European journal of sport science最新文献

{"title":"Muscle soreness but not neuromuscular fatigue responses following downhill running differ according to the number of exercise bouts","authors":"Bastien Bontemps,&nbsp;Julien Louis,&nbsp;Daniel J. Owens,&nbsp;Stella Miríc,&nbsp;Fabrice Vercruyssen,&nbsp;Mathieu Gruet,&nbsp;Robert M. Erskine","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12240","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12240","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Repeated sessions of eccentric-biased exercise promote strength gains through neuromuscular adaptation. However, it remains unclear whether increasing the number of these sessions can mitigate the extent of neuromuscular fatigue and exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) in response to a standardised eccentric-biased bout. Twelve healthy untrained adults (five females and seven males; 25.1 ± 4.9 years; and <span></span><math></math>: 49.4 ± 6.2 mL kg⁻¹ min⁻¹) completed two blocks of five downhill running (DR) sessions on a motorised treadmill at a speed equivalent to 60%–65% <span></span><math></math> for 15–30 min. Knee extensor maximal voluntary isometric torque (MVT), electrically evoked measures of neuromuscular fatigue (peripheral and central components), and lower-limb perceived muscle soreness (PMS) and perceived load (RPE × session duration) were assessed before and immediately after a 15 min standardised DR bout at baseline and after 5 and 10 DR sessions. MVT decreased following a standardised DR bout (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01) similarly at all three time points (−14%, −11% and −9%; <i>p</i> &gt; 0.05). The same observations were found for all peripheral and central neuromuscular fatigue indicators after 0, 5 and 10 DR sessions. <i>Quadriceps</i> (but not <i>plantar flexor</i> or <i>gluteus</i>) PMS was lower after 10 DR sessions (8.7 ± 8.5 mm) compared to baseline (29.6 ± 22.2 mm and <i>p</i> = 0.01), but no difference was observed after 5 DR sessions (15.4 ± 11.9 mm and <i>p</i> = 0.08). Ten repeated sessions of eccentric-biased exercise led to a reduction in <i>quadriceps femoris</i> PMS following a standardised DR bout but neither 5 nor 10 sessions altered the central or peripheral fatigue responses to the same standardised DR bout. These findings suggest distinct physiological adaptations to repeated eccentric-biased exercise regarding EIMD and neuromuscular fatigue.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12240","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143475766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Daily Social Media Use on Smartphones Before Training on Attack Efficiency and Repeated Vertical Jump Ability in Young Male Volleyball Players: A Randomized and Crossover Trial","authors":"Carlos Freitas-Junior,&nbsp;Fabio Nakamura,&nbsp;Yago Costa,&nbsp;Gilmário Batista,&nbsp;Leonardo Fortes","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12258","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This investigation observed the repeated effect of using social media on smartphones immediately before training sessions on attack efficiency (AE) and repeat-vertical jumping ability (RVJA) in young volleyball athletes. A crossover study involved 14 volleyball athletes (17.57 ± 0.65 years of age). For three weeks, the athletes participated in their training routines under two experimental conditions: using social media (SMA) and watching documentaries (DOC), both for 30 min before the training sessions. Before and after the three weeks, the athletes had their AE and RVJA evaluated. The AE test consisted of performing 6 attacks, with the total score obtained by adding the product of the score and the speed of each attempt. RVJA was assessed using the intermittent vertical jump test of four sets of 15 s (IJT₆₀), with the average heights of the best series of 15 s (H_peak) and the total time (H_mean) used for analysis. The visual analog scale revealed an increase in subjective mental fatigue for both conditions (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), with SMA having higher levels compared to DOC (<i>p</i> = 0.02). There were improvements in AE for DOC compared to SMA (<i>p</i> = 0.03). No differences were found between the experimental conditions for Hpeak and Hmean. The results demonstrated that using social media on smartphones immediately before training sessions caused mental fatigue and impaired AE in young volleyball athletes.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143466144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing the number of players and training bout durations in soccer small-sided games: Effects on mood balance and technical performance","authors":"Zouhaier Farhani,&nbsp;Hatem Ghouili,&nbsp;Wissem Dhahbi,&nbsp;Achraf Ammar,&nbsp;Mohamed Ben Aissa,&nbsp;Mohamed Mansour Bouzouraa,&nbsp;Khaled Trabelsi,&nbsp;Noomen Guelmami,&nbsp;Nizar Souissi,&nbsp;Ismail Dergaa,&nbsp;Anissa Bouassida,&nbsp;Lamia Ben Ezzeddine","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12208","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study aimed to determine the effects of different bout durations (1 × 12 min, 2 × 6 min and 3 × 4 min) of three-a-side (3vs3) and four-a-side (4vs4) small sided games (SSGs) with goalkeepers, on the profile of mood state (POMS) scores, and technical performance (percentage of successful passes, percentage of successful tackles, percentage of successful duels, and percentage of ball loss) in soccer players. Methods: Sixteen semiprofessional male soccer players participated in the study (age: 20.7 ± 0.7 years, height: 179.5 ± 6.1 cm, body mass: 67.2 ± 4.9 