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire. Untargeted metabolomic profiling was identified using liquid chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry. Logistic regression model was used to evaluate association between chronotype and NAFLD. A metabolome-wide association study coupled with mediation analysis was conducted to assess metabolic dysregulation related with chronotype and NAFLD.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Chronotype was categorized as morning in 33.1 % of participants, intermediate in 46.8 %, and evening in 20.1 %. After adjustment for covariates, evening chronotype was significantly associated with higher NAFLD risk (OR = 1.70, 95 % CI: 1.03, 2.81) compared to morning chronotype. We identified 81 metabolite features that were significantly associated with chronotype. The comparison between NAFLD and non-NAFLD revealed 251 metabolic differences, implicating 5 metabolic pathways: Arginine biosynthesis, Histidine metabolism, Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, Arginine and proline metabolism, and beta-Alanine metabolism. Mediation analyses suggested that 7 metabolites (such as Asparaginyl-Proline and DG(11D3/11D5/0:0)) might be potential mediators in association of chronotype with NAFLD, with mediated proportions ranging from 12.1 % to 20.6 %.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Evening chronotype was associated with increased risk of NAFLD in middle-aged and older adults. Chronotype-related metabolomic alterations, including Asparaginyl-Proline and some lipid metabolites, might represent an associative pathway between chronotype and NAFLD. This highlighted the importance of maintaining circadian rhythms for metabolic health.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112998"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145784103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sarcopenia, obesity, and functional decline: converging mechanisms and emerging diagnostic frontiers","authors":"Andrea P. Rossi ,&nbsp;Lin Kang ,&nbsp;Ming Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112993","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.112993","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 112993"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of adapted tango dance on cognitive and executive function in older adults: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Yuexin Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongli Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongtao Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exger.2025.113012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a 12-week adapted tango program on executive and cognitive function in older adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this randomized controlled trial, fifty Chinese older adults (aged 60–69 years) were randomly assigned to either an adapted tango intervention group (<em>n</em> = 25) or a control group (n = 25) maintaining usual daily habits. The intervention group completed a 12-week adapted tango program (twice weekly, 60 min per session). Executive function was assessed using the Flanker task, Dimensional Change Card Sort (DCCS) task, and N-back task, while global cognition was measured with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA). A two-way repeated-measures ANOVA was performed to examine group × time interactions, followed by Bonferroni-adjusted post-hoc comparisons. Effect sizes were calculated using Cohen's d.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Significant group × time interactions were found for Flanker reaction time (RT) and accuracy (<em>p</em> = 0.002 and <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), with improvements in the tango group but no changes in the control group. DCCS RT and accuracy also showed significant improvements (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), while the control group exhibited no changes. Significant improvements were noted in N-back RT and accuracy (<em>p</em> = 0.008 and <em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), with no changes observed in the control group. Additionally, MMSE total and subdomains (e.g., orientation) significantly improved (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), with no changes in the controls. MoCA total and subdomains (e.g., visuospatial/executive) significantly improved (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001), while no changes were found in the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings suggest that adapted tango may be an effective non-pharmacological intervention for enhancing executive and cognitive functions in older adults, with potential implications for promoting cognitive health in aging populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94003,"journal":{"name":"Experimental gerontology","volume":"213 ","pages":"Article 113012"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145829428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}