kg, body fat: 10.7 ± 0.7%). In randomized counterbalanced order, participants completed the six different conditioned SSGs (2 playing-formats × 3 bout-durations). POMS scores and technical performance data were collected during each bout of SSGs. Results: The data demonstrated that the continuous-bout-duration (1 × 12 min) of 4vs4 and 3vs3 SSGs was characterized by a significant decrease in total mood disturbance (TMD) compared to 2 × 6 min and 3 × 4 min (4vs4:<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01; 3vs3:<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Continuous bout duration showed a greater (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) percentage of successful passes compared to 2 × 6 min (4vs4; <i>d</i> = 2.57 [very large] and 3vs3: <i>d</i> = 1.79 [large]) and 3 × 4 min (4vs4: <i>d</i> = 2.14 [very large] and 3vs3; <i>d</i> = 1.73 [large]). The percentage of successful tackles was only greater (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) for 1 × 12 min in 4vs4 (2 × 6 min; <i>d</i> = 0.83 [moderate] and 3 × 4 min: <i>d</i> = 0.86 [moderate]) and successful duels in 3vs3 (2 × 6 min; <i>d</i> = 1.41 [large] and 3 × 4 min; <i>d</i> = 1.43 [large]). Conclusion: The bout durations in four- and three-a-side soccer games seem to influence behavioral and technical performance of the players. Therefore, coaches should consider longer continuous bouts when planning SSGs-based training to significantly decrease TMD and enhance technical-tactical performance in soccer SSGs.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12208","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143438827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived motivational climate, doping attitudes, and doping temptation among elite adolescent athletes: The moderating role of perfectionism","authors":"Jan Åge Kristensen,&nbsp;Maria Kavussanu,&nbsp;Yngvar Ommundsen","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12244","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A sports culture that emphasizes normative success, as evident in a performance motivational climate, may encourage athletes to use prohibited performance-enhancing substances. Athletes with perfectionistic tendencies are believed to be particularly tempted to doping when finding themselves in such sporting environments. In this study, we examined whether perceived motivational climate was related to doping temptation directly and indirectly via doping attitudes and whether perfectionism moderated this indirect relationship. The sample comprised 420 adolescent athletes aged 16–18 years (mean age = 16.94 and standard deviation = 0.81) recruited from five Norwegian sport academy high schools. Regression analysis revealed that athletes' perceptions of a performance climate were positively related to their temptation to dope both directly and indirectly via doping attitudes, and that this indirect relationship was stronger among athletes who were moderate or high in their perfectionistic concerns. No direct or indirect relationships were found between mastery climate and doping temptation, nor did perfectionistic strivings moderate the indirect relationship between mastery climate and doping temptation via doping attitudes. Taken together, our findings suggest that athletes who perceive their sport environment as performance-oriented and believe that the benefits of using prohibited substances outweigh the drawbacks are more tempted to dope. Moreover, this tendency is particularly notable among athletes who are moderately or strongly concerned about making mistakes (i.e., have perfectionistic concerns).</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12244","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Proximity-To-Failure on Perceptual Responses to Resistance Training","authors":"Martin C. Refalo,&nbsp;Eric R. Helms,&nbsp;D. Lee Hamilton,&nbsp;Jackson J. Fyfe","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12266","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12266","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Perceptual responses may influence how much pleasure or displeasure an individual experiences during or following resistance training (RT). Resistance-trained males (<i>n</i> = 12) and females (<i>n</i> = 6) completed an 8-week intervention involving two RT sessions per week. The lower limbs of each participant were randomised to perform the leg press and leg extension exercises either to (i) momentary muscular failure (FAIL) or (ii) a perceived 2-RIR and 1-RIR, respectively, for the entire intervention. In weeks one, four, and eight, post-set ratings of perceived discomfort (RPD), and post-session ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) and general feelings via feeling scale (FS) were measured. Data were analysed with Bayesian mixed-effect models. When averaged over all time points measured, results showed slightly greater RPD for FAIL [5.1 (HDI: 4.2–6.0); <i>pd</i> = 100%] versus RIR [4.1 (HDI: 3.2–5.1); <i>pd</i> = 100%], greater RPE for FAIL [5.4 (HDI: 4.6–6.3); <i>pd</i> = 100%] versus RIR [4.3 (HDI: 3.5–5.1); <i>pd</i> = 100%], and more positive general feelings for RIR [1.2 (HDI: 0.7–1.8); <i>pd</i> = 100%] versus FAIL [0.3 (HDI: −0.3 to 0.8); <i>pd</i> = 86%]. Overall, assessing perceptual responses may help inform RIR prescription to promote desired outcomes whilst limiting negative feelings that may compromise long-term adherence.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12266","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143431688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Grip Strength From Birth to Age 16: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"James L. Nuzzo","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12268","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In 1985, Thomas and French published results of a meta-analysis that examined sex differences in grip strength in children 5 years of age and older. Their analysis included results from only four studies, and no update has been published. The purpose of the current study was to use meta-analysis to examine sex differences in grip strength from birth to age 16. The analysis included 808 effects from 169 studies conducted in 45 countries between 1961 and 2023. The total sample was 353,676 (178,588 boys, 175,088 girls). From birth to 16 years of age, grip strength was consistently greater in boys than girls. Between 3 and 10 years old, the effect size was small-to-moderate, with female grip strength equaling 90% of male grip strength (Hedges <i>g</i> = 0.33–0.46). At age 11, the effect size decreased slightly, likely due to girls reaching puberty before boys (<i>g</i> = 0.29, 95% confidence intervals (CI) [0.22, 0.35]). At age 13, the effect size increased markedly likely due to male puberty (<i>g</i> = 0.63, 95% CIs [0.55, 0.70]). By age 16, the sex difference in grip strength was substantial, with female grip strength equaling 65% of male grip strength (<i>g</i> = 2.07, 95% CIs [1.86, 2.27]). Secondary analyses revealed that the sex difference in grip strength is broadly similar between countries and has been mostly stable since the 1960s, except for a narrowing of the difference among 5–10-year-olds after 2010. Various biological factors explain why, on average, boys are stronger than girls from birth onward.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12268","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Having the Heart to Exercise Control: Cardiac Interoception Influences Self-Paced Exercise Regulation","authors":"J. B. Butterworth,&nbsp;J. Dekerle,&nbsp;A. Greenhouse-Tucknott,&nbsp;H. D. Critchley,&nbsp;N. J. Smeeton","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12263","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12263","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study was to examine the role of cardiac interoception on self-regulated (Experiment 1) and externally prescribed (Experiment 2) exercises. Cardiac interoception was assessed using heartbeat tracking and discrimination tasks in both experiments. Based on heartbeat discrimination performance, participants were partitioned into groups demonstrating GOOD and POOR cardiac interoceptive accuracy. In Experiment 1, 20 participants completed two self-regulated 20-min cycling tasks at two intensities (<i>light</i> rated physical exertion [RPE on Borg Scale = 10] vs. <i>hard-to-very hard</i>, RPE = 16). During self-regulated exercise, the POOR cardiac interoception group showed lower differences in their exercise work rates and physiological responses between <i>light</i> and <i>hard-to-very hard</i> intensity exercises. These differences were partly attributable to a higher work rate over the first 5 min of <i>light</i> intensity exercise and a higher initial rate of work in the first min of <i>hard-to-very hard</i> intensity exercise. In Experiment 2, 15 participants completed an externally prescribed, constant-load cycling task performed at 80% of the peak power output, to task failure. During externally prescribed exercise, GOOD and POOR groups did not differ in their time-to-task failure nor in their physiological and perceptual responses to the exercise. Together these findings demonstrate that individual differences in interoceptive accuracy influence the regulation of self-paced exercise but do not affect externally prescribed exercise tolerance under constant load.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12263","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Root Extract of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on Perception of Recovery and Muscle Strength in Female Athletes","authors":"Olivia C. Coope,&nbsp;Andrea Reales Salguero,&nbsp;Tilly Spurr,&nbsp;Andrea Páez Calvente,&nbsp;Aina Domenech Farre,&nbsp;Enrique Jordán Fisas,&nbsp;Beth Lloyd,&nbsp;Julie Gooderick,&nbsp;Maria Abad Sangrà,&nbsp;Blanca Roman-Viñas","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12265","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12265","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ashwagandha is a supplement with the potential to improve exercise performance. However, research on its impact on female athletes remains limited. This study investigates the effects of ashwagandha on exercise recovery and muscle strength in professional female athletes, addressing a gap in understanding its role in this underrepresented population. Female footballers were randomly assigned to a 600 mg/day ashwagandha root extract group (ASH, <i>n</i> = 15; age: 26.0 ± 4.9 years, height: 1.66 ± 0.1 m, body mass: 61.5 ± 7.5 kg, and career: 15.2 ± 7.4 years) or a placebo group (PLA, <i>n</i> = 15; age: 23.5 ± 5.5 years, height: 1.66 ± 0.1 m, body mass: 61.5 ± 6.0 kg, and career: 13.1 ± 4.9 years). Recovery was assessed with total quality recovery (TQR), Hooper Index (HI) and rate of perceived exertion (RPE). Strength was assessed by hand grip, medicine ball throw (MBT), countermovement jump (CMJ) and peak power. Dietary intake was recorded prior to baseline measurements. Repeated measures ANOVA, Bonferroni test, independent <i>t</i>-tests and ANCOVA were used in the analysis. A significant group × time interaction effect was found for TQR (<i>p</i> = 0.026), with the post-hoc analysis revealing a significant difference between ASH and PLA at 28 days (<i>p</i> = 0.039). Perceived sleep quality from HI improved significantly in ASH compared to PLA (<i>p</i> = 0.038), with a significant change at 14 days. The ANCOVA analysis highlighted the significant influence of carbohydrate intake on hand grip strength (<i>p</i> = 0.005), MBT (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001) and body mass (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). A dosage of 600 mg of ashwagandha root extract for 28 days may improve TQR and enhance perceived sleep quality in female footballers. Future research should investigate the optimal dosage and test across a broader range of athletic populations.</p><p><b>Trials Registration:</b> The trial is registered on ClinicalTrials.gov with the ID NCT06264986</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12265","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determining the Contextual Factors in a Decision-Making Framework for a Rugby League Ball Carrier: A Rapid Review and Delphi Study","authors":"James Bletsoe,&nbsp;Sarah Whitehead,&nbsp;Jamie Poolton,&nbsp;Kevin Till","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12271","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12271","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Using a two-phase approach in the form of a rapid literature review and Delphi consensus, this study aimed to reach consensus on the terms, definitions and potential options to develop a framework that captures the contextual factors that can affect a rugby league ball carrier’s decision-making, whilst also determining the perceived importance of these contextual factors. Forty terms, their definitions and potential options were extracted from the rapid review. In a two-round Delphi survey, experts rated their level of agreement with each term, definition and potential options on a five-point Likert scale. Consensus was defined by ≥ 80% agreement (with ≤ 10% in disagreement). The experts then rated the level of importance to a ball carrier’s decision-making of each of the terms on a seven-point Likert scale. Eighteen experts participated in round one and 15 participated in round two (response rate 83%). Five additional terms were suggested by the experts and reached consensus in the second round of the Delphi survey. In total, consensus was reached on 45 terms, their definitions and potential options, which were grouped into five themes (match context, offensive context, defensive context, offensive ball carrier skill and attacking outcomes). Seventeen of the 45 terms were perceived to be <i>important</i> or <i>very important</i>. Nine of these factors were associated with offensive context and eight factors were associated with defensive context. The framework can be used by coaches, performance analysts and researchers to better understand player in-game decisions and to support the design of training interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12271","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Individual Running Demands in Position Games: A Comparison Between Official Matches and Different Task Sizes in Young Professional Soccer Players","authors":"Jose A. Asian-Clemente,&nbsp;Jose Vicente Beltran-Garrido,&nbsp;Bernardo Requena","doi":"10.1002/ejsc.12251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsc.12251","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The objectives of this study were to compare external loads between matches and position games based on player roles and to evaluate the load disparities between matches and different position games, individually considering each position. Twenty-five players (age: 21.9 ± 1.9 years; height: 177.9 ± 5.2 cm; weight: 75.5 ± 4.8 kg) were evaluated during 37 official matches and 18 position games classified according to their pitch sizes: small, medium, and large (50.8 ± 6.6 m², 80.5 ± 4.6 m², and 115.9 ± 25.2 m² relative area per player, respectively). Players were categorized as: central defenders (CD), fullbacks (FB), defensive midfielders (CM), offensive midfielders (OM), wide midfielders (WM), and forwards (F). Using GPS, various metrics were recorded: distance covered (DC), DC &gt; 21 km·h⁻¹, peak speed, maximum accelerations and decelerations, and lower and higher than 3 m·s⁻² (Acc_&lt;3; Acc_&gt;3; Dec_&lt;3; and Dec_&gt;3, respectively). Variables were normalized per minute (except peak speed, maximum accelerations, and decelerations). In all positions, matches consistently exhibited higher DC &gt; 21 km·h⁻¹ (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), peak speed (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), ACC_&lt;3 (<i>p</i> ≤ 0.01), DEC_&lt;3 (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), and maximum accelerations and decelerations (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). Small and large formats showed the same disparities across all positions (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), whereas in medium position games, this trend was observed exclusively among FB and F (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Position games displayed greater ACC_&gt;3 and DEC_&gt;3 than matches for certain player positions, but these depended on the size of the drill (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Position games present different external loads than matches, depending on the players' positions and the size of these tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":93999,"journal":{"name":"European journal of sport science","volume":"25 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/ejsc.12251","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143423763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}